Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 11.

1)
Questions

1. Find the rule, which gives the number of matchsticks required to make the following
matchsticks patterns. Use a variable to write the rule.

(a) A pattern of letter T as (b) A pattern of letter Z as

(c) A pattern of letter U as (d) A pattern of letter V as

(e) A pattern of letter E as (f) A pattern of letter S as

(g) A pattern of letter A as

2. We already know the rule for the pattern of letter L, C and F. Some of the letters from Q.1
(given above) give us the same rule as that given by L. Which are these? Why does this happen?
3. Cadets are marching in a parade. There are 5 cadets in a row. What is the rule, which gives the
number of cadets, given the number of rows? (Use n for the number of rows)
4. If there are 50 mangoes in a box, how will you write the total number of mangoes in terms of
the number of boxes? (Use b for the number of boxes)
5. The teacher distributes 5 pencils per student. Can you tell how many pencils are needed, given
the number of students? (Use s for the number of students)
6. A bird flies 1 kilometer in one minute. Can you express the distance covered by the bird in
terms of its flying time in minutes? (Use t for flying time in minutes)
7. Radha is drawing a dot Rangoli (a beautiful pattern of lines joining dots with chalk powder as
in figure). She has 8 dots in a row. How many dots will her Rangoli have for r rows? How
many dots are there if there are 8 rows? If there are 10 rows?

8. Leela is Radha’s younger sister. Leela is 4 years younger than Radha. Can you write Leela’s age
in terms of Radha’s age? Take Radha’s age to be x years.
9. Mother has made laddus. She gives some laddus to guests and family members; still 5 laddus
remain. If the number of laddus mother gave away is l , how many laddus did she make?

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10. Oranges are to be transferred from larger boxes into smaller boxes. When a large box is
emptied, the oranges from it fill two smaller boxes and still 10 oranges remain outside. If the
number of oranges in a small box are taken to be x, what is the number of oranges in the
larger box?
11. (a) Look at the following matchstick pattern of squares. The squares are not separate. Two
neighbouring squares have a common matchstick. Observe the patterns and find the rule
that gives the number of matchsticks in terms of the number of squares. (Hint: If you
remove the vertical stick at the end, you will get a pattern of Cs.)

(b) Figs. Below gives a matchstick pattern of triangles. As in Exercise 11 (a) above find the
general rule that gives the number of matchsticks in terms of the number of triangles.

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 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 11.1)
Answers

(a) Pattern of letter = 2n (as two matchstick used in each letter)

(b) Pattern of letter = 3n (as three matchstick used in each letter)

(c) Pattern of letter = 3n (as three matchstick used in each letter)

(d) Pattern of letter = 2n (as two matchstick used in each letter)

(e) Pattern of letter = 5n (as five matchstick used in each letter)

(f) Pattern of letter = 5n (as five matchstick used in each letter)

(g) Pattern of letter = 6n (as six matchstick used in each letter)

1. The letter ‘T’ and ‘V’ that has pattern 2n, since 2 matchsticks are used in all these letters.
2. Number of rows = n
Cadets in each row = 5
Therefore, total number of cadets = 5n
3. Number of boxes = b
Number of mangoes in each box = 50
Therefore, total number of mangoes = 50b
4. Number of students = s
Number of pencils to each student = 5
Therefore, total number of pencils needed are = 5s
5. Time taken by bird = t minutes
Speed of bird = 1 km per minute
Therefore, Distance covered by bird = speed x time = 1× t = t km
6. Number of dots in each row = 8 dots
Number of rows = r
Therefore, number of dots = 8r
When there are 8 rows, then number of dots = 8 x 8 = 64 dots
When there are 10 rows, then number of dots = 8 x 10 = 80 dots
7. Radha’s age = x years
Therefore, Leela’s age = ( x − 4 ) years
8. Number of laddus gave away = l
Number of laddus remaining = 5

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 Total number of laddus = ( l + 5)
9. Number of oranges in one box = x
Number of boxes = 2
Therefore, total number of oranges in boxes = 2x
Remaining oranges = 10
Thus, number of oranges = 2 x + 10

10. (a) 4 matchsticks

7 matchsticks

10 matchsticks

13 matchsticks

If we remove 1 from each then they makes table of 3, i.e., 3, 6, 9, 12, ……….
So the required equation = 3x + 1 , where x is number of squares.

