bank job question : written math solution

01. The average price of 10 books is tk. 12 while the average price of 8 of these books is tk.
11.75. Of the remaining two books, if the price of one book is 60% more than the price of
the other, what is the price of each of these two books?

Solution: 

Total cost of 10 books = tk. 120.

Total cost of 8 books = tk. 94.

So, The cost of 2 books = tk. (94/8)×2 = tk 26.

Let,

the price of each book be x and y.

So, x + y = 26 —————- (1)

Given,

the price of 1 book is 60% more than the other price

(160/100)y +y=26

Or, y(160/100+1) = 26.

Or, y =(26×100)/260.

Or, y = 10. 

From (1),

x + y = 26

Or, x + 10 = 26

Or, x = 16.

02. The population of a city is 35000. On an increase of 6% in the number of men and an
increase of 4% in the number of women, the population would become 36760. What was
the number of women initially?

Solution: 
Let,

number of men in the population be x.

So, Number of women = (35000-x)

Increase in the number of men = 6% of x = 6x/100

Increase in the number of women = (3500-x)×(4/100)

Increase in whole population = 36760-35000 = 1760

Now,

6x/100 + [(35000-x)×4/100] = 1760

Or, [(6x-4x)+35000×4]/100 = 1760

Or, 2x+35000×4 = 1760×100

Or, 2x = 176000-35000×4

X = 18000

Number of men = 18000

Number of women = 35000-18000 = 17000.

03. An ore contains 25% of an alloy that has 90% iron. Other than this, in the remaining
75% of the ore, there is no iron. How many kilograms of the ore are needed to obtain 60 kg
of pure iron?

Solution: 

Let,

there is 100 kg of ore.

25% ore contains 90% off Iron

that means 25 kg contains 25×(90/100) = 22.5 kg Iron

22.5 kg Iron remains in 100 kg of ore

Then, 1 kg of iron remains in = 100/22.5 kg ore

Hence,
60 kg iron remains in = (100×60)/22.5 = 266.66 kg ore.

04. In an institute, 60% of the students are boys and the rest are girls. Further 15% of the
boys and 7.5% of the girls are getting a fee waiver. If the number of those getting a fee
waiver is 90, find the total number of students getting 50% concessions if it is given that
50% of those not getting a fee waiver are eligible to get half fee concession?

Solution: 

Let,

assume there are 100 students in the institute.

Then, number of boys = 60

And, number of girls = 40

Further, 15% of boys i.e. = (15×60)/100 = 9 boys get fee waiver

So, boys do not get fee waiver = (60-9) = 51

7.5 % of girls i.e. = (7.5×40)/100 = 3 girls get fee waiver

So, girls do not get fee waiver = (40-3) = 37

Total students get fee waiver = (9+3) = 12

But, here given, 90 students are getting fee waiver.

So we compare,

12 = 90

So, 1 = 90/12 = 7.5

50% concession = 50% of 51 boys = 25.5 boys and

50% of 37 girls = 18.5 girls

Total = (25.5+18.5) = 44 students. 

Hence, required students = 44×7.5 = 330. 

05. The length, breadth and height of a room are in ratio 3:2:1. If breadth and height are
halved while the length is doubled, then the total area of the four walls of the room will:

Solution: 
Let length, breadth and height of the room be 3, 2, 1 unit respectively. 

Area of walls = 2(l+b)×h = 2(3+2)×1 = 10 sq. unit.

ATQ,

length, breadth and height of room will become 6, 1 and 1/2 respectively. 

Now, area of walls = 2(6+1)×1/2 = 7 sq. unit.

% decrease in the area of walls = {(10-7)×100}/10 = 30%.

06. Every month a man consumes 25 kg rice and 9 kg wheat. The price of rice is 20% of the
price of wheat and thus he spends total tk. 350 on the rice and wheat per month. If the
price of wheat is increased by 20% then what is the percentage reduction of rice
consumption for the same expenditure of tk. 350? Given that the price of rice and
consumption of wheat is constant:

Solution: 

Let,

the price of wheat is x per kg.

Then,

price of wheat will be 5x per kg.

