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The usage of e-journals has been increasing now for the students are doing
researches for their requirements. The need for information is manifested. Digital
technology gave birth to the electronic form of the journal or the e-journal.

Nevertheless, the Philippines, regardless being a third world country didn’t show
any incompetence with regards to complying researches and theses. The country was
rather than ready to elevate the standards of the digital publishing technologies.

THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK

The study is anchored on the theory of Selective Exposure. Selective exposure is a

theory within the practice of  psychology, often used in media
and communication research, that historically refers to individuals' tendency to favor
information which reinforces their pre-existing views while
avoiding contradictory information. Selective exposure has also been known and defined
as "congeniality bias" or "confirmation bias" in various texts throughout the years.
(Wikipedia, 2017)

The implication of this theory to the study is that students tend to choose
information that is appropriate to their study. When utilizing e-journal and start scanning
through it, one would probably thought it out already in the back of his/her mind the
information to be used.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The conceptual framework of this study shows the relationship of the independent
and dependent variables. The demographic data of the respondents are the independent
variables that influence the level of awareness of the respondents which is the dependent
variable of this study.
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INDEPENDENT VARIABLES DEPENDENT

VARIABLE
Demographic Data
- Course/Track
- Gender Level of Awareness
- Year level on E-Journals
- Time spent in the library

Fig.1 Schematic diagram showing the interplay of variables

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of

I.1 Course or Track?
I.2 Year Level?
I.3 Gender?
I.4 Time spent in the library?
2. Are the respondents aware of
2.1 E-journals’ existence?
2.2 That the school library provides access to e-journals?
2.3 That E-journals are aid for research?
3. Is there a significant difference in the level of awareness in terms of
3.1 Facts about e-journals ?
3.2 Usage of e-journals?
3.3 E-journals as tool for research?

SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS

The scopes of this study are the students inside the library. They are the respondents
of this study since e-journals are located inside the school library; they have the big
possibility to be aware of the e-journals offered in it. The limitations of the study are the
library staffs since they knew already that the library have it they weren’t covered of the
study and it is only limited on their level of awareness on e-journals.
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HYPOTHESIS

Hypothesis 1: There is no significant difference in the level of awareness about e-journals

among respondents by course, year level, gender and time spent in the library.

Hypothesis 2: There is no significant difference in the level of awareness on usage of e-

journals among respondents by course, year level, gender and time spent in the library.

Hypothesis 3: There is no significant difference in the level of awareness on e-journals as

tool for research among respondents by course, year level, gender and time spent in the
library.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is beneficial to the following:

Teachers. They will continue giving information about other electronic sources
that can be of great help for the research papers of the students.

Library Staffs’. They will recommend e-journals more to students who are just
beginners of research. Through disseminating the information that e-journals can be
accessed in the library, it wouldn’t be a hassle to students.

Students. They will know that e-journals can be a great help to their research
papers.

Future Researchers. They can utilize this study as their reference.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Awareness -

Computer – the means of accessing to e-journals

Course – to know what course are aware of the e-journals and their awareness
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Electronic journals (e-journals) – are journals that are in a digital form or can be read
online and downloaded

Gender – to know who often use the library and the e-journals in the library

Online Journals – accessed with the use of internet connection

ProQuest – an e-journal available in the school library

Time spent – to know how many hours do the respondents allot in using the library

Year level – to know what year level is more aware of e-journals

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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES

Foreign Studies

In this generation wherein technology has been given emphasization, a student

should know what e-journals are. As what (Otu et al., 2015) said one of the most
frequently used electronic resources is the electronic journal and most people have
diverse perceptions as well as impressions of what electronic journals are. According to
(Lancaster, 1995) the term in its very loose definition - any journal existing in an
electronic format. According to (Chan, 1999) the term is often referred to as electronic
publishing, electronic serials, online journals or electronic periodicals. Electronic journals
play a significant part in any academician’s scholarly work and are the most preferential
tools of the trade apart from books. (Tenopir et al., 2003) described the trend of electronic
journals as ‘’ evolutionary process’’ as there has been a gradual increase in the use of
electronic journals. He further posited that e – journals have become an important
information format as they are published, distributed and accessed electronically.

