TOPIC 8

HYDRAULICS
 HYDRAULICS

The purpose of this topic is to ensure that all trainees can demonstrate a
working knowledge of all the components and sub assemblies comprising the
hydraulic system of the SKF98. This includes being able to identify
components, demonstrate applicable servicing and maintenance requirements,
and correct fault finding and troubleshooting.
 HYDRAULICS
The hydraulics system of the SKF98 consists of seven main
components…

• the hydraulic oil tank,

• the four hydraulic pumps,

• hydraulic motors,

• two final drives,

• a number of different circuits,

• filters,

• a variety of valves which control the oil flow and pressure and direction.

To better understand the operation of the hydraulic circuits and their

components, some basic knowledge of the principles of hydraulics is
required...
BASIC HYDRAULICS
Pressure = Force /
Area

P=F/A
P = 8000 / 10
= 800 psi
 Hydraulic oil
The correct viscosity of Hydraulic oil is extremely important in providing optimum
performance for the hydraulic components, and for the protection and longevity of the
components. The viscosity is directly related to the oil temperature. The following graph can
be used when selecting the oil viscosity for your area.
 HYDRAULICS
Hydraulic System
The hydraulic system consists of a hydraulic reservoir / tank that supplies oil to hydraulic
pumps. These hydraulic pumps provide hydraulic pressure to operate all machine functions
outside of the electrical and compressed air circuits. From the pumps oil flow is supplied to
the levers and control valves which operate hydraulic motors or cylinders. Another important
feature of hydraulic systems is the filters.
All the oil returning to the tank flows through either the return manifold or the case
manifold. Oil returning from the return manifold must pass through the return filter before
entering the tank. Oil returning from the case manifold passes through the case return filter.
Both these filters have by-pass check valves in case the filters become blocked.
It is important to remember that the pressure in the return, and case manifolds is different.
The pressure in the return manifold can be as high as 35 psi, and in the drain and case
manifolds is only 7 psi. This is particularly important when connecting case drains from
motors or pumps. If they are connected to the return manifold the increased pressure will
prevent the case drain from draining, which will result in too much oil in the case and blowing
out the shaft / oil seal.
 HYDRAULIC TANK
Tank vent
Return Filters Breather valve

Tank level
sight glass

Fill pump
 HYDRAULIC TANK
Hydraulic Tank Breather
There is tank breather on the tank to prevent it
from over pressurising during operation. The
hydraulic tank is fitted with a ball valve which
can be opened to relieve any residual
pressure in the system after the engine has
been stopped.
Open valve for about 30 sec and close again.

The check valve is to allow excess tank

pressure out that may be caused by the tank
being filled too quickly via the Wiggins fitting.

Check valve

Relieve
Pressure
 HYDRAULICS

Hydraulic System
An important part of the hydraulic Case return filter Main return filter
system is the filters.
Oil returned to the hydraulic reservoir
passes through two 12-micron filters.
These filters are mounted on the
hydraulic tank. Service indicators warn
if the delivery or return filters become
clogged. Service
Indicators
See Topic 10 for Scheduling of filter
and oil changes.

RETURN HYDRAULIC FILTERS

MOUNTED ON HYDRAULIC TANK

Note: before working on any part of the hydraulic

circuit, the system must de depressurised.
Return filter assembly
This O-ring is very easily dislodged.
The filter will bypass if assembled O-ring
without the O-ring. It is therefore
imperative that the o-ring is Differential valve
checked every time the filter is
removed.
It is recommended that the o-ring
be replaced every time the filter is
changed.
See Topic 10 for Scheduling of filter
and oil changes. By-pass check
valve
There is a differential valve /
service indictors and a by-pass
check valve located within the filter
assembly. The differential valve will
indicate when the filters are starting
to block. This will be activated
before the filters are blocked and oil
flows through the by-pass check
valve, by-passing the filters. This
provides a small amount of time to
get the filters changed before they
become blocked.
 Hydraulic Tank
The hydraulics isolation valve is used to shut off the oil flow from the hydraulic tank.. It is
used when work needs to be done on the circuit, particularly the pumps. ONLY SHUT THE
OIL OFF WHEN THE ENGINE IS STOPPED.

