Installation

An Industry Guide to the Correct

Installation of Windows and Doors
 Background Acknowledgments

Objective
Foreword
Industry Guide Objective
The Australian Window Association is pleased to produce this Industry Guide for
the Installation of Windows and Doors as part of its commitment to raising the This Industry Guide to the Installation of Windows and Doors sets out to
standard of the built performance of windows and doors in Australia. provide the basic handling and installation instruction for windows and doors
in residential buildings. By providing this resource as an instruction guide
Australian Window Association it is hoped that windows and doors supplied to residential building remain
valuable and easy to install and maintain during the construction process.
The AWA is a co-operative of window manufacturers and their suppliers.

The Australian Window Association (AWA) aims are:

Acknowledgment
• To promote and advance the awareness of windows as a major architectural
component in building design. The AWA gratefully acknowledges those member companies whose
contribution of materials and continued support to the AWA Technical
• To establish and self regulate minimum benchmark standards throughout Committee and its sub committees have made this guide possible.
Australia. To facilitate the education and marketing of these standards
throughout the industry and wider community. The AWA specially acknowledges Mr Ian White who is the Executive
Manager of Dispute Management Division for the Queensland Building
• To provide a national voice when representing the industry in discussion and Services Authority. Ian set the Association the challenge to produce this
negotiations with government, local authorities, business and trade associations installation guide.
and organisations, and the private sector.
This booklet was designed and printed by Azuma Design
• To promote and encourage ethical conduct and sound business practice in
the industry.

Disclaimer

While the AWA has made every effort to ensure that the material within this
guide is accurate, the Australian Window Association will not be liable for any
mistakes, errors or omissions arising as a result of information contained in
this guide.

AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors
 Contents Contents

Responsibilities 2 Timber Door Installation 24

Extract from Appendix D AS2047 2 Brick Veneer Applications 24
Methods of identifying windows that comply to AS2047 2 Cavity Brick Applications 25
The Building Code of Australia 3 Timber Frame Applications 26
Installation 3 Concrete Block Applications 27
Certificate 4
Pre-installation care of windows 5 uPVC Window Installation 28
Factors that contribute to installation problems 5 Brick Veneer Applications 28
Cavity Brick Applications 29
Pre-Installation Care 5 Timber Frame Applications 30
Concrete Block Applications 31
Installing Frames Correctly 7
uPVC Door Installation 32
Flashing 9 Brick Veneer Applications 32
General 9 Cavity Brick Applications 33
Jamb Flashing 9 Timber Frame Applications 34
Head Flashing 9 Concrete Block Applications 35
Sill Flashing 10
Special Care 10 AWA Wind Rating Chart 36

Aluminium Window Installation 12 Post Installation Care 37
Brick Veneer Applications 12 Soiling 37
Cavity Brick Applications 13 Door Tracks and Sills 37
Timber Frame Applications 14 Acid Spills 37
Concrete Block Applications 15 Use of Hose 37
Glass Care 37
Aluminium Door Installation 16
Brick Veneer Applications 16 Further Information 39
Cavity Brick Applications 17
Timber Frame Applications 18
Concrete Block Applications 19

Timber Window Installation 20

Brick Veneer Applications 20
Cavity Brick Applications 21
Timber Frame Applications 22
Concrete Block Applications 23

AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors
 Responsibilities Responsibilities

Extract from Appendix D AS2047

The Building Code of Australia
1. For housing and other residential buildings the purchaser
(building designer or builder) should nominate the window The Building Code of Australia (BCA) is produced and maintained by the
rating (N or C) when ordering the window assemblies.
Australian Building Codes Board (ABCB) on behalf of the Australian
2. For other buildings the purchaser should nominate the Government and each State and Territory Government.
design wind pressures for the window assemblies when
ordering the windows. The BCA is a uniform set of technical provisions for the design and
construction of buildings and other structures throughout Australia. It allows
3. The manufacturer of window assemblies should verify the for variations in climate and geological or geographic conditions.
window rating or design wind pressures.

Under part 3.0, section 3.6.0. of the BCA, performance requirements (P2.1 &
Methods of identifying windows that comply to AS2047
P2.2.2) are satisfied if windows are designed and constructed in accordance
Labelling with AS2047. For glazed assemblies not covered by AS2047 compliance to
AS1288 is required.
The label should be positioned so that the window can be identified when
viewed in situ and have the following information marked on the frame: AS2047 - Windows in buildings: Selection and Installation
a. Housing: AS1288 - Glass in buildings: Selection and Installation
1. Manufacturer’s indentification mark.
2. Window rating and water penetration resistance.