Expenditure on rice = 25×x = 25x. 

Expenditure of wheat = 9×5x = 45x. 

Total cost, 

25x + 45x = 350. 

Or, 70x = 350. 

Or, x = 5. 

Hence,

price of Rice = tk. 5 per kg. 

Price of wheat = 5x = 5×5 = 25 per kg. 

After 20% increase, price of wheat = 25 × (120/100) = 30 per kg. 

Let the new amount of rice is N kg, then

N×5 + 9×30 = 350. 

Or, 5N = 350 – 270

Or, 5N = 80

Or, N = 16 kg.

% decrease in the amount of rice = [(25-16)×100]/25 = 36%.

07. In an office in Singapore there are 60% female employees. 50 % of all the male
employees are computer literate. If there are total 62% employees computer literate out of
total 1600 employees, then the no. of female employees who are computer literate?

Solution: 

Total employees = 1600

Female employees, 60% of 1600 = (60 ×1600) /100 = 960.

Then male employees = (1600 – 960) = 640

Male computer literate = 50 % of 640 = 320

Total computer literate = 62 % of 1600 = (62 ×1600) /100 = 992

Thus, Female computer literate = 992 – 320  = 672.

08. The price of a car depreciates in the first year by 25% in the second year by 20% in third
year by 15% and so on. The final price of the car after 3 years, if the present cost of the car
is tk. 10,00,000:

Solution: 

Let,

present cost of the car = 10,00,000 tk

After 25% depreciation,

cost of the car = 75% of 10,00,000 = 75× 10,00,000/100 = 7,50,000 tk

After 20% depreciation,

cost of the car = 80% of 3x/4 = 80 × 7,50,000/100 = 6,00,000 tk

After 15% depreciation,

cost of the car = 85% of 6,00,000 = 85 × 6,00,000/100 = 5,10,000 tk

09.600 students took the test on Physics and chemistry. 35% students failed in Physics and
45% students failed in chemistry and 40% of those who passed in chemistry also passed in
Physics, then how many students failed in both:

Solution:

Now,

passed in Chemistry, 55% of 600 = (55 × 600) / 100 = 330

From question, 40% of those who passed in Chemistry (330 Students) also passed in physics
= (40 × 330) / 100 = 132

So, 132 students passed in both.

Therefore % of students who passed in both = (132 × 100) / 600 = 22%

Passed in both subject = 22% of total students

% of students who passed in either Physics or Chemistry or both,

= (65 +55) -22 = 98%

Thus, percentage of students who failed in both subjects = (100 – 98) % = 2%

Number of students who failed = 2% of 600 = 12.

10. In a factory there are three types of machine M1, M2 and M3 which produces 25%,
35% and 40% of the total products respectively. M1, M2 and M3 produces 2%, 4% and 5%
defective products, respectively. what is the percentage of non-defective products?

Solution: 

Non-defective products M1 = 25 X 0.98 = 24.5% 

Non-defective products M2 = 35 X 0.96 = 33.6%

Non-defective products M3= 40 X 0.95 = 38%

Percentage of non-defective products = 24.5 + 33.6 + 38 = 96.1%

11. An empty fuel tank of a car was filled with A type petrol. When the tank was half-
empty, it was filled with B type petrol. Again when the tank was half-empty, it was filled
with A type petrol. When the tank was half-empty again, it was filled with B type petrol.
What is the percentage of A type petrol at present in the tank?

Solution:

Let,

the capacity of the tank be 100 litres.

Initially: A type petrol = 100 litres.

After first operation:

A type petrol = [(100/2)] = 50 litres; 

B type petrol = 50 litres.

After second operation:

A type petrol = [(50/2 + 50)] = 75 litres; 

B type petrol = [(50/2)] = 25 litres.

After third operation:

A type petrol = [(75/2)] = 37.5 litres;

B type petrol = [(25/2 + 50)] = 62.5 litres.

Required percentage = (100-67.5)% = 37.5%.

12. A reduction of 10% in the price of cloth enables a man to buy 6 meters of cloth more
for tk. 2160. Find the reduced price and also the original price of cloth per meter.

Solution:

Money spent originally = tk. 2160.