Hydraulic tank
Isolation valve
 Hydraulic Pump Layout

The pump layout consists of two main pumps which are variable piston pumps...
1) the left main pump which supplies pressure to the left hand tram and rotation circuits, is
a Rexroth AA4VG125HD/D variable displacement piston pump,
2) and the right main pump which supplies pressure to the right hand tram circuits, is also
a AA4V125GHD/D variable displacement piston pump. Both these pumps have an internal
gear type charge pump which provides positive pressure to the main piston pump. The
charge pumps are fixed displacement.

There is an AA11LVLO130D/RS variable displacement piston pump which supplies

pressure to all the auxiliary functions and the hoist / pulldown circuit. It is generally referred
to as the Auxiliary pump.

There is also one fixed displacement double gear pump mounted via a through drive off
the back of the right main pump. Remembering that the front of a pump is its drive / shaft
end. The front of the double pump, which is the larger half supplies the cooling fan. The
back half which is the smaller half supplies the water injection and the dust collection.
 Pump layout
Left tram /
rotation pump
with internal Right tram with
Auxiliary charge pump internal charge
functions / pump
pulldown pump

Double gear
pump. Front
(larger) half
feeds the
cooling fan,
Rear (smaller)
half feeds water
injection / dust
collector
 Pump layout

Left tram /
rotation pump Double gear
with internal pump. Front
charge pump (larger) half
feeds the
cooling fan,
Rear (smaller)
Auxiliary half feeds water
functions / injection / dust
pulldown pump collector
 Main Pumps
The two main pumps are AA4VG125HD/D Rexroth variable piston pumps. The left main
pump supplies pressure to the left hand tram circuit and the rotation circuit. The right main
pump supplies pressure to the right hand tram circuit. All these circuits are closed loop
circuits.
The positive pressure or ‘charge’ to the two main pumps is supplied from the internal charge
pumps.
Filtration before the main pump is through the charge filters, and after the main pumps is
through the loop filters.
LH. Tram and Rotation pump
Pump port labelling X3
X4
 A4VG PUMP
Y1 Y2 Fe Fa Mh

Charge relief
removed and
orifaced plug
fitted
AA4VG PUMP CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
(standard)

Removed and
orificed plug fitted
NOTE: SKF98 models have an external
charge relief, not internal as shown
AA4VG125HD PUMP
 AA4VG charge pump
From charge
filter

‘Fa’

Plug
To charge
filter

‘Fe’
Charge pump
discharge

‘S’
Suction port
 AA4VG PUMP
Pressure Cut Off
or Override High pressure cross over relief
Charge
pressure in Fa

Charge
pressure relief.
Removed and
replaced with
plug and
Fe orifice
Charge
pressure
out

High pressure cross over relief

The large The small shuttle in the control module is
control piston controlled by the pilot from the levers, and
which in turn controls the larger piston
controls the
direction of
flow within the
pump, this is
what is
adjusted
during a
mechanical
centring

NOTE: whenever removing the end caps

ensure the dimple is reassembled facing
out
AA4VG pump
Controller
Servo piston

Charge pump
Case Pressure
Charge Pilot
 AA4VG pump HD
controller / module
These end caps MUST be
reassembled with the
dimple facing the correct
way, in order for the orifice
to line up with the drilling in
the end cap. This lever is
inserted within the
piston

Orifice
 Main pump adjustments

Before the main pumps can be centered or the pressure relief and pressure cut off settings
can be adjusted, a number of things have to be done;
1) Disconnect the tram brake release hose at the tee above the track equalizer bar. This will
fix the brakes on and enable you to perform all main pump adjustments, and load the pump
without the rig moving.
2) If the rig is jacked, and fitted with Tram lockouts, the lockout will need to be over ridden to
enable the pumps to be stroked on.
3) The rotation torque control needs to be removed from the pump and the port plugged, this
will be in port X3
4) When mechanically and hydraulically centering, the pilot pressure ports Y1 and Y2 ports
for the lever controls need to be plugged and capped, however when setting the pressure
relief's and power cut off relief these ports need to be connected.
When mechanically or
hydraulically Mechanical centering 1.
centering the main
pumps, disconnect and Fit loop hose between XI and X2 to
plug the pilot pressure ensure pressure is equal on both
ports Y1 and Y2, sides of the servo piston
and the port
for X1
the rotation X2
torque
valve.