(b) 3 matchsticks

7 matchsticks

10 matchsticks

13 matchsticks

If we remove 1 from each then they makes table of 2, i.e., 2, 4, 6, 8, ……….

So the required equation = 2 x + 1 , where x is number of triangles.

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 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 11.2)
Questions

1. The side of an equilateral triangle is shown by l. Express the perimeter of the equilateral
triangle using l.

2. The side of a regular hexagon is denoted by l. Express the perimeter of

the hexagon using l. (Hint: A regular hexagon has all its six sides in
length)

3. A cube is a three-dimensional figure. It has six faces and all of them

are identical squares. The length of an edge of the cube is given by l.
find the formula for the total length of the edges of a cube.

4. The diameter of a circle is a line, which joins two points on the circle
and also passes through the centre of the circle. (In the adjoining figure
AB is a diameter of the circle; C is its centre). Express the diameter of
the circle ( d ) in terms of its radius ( r ) .

5. To find sum of three numbers 14, 27 and 13. We can have two ways.
(a) We may first add 14 and 27 to get 41 and then add 13 to it to get the total sum 54, or
(b) We may add 27 and 13 to get 40 and then add 14 to get the sum 54. Thus
(14 + 27) + 13 = 14 + (27 + 13)
This can be done for any three numbers. This property is known as the associativity of
addition of numbers. Express this property which we have already studied in the chapter
on Whole Numebrs, in a general way, by using variables a , b and c.

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 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 11.2)
Answers

1. Side of equilateral triangle = l

Therefore, Perimeter of equilateral triangle = 3 x side = 3l

2. Side of hexagon = l
Therefore, Perimeter of Hexagon = 6 x side = 6l

3. Length of one edge of cube = l

Number of edges in a cube = 12
Therefore, total length = 12 × l = 12l

4. Since, length of diameter is double the length of radius.

Therefore, d = 2r

5. ( a + b) + c = a + (b + c)

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 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 11.3)
Questions

1. Make up as many expressions with numbers (no variables) as you can from three numbers 5, 7
and 8. Every number should be used not more than once. Use only addition, subtraction and
multiplication.
(Hint: Three possible expressions are 5 + (8 – 7), 5 – (8 – 7), (5 x 8) + 7 make the other
expressions)
2. Which out of the following are expressions with numbers only:
(a) y + 3 (b) ( 7 × 20 ) − 8z (c) 5 ( 21 − 7 ) + 7 × 2
(d) 5 (e) 3x (f) 5 − 5n
(g) ( 7 × 20 ) − ( 5 ×10 ) − 45 + p
3. Identify the operations (addition, subtraction, division, multiplication) in forming the following
expressions and tell how the expressions have been formed:
y
(a) z + 1, z − 1, y + 17, y − 17 (b) 17 y , , 5 z
17
(c) 2 y + 17, 2 y − 17 (d) 7 m, −7 m + 3, −7 m − 3
4. Give expressions for the following cases:
(a) 7 added to p. (b) 7 subtracted from p. (c) p multiplied by 7.
(d) p divided by 7. (e) 7 subtracted from −m. (f) − p multiplied by 5.
(g) − p divided by 5. (h) p multiplied by −5.
5. Give expression in the following cases:
(a) 11 added to 2m.
(b) 11 subtracted from 2m.
(c) 5 times y to which 3 is added.
(d) 5 times y from which 3 is subtracted.
(e) y is multiplied by −8.
(f) y is multiplied by −8 and then 5 is added to the result.
(g) y is multiplied by 5 and result is subtracted from 16.
(h) y is multiplied by −5 and the result is added to 16.
6. (a) From expressions using t and 4. Use not more than one number operation. Every
expression must have t in it.
(b) Form expressions using y, 2 and 7. Every expression must have y in it. Use only two
number operations. These should be different.

