Textual presentation Tabular presentation Graphical presentation

MEANING DESCBRIBE DATA BY THE USE Data are converted to word Pictorial representation of certain
OF Only use in few data (1 -2 and inserted in ROWS and quantities. Used in summarizing
data only) column. explaining QUANTITAIVE DATA
USES 1.VISUALLY summarize
variables(esp.large datas)
2. enhance readability because of
appealing in VISUAL MEMORY.
Data are presented in : Paragraph or sentences Table Pie chart, bar graph, component bar
graph, line graph(time series graph),
histogram , frequency polygon, stem and
leaf, box plot, scatter point
Purpose “stress or emphasize -basis, aid or making graph or Info presented in images emphasize
significant information” chart. data patterns or trends(summarixe
visually).
Tabular presentation (points out TRENDS, COMPARISON, INTERRALATION)
Meaning Purpose v Variables used
MASTER TABLE SINGLE TABLE allows -store information w/ aim in Qualitative and quantitative
distribution of OBSERVATION presenting detailed statistical
ACROSS MANY VARIABLES data
-tabulation for smaller data
DUMMY TABLE Complete but except data. It Help to clarify INSTRUMENT. Qualitative and quantitative.
give preview of what table Hep protocol review &
outputs expected. computer programmer.
Table by number(one way tables) Has only 1 variable Qualitative and quantitative
Table by number(two way tables) 2 variables Qualitative and quantitative.
Table by number(three way tables) 3 variables Qualitative and quantitative.
 Meaning Purpose Variables used
1. Piechart Circles divided into Depicts whole Qualitative and Quantitative
several parts population and divide it
into sevral parts of
groups
2. Bar graph (one dimensional Consist of bars and axes. Emphasize
diagram) HEIGHT: MEASURE or DISCONTINUITIES.
QUANTty of variables
Simplea bar graph One qualitative only
Multiple bar graph 2 or more present
Horizontal bar graph Qualitative
Vertical bar graph Quantitative;DISCRETE
3. Component bsr graph Each bar ar divided into to emphasize different Qualitative; Nominal
sevral rectangle. Shaded between parts and
with different color whole( preferably
rather than pie charts)
4. Line graph(time series data) Dots that joined over Time series data quantitative
some period of time in Horixantal axes:
sequential series variables
Vertival axes: times
5. Histogram Bars are draw over the Used to depict relative Horizontal axes: Continous; qualitative
true limits of the frequency of data Vertical axes:
classes.no gaps in falling into given class Variables(measure)
between
6. Frequency polygon Similar to histogram. Quanitative
Freq. are plotted against
the corresponding MID
POINTS of classes
7. Stem and leaf For small set of data that Used to Show ACTUAL QUANTITATIVE
provide rank-ordered VALUE
and its is easier to
restore the original value

Comparing distribution
8. BOX PLOT Shows description of of several variables or X=QUALITIATIVE
large quantities distribution of single Y=QUANTITATIVE
vaiables in several
groups on same scale
9. SCATTER POINT DIAGRAM Shows relationship Shos relatonshipn in 2 QUANTITAIVE
between 2 quantitative variables
QUANTI.variables and GIVES ROUGH
ESTIMATIONA AND
CONDITION: DEGREE OF
CORRELATION

POSITIVE
RELATIONSHIP(RALTIVEL
Y PROPORTIONAL)

NEGATIVE RELATIONSHIP
(INVERSELY
PROPORTIONAL)

NO RELATIONSHIP
-SCATTERED DATA