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False Position Method: Roots of Equation

The false position method is an iterative technique used to find roots of equations. It uses two estimates, a and b, where f(a) and f(b) have opposite signs. A new estimate, c, is calculated using the formula. If f(a) and f(c) have opposite signs, b is replaced with c. If f(b) and f(c) have opposite signs, a is replaced with c. This process is repeated with improved estimates until the root is approximated to the desired accuracy. Two examples demonstrate applying this method to find roots and the location of zero shear in a beam.

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Mehedi Hasan Apu
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104 views

False Position Method: Roots of Equation

The false position method is an iterative technique used to find roots of equations. It uses two estimates, a and b, where f(a) and f(b) have opposite signs. A new estimate, c, is calculated using the formula. If f(a) and f(c) have opposite signs, b is replaced with c. If f(b) and f(c) have opposite signs, a is replaced with c. This process is repeated with improved estimates until the root is approximated to the desired accuracy. Two examples demonstrate applying this method to find roots and the location of zero shear in a beam.

Uploaded by

Mehedi Hasan Apu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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False Position Method

Roots of Equation

Asifur Rahman

CEN 205 Numerical Methods Asifur Rahman January 14, 2018 1/4
False Position Method False Position Method

From the similar triangles (shaded in figure)


f(a) f(b)
=
c−a b−c

Solving for c, we find,


f(b)(b − a)
c=b−
f(b) − f(a)

Steps
1. Find two estimates of root, x = a to the left and x = b to the right of root.
2. Then determine c using the derived formula earlier.
3. If, f(a) f(c) < 0, set b = c and follow step 2.
If, f(b) f(c) < 0, set a = c and follow step 2.

CEN 205 Numerical Methods Asifur Rahman January 14, 2018 2/4
Example 1 False Position Method

Ques. Solve the following equation using Iteration 1


bisection method. Approximate error should a = 1, b=2
be less than 1 percent.
2 (1)
2 x f(a) = 3(1) + 2e − 12 = −3.5634
y = 3x + 2e − 12
2 (2)
f(b) = 3(2) + 2e − 12 = +14.7781
Solution.
14.7781(2 − 1)
c=2− = 1.1943
14.7781 − (−3.5634)
2 (1.1943)
f(c) = 3(1.1943) + 2e − 12 = −1.1187

Iteration 2
a = 1.1943, b = 2, f(a) = −1.1187, f(b) = 14.7781
14.7781(2 − 1.1943)
c=2− = 1.2510
14.7781 − (−1.1187)
2 (1.2510)
f(c) = 3(1.2510) + 2e − 12 = −0.3176
1.2510 − 1.1943

a = = 4.53%
1.2510

False Position Method


f(b)(b − a) i a b c f(a) f(b) f(c) a
c=b−
f(b) − f(a) 1 1.0000 2.0000 1.1943 −3.5634 14.7781 −1.1187 -
2 1.1943 2.0000 1.2510 −1.1187 14.7781 −0.3176 4.5325
3 1.2510 2.0000 1.2667 −0.3176 14.7781 −0.0876 1.2440
4 1.2667 2.0000 1.2711 −0.0876 14.7781 −0.0240 0.3399

CEN 205 Numerical Methods Asifur Rahman January 14, 2018 3/4
Example 2 False Position Method

Ques. Determine the location of zero shear Solution.


in the following beam. Approximate error MB = 0 +
P
RA ×12 − (0.5×12×150)×4 = 0
should be less that 1 percent.
RA = 300 lb
Taking section at distance x from support A.
y 150
= ; y = 12.5x
x 12
Now,
Fy = 0 ↑ +
P
RA − 0.5(x)(12.5x) − V = 0

2
V = 300 − 6.25x

Iteration 1
a = 6, b=7
2
f(a) = 300 − 6.25×6 = 75
2
f(b) = 300 − 6.25×7 = −6.25
−6.25(7 − 6)
c=7− = 6.9231
− 6.25 − 75
2
f(c) = 300 − 6.25(6.9231) = 0.4438

False Position Method


i a b c f(a) f(b) f(c) a
1 6.0000 7.0000 6.9231 75.0000 −6.2500 0.4438 -
2 6.9231 7.0000 6.9282 0.4438 −6.2500 0.0023 0.0736

CEN 205 Numerical Methods Asifur Rahman January 14, 2018 4/4

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