b. Residential other than housing: Installation

1. Manufacturer’s identification mark.
2. Serviceability limit state residential ratings. At all times manufacturer’s installation instructions will be the
3. Ultimate limit state residential ratings. predominant procedure for the installation of proprietary windows.
4. Water penetration resistance.
Installers should ensure that manufacturer’s instructions are adopted.
c. Commercial:
1. Manufacturer’s identification mark. The practices outlined in this guide are not intended to supersede
2. Serviceability limit state commercial ratings. manufacturer’s instructions but provide basic and generic guidelines in
3. Ultimate limit state commercial ratings. the absence of such.
4. Water penetration resistance.
Approved PPE (personal protective eqiupment) should be worn at all times
Below is an example of labelling when handling windows.

xyz Special consideration needs to be made for window and door systems
This manufacturer certifies that this
AWA product was designed to confrom
DESIGN
PERFORMANCE
with AS2047. The design perfor-
mance has been verified by a NATA 700 designed specifically for acoustics and energy efficiency and reference
accredited test laboratory. This
AUSTRALIAN
WINDOW
manufacturer is a member of the C O M PANY
Structural
Water Resistance
Pa must be made to building designer or installer for installation details.
ASSOCIATION AWA Accreditation Program ACCREDITED MEMBER No. AWA XXX 150

 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 
 Responsibilities Pre-Installation Care

Certificate Pre-installation care of windows

Windows should be stored in a clean, dry area away from cement, lime, paint,
A certificate, indicating the window rating can be provided for window
assemblies. The manufacturer of the window assembly would normally acid etc. and must be protected from building materials and loose debris such
provide this certificate. as wet plaster, mortar, paint and welding splatter.

• Store in a dry location, under cover where possible, to protect against

Below is an example of a certificate damage

• Carry windows in the verticle position with sashes locked

• Do not rack frames out of square










• Prevent exposure to moisture particularly pooling and ponding

• Do not remove bands from double hung windows until after installation


 
  
• Do not remove corner braces until after installation.
XYZ COMPANY
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smothered or missing weep holes, or the loss of continuity in the water barrier
are the prime cause of leaks in window assemblies.

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• Severity of exposure to wind is the most important factor in the
specification and installation of windows and doors in openings.
Components and installation practices acceptable in sheltered













































!CCREDITATION.O
4HISINSPECTIONSERVICEISACCREDITEDBYTHE.ATIONAL!SSOCIATION
situations may quickly fail when exposed to the full force of the wind
OF4ESTING!UTHORITIES!USTRALIA4HESERVICESREPORTEDHEREIN
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 and rain.

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• Follow the window manufacturer’s installation specification for the
appropriate Terrain Category and height of building; many






 

 manufacturers’ brochures provide information for sheltered buildings no
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more than one storey high.
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 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 
 Installing Frames
Pre-Installation Care
Correctly

1. Fit flashing to window surround as required.

2. Measure the frame opening to ensure that there is sufficient room for
the product and additional packing.

Stud Opening:
Height= O/A reveal size + adequate clearance
Width= O/A reveal size + adequate clearance

Clearance dimensions vary between manufacturer’s products. For adequate
clearance refer to window manufacturer’s instruction

3. Frame must be packed plumb, square and not twisted between the
openings. Ensure the sill is fully supported; failure to do so may result
Handle and stack frames carefully on site. Stand them upright on their sills (bottom in sill roll on sliding windows. Sills on all windows and doors must be
of the window as installed), raised off the ground on pieces of timber or bricks. Stand straight and level and should be packed and secured.
them against a flat, vertical surface such as a shed and tie firmly in position.
4. Secure aluminum windows by nailing through reveal in brick veneer
applications. Timber windows should be secured by back nailing
through stud, not face of frame stud. Alternatively, on cavity brick
construction use galvanized building lugs located at 450mm maximum
centres.

5. If it is not possible to backnail, wedges should be installed between the

window and the building frame to prevent opening of the frame joints when
nailing is carried out.

6. Keep sashes closed whilst installing frames.

7. Sill bricks should be at least 10 mm clear of window frame to allow

settlement in brick veneer construction.

Do not lean windows against a tree or post as they are subject to permanent damage 8. Do not stand on the windows or doors, or use them as a support for
until installed into the building envelope. If the site is bare, lay frames flat on top of scaffolding, or slide material through the frame. It is important to
each other with weight evenly distributed to avoid buckling and distortion. prevent any damage to windows and doors during construction.