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 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 11.3)
Answers

1. (a) (8 x 5) – 7 (b) (8 + 5) – 7
(c) (8 x 7) – 5 (d) (8 + 7) – 5
(e) 5 x (7 + 8) (f) 5 + (7 x 8)
(g) 5 + (8 – 7) (h) 5 – (7 + 8)

2. (c) and (d)

3. (a) z + 1 → Addition z − 1 → Subtraction
y + 17 → Addition y − 17 → Subtraction
y
(b) 17 y → Multiplication → Division
17
5z → Multiplication
(c) 2 y + 17 → Multiplication and Addition
2 y − 17 → Multiplication and Subtraction
(d) 7m → Multiplication
−7m + 3 → Multiplication and Addition
−7m − 3 → Multiplication and Subtraction

4. (a) p + 7 (b) p − 7 (c) 7 p

p
(d) (e) −m − 7 (f) −5 p
7
−p
(g) (h) −5 p
5

5. (a) 2m + 11 (b) 2m − 11 (c) 5 y + 3

(d) 5 y − 3 (e) −8 y (f) −8 y + 5
(g) 16 − 5 y (h) −5 y + 16

t 4
6. (a) t + 4, t − 4, 4 − t , 4t , ,
4 t
(b) 2 y + 7, 2 y − 7, 7 y + 2, 7 y − 2 and so on

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 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 11.4)
Questions

1. Answer the following:

(a) Take Sarita’s present age to be y years.
(i) What will be her age 5 years from now?
(ii) What was her age 3 years back?
(iii) Sarita’s grandfather is 6 times her age. What is the age of her grandfather?
(iv) Grandmother is 2 years younger than grandfather. What is grandmother’s age?
(v) Sarita’s father’s age is 5 years more than 3 times Sarita’s age. What is her father’s age?
(b) The length of a rectangular hall is 4 meters less than 3 times the breadth of the hall. What is
the length, if the breadth is b meters?
(c) A rectangular box has height h cm. Its length is 5 times the height and breadth is 10 cm less
than the length. Express the length and the breadth of the box in terms of the height.
(d) Meena, Beena and Leena are climbing the steps to the hill top. Meena is at step s, Beena is
8 steps ahead and Leena 7 steps behind. Where are Beena and Meena? The total number of
steps to the hill top is 10 less than 4 times what Meena has reached. Express the total
number of steps using s.
(e) A bus travels at v km per hour. It is going from Daspur to Beespur. After the bus has
travelled 5 hours. Beespur is still 20 km away. What id the distance from Daspur to
Beespur? Express it using v.
2. Change the following statements using expressions into statements in ordinary language.
(For example, given Salim scores r runs in a cricket match, nalin scores ( r + 15 ) runs. In
ordinary language – Nalin scores 15 runs more than Salim).
(a) A note book costs ` p. A book costs ` 3 p.
(b) Tony puts q marbles on the table. He has 8q marbles in his box.
(c) Our class has n students. The school has 20n students.
(d) Jaggu is z years old. His uncle is 4 z years old and his aunt is ( 4 z − 3) years old.
(e) In an arrangement of dots there are r rows. Each row contains 5 dots.
3. (a) Given, Munnu’s age to be x years. Can you guess what ( x − 2 ) may show? (Hint: Think of
Munnu’s younger brother). Can you guess what ( x + 4) may show? What ( 3x + 7 ) may
show?
(b) Given Sara’s age today to be y years. Think of her age in the future or in the past. What will
1 1
the following expression indicate? y + 7, y − 3, y + 4 , y − 2
2 2
n
(c) Given, n students in the class like football, what may 2n show? What may show? (Hint:
2
Think of games other than football).

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 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 11.4)
Answers

1. (a) (i) y + 5 (ii) y − 3 (iii) 6 y (iv) 6 y − 2 (v) 3 y + 5

(b) Length = 3b and Breadth = ( 3b − 4 ) meters
(c) Height of the box = h cm
Length of the box = 5 times the height = 5h cm
Breadth of the box = 10 cm less than length = ( 5h − 10 ) cm
(d) Meena’s position = s
Beena’s position = 8 steps ahead = s + 8
Leena’s position = 7 steps behind = s − 7
Total number of steps = 4s − 10
(e) Speed of the bus = v km/h
Distance travelled in 5 hours = 5v km
Remaining distance = 20 km
Therefore, total distance = ( 5v + 20 ) km

2. (a) A book cost 3 times the cost of a notebook.