Mb

Ma

Use one gauge, swap between

ports (Pressure approx.. 440 psi)
 Hydraulic centering 2.
Use one gauge, swap
between ports
(Pressure- approx.. 40 psi)

X1
X2

Mb

Ma
Pressure setting 1.
Pressure cutoff valve must
X1
be adjusted to maximum,
X2 in order to set main relief's

Mb

Ma

***Before setting the

high
pressure relief valve***
 High pressure
Set high pressure relief's to
relief valve setting 5500 psi., do not stroke pumps
on for more than 10 seconds
X1
X2

Mb

Ma

When stroking the pumps only push the control lever 20% on , just enough to cause
the relief valves to crack and not have all the oil pouring over the relief valve
Pressure cutoff Set pressure cutoff to
5000psi (must be 500
valve setting psi. below main relief
setting)
X1
X2

Mb

Ma
 STROKING ORIFICES
0.040”MAXIMUM

X1
X2

Mb
The size of these
orifices is is important
Ma because they control
the amount of flow
allowed through the
control piston when
the pump de-strokes.
 CHARGE CIRCUIT
Charge is the pressure that is supplied to the inlet side of a piston pump. The piston pumps
need a positive charge to their inlet or they will cavitate and pump life will be reduced . The
AA4VG125H/DD piston pump has an internal charge pump.
The charge pumps are fixed displacement. Oil comes from the tank in through the charge
pump, and out the Fe port, then goes to a charge filter and back into the main piston pump at
port Fa. Both the charge pumps are teed together and the charge circuit is regulated with the
one relief valve. This is to ensure there will be a constant pressure supplied to both the main
piston pumps. So if there is a pressure drop in one side, the other side will supply extra to
compensate for it. The standard charge reliefs are removed and replaced with a plug with an
orifice (.062”) to bleed a controlled flow through the pump case to cool it.

Charge pressure is set at 450 psi. The T port of the relief is plumbed into the side of the case
filter so the pressure cannot be effected by fluctuating back pressure.
CHARGE CIRCUIT Charge pressure
Relief Valve

The adjustment for

the charge relief set
to 450 psi

Charge relief test port

‘T’ Port to side

of case filter
 Hydraulic
Charge filters
These filters are in the
‘charge’ circuit. They filter
the oil as it goes to the
pumps.
There are two filters
mounted either side of the
pumps.

These filters play an

important role because this
is the only filtration of oil
from the tank to the main
pumps.
The only other filtration on
the main pump circuit is
through the loop filters. Charge filters
By-pass Differential Charge filter assembly
check indicator
valve The charge filters have an o-ring that helps seal the
filter bowl. If the bowl is leaking the o-ring is probably
damaged and needs to be replaced. Do not continue
to tighten the bowl up, because this will not stop the
leak and will lead to damage of the bowl and filter
assembly.

The o-ring should be changed every time the filter

is changed.

The charge filters have a differential indicator and a

by-pass check valve, to indicate when the filter is
blocking, and to by-pass oil when the filters are
blocked. The differential indicator will show red before
the filters are blocked, allowing time to change the
filters before they fully block.

See Topic 10 for Scheduling of filter and oil changes.

Diverter valve
Tram and Rotation Circuits
 Control Valves
Drill/tram select solenoid
The drill/tram select solenoid takes charge pressure (450 psi) at port 4 and supplies pilot pressure to the
drill or tram pilot functions. When de-energised (tram mode selected) the pilot pressure directed to Port 3
to supply (1) Tram pilot valves, (2) Tram brakes, (3) Tram alarm pressure switch
When the drill/tram solenoid is activated (drill mode is selected) the solenoid valve switches across and
pilot pressure is directed to Port 1 to supply pilot pressure to (1) to the rotation and pulldown levers, (2)
Rotation torque on/off directional valve and (3) the hydraulic pilot for the diverter valves.
To drain From charge(450psi)

