Ma. Gellie R.

Ocan Wednesday (10:00-12:00)

BSA-2

A. HISTORY
James Naismith was the Canadian physical education instructor who invented basketball in 1891. James Naismith
was born in Almonte, Ontario and educated at McGill University and Presbyterian Cllege in Montreal. He was the
physical education teacher at McGill University (1887 to 1890) and at Springfield College in Springfield,
Massachusetts (1890 to 1895). At Springfield College (which was then the Y.M.C.A. training school), James
Naismith, under the direction of American phys-ed specialist Luther Halsey Gulick, invented the indoor sport of
basketball.

The first formal rules were devised in 1892. Initially, players dribbled a soccer ball up and down a court of
unspecified dimensions. Points were earned by landing the ball in a peach basket. Iron hoops and a hammock-style
basket were introduced in 1893. Another decade passed, however, before the innovation of open-ended nets put
an end to the practice of manually retrieving the ball from the basket each time a goal was scored.

In 1959, James Naismith was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame (called the Naismith Memorial Hall of
Fame.)

B.RULES and REGULATIONS

Let me first explain the objectives and playing rules of basketball. According to NBA rules, basketball is played on a
rectangular maple wood court measuring 94 feet by 50 feet. The point of the game is to try throwing the ball
through a circular hoop as many times as possible. The hoop is situated 10 feet above the court and has only
slightly larger circumference than the basketball itself. There are two such mounted hoops at opposite ends of the
court where the two teams can score. The two teams are simultaneously trying to stop the opposition team from
scoring while trying to score themselves. Each of the teams have 5 players on the field. The players pass the ball to
each other or move with the ball by bouncing it (called dribbling) continuously. Kicking the ball or using the fist is
not allowed.

Points are scored when the ball is thrown through the hoop (called as Basket). If the basket is thrown from more
than 7.2 m of the hoop, the team that has scored the basket gains 3 points. If the basket is thrown from closer than
7.2 m, the scoring team gets 2 points. The game is played over 4 quarters of 12 minutes each in NBA. There is a
break of 15 minutes at the half time and 2 minutes for other breaks. The clock is stopped when there is a stoppage
in the play. There is an overtime of 5 minutes. At the end of the entire playing period, the team with the maximum
points wins.

C. POSITIONS
Although the rules do not specify any positions whatsoever, they have evolved as part of basketball. During the
first five decades of basketball's evolution, one guard, two forwards, and two centers or two guards, two forwards,
and one center were used. Since the 1980s, more specific positions have evolved, namely:
1. point guard: usually the fastest player on the team, organizes the team's offense by controlling the ball
and making sure that it gets to the right player at the right time
2. shooting guard: creates a high volume of shots on offense; guards the opponent's best perimeter player
on defense
3. small forward: often primarily responsible for scoring points via cuts to the basket and dribble
penetration; on defense seeks rebounds and steals, but sometimes plays more actively
4. power forward: plays offensively often with their back to the basket; on defense, plays under the basket
(in a zone defense) or against the opposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
 5. center: uses height and size to score (on offense), to protect the basket closely (on defense), or to
rebound.
The above descriptions are flexible. On some occasions, teams will choose to use a three guard offense, replacing
one of the forwards or the center with a third guard. The most commonly interchanged positions are point guard
and shooting guard, especially if both players have good leadership and ball handling skills.

D. EQUIPMENTS
The only essential equipment in a basketball game is the basketball and the court: a flat, rectangular surface with
baskets at opposite ends. Competitive levels require the use of more equipment such as clocks, scoresheets,
scoreboard(s), alternating possession arrows, and whistle-operated stop-clock systems.An outdoor basketball
net.A regulation basketball court in international games is 28 metres (91.9 ft) long and 15 metres (49.2 ft) wide. In
the NBA and NCAA the court is 94 feet (28.7 m) by 50 feet (15.2 m). Most courts have wood flooring, usually
constructed from maple planks running in the same direction as the longer court dimension. [39] The name and logo
of the home team is usually painted on or around the center circle.The basket is a steel rim 18 inches (45.7 cm) in
diameter with an attached net affixed to a backboard that measures 6 feet (182.9 cm) by 3.5 feet (106.7 cm), and
one basket is at each end of the court. The white outlined box on the backboard is 18 inches (45.7 cm) high and
2 feet (61.0 cm) wide. At almost all levels of competition, the top of the rim is exactly 10 feet (305 cm) above the
court and 4 feet (121.9 cm) inside the baseline. While variation is possible in the dimensions of the court and
backboard, it is considered important for the basket to be of the correct height - a rim that is off by just a few
inches can have an adverse effect on shooting.
The size of the basketball is also regulated. For men, the official ball is 29.5 inches (74.9 cm) in circumference (size
7, or a "295 ball") and weighs 22 ounces (624 g). If women are playing, the official basketball size is 28.5 inches
(72.4 cm) in circumference (size 6, or a "285 ball") with a weight of 20 ounces (567 g).

COURT
E. HAND SIGNALS

F. FUNDAMENTAL POSITIONS

1. Shooting is the act of attempting to score points by throwing the ball through the basket.

2. A pass is a method of moving the ball between players.

3. Dribbling is the act of bouncing the ball continuously with one hand, and is a requirement for a player to take
steps with the ball.

4. A block is performed when, after a shot is attempted, a defender succeeds in altering the shot by touching the
ball.