Less money to be spent for now for the same length of cloth,

= 10% of 2160 = tk. 216.

It means tk. 216 enables a man to buy 6 meters of cloth.

So, reduced price = 216/6 = tk. 36 per meter.

And the original price = (100 ×36)/90 = tk. 40 per meter.

13. By selling a bicycle for tk. 2,850, a shopkeeper gains 14%. If the profit is reduced to 8%,
then the selling price will be:

Solution: 

Let,

Cost Price was X.

So,

X + 14% of X = 2850

Or, X + 14X/100 = 2850

Or, X + 0.14X = 2850

Or, 1.14X = 2850

Or, X = 2500.

So, Cost Price = tk. 2500.

Now, Selling Price When profit remains at 8%,

= 2500 + 8% of 2500

= tk. 2700.

14. A person sold a horse at a gain of 15%. Had he bought it for 25% less and sold it for tk.
600 less, he would have made a profit of 32%. The cost price of the horse was:

Solution: 

Let,

the original CP = tk. X.

Hence,

SP= X + 15% of X = 115X/100 = tk. 23X/20.

New, CP = X – 25% of X = 75X/100 = 3X/4.

New SP = 3X/4 + 32% of 3X/4 = tk. 99X/100.

ATQ,
(23x/20) – (99x/100) = 600

Or, (115x-99x)/100 = 600

Or, 16x = 600*100

Or, X = 600×100/16 = tk. 3750.

15. A bicycle marked at tk. 2,000, is sold with two successive discount of 20% and 10%. An
additional discount of 5% is offered for cash payment. The selling price of the bicycle at
cash payment is:

Solution: 

Marked Price = 2000.

SP after first Discount of 20% = 2000 – 20% of 2000 = 1600.

SP after second Discount of 10% = 1600 – 10% of 1600 = 1440.

Now, the final selling price at cash = 1440 – 5% of 1440 = tk. 1368.

16. A sells an article to B at gain of 25% B sells it to C at a gain of 20% and C sells it to D at
a gain 10%. If D pays tk. 330 for it, how much did it cost to A?

Solution: 

Let,

Cost Price for A was 100.

Then CP for B = 100 + 25% of 100 = 125.

CP for C = 125 + 20% of 125 = 150.

CP for D = 150 + 10% of 150 = 165.

But, D pay tk. 330.

So,

165 = 330

1 = 330/165

100 = (330 × 100)/165 = 200.

Thus, CP for A = tk. 200.

17. A and B together can complete a work in 3 days. They start together but after 2 days, B
left the work. If the work is completed after two more days, B alone could do the work in:

Solution:

(A+B)’s one day’s work = 1/3 part;

(A+B) works 2 days together = 2/3 part;

Remaining work = 1-(2/3) = 1/3 part;

1/3 part of work is completed by A in two days;

Hence, one day’s work of A = 1/6;

Then, one day’s work of B = 1/3-1/6=1/6;

So, B alone can complete the whole work in 6 days.

18. Working 5 hours a day, A can Complete a work in 8 days and working 6 hours a day, B
can complete the same work in 10 days. Working 8 hours a day, they can jointly complete
the work in:

Solution:

Working 5 hours a day, A can complete the work in 8 days i.e.

= 5×8 = 40 hours;

Working 6 hours a day, B can complete the work in 10 days i.e. 

= 6×10 = 60 hours;

(A+B)’s 1 hour’s work,

= (1/40+1/60)

=(3+2)/120
= 5/120

= 1/24;

Hence, A and B can complete the work in 24 hours i.e. they require = (24/8) = 3 working
days to complete the work.

19. A complete 7/10 of a work in 15 days, then he completed the remaining work with the
help of B in 4 days. In how many days A and B can complete entire work together?
Solution: 
7/10 part of work has been completed by A in 15 days.

Then,
Rest work = 1-(7/10) = 3/10 part.

Given,

That 3/10 part of the work is completed by A and B together in 4 days. Means, 

(A+B) completed the 3/10 of work in 4 days.

So, (A+B)’s 1 day’s work = 3/(10×4) = 3/40;

Hence,
(A+B) can complete the work in 40/3 = 13(1/3) days.