To tram pilot, tram brake To drill pilot valve,auto

release and tram alarm feed,diverter valve and
switch rotation torque control
on/off valve
 Left and Right pump,
Loop filters and diverted
circuits

2 x Loop filters
(Both sides of Pump group) R.H Track Motor
L.H Track Motor
 Loop filter assembly
The loop filters are placed on the main pump circuits. They are
between the main pumps and the diverter valves for the feed
and rotation/tramming circuits. They are located next to the
tower raise cylinder, and have an o-ring which helps seal the
bowl from leaks. If the bowl is leaking, the o-ring is probably
damaged and needs replacing. Do not continue to tighten the
bowl up, because this will not stop the leak and will lead to
damage of the bowl and filter assembly.

The o-ring should be changed

every time the filter is
changed

The filters have a differential

indicator and a by-pass check
valve, to indicate when the filter
is blocking, and to by-pass oil
when the filters are blocked. The
differential indicator will show red
before the filters are blocked,
allowing time to change the
filters before they fully block.
 Rotation Circuit SKF
The rotation circuit is a closed loop circuit. It is fed by the left hand main pump. The rotation
circuit oil comes from the B (forward rotation) or A (reverse rotation) ports on the pump,
through the loop filters, through the diverter valve then onto to the rotation motor. The rotation
motor has an internal flushing valve.
Rotation torque control
A relief valve has been placed on the forward rotation circuit. This is to limit rotation torque
in forward rotation. It is connected in the Mb port (common to B port), and when its relief
setting is reached it sends pressure to the X3 port. This will cause the servo piston (large
control piston) to move back towards centre, therefore de-stroking the pump. This provides a
variable maximum rotation torque setting.

Surge protection relief valve is to prevent too much pressure flowing into X3 and trying to
move the servo piston past centre into its reverse rotation position, thus wanting to suddenly
change the direction of the pump and motor to reverse rotation.

There is no relief or regulation of any type on reverse rotation. The limit of reverse rotation
is 5000 psi, the capacity of the pump.
 Rotary Torque Control Valves

To X3

From port 1
Drill/tram
Surge protection valve select valve
Rotation torque
Set at 500 psi
control on/off
selector
Rotation torque control
valve, operator adjustable From Mb
 Rotation Motor

B A

AA6VM160 HA
Fit M4 x 6
(Disabled ‘B’ port) Grub screw
forward rotation
SKF Rotation Motor
 Note that the HA control is disabled for forward rotation or on the ‘B’ port side. It is blocked
with a M4 x 6 LG (grub screw), to disable the maximum displacement and prevent the motor
increasing in displacement and over tightening pipe joints. This mod also prevents the
minimum displacement screw being damaged by the rotary group ‘slapping’ against the screw
when drilling.

SKF Rotation motor

 Feed And Rotation Lever Assembly
Friction disc assembly

Rotation lever assembly

Feed lever assembly

Plungers
Tram motor
Final Drive Motor
AA11VLO 130 DRS PISTON PUMP
The AA11VLO130 DRS piston pump
is a pressure compensated, load
sensing piston pump. It has an integral
impeller type charge pump. The DRS
300 psi controller regulates the pump
displacement in order to match the
requirement of the function being used.
3000 psi Standby setting (300psi) is also the
differential setting for this pump. The
valve compares discharge pressure (A
port) with the load pressure (X port)
and adjusts the displacement of the
pump to match the demand
 Auxiliary Pump
The auxiliary pump supplies flow to the hoist / pulldown controls as well as all the other
auxiliary functions. In order to ensure that there is enough supply for the functions there is an
auxiliary pump load solenoid in the circuit. When it is energised it loads the pump for use by
the auxiliary functions. Its pressure is set by a relief valve to 2500 psi. When the auxiliary
solenoid is off the pump can be load sensed by the hoist / pulldown functions, pulldown
maximum pressure is set by a separate relief valve to 2600 psi.
A11VLO CHARGE PUMP

The auxiliary pumps

charge pump, has an
internal impellor type
that delivers charge
pressure to the
pistons.
Auxiliary/ Feed pump DRS compensator

