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Conditional Sentence

Conditional sentences are used to speculate about hypothetical or uncertain situations. There are four main types of conditional sentences: zero conditional, first conditional, second conditional, and third conditional. A zero conditional refers to general truths using a simple present tense. A first conditional refers to a possible present or future situation using a simple present and future tense. A second conditional refers to an unlikely or hypothetical past situation using past and conditional tenses. A third conditional refers to an unlikely past situation and its outcome using past perfect and conditional perfect tenses. There is also a mixed conditional that refers to an unlikely past situation and its present outcome.

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Bunnarin Chrun
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31 views

Conditional Sentence

Conditional sentences are used to speculate about hypothetical or uncertain situations. There are four main types of conditional sentences: zero conditional, first conditional, second conditional, and third conditional. A zero conditional refers to general truths using a simple present tense. A first conditional refers to a possible present or future situation using a simple present and future tense. A second conditional refers to an unlikely or hypothetical past situation using past and conditional tenses. A third conditional refers to an unlikely past situation and its outcome using past perfect and conditional perfect tenses. There is also a mixed conditional that refers to an unlikely past situation and its present outcome.

Uploaded by

Bunnarin Chrun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conditional sentence

Conditional sentences are used to speculate about what could happen, what might have happened,
and what we wish would happen. There are 2 main clause in conditional sentence: main clause and if
clause. There are 4 types of conditional clause: Zero conditional, First conditional, Second conditional
and Third conditional. There is also another type of conditional clause: Mixed type conditional. The list
below will show about all the types of conditional clause.
Conditional If clause verb
Usage Main clause verb tense
sentence type tense
Zero General truths Simple present Simple present
A possible condition and its
Type 1 Simple present Simple future
probable result
A hypothetical condition and its Present conditional or Present
Type 2 Simple past
probable result continuous con.
An unreal past condition and its
Type 3 Past perfect Perfect conditional
probable result in the past
An unreal past condition and its
Mixed type Past perfect Present conditional
probable result in the present

The zero conditional


The zero conditional is used for when the time being referred to is now or always and the situation is
real and possible. The zero conditional is often used to refer to general truths.
If clause Main clause
If + simple present simple present
If this thing happens that thing happens.
If you heat ice it melts.
If it rains the grass gets wet.

The first Conditional


The type 1 conditional is used to refer to the present or future where the situation is real. The type 1
conditional refers to a possible condition and its probable result.

If clause Main clause


If + simple present simple future
If this thing happens that thing will happen.
If you don't hurry you will miss the train.
If it rains today you will get wet.
The Second conditional
The type 2 conditional is used to refer to a time that is now or any time, and a situation that is
unreal. These sentences are not based on fact. The type 2 conditional is used to refer to a hypothetical
condition and its probable result.
If clause Main clause
If + simple past present conditional or present continuous conditional
that thing would happen. (but I'm not sure this thing will
If this thing happened
happen) or that thing would be happening.
If you went to bed earlier you would not be so tired.
If it rained you would get wet.
If I spoke Italian I would be working in Italy.

The third conditional


The type 3 conditional is used to refer to a time that is in the past, and a situation that is contrary to
reality. The facts they are based on are the opposite of what is expressed. The type 3 conditional is used
to refer to an unreal past condition and its probable past result.
If clause Main clause
If + past perfect perfect conditional or perfect continuous conditional
that thing would have happened. (but neither of those things
If this thing had happened
really happened) or that thing would have been happening.
If you had studied harder you would have passed the exam.
If it had rained you would have gotten wet.
If I had accepted that promotion I would have been working in Milan.

The Mixed type conditional


The mixed type conditional is used to refer to a time that is in the past, and a situation that is ongoing
into the present. The facts they are based on are the opposite of what is expressed. The mixed type
conditional is used to refer to an unreal past condition and its probable result in the present.
If clause Main clause
If + past perfect or simple past present conditional or perfect conditional
that thing would happen. (but this thing didn't happen so that
If this thing had happened
thing isn't happening)
If I had worked harder at school I would have a better job now.
If we had looked at the map we wouldn't be lost.
If you weren't afraid of spiders you would have picked it up and put it outside.

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