20. A can complete a piece of work in 36 days, B in 54 days and C in 72 days. All the three
began the work the work together but A left 8 days before the completion of the work and
B 12 days before the completion of work. Only C worked up to the end. In how many days
was the work completed?

Solution: 

Let,

the work be completed in x days.

C work for x days

then A works for (x-8) days and

B works for (x-12) days.

ATQ,

[(x-8)/36 + (x-12)/54 + x/72] = 1

Or, [(6x-48+4x-48+3x)/216] = 1

Or, 13x-96 = 216

Or, 13x = 216+96 = 312

Or, x = 312/13 = 24 days.

21. A and B can compete a piece of work in 18 days. They worked together for 12 days and
then A left. B alone finished the work in 15 days. If tk. 1500 be paid for the work then A’s
share is:

Solution: 

A and B can complete the work in 18 days,

work rate = 100/18 = 5.55% per day.

They together can complete the work in 12 days = 5.55 × 12 = 66.66%.

Now, A leaves and B takes another 15 days to complete the whole work.

Work rate of B = 33.33/15 = 2.22% per day.

B work for (12+15) = 27 days.

So, Work done by B in 27 days = 2.22×27 = 60%

And So 40% work is done by A.

So, there share should be 60% and 40% ratio.

A’s share = 40% of 1500 = tk. 600.

22. A can do a piece of work in 4 hours; B and C together can do it in 3 hours, while A and C
together can do it in 2 hours. How long will B alone take to do it?

Solution:

A’s 1 hour’s work = ¼

(B+C)’s 1 hour’s work = 1/3

(A+ C)’s 1 hours work = ½

(A +B+C)’s 1 hours work = (1/4 + 1/3) = 7/12

B’s 1 hours work = (7/12 – 1/2) = 1/12

.: B alone will take 12 hours to do the work.

23. A and B can complete a work in 15 days and 10 days respectively. They started doing
the work together but after 2 days B had to leave and A alone completed the remaining
work. The whole work was completed in:

Solution:
(A+B)’s 1 day’s work = (1/15 + 1/10) = 1/6

Work done by A and B in 2 days = (2 × 1/6) = 1/3

Remaining work = (1 – 1/3) = 2/3

Now,

1/15 work is done by A in 1 day.

So, 2/3 work will be done by A in (15 × 2/3) = 10 days.

Hence, the total time taken = (10 + 2) = 12 days.

24. An alloy contains zinc, copper and tin in the ratio 2:3:1 and another contains copper, tin
and lead in the ratio 5:4:3. If equal weights of both alloys are melted together to form a
third alloy, then the weight of lead per kg in new alloy will be:

Solution: 

Ratio of Zinc, Copper and Tin is given as,

Z : C : T = 2 : 3 : 1.

Now, let the first alloy be 12 kg (taken as 4 kg Zinc, 6 kg Copper and 2 Kg Lead).

Weight of second alloy = 12 kg as, C : T : L = 5 : 4 : 3. (taken as 5 kg Copper, 4 kg Tin and 3

Kg Lead.)

Alloys are mixed together to form third alloy. Then the ratio of content in it,

Z : C : T : L = 4 : (6+5) : (2+4) : 3 

Weight of third alloy = 12+12 = 24 Kg.

So, weight of the Lead = 3/24 = 1/8 kg.

25. An amount of tk. 680 was invested at 6% rate of interest and another sum of money
was invested at 10% interest. If the average interest on the total at the end of the year was
7.5%, how much was invested at 10%?

Solution:

Let,

At 10% interest, x tk was invested.

ATQ,
(680×0.06 + 0.1x)/(680 + x) = 7.5/100

Or, (4008 + 0.1x)/(680 + x) = 7.5/100

Or, 4080 + 10x = 7.5x + 5100

Or, 2.5x = 1020

Or, x = 1020/2.5

Or, x = 408

26. A can contains a mixture of two liquids A and B is the ratio 7:5. When 9 litres of mixture
are drawn off and the can is filled with B, the ratio of A and B becomes 7:9. How many
litres of liquid A was contained by the can initially?