Main
pressure
adjustment
3000 psi

Standby (load sense)

adjustment 300 psi

X port
 Auxiliary and Feed circuits

The auxiliary and feed circuits are supplied by a variable displacement piston pump. The
pump is a Rexroth AA11VLO130 DRS so is pressure compensating and load sensing.
Maximum setting of the pump is 3000 psi but is reduced by load sense relief's for auxiliary
functions and is fully load sensing for pulldown. The only time the pump reaches full
pressure is when the hoist is stalled.
The auxilliary pump load switch must be on to energise the auxiliary load soleniod before
any function on the 3 or 9 spool auxiliary valves can be operated, this will load the pump to
2500 psi, set by the auxiliary load relief . The 0.032”orifice at the M port of the pump will
generate a pressure drop when the relief reaches its setting and flow begins. The load
sense pressure is directed to the X port on the pump to load it.
The jacks and mast raise functions are fully load sensing and the pressure is limited by the
Jacks/ mast raise load sense relief set at 2800 psi. An orifice fitted in the load sense hose
generates a pressure drop when the relief reaches its setting and flow begins. The auxilliary
pump load switch must also on to ensure maximum jacking speed. A soleniod plumbed into
the pilot line to the jacks/ mast raise levers (pilot valve) and powered by the aux pump load
switch makes it only possible to operate the jacks/ mast raise functions when the switch is
on.
Auxiliary Control Circuit
 Control Valves
Auxiliary Pump Load Solenoid Valve
Pressure is supplied to the valve at Port 3 from the Auxiliary Pump discharge (M
port) via a 0.032” orifice. When energised by the Aux. Load switch, the solenoid
shifts the spool to allow pressure from Port 3 through to Port 1. This signal is
connected to Port X on the pump which will then load the pump. Pump will load to
the setting of the auxiliary pump load relief.

Pressure from Aux pump discharge When

energised the
valve shifts to
allow pressure
through to X
Port on pump
 Feed Circuit
The feed circuit is an open loop circuit supplied by the Auxiliary/feed pump. The pump
discharges to the auxiliary pressure manifold then is divided into two hoses leading to a double
stacked pilot operated directional valve (MP22) which controls the feed direction. A manifold
housing the pulldown counterbalance valve (holdback) and regeneration cartridges follows the
directional valve then the flow continues on the the feed cylinder and returns through the
counterbalance valve and MP22 valve then back to tank via the return manifold. Pulldown
pressure is limited by the maximum pulldown relief , set to 2600 psi, but can be reduced by
venting port 3 through the pulldown relief in the operators cab. The maximum pulldown relief
controls the pulldown pressure by relieving pressure from the C ports of the MP22 feed valve
so controlling the compensator spools in the MP22 feed valve. Port 2 is drained back into the
hoist side of the feed circuit at port HDR1 so will not relieve during hoisting and pump pressure
can reach maximum (3000 psi) if the hoist is stalled. The C ports of the MP22 feed valve are
also connected through a shuttle valve to the X port on the pump so the pump will load to the
feed pressure plus standby setting (300 psi).
 Feed
Control
Feed Control
SKF Feed Control Circuit
Feed and Auxiliary
Pressure Control
Circuit
 Hoist control
valve ‘F’ Orifice
0.016”
Excess flow under plug
bypass valve ‘G’
Feed C.B
valve ‘A’
Regen valve ‘E’

Regen valve ‘D’

C.B. and regen. Manifold

 Control Valves
Maximum Pulldown Pressure Relief
This pilot operated, vented relief is set to the highest pulldown pressure
required for the rock formation . This setting can be remotely lowered by venting
through Port 3 to the feed pressure relief in the cab. Port 1 is connected to the C
ports on the MP22 feed control valve and Port 2 is connected to the HDR1 port on
the feed C.B./Regen valve. The HDR1 port is on the hoist side of the feed circuit
so feed pressure is only controlled in the pulldown direction. Setting is 2600 psi.
 Control Valves
Auto Pull down Pressure Reducing Valve
Provides controlled pressure from Port 1 to auto feed solenoid then on to the pilot
port on the MP22 feed valve which will then discharge at Port B to engage pulldown.
Charge pressure is supplied to Port 2
from the Drill/Tram Solenoid
when in the drill mode.
The valve is adjusted by feeding
back down a drilled hole, then
adjusting the valve to provide a feed
speed just higher than the penetration
rate. Feed pressure is set to suit rock
formation during the setting.
 Auxiliary Functions
Jacks/ mast raise 4 Spool Valve

