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This document contains two homework questions related to water and wastewater treatment engineering. Question 1 involves calculating single collector efficiency and particle concentrations after filtration for different particle sizes. Question 2 asks the student to design a sedimentation treatment system given characteristics of the raw water flow and settling properties, specifying the number of basins, their dimensions, and operating parameters. Guidelines for horizontal-flow rectangular sedimentation tank design are also provided.

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Jowel Mercado
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65 views

Homework4 PDF

This document contains two homework questions related to water and wastewater treatment engineering. Question 1 involves calculating single collector efficiency and particle concentrations after filtration for different particle sizes. Question 2 asks the student to design a sedimentation treatment system given characteristics of the raw water flow and settling properties, specifying the number of basins, their dimensions, and operating parameters. Guidelines for horizontal-flow rectangular sedimentation tank design are also provided.

Uploaded by

Jowel Mercado
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

85 WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT ENGINEERING


HOMEWORK 4

Question 1 (5 points)
A suspension of three sizes of spherical particles is to be filtered at a rate of 15 m/hr through
a 60-cm rapid sand filter. The bed sand has a diameter of 0.5 mm and a porosity of 0.4.
Particle counting indicates that there are 5, 25, and 125 mg/L each of 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0-
micron diameter particles, respectively. The particles have a density of 1.05 g/cm3. The
water temperature is 25C.

a. Assuming discrete particle settling, determine the single collector efficiency, η, for
each particle size using the theoretical model of Yao et al. (1971) as given in the
notes for Lecture 7. (2 points)
b. If the attachment efficiency, α, is 0.2, what is the concentration of each particle after
the water passes through the filter bed? (2 points)
c. If the attachment efficiency, α, is 1.0, what is the concentration of each particle after
the water passes through the filter bed? (1 point)

Question 2 (5 points)
Design a sedimentation treatment system for a raw water with the following characteristics:

Maximum daily flow = 4 m3/s


Average daily flow = 3 m3/s
Coagulant = alum
Settling velocity for floc = 3.2 m/hr
Your design should be for a horizontal-flow rectangular basin with a chain and scraper
sludge removal system. You can assume a dynamic viscosity for water of 0.00131
kg/m-s and a density of 999.7 kg/m3. You should specify the number of sedimentation
basins, the basin dimensions, and the basin overflow rate and hydraulic residence time.
Sludge scrapers come in a standard 6-meter length, so your basin width should be in
increments of 6 meters. Design guidelines for horizontal-flow rectangular tanks are
excerpted below from MWH (2005):
Parameter Units Value
Minimum number of tanks* Unitless 2
Water depth Meters 3 to 5
Minimum length-to-depth ratio Unitless 15:1
Width-to-depth ratio Unitless 3:1 to 6:1
Minimum length-to-width ratio Unitless 4:1 to 5:1
Overflow rate m/hr 1.25 to 2.5
Horizontal mean-flow velocity = Vf m/min 0.3 to 1.1
Detention time hr 1.5 to 4
Outlet weir loading rate m3/m-hr 9 to 13
* Number of tanks should be sufficient to allow one tank to be taken off-line for maintenance without
causing overloading of remaining tank(s).

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