In a study undertaken by (Nazim and Singh, 2008) they analyzed the awareness
and use of online journals by the faculty members, researchers and students in the faculty
of natural sciences and the study found that the majority of users are aware about the
availability of online journals. 60% of respondents want to use online version of journals
whereas a few want to use printed journals. Majority of respondents use online journals
for their research work. 70% of respondents take printout before using online journals. It
was found that users faced problem when using online journals. They are also interested
to take training to use online journals.
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According to Islam and (Chowdhury, 2006) e-journals have been regarded as

important library resources and many libraries all over the world have already replaced
print journals with e-journals. Some of the traditional print antecedents have been
disregarded since libraries now operates an electronic library which is more easy to
access information. It is of no doubt that the rise in the popularity of use of electronic
journals among academics can be attributed to the perceived advantages in its usage (Otu,
Asante and Martin, 2015). Stressing on the essential benefit of electronic journals,
(Linda, 1999) and (Wiles, 1998) posits that ‘’It will no longer be necessary for users to
browse through the paper journal contents page hoping to find an article of interest.
Instead users will be able to register their areas of interest and the electronic publishing
system will deliver articles which match those requirements to the readers desktop’’.
However, a research conducted by (Baro et al, 2011) at the Delta State University,
revealed that electronic scholarly journal databases were underutilized. The users in the
study cited the lack of awareness of the existing resources as the primary constraint they
had. Similarly, (Ajegbomogun, 2007) posits that, while electronic journals have become
essential tools for learning, teaching and research, most of the scholars and researchers
are not fully utilizing them.

Local Studies

(Samaniego, 2009) in her study about User awareness of and satisfaction with
online subcriptions of the Aklatang Emelio Aguinaldo, in relation to the awareness of
online subcriptions, it was found out that 75% of the student respondents are not aware of
the AEA’s subscription to the EBSCOhost. The survey also revealed that 85% of the total
student respondents are not aware of the online subscription, Emerald.

However, Philippine E-journals aren’t quite known in the country and outside the
country. According to (Mendoza, 2015) a recent study about the status and challenges of
the scientific and academic journals in the Philippines, only 4% out of the total number of
777 or 87% of the scientific and academic e-journals published by higher institutions,
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professional organization and even government institution are listed in the Thompson
Reuters (TR) or Scopus master journalist, or both. (Mendoza, 2015) posits “the
challenges facing scientific and academic journals in the Philippines are both local and
international in nature. These challenges relate to (1) the proliferation of journals and
related problems, such as competition for papers and sub-par journals; (2) journal funding
and operation; (3) getting listed or accredited in major citation databases; (4) competition
for papers; (5) reaching a wider and bigger readership and paper contribution from
outside the country; and (6) meeting international standards for academic journal
publications.”
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CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH SETTING

This study was conducted in Liceo de Cagayan University, RNP Blvd. Kauswagan
Cagayan de Oro City. Founded by Atty. Rodolfo N. Pelaez and Elsa P. Pelaez.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The study utilized the descriptive research design. (Holloway and Wheeler, 2002)
refer to qualitative research as “a form of social enquiry the focuses on the way people
interpret and make sense of their experience and the world in which they live”.
Researchers use descriptive approach to explore the behavior, perspectives, experiences
and feelings of people and emphasize the understanding of these elements.

RESPONDENTS AND SAMPLING PROCEDURE

The respondents of the study were the students inside the library in Liceo de
Cagayan University with a total of 150 respondents. The researchers used the purposive
sampling to determine the number of students. Since the researchers do not know the
total number of students who use library, they were asked to do purposive sampling
method.
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RESEARCH INTRUMENTS

This study utilized a questionnaire as the instrument in gathering the necessary data
and information. The questionnaire undergone reliability test to test if there were
problems with the questionnaire using the pilot testing tally and the result of it made the
questionnaire acceptable and ready for data gathering. The test yielded a Cronbach Alpha
value of 0.9277 which indicates that the questionnaire was valid and highly.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The researchers made a letter addressed to the Director of the Library asking
permission to conduct the study. Upon approval, the researchers then proceeded to the
respondents of their study and conducted a survey using a questionnaire. The researchers
made clarifications on the items brought confusion to the respondents and selected
respondents to interview about their answers. Later then, they retrieved the questionnaires
after the respondents answered all the items.

STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES

The researchers utilized the frequency distribution, percentage, mean, t-test and
ANOVA.

Frequency distribution, according to (Katzer et al. 1998, p. 272): a frequency

distribution is “A table that shows how frequently each value of a variable occurs in a set
of scores.”

Mean refers to the mean or average that is used to derive the central tendency of
the data in question. It is determined by adding all the data points in a population and
then dividing the total by the number of points. The resulting number is known as the
mean or the average (Technopedia, 2017)
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x́=
∑x
n

T-test T procedure performs t tests for one sample, two samples, and paired
observations. The one-sample t test compares the mean of the sample to a given number.
The two-sample t test compares the mean of the first sample minus the mean of the
second sample to a given number. The paired observations t test compares the mean of
the differences in the observations to a given number (Sas, 1999)

Analysis of Variance is similar to regression in that it is used to investigate and

model the relationship between a response variable and one or more independent
variables. However, analysis of variance differs from regression in two ways: the
independent variables are qualitative (categorical), and no assumption is made about the
nature of the relationship (that is, the model does not include coefficients for variables).
In effect, analysis of variance extends the two-sample t-test for testing the equality of two
population means to a more general null hypothesis of comparing the equality of more
than two means, versus them not all being equal.

SCORING PROCEDURE

In determining the respondents’ level of awareness on e-journals, the following

scoring procedure was used:

WEIGHTED MEAN INTERPRETATION

4.50 – 5.00 Extremely Aware
3.60 – 4.49 Moderately Aware
2.60 – 3.59 Somewhat Aware
1.60 – 2.59 Slightly Aware
1.00 – 1.59 Not At All Aware

If the weighted mean falls 4.50 – 5.00, the respondent is extremely aware. If the
weighted mean falls 3.60 – 4.49, the respondent is moderately aware. If the weighted
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mean falls 2.60 – 3.59, the respondent is somewhat aware. If the weighted mean falls
1.60 – 2.59, the respondent is slightly aware. If the weighted mean falls 1.00 – 1.59, the
respondent is not at all aware.

CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

In this chapter, data are presented, analyzed and interpreted. Data were collected
from the survey on Level of Awareness on E-journal as Tool for Research among
Students in Liceo de Cagayan University and was done inside the library wherein the
students were the receiver of the questionnaires. The researchers utilized frequency
distribution, percentage, mean, t-test and ANOVA to get the statistical data of each
statement of the problem (1) the profile of the respondents in terms of course or track,
year level, gender, time spent in the library (2) the awareness of the e-journals’ existence,
the school library provides access to e-journals and e-journals are aid for research (3) is
there significant difference in the level of awareness in terms of facts about e-journals,
usage of e-journals and e-journals as tool for research.
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Profile of the respondents in terms of course, year level, gender and time spent in
the library

Table 1.1

Distribution of Respondents by Course

COURSE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Accountancy 9 6%
Radiologic Technology 7 4.7%
Business Administration 14 9.3%
Engineering 0 0%
Nursing 4 2.7%
Criminology 4 2.7%
Pharmacy 7 4.7%
Education 7 4.7%
Tourism 5 3.3%
Medical Technology 5 3.3%
Medical Laboratory Science 2 1.3%
Political Science 2 1.3%
Accounting Technology 1 0.7%
International Studies 1 0.7%
ABM 38 25.3%
STEM 14 9.3%
HUMSS 11 7.3%
ICT 9 6%
CULINARY 5 3.3%
GAS 5 3.3%
TOTAL 150 100

Table 1 shows the distribution of respondents by course. Where in majority are

Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) students holds it with 38 or 25.3%.
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Following are the Business Administration (BA) students and Science and Technology,
Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) with 14 or 9.3%. Accounting Technology and
International Studies has the least respondents with only 1 or 0.7% along with it is the
Engineering course with no respondent.

Table 1.2

Distribution of Respondents’ by Year Level

Year Level Frequency Percentage

Grade 11 82 54.7%
2nd Year 32 21.3%
3rd Year 28 18.7%
4th Year 8 5.3%
Total 150 100%

Table 1.2 shows the distribution of respondents’ by year level, majority 54.7%
are Grade 11, 21.3% are 2nd year, 18.7% are 3rd year and only 5.3% are 4th year students.