The rear left hand jack, front jacks, rear right hand jack, and mast raise / lower functions are
all open loop circuits. They are all open loop circuits which go from the pump, through the
auxiliary manifold, and then to the 4 spool valve. From there the flow goes through which
ever control valve has been actuated (function selected), and on to the appropriate hydraulic
cylinder. From there, flow goes back through the control valve and back to tank via the return
manifold, and the return filters.
Every cylinder actuated by the 4 spool has counter-balance valves connected to it. The
counter-balance valves will lock the cylinder and prevent it from creeping in either direction.
 Control Valves
Auxiliary Pump Load Sense Relief
Port 1 of this relief valve is tee’d off between Port 1 on Aux pump load solenoid and
Port 3 of Shuttle connected to the X port on the aux. pump. Due to the orifice at Port M
on the Auxiliary pump, a pressure drop is generated by flow across this relief. Therefore
the load sense pressure to X Port on the auxiliary pump can be adjusted. Set at 2500psi.
 HYDRAULIC PILOT VALVING
Jacks & Mast Raise
Jack –
L/H Rear

Jacks –
Front

Jack –
R/H Rear MAST
RAISE
JACKS
Mast
Elevate
JACK AND MAST RAISE CONTROLS
Note;
This valve is mounted under the
operator cabin on SKF98 machines
From Set up
interlock valve

Jacks/Mast raise circuit

 Control Valves
Jacks/Mast raise Load Sense relief
Port 1 of this relief is tee’d off between the L.S. port of the jacks/ mast raise valve
and the shuttle connected to port X on the Aux. pump. Load sense pressure from the
Jacks/Mast raise valve to the X Port on the auxiliary pump is controlled by this valve.
The valve is set at 2800psi.

From L.S. Port To Drain manifold

 Auxiliary Functions
9 Spool Valve
The auxiliary functions of pipe rack rotation, pipe rack swing, pipe rack lock, pipe positioner, mast
lock, winch, HOBO clamp and rotate, HOBO swing, and deck spanner, are all controlled from the one
valve bank (9 spool valve) located on the mast. They are all open loop circuits which go from the
pump, through the auxiliary manifold, and then to the 9 spool valve. From there the flow goes through
which ever control valve has been actuated (function selected), and on to the appropriate hydraulic
cylinder or motor. From there, flow goes back through the control valve and back to tank via the
return manifold, and the return filters.
The only exception to this is the hobo clamp / rotate function. After passing through the control valve,
flow goes to the clamp cylinder and also to a sequence valve set at 2250 psi. Once the clamp cylinder
has extended and pressure builds up the sequence valve will open and allow flow through to the hobo
rotate cylinder extending it.
When the hobo clamp / rotate function is switched into reverse to let the rod go, flow comes from the
control valve straight to the clamp cylinder causing it to retract. Flow also goes to another sequence
valve set at 2250 psi. Once the clamp cylinder is retracted, pressure will build up and open the
sequence valve allowing flow through to the the rotate cylinder causing it to either retract.
MAST VALVING
Mast Valve
9 Spool
Rod handling - HOBO
Rod handling components -
HOBO