9. Do not permit weight of eaves or arch bars to bear on any window or door
frame. (Windows and doors are not load bearing)

10. Remove cement mortar and plaster droppings from windows

immediately, taking care to avoid scratching glass and, or frames, as
permanent damage can result. Immediate attention must be given by
washing off with water before material sets.
 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 
 Installing Frames
Flashing
Correctly

General
11. To ensure the satisfactory long term performance of sliding doors, the sill should
be fully supported. Where the sill projects during construction the sill should be
fully supported with temporary supports until sill bricks or tiles are installed. It is the builder’s responsibility to ensure that windows and doors are
installed in such a way that water does not penetrate from the outer skin to
the inner skin of the building envelope. The extent of the flashing required
will depend on local weather conditions. In some instances only sill flashings
may be required. In others jamb and head flashing may be required. For
further information please refer to the relevant sections of the B.C.A.

Spirit Level Building in Fixings or Lugs equally spaced Check Measurements

Jamb Flashing

• Required in high wind locations to ensure that water which

Check enters between the window jamb and the outer skin is drained to
Measurements
the sill flashing.
Ensure jambs are
plumb and straight Jamb • Where jamb flashing overlaps sill flashing, the overlap should
before fixing extend the full depth of the sill flashing.

Wedge Head Flashing

Structual Members at these
points
• Provided to stop water wetting the inner skin by bridging across
F
the window or door head.

• Provided above any wall penetrations not specifically designed to

stop water reaching the inner skin, ie; exhaust fans and ventilation
Jamb ducts.
F F
• Must project horizontally a minimum of 150mm both sides past
Structual Member the opening.

• Must be of approved materials to AS2904 and bonded at laps.

Ensure packer or support
under structual members
Sill • Must be provided with weep holes to let the water out.
Spirit Level
(ensure sill is level by packing)

* Fix via building lugs, nails or shim at equally spaced arrow points.

 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 
 Flashing Flashing

Head flashing built min. 30

mm into the inner leaf
Sill Flashing

• Provided to stop water entering across underside of the window Weepholes at not more
and wetting the inner skin. Head flashing turned than 1.2 m centres
up not less than 150 mm,
• The window generates run off in down pours and sill flashing stops fixed to frame and turned
this water being blown across the cavity under the window. into angle lintel Head flashing built 30 mm
into the inner leaf and turned
into angle lintel
• Some windows have drain holes which also direct water
downwards into the cavity. The sill flashing also collects water Weepholes at not more
which runs down the jamb flashing. than 1.2 m centres

• Must project a minimum of 150mm both sides past the opening.

• Must be of approved materials to AS2904 and bonded at laps.

• The brickwork must be provided with weep holes to let the water
out. Sill flashing
Alternative position
Special Care for sill flashing and
weepholes
• Special care is required on windows with undersill drainage used in Weepholes at not
a non cavity situation such as single skin block work. more than 1.2 m
centres
• Where a subsill is used stop ends must be fitted and sealed. (a) Masonry veneer (b) Cavity masonry

Under sill flashing Stud

Flashing

Bottom trimmer
(c) Weatherboard
Window head Window sill

10 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 11
 Aluminium Window Aluminium Window
Installation Installation

Brick Veneer Applications Cavity Brick Applications

IMPORTANT Ensure building loads do not bear on window WINDOW JAMB FITTED IMPORTANT Ensure building loads do not bear on window INSIDE COURSE
TO TIMBER REVEAL
INSIDE LINING

BRICK
VENEER INSIDE OUTSIDE INSIDE
STUD
LINING FRAME COURSE COURSE
NAIL AT EVEN
SPACING FLASHING GOES JAMB
FLASHING GOES BEHIND FIXING FIN
BEHIND FIXING FIN
JAMB

10mm
CLEARANCE BUILDING
HEAD FLASHING HEAD
GOES OVER JAMB IN TIE
OUTSIDE SKIN
HEAD
FLASHING AND HEAD WINDOW HEAD FITTED HEAD FLASHING LINTEL BARS PINCH
(BY OTHERS) TO TIMBER REVEAL SEAL GOES OVER JAMB WINDOW HEAD
FLASHING AND HEAD FIXING FIN OUTSIDE COURSE
BRICK VENEER HEAD (BY OTHERS)
BRICK VENEER JAMB
CAVITY BRICK HEAD CAVITY BRICK JAMB (1)
SILL FLASHING GOES BEHIND
SILL FIXING FIN AND AT LEAST SILL FLASHING GOES INSIDE COURSE
10mm min CLEARANCE 3 BRICK COURSES DOWN. WEEP
BEHIND SILL FIXING FIN
HERE MANDA TOR Y AND AT LEAST 3 BRICK
HOLES SHOULD BE ABOVE
COURSES DOWN SILL
SILL FLASHING.
WEEP HOLES ABOVE
REVEAL FLASHING INSIDE

CK
BRI K
SI L L B R IC
SI L L FLASHING GOES JAMB
PACKER BEHIND FIXING FIN

STUD
FRAME
BRICK BUILDING
VENEER
OUTSIDE INSIDE IN TIE
INSIDE
LINING COURSE COURSE
OUTSIDE COURSE
BRICK VENEER SILL
CAVITY BRICK SILL CAVITY BRICK JAMB (2)