Table 1.3

Distribution of Respondents’ by Gender

Gender Frequency Percentage

Male 35 23.3%
Female 115 76.7%
Total 150 100%

Table 1.3 shows the distribution of respondents’ by gender, majority 76.7% are
females and only 23.3% are males. The data implies that the library is dominated by
females.
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Table 1.4

Distribution of Respondents’ by Times spent in the Library

Time Spent in the library Frequency Percentage

1 hour 82 54.7%
2-3 hours 50 33.3%
4 and more 18 12%
Total 150 100%

Table 1.4 shows the distribution of respondents’ by time spent in the library,
majority 54.7% spend 1 hour and 33.3% spend 2-3 hours and the least 12% spend 4 hours
and more. The data implies that their time allocated in staying in the library mostly take
1-3 hours. It is expected because the Grade 11 students have library periods and some
vacates 2 consecutive library periods.

Students awareness of E-journals’ existence, school library provides access to e-

journals and E-journals can be tool for research

Table 2.1

Awareness of Respondents with the Existence of E-journals

Existence of E-journals Frequency Percentage

YES 95 63.3%
NO 55 36.7%
Total 150 100%

Table 2.1 shows the awareness of respondents with the existence of e-journals,
existence of e-journals inside the school library and e-journals are tool for research. In
terms of existence of e-journals, 63.3% are aware that it exist and 36.7% are not. This
meant that the students are aware of the existence of e-journals. This finding concurs with
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(Swamy and Kumar, 2014) whose study is about the awareness of e-journals by the
students and research scholars in University of Mysore, revealed that majority (75%) of
the research scholars and (84.03%) of the students are aware of e-journals.

Table 2.2

Awareness of Respondents with the Existence of E-journals in the Library

E-journals in the School Frequency Percentage

Library
YES 112 74.7%
NO 38 25.3%
Total 150 100%

In terms of the existence of e-journals in the school library, majority (74.7%) are
aware that the school library provide access to e-journals and 25.3% are not. This finding
is supported by (Otu et al., 2015) where 165 or 82% were aware of the existence of e-
journals in their polytechnic.

Table 2.3

Awareness of Respondents with E-journals are tool for Research

E-journals are Tool for Frequency Percentage

Research
YES 115 76.7%
NO 35 23.3%
Total 150 100%

As of e-journals are tool for research, majority (76.7%) are aware the e-journals
can be a tool for research and 23.3% are not aware.
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Level of awareness in terms of facts about e-journals, usage of e-journals and e-

journals as tool for research

Table 3.1

Level of Awareness on E-journal Based on its Characteristic

ABOUT E JOURNALS Weighted Mean Remarks

E-journals are digitalized journals which you can 3.573 MA
read on the web

E-journals are mainly formatted as PDF or HTML 3.12 SWA

files

E-journals are convenient and has an up-to-date 3.393 SWA

information

E-journals are fast and gives you direct information 3.407 SWA

E-journals can be read at a laboratory or a Media 3.087 SWA

Center PC even without going to the library

Regardless of the libraries’ hours of operation, e- 3.087 SWA

journal can be read 24 hours a day

E-journals allow new types on content to be 3.087 SWA

included in journals, for example video material, or
the data sets on which research has been based

A subset of e-journals exist as Open Access titles, 3.207 SWA

meaning that they are free to access for all

E-journals are articles from credible authors and 3.453 SWA

researchers

E-journals can be downloaded and printed 3.24 SWA

Overall Mean 3.2654 SWA
Legend: EA = Extremely Aware, MA = Moderately Aware, SWA = Somewhat Aware, SA = Slightly Aware,
NAA= Not All Aware
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Table 3.2

Level of Awareness on E-journal Based on its Usage

USAGE OF E-JOURNAL Weighted Mean Remarks

E-journals needs internet connection to be accessed 3.353 SWA
Accessing to some e-journals requires email and 3.087 SWA
password
Entering a keyword in the search engine of an e- 3.22 SWA
journal website will give many relative results
Clicking the hypertext link in a certain e-journal will 3.22 SWA
provide you articles related to your topic
You will need Adobe Acrobat software to read the 3.16 SWA
articles that are in PDF format
Overall Mean 3.208 SWA
Legend: EA = Extremely Aware, MA = Moderately Aware, SWA = Somewhat Aware, SA = Slightly Aware,
NAA= Not All Aware