Sequence valves
Adjustment Screw
Adjustment Screw
To drain
To drain
Rotate cylinder - retract
Rotate cylinder - extend
‘B’ from mast valve
to clamp cylinder - retract
‘B’ Valve
‘A’ from mast valve
to clamp cylinder - extend
‘A’ Valve
 Rod handling gear - HOBO
Setting of Sequence valves for the HOBO
Two people are required for this procedure.
1) Position break out wrench in open or released position.
2) Break out wrench sequence valves are located on dust collector side of mast
below auxiliary valve bank, see previous slide.
3) Loosen and remove cap nut from adjustment screws. Loosen locknut.
4) Screw both adjustments fully in, but not overly firm.
5) Have helper operate break out wrench to undo pipe. Pipe clamp cylinder will
operate to full stroke, but rotate cylinder will not move.
6) Have helper hold valve in ‘ON’ position, adjust screw of the ‘A’ (top) valve
slowly outward until rotate cylinder actuates, adjust screw slightly more so that the
cylinder operates freely. ‘A’ valve is now correctly set. Tighten locknut.
7) Now have helper operate break out to retract, clamp cylinder will release pipe
but rotate cylinder will not move.
8) With helper holding lever to retract, adjust screw on ‘B’ (lower) valve slowly
outward until actuation occurs. Adjust slightly more to achieve free movement.
9) Tighten locknut and install both protection caps.
10) Break out sequencing is now working correctly.
Carousel Rotation Motor
 Auxiliary Functions

3 Spool Valve
The auxiliary functions of dust curtain and main air are controlled by a 3 spool
valve. They are all open loop circuits which go from the pump, through the
auxiliary manifold, and then to the 3 spool valve. From there the flow goes
through which ever control valve has been actuated (function selected), and on
to the appropriate hydraulic cylinder or motor. From there, flow goes back
through the control valve and back to tank via the return manifold, and the return
filters.

The 3 spool valve has a spare position that is not dedicated to any function, so
is available for extra hydraulic driven components.
Auxiliary Functions
3 - Spool valve

OPTIONAL
 Cooling fan and Dust collection / Water
injection circuit

Fan pump

Dust collector / water Fan pump relief, 2200 psi max.

injection pump 1550 rpm fan max
Double gear pump for cooling fan and
dust collection / water injection
Cooling fan and Dust collection / Water
injection circuits
The dust collection / water injection and cooling fan circuits are supplied from the double
pump which is mounted on the rear of the right hand tram pump. This is a double gear
pump. The front half (closest to the tram pump) is the larger half and provides supply to
the cooling fan circuit. The smaller half or rear half of the pump supplies the water
injection / dust collection circuits.
• Cooling fan circuit - the cooling fan circuit is a basic open loop circuit. Through the fan
motor and through the thermostat and onto the tank. When the thermostat reaches
temperature it will start to move and divert flow through the coolers. The thermostat will
be completely shifted at 140 F. From the coolers oil will flow back to tank. A 45 psi
bypass check valve is fitted in parallel with the cooler to enable oil to flow back to tank if
the cooler is blocked.
There is a relief valve for the cooling fan pump which is set to 2200 psi. When oil
pressure reaches this setting, oil is diverted from the relief straight back to tank.
A check valve has been connected between the B and A ports of the fan motors. Called
the wind down check. When the engine is turned off the inertia of the fans will still want
to turn the motors. The check valve enables oil from the return(cooler) side of the motor
to circulate back through the motor to prevent cavitation.
 Basic Hydraulic Cooler System

AtAtOperating
Start-up “Cold”
Temperature C Thermal
Valve
A
A
B
B
Cooler
Manifold
Bypass Check
Valve
Hydraulic
Tank Heat Source

Pump Motor
Cooler fan circuit
Hydraulic thermostatic valve

C B

A
 Hydraulic cooler - Thermal valve

From
Cooler
From Manifold
Cold oil By-pass
B C Hot oil

A
To Hydraulic
Tank
Fan motor

Wind down check (0 psi)

 COOLING
FAN MOTOR
 Hydraulic Valves
Water Injection/ Dust Collector Valve
This valve is located at the back of the Mast “A” frame and controls flow and pressure
to the dust collector or the water injection pump drive motor. A dedicated pump driven
from a through-drive on the R/H tram/feed pump provides flow. The valve is a solenoid
operated directional valve which is energised one way to provide flow to the dust collector
fan motor and the other to provide flow to the water injection motor.
Pressure is controlled by a relief valve cartridge incorporated in the valve subplate. The
relief is set to 2250 psi
Dust collector /
water pump valve

Relief
2250 psi
 Water injection
and Dust collector
Circuit

6..3