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Unit 4 - Order of Operation

The document discusses the order of operations (PEMDAS) that must be followed when evaluating mathematical expressions: 1) Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction, from left to right. 2) Several examples are provided showing step-by-step workings of expressions following PEMDAS order. 3) Expressions are simplified by first evaluating expressions within grouping symbols like parentheses and brackets, then exponents, followed by multiplication/division from left to right, and finally addition/subtraction from left to right.

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Emz Gelogo
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
144 views

Unit 4 - Order of Operation

The document discusses the order of operations (PEMDAS) that must be followed when evaluating mathematical expressions: 1) Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication, Division, Addition, Subtraction, from left to right. 2) Several examples are provided showing step-by-step workings of expressions following PEMDAS order. 3) Expressions are simplified by first evaluating expressions within grouping symbols like parentheses and brackets, then exponents, followed by multiplication/division from left to right, and finally addition/subtraction from left to right.

Uploaded by

Emz Gelogo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fundamentals of Mathematics Engr. Khrisna Mae C.

Gelogo, ECE, LPT


Unit 4: ORDER OF OPERATION Check your progress:
• Operations in mathematical expressions must be evaluated 1) 18 + (-17) – [(14÷7) (22) - 17]
in a systematic order, which can be simplified using the 2) -45 + |-20| + (-17) + (4) (1-2)
acronym PEMDAS: 3) (7) (5-2) – (2) [(6-3) – 32] + 1
P - parentheses 4) 10 – [52 + |-8| - 12] + (500) (0)
E - exponents 5) 15 – 62 + 4 (9 + 42) – [(85+55) (24 – 47)]
MD – multiplication and division
AS – addition and subtraction

1. Simplify any expression within grouping symbols


(braces, brackets and/or parentheses).
2. Simplify any expressions containing exponents or
radicals.
3. Perform any multiplication and division in order, from left
to right.
4. Perform any addition and subtraction in order, from left
to right.

Example:
1) (6 • 6) – (4) (6+2)
= 36 – (4) (8) Simplify parentheses
= 36 – 32 Simplify multiplication
=4 Simplify subtraction

2) 6 - |5 – 8| + (3) (4-1)
= 6 - |-3| + (3) (3) Simplify inside grouping symbols
= 6 – 3 + (3) (3) Simplify absolute value
=6–3+9 Simplify multiplication
=3+9 Simplify subtraction
= 12 Simplify addition

3) [8(5•2)] ÷ 4 – (3+1)(-4)
= [8(10)] ÷ 4 – (4)(-4) Simplify inside parentheses
= 80 ÷ 4 – 4(-4) Simplify grouping symbols
= 20 – (4)(-4) Simplify division
= 20 – (-16) Simplify multiplication
= 20 + 16 Simplify subtraction
= 36 Simplify addition

4) (1+3)2 – [(4)(-2) ÷ 8](3+2)


= (4)2 – [(4)(-2) ÷ 8](5) Simplify inside parentheses
= (4)2 – [(-8) ÷ 8](5) Simplify inside parentheses
= (4)2 – (-1) (5) Simplify inside parentheses
= (4)2 – (-5) Simplify grouping symbols
= 16 – (-5) Simplify exponents
= 16 + 5 Simplify subtraction
= 21 Simplify addition

5) [15 ÷ (3) (-1)][52 + 16 – (4)(1-0) + 3]


= [15 ÷ (3) (-1)][52 + 16 – (4)(1) + 3]
= [15 ÷ (-3)](52 + 16 – 4 + 3)
= (15 ÷ (-3)](25 + 16 – 4 + 3)
= (-5)(25 + 16 – 4 + 3)
= (-5)(41 – 4 + 3)
= (-5)(37 + 3)
= (-5)(40)
= -200

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