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Attribution Theory: FRITZ HEIDER'S Common Sense Psychology in Attribution Theory

Attribution theory seeks to explain how people interpret events and behaviors. There are two main types of attribution: internal attributions related to ability, effort, personality etc. and external attributions related to environment, luck or other people. Several theorists contributed frameworks for understanding attribution. Fritz Heider proposed naive psychology to analyze behavior with explanations. Edward Jones and Keith Davis described correspondent inferences about choice, expectedness and effects of behaviors. Harold Kelley's covariation model examined consensus, distinctiveness and consistency information. Bernard Weiner developed the major paradigm of social psychology regarding how people interpret events and how this relates to thinking and behavior. His three-stage process involves perceiving behavior, determining intent, and assessing controllability. Attribution theory also

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Jnard brier
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127 views

Attribution Theory: FRITZ HEIDER'S Common Sense Psychology in Attribution Theory

Attribution theory seeks to explain how people interpret events and behaviors. There are two main types of attribution: internal attributions related to ability, effort, personality etc. and external attributions related to environment, luck or other people. Several theorists contributed frameworks for understanding attribution. Fritz Heider proposed naive psychology to analyze behavior with explanations. Edward Jones and Keith Davis described correspondent inferences about choice, expectedness and effects of behaviors. Harold Kelley's covariation model examined consensus, distinctiveness and consistency information. Bernard Weiner developed the major paradigm of social psychology regarding how people interpret events and how this relates to thinking and behavior. His three-stage process involves perceiving behavior, determining intent, and assessing controllability. Attribution theory also

Uploaded by

Jnard brier
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ATTRIBUTION THEORY

FRITZ HEIDER'S Common Sense Psychology in Attribution Theory


– also called NAIVE PSYCHOLOGY
– it observes and analyzes behavior with explanations.
– it includes two types of attribution:
INTERNAL • ability • personality • mood • effort • attitude • disposition
EXTERNAL • task • other people • luck • environment or social situation

EDWARD JONES & KEITH DAVIS' Correspondent Inferences


Basic Three Factors:
1. Degree of choice
2. Expectedness of behavior
3. Effects of someone's behavior

HAROLD KELLEY'S Covaration Model


Three Main Types:
1. Consensus Information – same situation with same stimulus behave
2. Distinctive Information – how the individual responds to differnt stimulus.
3. Consistency Information – how frequent the individual's behavior can be observed with
similar stimulus.
Levels of Covaration:
High Low
Consensus – many people agree – very few can agree
Distinctive – very unusual – fairly common
Consistency – continues – goes away quickly
for a length of time

BERNARD WEINER'S Attribution Theory


– concerned with how individuals interpret events and how this relates to their thinking
and behavior.
– developed the theoretical framework that has become the major paradigm of social
psychology.
– why people do what they do.
Three-Stage Process:
A person must:
1. perceived and observed the behavior;
2. believe that the behavior was intentionally performed; and
3. determined if they believe the other person was forced to perform the behavior or not.
Factors Affecting Attribution For Achievement:
1. ability 3. task 5. luck
2. effort 4. difficulty
Three-Causal Dimensions:
1. Locus of control – It is the nexus or connection of controlling yourself within internal and
external factors that defined the behavior is motivated by internal and external factors.
2. Stability – It refers whether the cause of event is stable or unstable across a period of
time and situation.
3. Controllability – It contrasts causes from one skill can control from that of is not.

BIAS AND ERRORS IN ATTRIBUTION THEORY


1. Fundamental attribution error
– The achivement depends on their personality-based (internal) factors rather than the
situational (external) factors.
2. Culture Bias
– The achivement of the learners depends on what family, tribes and natipn they came
from.
3. Actor/Observer Differences
– It addresses a person's behaviot to their personality-based factors (internal) while your
own is to situational factors (external).
4. Dispositional Attributions
– personality, character, ability
5. Self-serving Bias
– It addresses personalty-based for success; Situational factors for failures.
6. Defensive Attribution Hypothesis
– belief held by an individual with the function of depending themselves from the concerns.

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