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Free Vibration Part-A: Dynamics of Machinery

This document discusses the topic of machinery dynamics, specifically vibration. It covers concepts like natural frequency, types of vibrations, degrees of freedom, damping, resonance and critical speed. Methods to determine natural frequency are presented for different systems like springs, pendulums and liquid columns. Equations of motion are derived for longitudinally and transversely vibrating systems using various techniques. Effects of parameters like damping and added masses on the frequency response are analyzed.

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Monojit Konar
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244 views3 pages

Free Vibration Part-A: Dynamics of Machinery

This document discusses the topic of machinery dynamics, specifically vibration. It covers concepts like natural frequency, types of vibrations, degrees of freedom, damping, resonance and critical speed. Methods to determine natural frequency are presented for different systems like springs, pendulums and liquid columns. Equations of motion are derived for longitudinally and transversely vibrating systems using various techniques. Effects of parameters like damping and added masses on the frequency response are analyzed.

Uploaded by

Monojit Konar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Dynamics of Machinery

FREE VIBRATION
PART-A
1. What are the causes and effect of vibration?
2. Define frequency, cycle, period and free vibration.
3. What are the different types of vibrations?
4. State different method of finding natural frequency of a system.
5. What is meant by free vibration and forced vibration?
6. Define resonance.
7. at is meant by degrees of freedom in a vibrating system?
8. What is the natural frequency of simple spring mass system?
9. Determine the natural frequency of mass of 10kgsuspended at the bottom of two
springs (of stiffness: 5N/mm and 8N/mm) in series.
10. What is the effect of inertia on the shaft in longitudinal and transverse vibrations?
11. State the expression for the frequency of simple pendulum.
12. Give the expression for natural frequency of water, which oscillates in a ‘U’tube
manometer?
13. What are the different types of damping?
14. Draw the schematic diagram of a free damped vibration system and write the
governing differential equation of the system.
15. Sketch the Time Vs Displacement for under-damped and over-damped systems.
16. What is the limit beyond which damping is detrimental and why?
17. What is meant by critical damping?
18. What type of motion is exhibited by a vibrating system when it is critically damped?
19. Define critical or whirling speed.
20. What are the factors that affect the critical speed of a shaft?
21. What are the causes of critical speed?
22. Differentiate between transverse and torsional vibrations.

PART-B
1. Derive an expression for the natural frequency of the free longitudinal vibration by
 Equilibrium method
 Energy method
 Rayleigh’s method
2. In a single degree of damped vibration system a suspended mass of 8kg makes 30
oscillations in 18 seconds. The amplitude decreases in 18 seconds. The amplitude
decreases to 0.25 of the initial value after 5 oscillations. Determine
a. The spring stiffness
b. Logarithmic decrement
c. Damping factor
d. Damping coefficient.
3. Determine equation of motion when a liquid column vibrating in a ‘U’tube by
a. Newton’s method
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Dynamics of Machinery

b. Energy method and hence find its natural frequency.


4. (i)Deduce the expression for the free longitudinal vibration in terms of spring
stiffness, its inertia effect and suspended mass.
(ii)A spring mass system has spring stiffness ‘s’N/m and has a mass of ‘m’kg. It has
the natural frequency of vibration as 12Hz.An extra 2kg mass is coupled to ‘m’ and
natural frequency reduces by 2Hz.Find the value of ‘s’ and ‘m’.
5. A vibrating system consists of a mass of 8kg, spring of stiffness 5.6N/m and dashpot
of damping coefficient of 40N/m/s. Find,
 Critical damping coefficient
 The damping factor
 The natural frequency of damped vibration
 The logarithmic decrement
 The ratio of two consecutive amplitude
 The number of cycle after which the original amplitude is reduced to 20
percent.
6. An instrument vibrates with a frequency of 1Hz when there is no damping. When the
damping is provided, the frequency of damped vibration was observed to be 0.9Hz.
Find,
a. Damping factor
b. Logarithmic decrement.
7. Find the equation of notion for the spring mass-dashpot system for the cases when
a. ζ=2,
b. ζ=1 and
c. ζ=0.3.
The mass ‘m’is displaced by a distance of 30mm and released
8. Between a solid mass of 0kg and the floor are kept two slabs of isolates, natural
rubber and felt, in series. The natural rubber slab has a stiffness of 3000N/m and
equivalent viscous damping coefficient of 100 N-sec/m. The felt has a stiffness of
12000N/m and equivalent viscous damping coefficient of 330N-sec/m. Determine
undamped and the damped natural frequencies of the system in vertical direction.
9. A cantilever shaft 50mm diameter and 300mm long has a disc of mass 100kg at its
free end. The young’s modulus for the shaft material is 200GN/m2.SDetermine the
frequency of longitudinal and transverse vibration of the shaft. (ii)Explain the
sketches different cases of damped vibrations.
10. The barrel of a large gun recoils against a spring on firing. At the end of the firing, a
dashpot is engaged that allows the barrel to return to its original position in
minimum time without oscillation. Gun barrel mass is 400kg and initial velocity of
recoils 1m.Determine spring stuffiness and critical damping coefficient of dashpot.
11. A steel shaft 100mm in diameter is loaded and support in shaft bearing 0.4m apart.
The shaft carries three loads: first mass 12kg at the centre, second mass 10kg at a
distance 0.12m from the left bearing and third mass of 7kg at a distance 0.09m from

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Dynamics of Machinery

the right bearing. Find the value of the critical speed by using Dunkerley’s method.
E=2X1011N/m2

Varun B Page 3

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