CHRIST’S SERVANTS ACADEMY OF TAGUDIN INC.

Del Pilar, Tagudin, Ilocos Sur

School I. D. # 410523

NAME:________________________________________________ SUBJECT: English 7

ADDRESS:____________________________________________

Module 2:

 Word Stress and International Phonetic Alphabet

 Sentence Fragment
 Using Oral and Written Language

Objectives:
The students should be able to:
a. pronounce the given words with their proper stresses;
b. identify sentence fragments from sentences;
c. make their own paragraph.

I. Introduction
Language is the means which people use to express their thoughts; it is both
oral and written. Oral language is a combination of sounds used to express
thought. The sounds used to express thought are grouped in spoken words. A
spoken word may be a single sound or a group of sounds. The sounds of oral
language are represented by letters to form written language. Words of oral
language have their equivalent words in written language. Single words, whether
oral or written, express ideas. Words must be properly grouped to express
thought. Written language is composed of written words, so combined as to
express thought. The sole purpose of language is to express thought. English
Grammar helps to make known the correct forms of our language.

II. Development
Word Stress
Word Stress in English is one of the most challenging areas for many non-
native speakers. This is mostly because people simply haven’t learnt what they
need to know to master good word stress in English. If you approach improving
English word stress in the right way you will see your English clarity, stress and
rhythm improve.

What is Word Stress in English? Every multi-syllable word in English has one
stressed syllable. This syllable is slightly higher and stronger than other syllables.
Word stress makes the rhythm of English. To speak clearly in English you need to
use correct word stress.
Here are some word stress examples:
 rePORT – the ‘PORT’ is the stressed syllable.
 MEdical – the ME is the stressed syllable.
 eXAMple – the XAM is the stressed syllable.

In English, not every syllable of a word has the same amount of emphasis or
stress. In every English multi-syllable word there are stressed syllables and
unstressed syllables.

There is one stressed syllable in every multi-syllable word in English.

The stressed syllable:
 is slightly higher in pitch (or tone);
 has a full vowel (in unstressed syllables the vowel is often weaker);
 does not change – it is always the same for that particular word (but there
are a few exceptions to this);
 gives a beat when it’s in a sentence.

International Phonetic Alphabet

Below is the International Phonetic Alphabet chart:
 Sentence Fragment
Fragments are incomplete sentences. Usually, fragments are pieces of
sentences that have become disconnected from the main clause. One of the
easiest ways to correct them is to remove the period between the fragment and
the main clause. Other kinds of punctuation may be needed for the newly
combined sentence.
Here is an example of a sentence fragment:
Because of the rain.
On its own, “because of the rain” doesn’t form a complete
thought. It leaves us wondering what happened because of the
rain. To complete it, we need further explanation:
Because of the rain, the party was canceled.
Now the fragment has become a dependent clause attached
to a sentence that has a subject (the party) and a verb (was
canceled). Our thought is complete.

In that example, making the sentence longer was the solution. But that doesn’t mean that
short sentences can’t be complete. This teensy sentence is complete:

I ran.

I ran may be a short thought, but it has a subject (I) and a verb (ran). Nothing in the
sentence demands further explanation. Another famous example of a short-but-complete
sentence is “Jesus wept.”

III. Engagement
Activity 1 (30 points)
Direction: Underline the stressed syllable from the capitalized words below and
take a video of yourself while reading the given sentences with proper word
stresses.

1. There was a political PROTEST going on in the street. Someone said they had
to PROTEST about the oil-price-hike.
2. She always keeps a RECORD of what she spends every month because it’s
important to RECORD how much you’re spending.
3. Dishonesty is a common ATTRIBUTE of politicians. That quote is ATTRIBUTED
to Winston Churchill.

Activity 2 (10 points)

Direction: Of the three sentences in each group, select the one that is NOT a
sentence fragment. Encircle the correct answer.

1. A. Mrs. Blanco gone to visit her mother at the hospital.

B. Finding a parking space there is usually easy during the week.
C. Driving in the city during the evening rush hour.

2. A. To apply for a job at the new store in the mall.

B. Asking the interviewer how often he would have to work on weekends.
C. Shaking his new boss's hand, Tony knew he would like working there.

3. A. By the time Frances found out how expensive the wallpapering job would be.
B. After getting estimates from five contractors, she decided to do the work
herself.
 C. Before picking out an interesting wallpaper pattern that went well with her
furniture.

4. A. Who borrowed Stefanie's car Saturday night.

B. The nineteen-year-old car looked out of place next to the new models.
C. Which the salesman was surprised to find in such good shape.

5. A. While waiting for her neighbor to move the car that blocked the driveway.
B. To avoid hitting the other car, Michael had to back across the corner of the
lawn.
C. By making sure that no one will park across the driveway again.

6. A. Because Manuel was sure he had heard the same strange story many
months ago.
B. Although I will never forget how cold we were when we lost our heat last
winter.
C. Since Anna wasn't at the meeting, I took notes so that she wouldn't miss
anything.

7. A. When my cousin moved to Troy, New York, after he finished school.

B. After he went to all the trouble of fixing up his apartment.
C. While living there, he made very few friends.

8. A. My brother has been running a charter fishing boat for five years.
B. Many of his customers coming back three or four times over the summer.
C. His business been so busy that he has very little time for anything else.

9. A. In the hiding place that Carl had been using for years to get away from the
noisy house.
B. By the time that everyone had quieted down, my favorite television show was
over.
C. Before planning another family get-together at the already crowded park.

10. A. Although I knew she might wear something outrageous, I was still
shocked by her dress.
B. Because she didn't want to tell where she had bought the strange outfit.
C. When we finally heard that she had made the dress herself.

Activity 3 (20 points)

Direction: You have read the Kinds of Writing in your textbook (page 25-26). Choose
one and make a paragraph in any topic of your choice (minimum of 80 words).

Chosen kind of writing: ____________________________________________________________

Paragraph:
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
 ____________________________________________________________________________________
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IV. Additional Activities

Answer the following exercises on your book:
 Pages 17 to 18 (A and B)
 Page 21 (A only)
 Pages 22 to 24 (A and B)
 Pages 27 to 29 (A only)

V. References
Textbook/s:
Tagay, Lourna V. (Ph.D.), Brutas, Ma. Luisa Z. (Ma Ed), Esteban-Basa, Maria
Majan R. (PH.D.) 2019. Journeying Through Literature and Language with
Philippine Literary Texts: Salesiana Books by Don Bosco Press Inc.

Online Source/s:
https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=quiz-on-sentence-
fragments

https://www.google.com/search?
q=IPA+chart&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZ-
qatoe3rAhXEG6YKHXsjAvAQ_AUoAXoECBAQAw&biw=1920&bih=947#imgrc=1eF
oH6AmoGm8sM

https://www.google.com/search?
q=IPA+chart&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZ-
qatoe3rAhXEG6YKHXsjAvAQ_AUoAXoECBAQAw&biw=1920&bih=947#imgrc=C_S
6FgFnVPzleM

Prepared by:
Ms. Kristela Mae G. Manlongat
Subject Teacher

Approved by:
Mr. Numeriano Benitez Jr. Ret. M.T. II
Principal