12 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 13
 Aluminium Window Aluminium Window
Installation Installation

Timber Frame Applications Concrete Block Applications

WINDOW JAMB FIXED SEALANT

TO TIMBER REVEAL
INSIDE INSIDE LINING
OUTSIDE LINING
CLADDING OUTSIDE JAMB
STUD
FRAME
FLASHING
10mm JAMB
CLEARANCE
OUTSIDE CLADDING
HEAD SEALANT
HEAD FLASHING HEAD IMPERVIOUS COATING
GOES OVER JAMB WINDOW HEAD PACKER IMPERVIOUS COATING (TANKING) APPLIED TO OPENING
FLASHING AND HEAD FIXED TO TIMBER (TANKING) APPLIED TO OPENING FIXING BEFORE FIXING WINDOW
REVEAL BEFORE FIXING WINDOW
(BY OTHERS)
TIMBER FRAME HEAD TIMBER FRAME JAMB
CONCRETE BLOCK HEAD CONCRETE BLOCK JAMB
DO NOT BLOCK FIXING SET IN SEALANT
WINDOW SILL FIXED DRAINAGE HOLES AND SEALED OVER HEAD
SILL TO TIMBER REVEAL (EG. RENDER,TILES, OF FIXING
ECT)
SILL
IMPERVIOUS COATING SILL
(TANKING) APPLIED SEALANT
TO OPENING BEFORE
FIXING WINDOW
(BY OTHERS)
PACKER INSIDE
OUTSIDE
CLADDING

STUD INSIDE
FRAME LINING

SILL FLASHING

TIMBER FRAME SILL CONCRETE BLOCK SILL

14 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 15
 Aluminium Door Aluminium Door
Installation Installation

Brick Veneer Applications Cavity Brick Applications

IMPORTANT Ensure building loads do not bear on door DOOR JAMB FITTED IMPORTANT Ensure building loads do not bear on door INSIDE SKIN
TO TIMBER REVEAL

INSIDE LINING

INSIDE
BRICK STUD
LINING OUTSIDE INSIDE
VENEER FRAME
COURSE COURSE
FLASHING GOES JAMB
JAMB
BEHIND FIXING FIN
FLASHING GOES
BEHIND FIXING FIN

BUILDING
10mm
HEAD FLASHING IN TIE
GOES OVER JAMB CLEARANCE
FLASHING AND HEAD DOOR HEAD FITTED HEAD FLASHING
HEAD (BY OTHERS) OUTSIDE SKIN GOES OVER JAMB HEAD OUTSIDE SKIN
TO TIMBER REVEAL LINTEL BARS PINCH
FLASHING AND DOOR FIXING FIN

BRICK VENEER HEAD BRICK VENEER JAMB CAVITY BRICK HEAD CAVITY BRICK JAMB

PACK SILL TO LEVEL SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING

SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING WHERE REQUIRED AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT
AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT (TO REINSTATE FLASHING)
(TO REINSTATE FLASHING) FLASHING
FLASHING (MANDATORY)
(MANDATORY) SILL
SILL (BY OTHERS)
OUTSIDE
OUTSIDE INSIDE FLOOR

PACK SILL WHERE

REQUIRED TO LEVEL
IMPORTANT IMPORTANT
Separate the sill and outside brick skin with an isolator to Separate the sill and outside brick skin with an isolator to
prevent possible reaction between brick / mortar and the aluminium prevent possible reaction between brick / mortar and the aluminium
framing which can lead to extensive corrosion. framing which can lead to extensive corrosion.
Sill must be level side to side and front to
Sill must be level side to side and front to back, and fully supported at all times
back, and fully supported at all times

BRICK VENEER SILL CAVITY BRICK SILL

16 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 17
 Aluminium Door Aluminium Door
Installation Installation

Timber Frame Applications Concrete Block Applications

DOOR JAMB FITTED INSIDE SEALANT

TO TIMBER REVEAL
OUTSIDE INSIDE
CLADDING CLADDING INSIDE LINING
OUTSIDE INSIDE

JAMB
STUD
FRAME
10mm JAMB
FLASHING
CLEARANCE
OUTSIDE
SEALANT IMPERVIOUS COATING
OUTSIDE CLADDING IMPERVIOUS COATING (TANKING) APPLIED TO
HEAD FLASHING
GOES OVER JAMB HEAD DOOR HEAD FITTED (TANKING) APPLIED TO OPENING BEFORE FIXING
FLASHING AND TO TIMBER REVEAL PACKER OPENING BEFORE FIXING DOOR (BY OTHERS)
HEAD DOOR (BY OTHERS)
TIMBER FRAME HEAD CONCRETE BLOCK HEAD CONCRETE BLOCK JAMB
TIMBER FRAME JAMB

SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING

AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT (TO SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING FLASHING OR
AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT (TO WA TERPROOF
REINSTATE FLASHING) REINSTATE WATERPROOFING)
FLASHING TANKING
UNDER DOOR
(MANDATORY)
SILL SEALANT

OUTSIDE SILL
INSIDE FLOOR
OUTSIDE

SILL
SUPPORTED

W.P. RENDER
JOIST (TYPICAL) OR TILES
REBATE IN EDGE OF
CONCRETE SLAB

TIMBER FRAME SILL CONCRETE BLOCK SILL

18 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 19
 Timber Window Timber Window
Installation Installation

Brick Veneer Applications Cavity Brick Applications

IMPORTANT Ensure building loads do not bear on window IMPORTANT Ensure building loads do not bear on window INSIDE COURSE
ARCHITRAVE
INSIDE LINING

BRICK
VENEER INSIDE STUD OUTSIDE INSIDE
LINING FRAME JAMB COURSE COURSE
JAMB
FLASHING
10 mm clearance
Packing by Builder
PACKER
20mm
HEAD
HEAD CLEARANCE
HEAD FLASHING
GOES OVER JAMB
FLASHING AND HEAD WINDOW HEAD FITTED Storm Mould
TO TIMBER REVEAL OUTSIDE SKIN STORM MOULD OUTSIDE COURSE

BRICK VENEER HEAD BRICK VENEER JAMB CAVITY BRICK HEAD CAVITY BRICK JAMB
SILL FLASHING GOES BEHIND SILL FIXING FIN
AND AT LEAST 3 BRICK COURSES DOWN
10mm min CLEARANCE (LAP IF NECESSARY) WEEP HOLES ABOVE
HERE MANDATORY SILL FLASHING FLASHING
SILL ARCHITRAVE 10mm min CLEARANCE SILL
HERE MANDATORY

INSIDE
K
B R IC
SILL
PACKER K
B R IC
SI L L

STUD
FRAME
BRICK REBATE IN EDGE OF
VENEER INSIDE CONCRETE SLAB
LINING
OUTSIDE INSIDE
COURSE COURSE
BRICK VENEER SILL
CAVITY BRICK SILL

20 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 21
 Timber Window Timber Window
Installation Installation

Timber Frame Applications Concrete Block Applications

SEALANT
WINDOW JAMB FIXED
INSIDE TO TIMBER REVEAL
OUTSIDE LINING
INSIDE LINING OUTSIDE
CLADDING
JAMB

STUD
10mm FRAME
CLEARANCE
FLASHING
JAMB SEALANT
HEAD
IMPERVIOUS COATING HEAD IMPERVIOUS COATING
WINDOW HEAD (TANKING) APPLIED TO OPENING
HEAD FLASHING FIXED TO TIMBER (TANKING) APPLIED TO OPENING
OUTSIDE CLADDING BEFORE FIXING WINDOW BEFORE FIXING WINDOW
GOES OVER JAMB REVEAL
FLASHING AND HEAD (BY OTHERS)

TIMBER FRAME HEAD TIMBER FRAME JAMB CONCRETE BLOCK HEAD CONCRETE BLOCK JAMB

FIXING SET IN SEALANT

AND SEALED OVER HEAD
OF FIXING
SILL IMPERVIOUS COATING
(TANKING) APPLIED SILL
TO OPENING BEFORE
FIXING WINDOW
(BY OTHERS) SEALANT

OUTSIDE INSIDE
CLADDING

STUD INSIDE
FRAME LINING

SILL FLASHING

TIMBER FRAME SILL CONCRETE BLOCK SILL

22 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 23
 Timber Door Timber Door
Installation Installation

Brick Veneer Applications Cavity Brick Applications

IMPOR TANT Ensure building loads do not bear on door IMPOR TANT Ensure building loads do not bear on door INSIDE SKIN
INSIDE LINING

INSIDE
BRICK STUD
LINING
VENEER FRAME JAMB OUTSIDE INSIDE
COURSE COURSE
FLASHING GOES JAMB
FLASHING GOES BEHIND FIXING FIN
BEHIND FIXING FIN (BY OTHERS)

HEAD FLASHING 10mm BUILDING

GOES OVER JAMB CLEARANCE
IN TIE
FLASHING AND
HEAD (BY OTHERS) HEAD FLASHING
HEAD OUTSIDE SKIN GOES OVER JAMB LINTEL BARS PINCH
HEAD OUTSIDE SKIN
FLASHING AND DOOR FIXING FIN
HEAD
BRICK VENEER HEAD BRICK VENEER JAMB CAVITY BRICK HEAD CAVITY BRICK JAMB

SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING

AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT
(TO REINSTATE FLASHING) (TO REINSTATE FLASHING)
FLASHING FLASHING
(MANDATORY) (MANDATORY)
SILL (BY OTHERS) SILL
(BY OTHERS)

OUTSIDE OUTSIDE
INSIDE FLOOR

IMPORTANT
IMPOR TANT
Separate the sill and outside brick skin with an isolator to Separate the sill and outside brick skin with an isolator to
prevent possible reaction between brick / mortar and the aluminium prevent possible reaction between brick / mortar and the aluminium
framing which can lead to extensive corrosion. framing which can lead to extensive corrosion.

Sill must be level side to side and front to Sill must be level side to side and front to
back, and fully supported at all times back, and fully supported at all times

BRICK VENEER SILL CAVITY BRICK SILL

24 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 25
 Timber Door Timber Door
Installation Installation

Timber Frame Applications Concrete Block Applications

INSIDE SEALANT
PACKER
OUTSIDE INSIDE INSIDE LINING
CLADDING CLADDING
OUTSIDE INSIDE

STUD JAMB
FRAME
JAMB
FLASHING
10mm
HEAD FLASHING CLEARANCE
GOES OVER JAMB OUTSIDE
FLASHING AND OUTSIDE CLADDING SEALANT IMPERVIOUS COATING
HEAD (BY OTHERS) IMPERVIOUS COATING (TANKING) APPLIED TO
HEAD PACKER (TANKING) APPLIED TO OPENING BEFORE FIXING
OPENING BEFORE FIXING DOOR (BY OTHERS)
DOOR

TIMBER FRAME HEAD TIMBER FRAME JAMB CONCRETE BLOCK HEAD CONCRETE BLOCK JAMB
SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING
AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT (TO SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING FLASHING OR
REINSTATE FLASHING) AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT (TO WA TERPROOF
FLASHING REINSTATE WATERPROOFING) TANKING
(MANDATORY) UNDER DOOR
SILL
(BY OTHERS) SEALANT
OUTSIDE SILL

INSIDE FLOOR
OUTSIDE

SILL
SUPPORTED

W.P. RENDER
JOIST (TYPICAL) OR TILES
REBATE IN EDGE OF
CONCRETE SLAB

TIMBER FRAME SILL CONCRETE BLOCK SILL

26 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 27
 uPVC Window uPVC Window
Installation Installation

Brick Veneer Applications Cavity Brick Applications

WINDOW JAMB FITTED IMPOR TANT Ensure building loads do not bear on window • FOR ALTERNATE DETAIL WITH NO BRICK RETURN AND
IMPOR TANT Ensure building loads do not bear on window TO TIMBER REVEAL USING A CAVITY ADAPTOR REFER TO 245 SERIES CAVITY
BRICK JAMB INSTALLATION DETAIL
INSIDE LINING
INSIDE COURSE
BRICK
VENEER INSIDE STUD OUTSIDE INSIDE
LINING FRAME COURSE COURSE

FLASHING GOES JAMB

FLASHING GOES BEHIND FIXING FIN
BEHIND FIXING FIN JAMB

10mm
CLEARANCE BUILDING
HEAD FLASHING IN TIE
GOES OVER JAMB
FLASHING AND HEAD HEAD FLASHING LINTEL BARS PINCH
HEAD OUTSIDE SKIN GOES OVER JAMB WINDOW HEAD
(BY OTHERS) OUTSIDE COURSE
FLASHING AND HEAD HEAD FIXING FIN
WINDOW HEAD FITTED (BY OTHERS)
TO TIMBER REVEAL
BRICK VENEER HEAD BRICK VENEER JAMB CAVITY BRICK HEAD CAVITY BRICK JAMB

10mm CLEARANCE SILL FLASHING SILL

HERE MANDATORY SILL SILL FLASHING GOES
(SEE CAVITY SILL FOR
FLASHING NOTE) BEHIND SILL FIXING FIN
AND AT LEAST 3 BRICK
COURSES DOWN
REVEAL (LAP IF NECESSARY)
WEEP HOLES ABOVE INSIDE
FLASHING

BR ICK
SI L L K
B R IC
SI L L
INSIDE
LINING
STUD
FRAME REBATE IN EDGE OF
BRICK CONCRETE SLAB
VENEER
OUTSIDE INSIDE
COURSE COURSE

BRICK VENEER SILL

CAVITY BRICK SILL

28 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 29
 uPVC Window uPVC Window
Installation Installation

