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N M N M V N DM: Chapter No. 1 Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the quantitative study of chemical reactions and amounts of substances involved. It allows for interconversion between mass, number of particles, and moles. A mole is defined as 6.023 x 1023 particles, such as atoms, molecules, or ions. This is known as Avogadro's number. Medical diagnostics uses quantitative analysis to determine levels of substances like glucose, steroids, and cholesterol in samples.

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74 views1 page

N M N M V N DM: Chapter No. 1 Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the quantitative study of chemical reactions and amounts of substances involved. It allows for interconversion between mass, number of particles, and moles. A mole is defined as 6.023 x 1023 particles, such as atoms, molecules, or ions. This is known as Avogadro's number. Medical diagnostics uses quantitative analysis to determine levels of substances like glucose, steroids, and cholesterol in samples.

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Abdul Qayyum
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Chapter No.

1 N m V
 n
Stoichiometry NA M 22.4dm3
Stoichiometry is the quantitative chemistry deals with wh e re m is th e m a ss, M is th e a to m ic / m o le c u la r m a ss
calculations involved in the interconversion of mater
N is th e n u m b e r o f p a rtic le s (a to m s, m o le c u le s o r io n s)
during any physical or chemical change.
Quantitative analysis is the determination of the Mo le  m a ss
concentration of different substances present in Mo le  No o f p a rtic le s
sample.
Medical diagnostics uses the results of chemical
analysis i.e. glucose is determined in blood of diabetes,
steroids and other stimulants are determined in the
urine of athletes and cholesterol level in blood is
determined by quantative analysis.
Relative atomic mass
It is the mass of one atom of the element compared
with 1/12th the mass of one atom of 612C.
One gram atom of any element is the relative atomic
mass of the element expressed in grams.
Relative atomic mass of Cl is 35.5 amu
Relative atomic mass of S is 32.1 amu Standard Temperature & Pressure (STP)
One gram atom of chlorine would be 35.5 g T = 0oC or 273K
One gram atom of Sulphur would be 32.1 g P = 1 atm
Mole and Avogadro’s No n = 1 mole
Mole is a counting unit just like V= 22.4 dm3
12 similar things = 1 dozen It is called molar volume (volume of one mole).
144 similar things = 1 gross 1 dm3 = 1 litre = 1000 cm3 = 1000 mL
20 similar things = 1 score
6.023 × 1023 similar things (atoms, molecules, ions) =
1 mole
Avogadro’s Number (NA)
The number of particles in one mole of a substance is
called Avogadro’s No.
1 mole = 6.023 × 1023 particles
It is determined by Italian scientist Amadeo Avogadro.
When atomic mass, molecular mass or formula mass
of an element, molecular compound or ionic
compound is expressed in gram, is called Mole.
1 mole of Na = 23 g = 6.023 × 1023 Na atoms
1 mole of H2O = 18 g = 6.023 × 1023 H2O molecules
1 mole of NaCl = 58.5 g = 6.023 × 1023 NaCl formula unit
Formulas of Mole

m N
n n
M NA

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