1. How do I share a printer with multiple computers?

Answer: Many households now have multiple computers, but only one printer.
Therefore, it makes sense for several computers to be able to share a single printer.
Fortunately, most modern operating systems include a feature called "printer
sharing" that allows you to do just that.
Below are instructions for Windows and Macintosh computers. Follow these steps
on the computer the printer is plugged into.
Windows 7

1. Open the Windows Control Panel.

2. Select "Network and Sharing Center."
3. Click "Change advanced sharing settings."
4. Click the downward facing arrow to expand the current network profile.
5. Under File and printer sharing, select "Turn on file and printer sharing."
6. Click "Save changes" and enter your password if necessary. This will turn
on file and printer sharing.
7. Click the Start menu, then select "Devices and Printers."
8. Right-click the printer you want to share, then click Printer properties.
9. Click the Sharing tab and check the box next to "Share this printer."
Once you have completed the above steps, other computers connected to your
local network will be able to access the shared printer. In order to use the printer,
each user will need to add the printer by following the steps below.

1. Click the Start menu, then select "Devices and Printers."

2. Select "Add a printer."
3. Click "Add a network, wireless, or Bluetooth printer."
4. Select the shared printer and click Next.
5. Follow the instructions on the screen to set up your printer.
2. What Is an IP Address?
"IP" stands for Internet Protocol, so an IP address is an Internet Protocol address.

What does that mean?

An Internet Protocol is a set of rules that govern Internet activity and facilitate
completion of a variety of actions on the World Wide Web.

Therefore, an Internet Protocol address is part of the systematically laid out

interconnected grid that governs online communication by identifying both
initiating devices and various Internet destinations, thereby making two-way
communication possible.

IPv4 address

 consists of four numbers, each of which contains one to three digits, with a single
dot (.) separating each number or set of digits. Each of the four numbers can range
from 0 to 255.

IPv4 displays addresses as a 32-bit numerical number written in decimal format.

example 78.125.0.209

The way IPv4 addresses are constructed means it's able to provide over 4 billion
unique IP addresses (232) even if still be insufficient to provide an IP address for all
of them.

This innocuous-looking group of four numbers is the key that empowers you and
me to send and retrieve data over our Internet connections, ensuring that our
messages, as well as our requests for data and the data we've requested, will reach
their correct Internet destinations.

Without this numeric protocol, sending and receiving data over the World Wide
Web would be impossible.

IPv6 address 

consists of eight groups of four hexadecimal digits. If a group consists of four

zeros, the notation can be shortened using a colon to replace the zeros.

IPv6 supports a whopping 340 trillion, trillion, trillion addresses (2128). 

notation can be shortened using a colon to replace the zeros.

IPv6 written in hexadecimal to display them.

Example: - 3ffe: 1900:4545:3:200: f8ff: fe21:67cf

Types of IP address

1) private IP addresses
2) public IP addresses
3) static IP addresses
4) dynamic IP addresses. 
A. static IP address
 Static IP addresses never change.
 They serve as a permanent Internet address and provide a simple and
reliable way for remote computers to contact you.
 preferable for such  VOIP(Voice over Internet Protocol), online
gaming, or any other purpose where users need to make it easy for
other computers to locate and connect to them. 
  considered somewhat less secure than dynamic IP addresses.
B. dynamic IP address
 temporary assigned (via DHCP) each time a computer joins a
network.
 borrowed from a pool of IP addresses that are shared among various
computers. 
C. public IP addresses
 A public IP address is globally unique and can only be assigned to a
unique device.
 A public IP address is the address that is assigned to a computing
device to allow direct access over the Internet.
 Eg: - A web server, email server and any server device directly
accessible from the Internet are candidate for a public IP address.
D. private IP addresses
 A private IP address is the address space allocated by InterNIC to
allow organizations to create their own private network. 
  There are three IP blocks (1 class A, 1 class B and 1 class C) reserved
for a private use.
 The computers, tablets and smartphones sitting behind your home,
and the personal computers within an organization are usually
assigned private IP addresses.

what is ipconfig?

Internet Protocol Configuration (ipconfig) is a Windows console application that

has the ability to gather all data regarding current Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) configuration values and then display this data
on a screen. Ipconfig also refreshes the Domain Name System (DNS) and Dynamic
Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) settings each time it is invoked. When
invoked without additional parameters, ipconfig simply displays the IP address,
default gateway and subnet mask for all available adapters.

This command is mostly useful for computers that are set to obtain an IP address
automatically, as it allows users to check which address is assigned by the DHCP
or other configuration protocols.

What is Ping?
A ping is perhaps the most commonly used tool when troubleshooting a network.
Ping (Packet Internet Groper) tool is included with most operating systems. It is
invoked using a ping command. Ping command uses ICMP (Internet Control
Message Protocol). Ping works by sending an ICMP echo request message to the
specified IP address. If the computer with the destination IP address is reachable, it
responds with an ICMP echo reply message.
 
A ping command usually outputs some other information about a network
performance, e.g. a round-trip time, a time to send an ICMP request packet and
receive an ICMP reply packet.
 
Here is an output of the ping command from Windows 7:
 

 
In the example above, we have pinged the ip address 10.10.100.1. By default, ping
on Windows sends four ICMP request packets. As you can see from the output
above, the host with the IP address of 10.10.100.1 is reachable and has replied with
four ICMP reply packets. You can also see that the remote host has replied within
1 ms, which indicates that the network is not congested.