Timber Frame Applications Concrete Block Applications

SEALANT
WINDOW JAMB FIXED
TO TIMBER REVEAL
INSIDE INSIDE LINING
OUTSIDE LINING OUTSIDE JAMB
CLADDING
STUD
FRAME
FLASHING
10mm
CLEARANCE
SEALANT
OUTSIDE CLADDING JAMB IMPERVIOUS COATING
IMPERVIOUS COATING
HEAD FLASHING (TANKING) APPLIED TO OPENING
GOES OVER JAMB WINDOW HEAD (TANKING) APPLIED TO OPENING
BEFORE FIXING WINDOW BEFORE FIXING WINDOW
FLASHING AND HEAD FIXED TO TIMBER HEAD (BY OTHERS)
REVEAL (BY OTHERS)
HEAD

TIMBER FRAME HEAD CONCRETE BLOCK HEAD CONCRETE BLOCK JAMB

TIMBER FRAME JAMB

FIXING SET IN SEALANT

SILL AND SEALED OVER HEAD
OF FIXING
WINDOW SILL FIXED IMPERVIOUS COATING
TO TIMBER REVEAL (TANKING) APPLIED
TO OPENING BEFORE SILL
FIXING WINDOW
SILL (BY OTHERS) SEALANT

INSIDE
OUTSIDE
CLADDING

STUD INSIDE
FRAME LINING

SILL FLASHING

CONCRETE BLOCK SILL

TIMBER FRAME SILL

30 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 31
 uPVC Door uPVC Door
Installation Installation

Brick Veneer Applications Cavity Brick Applications

IMPOR TANT Ensure building loads do not bear on door DOOR JAMB FITTED
TO TIMBER REVEAL
INSIDE LINING IMPOR TANT Ensure building loads do not bear on door INSIDE SKIN

INSIDE
BRICK STUD
LINING
VENEER FRAME
OUTSIDE INSIDE
COURSE COURSE

FLASHING GOES FLASHING GOES

BEHIND FIXING FIN BEHIND FIXING FIN
(BY OTHERS) JAMB

HEAD FLASHING 10mm

GOES OVER JAMB CLEARANCE BUILDING
FLASHING AND HEAD JAMB IN TIE
HEAD (BY OTHERS) DOOR HEAD FITTED
OUTSIDE SKIN HEAD FLASHING
TO TIMBER REVEAL GOES OVER JAMB OUTSIDE SKIN
FLASHING AND
BRICK VENEER HEAD BRICK VENEER JAMB HEAD (BY OTHERS) HEAD LINTEL BARS PINCH
DOOR FIXING FIN
CAVITY BRICK HEAD CAVITY BRICK JAMB
SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING
AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT
(TO REINSTATE FLASHING)
FLASHING SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING
(MANDATORY) AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT
(BY OTHERS) (TO REINSTATE FLASHING)
SILL FLASHING
SILL (MANDATORY)
OUTSIDE (BY OTHERS)

OUTSIDE
INSIDE FLOOR

IMPORTANT
Separate the sill and outside brick skin with an isolator to
prevent possible reaction between brick / mortar and the aluminium IMPORTANT
framing which can lead to extensive corrosion. Separate the sill and outside brick skin with an isolator to
prevent possible reaction between brick / mortar and the aluminium
Sill must be level side to side and front to framing which can lead to extensive corrosion.
back, and fully supported at all times
Sill must be level side to side and front to
BRICK VENEER SILL back, and fully supported at all times

CAVITY BRICK SILL

32 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 33
 uPVC Door uPVC Door
Installation Installation

Concrete Block Applications

Timber Frame Applications

INSIDE SEALANT

DOOR JAMB FITTED

TO TIMBER REVEAL
OUTSIDE INSIDE
CLADDING CLADDING INSIDE LINING
OUTSIDE INSIDE

STUD JAMB
FRAME
10mm
CLEARANCE FLASHING
JAMB OUTSIDE
HEAD FLASHING
GOES OVER JAMB IMPERVIOUS COATING
OUTSIDE CLADDING (TANKING) APPLIED TO
FLASHING AND SEALANT
HEAD (BY OTHERS) DOOR HEAD FITTED IMPERVIOUS COATING OPENING BEFORE FIXING
TO TIMBER REVEAL (TANKING) APPLIED TO DOOR (BY OTHERS)
OPENING BEFORE FIXING
HEAD DOOR (BY OTHERS)
TIMBER FRAME HEAD TIMBER FRAME JAMB CONCRETE BLOCK HEAD CONCRETE BLOCK JAMB

SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING FLASHING OR

SEALANT OVER HEAD OF FIXING AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT (TO
AND SET FIXING IN SEALANT (TO WATERPROOF
REINSTATE WATERPROOFING) TANKING
REINSTATE FLASHING)
FLASHING UNDER DOOR
(MANDATORY) SEALANT
SILL
(BY OTHERS)
OUTSIDE SILL
INSIDE FLOOR
OUTSIDE