Table 3.3

Level of Awareness on E-journal Based on its Capability to Aid Research

E-JOURNAL AS TOOL FOR RESEARCH Weighted Mean Remarks

E-journals provide information such as data which is 3.633 MA
helpful to your research
E-journals provide hypertext link to give access to 3.440 SWA
other related resources for more additional
information
E- journals can easily locate the information you need 3.413 SWA
E-journal articles can be used as reference to research 3.487 SWA
paper
E-journals can be a source for Review of Related 3.447 SWA
Literature
The traditional plain text, tables, figures and graphics, 3.413 SWA
other innovative ways of presenting research results
can be supported by multimedia capabilities of e-
journals which is helpful for research
E-journals provide citations for easy citing in 3.513 SWA
references
Overall Mean 3.478 SWA
Legend: EA = Extremely Aware, MA = Moderately Aware, SWA = Somewhat Aware, SA = Slightly Aware,
NAA= Not All Aware
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Table 3.1, 3.2 and 3.4 depicts the level of awareness on e-journal based on its
characteristic, usage and description as tool for research. The table shows that the level of
awareness on e-journal based on its characteristic, usage and e-journal as tool for research
is somewhat aware.

Table also show that the facts about e-journals, usage of e-journal and e-journals
as tool for research has no significant difference which supports the null hypothesis. The
researcher posits that it’s because some of the students only heard about e-journals yet
never accessed to it. (Achonna, 2011) said that inadequate skills, time constraint,
negative staff attitude, inadequate staff, inadequate computers, power outage, not
satisfied with information got and others can be the problems encountered when using e-
journal resources in the library which suggests that more computers and awareness
should be created on the existence of the e-journal resources in the library. However, the
students are confident that e-journals are digitalized journals which you can read on the
web and e-journals provide information such as data which is helpful to your research.

Table 4

One-Way ANOVA and T-TEST of Level of Awareness about E-journal among

Respondents by Course, Year Level, Time Spent in the Library

Sum of df Mean Square F/T ρ -value

Squares
Course 35.585 18 1.977 2.67 0.001*
Year Level 4.622 3 1.541 1.76 0.158
Time Spent in 6.168 2 3.084 3.59 0.030*
the Library
Gender N Mean df t-value ρ -value
1 114 3.263 58 -0.05 0.961
2 36 3.272
Highly significant at α .05

Hypothesis 1: There is no significant difference in the level of awareness about e-

journals among respondents by course, year level, gender and time spent in the library.
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The One-Way ANOVA test shows that there is a significant difference in the
level of awareness about e-journals among respondents by course and time spent in the
library. The computed ρ-value for course is 0.001 and for time spent in the library is
0.030, hence they are both less than α .05. This implies that the null hypothesis for course
and time spent in the library was rejected.

As for year level and course, the One-Way ANOVA test shows that there is no
significant difference in the level of awareness about e-journals among respondents by
year level and gender. The computed ρ-value for year level is 0.158 and .961 for gender.
This implies that the null hypothesis for year level and gender was accepted.

Table 5

One-Way ANOVA and T-TEST of Level of Awareness on Usage of E-journals

among Respondents by Course, Year Level, Time Spent in the Library

Sum of df Mean Square F ρ -value

Squares
Course 35.720 18 1.984 2.28 0.004*
Year Level 2.11 3 0.70 0.70 0.555
Time Spent in the 1.78 2 0.89 0.89 0.414
Library
Gender N Mean df t-value ρ -value
1 114 3.212 53 0.09 0.931
2 36 3.19
Highly significant at α .05

Hypothesis 2: There is no significant difference in the level of awareness on usage of e-

journals among respondents by course, year level, gender and time spent in the library.

The One-Way ANOVA test shows that there is a significant difference in the
level of awareness on usage of e-journal among respondents by course. The computed ρ-
value is 0.004 is less than α .05. This implies that the null hypothesis for course was
rejected.

The One-Way ANOVA test shows that there is no significant difference in the
level of awareness on usage of e-journals among respondents by year level, time spent
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and gender. The computed ρ-value for year level is 0.555, 0.414 for time spent and 0.931
for gender. This implies that the null hypothesis for year level, time spent and gender
was accepted..