(b) The number of marbles in box is 8 times the marble on the table.
(c) Total number of students in the school is 20 times that in our class.
(d) Jaggu’s uncle’s age is 4 times the age of Jaggu. Jaggu’s aunt is 3 years younger than his
uncle.
(e) The total number of dots is 5 times the number of rows.

3. (a) Munnu’s age = x years

His younger brother is 2 years younger than him = ( x − 2 ) years
His elder brother’s age is 4 years more than his age = ( x + 4 ) years
His father is 7 year’s more than thrice of his age = ( 3x + 7 ) years
 1
(b) Her age in past = ( y − 3) ,  y − 2 
 2
 1
Her age in future = ( y + 7 ) ,  y + 4 
 2
(c) Number of students like hockey is twice the students liking football, i.e., 2n
n
Number of students like tennis is half the students like football, i.e.,
2

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 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 11.5)
Questions

1. State which of the following are equations (with a variable). Given reason for your answer.
Identify the variable from the equations with a variable.
4
(a) 17 = x + 7 (b) ( t − 7 ) > 5 (c) = 2
2
(d) ( 7 × 3) − 19 = 8 (e) 5 × 4 − 8 = 2x (f) x − 2 = 0
(g) 2m < 30 (h) 2n + 1 = 11 (i) 7 = (11× 5 ) − (12 × 4 )
3q
(j) 7 = (11× 2 ) + p (k) 20 = 5y (l) <5
2
(m) z + 12 > 24 (n) 20 − (10 − 5 ) = 3 × 5 (o) 7 − x = 5

2. Complete the entries of the third column of the table:

S. No. Equation Value of variable Equation satisfied Yes/No
(a) 10 y = 80 y = 10
(b) 10 y = 80 y =8
(c) 10 y = 80 y =5
(d) 4l = 20 l = 20
(e) 4l = 20 l = 80
(f) 4l = 20 l =5
(g) b+5= 9 b=5
(h) b+5= 9 b=9
(i) b+5= 9 b=4
(j) h −8 = 5 h = 13
(k)
h −8 = 5 h =8
(l) h −8 = 5 h=0
(m) p +3 =1 p=3
(n) p +3 =1 p =1
(o) p +3 =1 p=0
(p) p +3 =1 p = −1
(q) p +3 =1 p = −2

3. Pick out the solution from the values given in the bracket next to each equation. Show that the
other values do not satisfy the equation.
(a) 5m = 60 (10, 5, 12, 15) (b) n + 12 = 20 (12, 8, 20, 0)
q
(c) p − 5 = 5 (0, 10, 5, –5) (d) = 7 (7, 2, 10, 14)
2

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 (e) r − 4 = 0 (4, –4, 8, 0) (f) x + 4 = 2 (–2, 0, 2, 4)

4. (a) Complete the table and by inspection of the table find the solution to the equation
m + 10 = 16.
m 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ---- ---- ----
m + 10 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----

(b) Complete the table and by inspection of the table find the solution to the equation 5t = 35 .
t 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
5t ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----

z
(c) Complete the table and by inspection of the table find the solution to the equation = 4.
3
z 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ---- ---- ---- ----
z 2 1
2 3 3 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
3 3 3

(d) Complete the table and by inspection of the table find the solution to the equation m − 7 = 3.
m 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ---- ----
m − 7 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----

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 Class –VI Mathematics (Ex. 11.5)
Answers