SILL
SUPPORTED

JOIST (TYPICAL)
W.P. RENDER
OR TILES
REBATE IN EDGE OF
CONCRETE SLAB

TIMBER FRAME SILL CONCRETE BLOCK SILL

34 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 35
 AWA Wind Rating Post Installation Care
Chart

Soiling:
STATIC PRESSURES QUICK CONVERSION CHART
Pascals m/s Km/h mm H2O MPH PSF If removal of debris is delayed and scraping becomes neces­sary the finish may be
75 11.18 40.25 7.65 25.01 1.56 damaged. Remove cement, mortar and other droppings immediately, using ample
100 12.91 46.48 10.20 28.88 2.08
clean water and a sponge or rag to avoid permanent staining of finished surfaces.
150 15.81 56.92 15.30 35.36 3.13
200 18.26 65.73 20.40 40.84 4.17
250 20.41 73.48 25.50 45.88 5.22
300 22.36 80.50 30.60 50.02 6.26 Door Tracks and Sills:
400 25.82 92.95 40.80 57.75 8.35
500 28.87 103.92 51.00 64.75 10.44
600 31.62 113.84 61.20 70.73 12.53 Door tracks and window sills should be protected from planks, scaffolding ard
700 34.16 122.69 71.40 76.23 14.62 barrows.
800 36.51 131.45 81.60 81.67 16.71
900 38.73 139.43 91.80 86.63 18.80 Acid Spills:
1000 40.82 146.97 102.00 91.32 20.89
1100 42.82 154.14 112.20 95.77 22.97
1200 44.72 161.00 122.40 100.04 25.06 Acid used for cleaning brickwork MUST be prevented from making contact with
1300 46.55 167.57 132.60 104.12 27.15 powdercoated or anodised aluminium windows and door surfaces. If any acid or
1400 48.30 173.90 142.80 108.05 29.24 similar corrosive material does come into contact with window or door surfaces those
1500 50.00 180.00 153.00 111.84 31.33
areas must be washed IMMEDIATELY with large quantities of clean water.
1600 51.64 185.90 163.20 115.51 33.42
1700 53.23 191.62 173.40 119.06 35.51
1800 54.77 197.18 183.60 122.52 37.60
1900 56.27 202.58 193.80 125.87 39.69 Use of Hose
2000 57.74 207.85 204.00 129.15 41.78
2100 59.16 212.98 214.20 132.33 43.86
2200 60.55 218.00 224.40 135.45 45.95 If using a hose or similar apparatus to clean windows and/or doors ensure the hose
2300 61.91 222.90 234.60 138.50 48.04 nozzle/jet fitting is set to a fine spray as shown in the diagram. At NO time should a
2400 63.25 227.68 244.80 141.47 50.13 window or door be hit with a full force of a hose, nozzle/jet setting.
2500 64.55 232.38 255.00 144.39 52.22
3000 70.71 254.56 306.00 158.17 62.67
4000 81.65 293.94 408.00 182.64 83.56 Glass Care
5000 91.29 328.63 510.00 204.20 104.45
6000 1000 360.00 612.00 223.69 125.34 • To clean, simply wipe over the surface with a few drops of methylated
DISCLAIMER: Any advice, recommendation, information, assistance or service provided by the AWA in relation to the above is given spirits on a damp cloth, then polish the surface dry with a lint free cloth.
in good faith and is believed by the parties to be appropriate, but is given without any liability or resp onsibility on the AWA’s behalf.
• Ensure that all cleaning cloths are free from any abrasive surfaces.
• Never remove abrasive materials such as mortar from the glass with a
scraper. (To clean, flood with water and dab with a sponge. Dont scub with
sponge or scratching will occur.)

36 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 37
 Post Installation Care Further Information

Soiling
Australian Aluminium Council
www.aluminium.org.au

Australian Building Codes Board

www.abcb.gov.au

Australian Vinyl Council

www.vinyl.org.au

Australian Window Association

www.awa.org.au
Door tracks & sills
BUILdata - Building Products Information Service
www.buildata.com.au

HIA (Housing Industry Association)

www.buildingonline.com.au

Master Builders Association

www.masterbuilders.com.au

Office of Fair Trading & Home Building Services

www.fairtrading.nsw.gov.au

Cleaning Standards Australia

www.standards.com.au

Timber Development Association

www.timber.net.au

WERS.net - website for the Window Energy Rating Scheme (WERS)

www.wers.net

38 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 AWA - An Industry Guide to the Correct Installation of Windows and Doors © 2006 39
Contact:

Copyright 2006 Australian Window Association