Solution:

Let,

the Can initially contains 7x and 5x of mixtures A and B respectively.

Quantity of A in mixture left

= (7x – 7/12 × 9) litres = (7x – 21/4) litres

Quantity of B in mixture left

= (5x- 5/12 × 9) litres = (5x – 15/4) litres

ATQ,

(7x – 21/4) / {(5x – 15/4)+9} = 7/9

Or, (28x – 21) / (20x + 21) = 7/9

Or, 252x – 189 = 140x + 147

Or, 112x = 336

Or, x = 3

So, initially A contained = 7x = 7 × 3 = 21 litres

27. Two trains running in opposite directions cross a man standing on the platform in 27
seconds and 17 seconds respectively and they cross each other in 23 seconds. The ratio of
their speeds is:
Solution:

Let the speeds of the two trains be x m/sec and y m/sec respectively.

Then, length of the first train = 27x metres,

and length of the second train = 17y metres.

So,

(27x + 17y)/(x+y) = 23

Or, 27x + 17y = 23x + 23y

Or, 4x = 6y

Or, x/y = 3/2

28. Two trains of equal length are running on parallel lines in the same direction at 46
km/hr and 36 km/hr. The faster train passes the slower train in 36 seconds. The length of
each train is:

Solution:

Let,

the length of each train be x metres.

Then, distance covered = 2x metres.

Relative speed

= (46 – 36) km/hr

= (10 × 5/18) m/sec

 = 25/9 m/sec

So,

2x/36 = 25/9

Or, 2x = 100

Or, x = 50
29. A train travelling at 48 kmph completely crosses another train having half its length and
travelling in opposite direction at 42 kmph, in 12 seconds. It also passes a railway platform
in 45 seconds. The length of the platform is

Solution:

Let the length of the first train be x metres.

Then, the length of the second train is (x/2) metres.

Relative speed = (48 + 42) kmph = (90 × 5/18) m/sec = 25 m/sec.

So,

{x + (x/2)}/25 = 12

Or, 3x = 300

Or, x = 200.

.: Length of first train = 200 m.

Let,

the length of platform be y metres.

Speed of the first train = (48 × 5/18) m/sec = 40/3 m/sec

Now,

(200 + y) × 3/40 = 45

Or, 600 + 3y = 1800

Or, y = 400 m.

So,

The length of the platform is = 400 m

30. Two stations A and B are 110 km apart on a straight line. One train starts from A at 7
a.m. and travels towards B at 20 kmph. Another train starts from B at 8 a.m. and travels
towards A at a speed of 25 kmph. At what time will they meet?

Solution:

Suppose they meet x hours after 7 a.m.

Distance covered by A in x hours = 20x km.

Distance covered by B in x hours =  25(x – 1) km.

So,

20x + 25(x – 1) = 110

Or, 45x = 135

Or, x = 3.

So, they meet at (7+3) = 10 a.m.

31. Simple interest on a certain sum of money for 3 years at 8% per annum is half the
compound interest on tk. 4000 for 2 years at 10% per annum. The sum placed on simple
interest is:

Solution:

Compound Interest

= {4000 × (1 + 10/100)2 – 4000}

= {4000 × (11/10)2 – 4000}

= {4000 × (11/10) × (11/10) – 4000}

= (4840 – 4000)

= 840

So,

Sum = (420 × 100)/(3×8)

= 1750

32. The ratio between the perimeter and the breadth of a rectangle is 5: 1. If the area of the
rectangle is 216 sq. cm, what is the length of the rectangle?

Solution:

2(l+b)/b = 5/1

Or, 2l + 2b = 5b

Or, 3b = 2l
Or, b = 2l/3

Then,

Area = 216 cm2

Or, l×b = 216

Or, l × 2l/3 = 216

Or, l2 = 324

Or, l = 18 cm

33. The length of a rectangular plot is 20 metres more than its breadth. If the cost of
fencing the plot © 26.50 per metre is Rs. 5300, what is the length of the plot in metres?

Solution:

Let,

breadth = x metres.

Then,

length = (x + 20) metres.