1. (a) It is an equation of variable as both the sides are equal. The variable is x.
(b) It is not an equation as L.H.S. is greater than R.H.S.
(c) It is an equation with no variable. But it is a false equation.
(d) It is an equation with no variable. But it is a false equation.
(e) It is an equation of variable as both the sides are equal. The variable is x.
(f) ) It is an equation of variable x.
(g) It is not an equation as L.H.S. is less than R.H.S.
(h) It is an equation of variable as both the sides are equal. The variable is n.
(i) It is an equation with no variable as its both sides are equal.
(j) It is an equation of variable p.
(k) It is an equation of variable y.
(l) It is not an equation as L.H.S. is less than R.H.S.
(m) It is not an equation as L.H.S. is greater than R.H.S.
(n) It is an equation with no variable.
(o) It is an equation of variable x.
2. Sol.
Equation
Solution of
S. No. Equation Value of variable satisfied
L.H.S.
Yes/No
(a) 10 y = 80 y = 10 No 10 x 10 = 100
(b) 10 y = 80 y =8 Yes 10 x 8 = 80
(c) 10 y = 80 y =5 No 10 x 5 = 50
(d) 4l = 20 l = 20 No 4 x 20 = 80
(e) 4l = 20 l = 80 No 4 x 80 = 320
(f) 4l = 20 l =5 Yes 4 x 5 = 20
(g) b+5= 9 b=5 No 5 + 5 = 10
(h) b+5= 9 b=9 Yes 9 + 5 = 14
(i) b+5= 9 b=4 Yes 4+5=9
(j) h −8 = 5 h = 13 Yes 13 – 8 = 5
(k) No 8–8=0
h −8 = 5 h =8
(l) h −8 = 5 h=0 No 0 – 8 = –8
(m) p +3 =1 p=3 No 3+3=6
(n) p +3 =1 p =1 No 1+3=4
(o) p +3 =1 p=0 No 0+3=3
(p) p +3 =1 p = −1 No –1 + 3 = 2
(q) p +3 =1 p = −2 Yes –2 + 3 = 1

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3. (a) 5m = 60
Putting the given values in L.H.S.,
5 x 10 = 50 5 x 5 = 25
∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S. ∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
∴ m = 10 is not the solution. ∴ m = 5 is not the solution.
5 x 12 = 60 5 x 15 = 75
∵ L.H.S. = R.H.S. ∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
∴ m = 12 is a solution. ∴ m = 15 is not the solution.
(b) n + 12 = 20
Putting the given values in L.H.S.,
12 + 12 = 24 8 + 12 = 20
∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S. ∵ L.H.S. = R.H.S.
∴ n = 12 is not the solution. ∴ n = 8 is a solution.
20 + 12 = 32 0 + 12 = 12
∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S. ∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
∴ n = 20 is not the solution. ∴ n = 0 is not the solution.
(c) p − 5 = 5
Putting the given values in L.H.S.,
0 – 5 = –5 10 – 5 = 5
∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S. ∵ L.H.S. = R.H.S.
∴ p = 0 is not the solution. ∴ p = 10 is a solution.
5–5=0 –5 – 5 = –10
∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S. ∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
∴ p = 5 is not the solution. ∴ p = −5 is not the solution.
q
(d) =7
2
Putting the given values in L.H.S.,
7 2
=1
2 2
∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S. ∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
∴ q = 7 is not the solution. ∴ q = 2 is not the solution.
10 14
=5 =7
2 2
∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S. ∵ L.H.S. = R.H.S.
∴ q = 10 is not the solution. ∴ q = 14 is a solution.
(e) r − 4 = 0
Putting the given values in L.H.S.,
4–4=0 –4 – 4 = –8
∵ L.H.S. = R.H.S. ∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
∴ r = 4 is a solution. ∴ r = −4 is not the solution.

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 8–4=4 0 – 4 = –4
∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S. ∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
∴ r = 8 is not the solution. ∴ r = 0 is not the solution.
(f) x + 4 = 2
Putting the given values in L.H.S.,
–2 + 4 = 2 0+4=4
∵ L.H.S. = R.H.S. ∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
∴ x = −2 is a solution. ∴ x = 0 is not the solution.
2+4=6 4+4=8
∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S. ∵ L.H.S. ≠ R.H.S.
∴ x = 2 is not the solution. ∴ x = 4 is not the solution.
4. (a)
m 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
m + 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
∵ At m = 6, m + 10 = 16
∴ m = 6 is the solution.
(b)

t 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
5t 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
∵ At t = 7, 5t = 35
∴ t = 7 is the solution.
(c)
z 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
z 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
z
∵ At z = 12, =4
3
∴ z = 12 is the solution.
(d)
m 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
m − 7 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
∵ At m = 10, m − 7 = 3
∴ m = 10 is the solution.

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