Table 6

One-Way ANOVA and T-TEST of Level of Awareness on E-journals as Tool for

Research among Respondents’ by Course, Year Level, Time Spent

Sum of df Mean Square F ρ -value

Squares
Course 27.839 18 1.547 1.67 0.052
Year Level 1.87 3 0.62 0.62 0.604
Time Spent in 2.241 2 1.120 1.12 0.328
the Library
Gender N Mean df t-value ρ -value
1 114 3.263 55 0.22 0.824
2 36 3.272
Highly significant at α .05

Hypothesis 3: There is no significant difference in the level of awareness on e-journals as

tool for research among respondents by course, year level, gender and time spent in the
library.

The One-Way ANOVA test shows that there is no significant difference in the
level of awareness on e-journals as tool for research among respondents by course, year
level, time spent and gender. The computed ρ-value for course is 0.05, for year level is
0.604, for time spent in the library is 0.328 and gender is 0.824. This implies that the null
hypothesis was accepted.
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CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the summary, findings, conclusions and recommendations.

Summary

Using the descriptive method of research, this study desired to determine the level
of awareness on e-journals among students in Liceo de Cagayan University.

Using purposive sampling procedure, a total of 150 respondents consist of 68

college students from 2nd year to 4th year and 82 senior high students from different
strands.

A researcher-made questionnaire was used as an instrument in gathering the data.

The independent variables were limited to the respondents’ course, year level, gender and
time spent in the library. The respondents’ level of awareness on e-journals was
determined in terms of facts about e-journals, usage, and capability being a tool for
research.

Based on the findings, the students are aware of the existence of e-journals. They
are also aware that the school library provides access to e-journals and they are aware
that e-journals can be tool for research. Yet, on the level of awareness of the students on
the facts about e-journals, usages of e-journals and e-journals as tool for research are
mostly somewhat aware. There was a significant difference in the level of awareness
about e-journals among respondents by course and time spent in the library. There was
also a significant difference in the level of awareness on usage of e-journals among
respondents by course.
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Findings

1. The majority of the students representing 63.3% are aware of the existence of e-
journals and 36.7% are not aware.
2. The majority of the students representing 74.7% are aware of the e-journals in the
library.
3. The majority of the students representing 76.7% are aware that e-journal are tool
for research.
4. The level of awareness of the students is somewhat aware (3.27 overall mean) on
the facts about e-journals.
5. The level of awareness of the students is somewhat aware (3.21 overall mean) on
the usage of e-journals.
6. The level of awareness of the students is somewhat aware (3.48 overall mean) on
e-journals as tool for research.
7. With regard to the overall level of awareness of the respondents with the e-
journals, the results showed that they are somewhat aware.
8. There was a significant difference in the level of awareness about e-journals
among respondents by course and time spent in the library.
9. There was a significant difference in the level of awareness on usage of e-journals
among respondents by course.
10. There was no significant difference in the level of awareness on e-journals as tool
for research among respondents by course, year level, gender and time spent in
the library.

Conclusion

Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions are drawn:
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It can be concluded that majority of the respondents are aware of the e-journals,
the school library provides access to e-journals and e-journals are tool for research. Also
there is a significant difference in the level of awareness about e-journals in terms of
course and time spent in the library. Moreover, there is a significant difference on the
usage of e-journals in terms of course.

As the academic world advances to much more interactive and efficient world, the
production of e-journals, e-books and other electronic portals are in demand. Students
find it more convenient to search in the internet when doing their research, hence they
want to have a school library with fast accessibility to educational materials. The students
of Liceo de Cagayan University are aware about the existence of e-journals.

Recommendation

1. The school library should strengthen the awareness and accessibility of e-journals
and fix inadequate computers so that the students in the library can make use of it
and they would know its functional.
2. The school library should conduct a symposium on what are e-journals and how
useful it is to research works and ensure a training on usage of e-journals for the
awareness of the e-journal in the library.
3. The school library should add more e-journal portals like EBSCO and Emerald
not just ProQuest so that when the students will access them outside the school
library they have accounts to use in logging in and for more reference.
4. The school library should have adequate staffs so that the students will have guide
on how to use e-journals.
5. Practical Research teachers should empower students to use e-journals and make
research activities regarding e-journals to make it more known and know how
useful it is to them.
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25

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