Perimeter = (5300/26.50) m = 200 m

Now,

2{(x+20) + x} = 200

Or, 2x + 20 = 100

Or, 2x = 80

Or, x = 40

Hence, length = x + 20 = 60 m.

34. A tank is 25 m long, 12 m wide and 6 m deep. The cost of plastering its walls and
bottom at 75 paisa per sq. m, is:

Solution:

Area to be plastered
= {2(l+ b) × h} + (l×b)

= {(2(25 + 12) × 6] + (25 × 12)} m2

= (444 + 300) m2

= 744 m2

So,

cost of plastering = (744 × 75/100) tk = 558 tk

35. A boat takes 90 minutes less to travel 36 miles downstream than to travel the same
distance upstream. If the speed of the boat in still water is 10 mph, the speed of the stream
is:

Solution: Let the speed of the stream x mph.

Then,

Speed downstream = (10 + x) mph,

Speed upstream = (10 – x) mph.

Now,

36/(10-x) –  36/(10+x) = 90/60

Or, 72x × 60 = 90 (100 – x2)

Or, x2 + 48x – 100 = 0

Or, (x+50)(x – 2) = 0

(x+50) = 0 is not acceptable.

So, x-2 = 0

Or, x= 2 mph

36. A bag contains 2 red, 3 green and 2 blue balls. Two balls are drawn at random. What is
the probability that none of the balls drawn is blue?

Solution:

Total number of balls = (2 + 3 + 2) = 7.

Let,
S be the sample space.

Then,

n(S) = Number of ways of drawing 2 balls out of 7

= 7C2

= 7!/(2!(7-2)!

= (7×6)/(2×1)

= 21

Let,

E = Event of drawing 2 balls, none of which is blue.  

n(E) = Number of ways of drawing 2 balls out of (2 + 3) balls.

= 5C2

= 5!/(2!(5-2)!

= (5×4)/(2×1)

= 10

So, P(E) = n(E)/n(S) = 10/21

37. In a box, there are 8 red, 7 blue and 6 green balls. One ball is picked up randomly. What
is the probability that it is neither red nor green?

Solution:

Total number of balls, n(S) = (8 + 7 + 6) = 21.

Let,

E = event that the ball drawn is neither red nor green

= event that the ball drawn is blue.

So,  n(E) = 7.

So, P(E) = n(E)/n(S) = 7/21 = 1/3

38. Two dice are tossed. The probability that the total score is a prime number is:
Solution:

Clearly, (S) = (6 × 6) = 36.

Let E = Event that the sum is a prime number.

Then E = {(1,1), (1,2), (1,4), (1,6), (2, 1), (2, 3), (2. 5), (3, 2), (3, 4), (4,1), (4,3), (5,2), (5, 6), (6, 1),
(6,5)}

So, n(E) = 15.

So, P(E) = n(E)/n(S) = 15/36 = 5/12

39. Divide tk. 6000 into two parts so that simple interest on the first part for 2 years at 6%
p.a. may be equal to the simple interest on the second part for 3 years at 8% p.a.

Solution: 

Let 1st part is x and 2nd part is (6000-x).

ATQ,
(X×2×6/100) = ((6000-x)×3×8)/100

Or, 12x = 144000- 24x

Or, 36x = 144000

Or, x = 144000/36 = tk. 4000.

1st part = tk. 4000;

2nd part = tk. 2000.

40. The slant height of a right circular cone is 10 m and its height is 8 m. Find the area of its
curved surface.

Solution:

l = 10 m,

h = 8 m.

So, r= √(l2 – h2)

= √(102 – 82)

= √(100 – 64)
= √36

 = 6 m.

So, Curved surface area = πrl = (π × 6 × 10) m2 = 60π m2

41. The curved surface area of a cylindrical pillar is 264 m2 and its volume is 924 m3. Find
the ratio of its diameter to its height.

Solution:

ATQ,

πr2h/2πrh = 924/264

Or, r = (924/264) × 2 = 7 m

And,

Area

2πrh = 264

Or, h = (264 × 7/22 × ½ × 1/7) = 6 m

.: Required ratio = 2r : h = 14 : 6 = 7 : 3