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9 HYDRAULICALLY Plumbing System - Shop

This document outlines the process for hydraulically designing the plumbing system of a high-rise building. It discusses sizing the horizontal drains, soil stacks, vent stacks, downspouts, rain drains, water supply risers, transfer pumps, hydro-pneumatic water supply tanks and pumps, downfeed risers, distribution pipes, pressure regulation, and calculating water hammer effects. Formulas are provided to size each component based on fixture units and flow rates calculated according to industry standards.

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jurhym dote
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264 views5 pages

9 HYDRAULICALLY Plumbing System - Shop

This document outlines the process for hydraulically designing the plumbing system of a high-rise building. It discusses sizing the horizontal drains, soil stacks, vent stacks, downspouts, rain drains, water supply risers, transfer pumps, hydro-pneumatic water supply tanks and pumps, downfeed risers, distribution pipes, pressure regulation, and calculating water hammer effects. Formulas are provided to size each component based on fixture units and flow rates calculated according to industry standards.

Uploaded by

jurhym dote
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HYDRAULICALLY DESIGNED PLUMBING

SYSTEM OF A HIGH RISE BUILDING

DESIGN ANALYSIS:

A. DRAIN FIXTURES

1. SIZING HORIZONTAL DRAIN

1.1 Calculate total Drain Fixtures Units Loading serving branch lines

1.2 Equate D.F.Us. to GPM demand curve and convert to cu. ft. / sec. discharge 1.3 Substitute to
MANNING’S FORMULA

Q = 1.486 / n x A R 2/3 s1/2 ;where n = 0.012 for pvc or 0.15 for C.I

s = slope in percent / 100

A = area of flow of discharge , half bore1

R = hydraulic radius = ratio of the flow area divided by the wetted perimeter

For s = 1 % and A = half bore

d = 0.7812 Q 3/8 Q in cu ft / sec, d in ft total drain fixtures unit to demand gpm to cu ft / sec

2.0 SIZING OF SOIL STACKS

2.1 Calculate total drain fixtures units serving the soil stack

2.2 Equate the total Drain Fixtures unit serving the stack to an equivalent gpm demand

2.3 Substitute the values to stack capacities formula

Q = 27.8 r 5/3

d 8/3
Q in gpm , d in inches r is the ratio the sheet area of flow to the cross sectional area of pipe, r = 7/24
(RNPC used) = 0.29

d=0.609 Q 3/8

3.0 SIZING OF VENT STACK

rule of thumb vent stack is to be sized one standard pipe size lower, or refer to RNPC Table 7.5 p 88

d = [ L f Q2/ 2226]0.2 L= length of pipe in ft.

f = 0.6 drag or left coefficient Q= gpm

from Staley – Graven Stack design, Mechanical Engineers Hand book

f = 2.8 – 0.4 log R R = Reynolds Number

If R = 10 5 , f = 0.8

If R = 10 6 , f = 0.4 use average f = 0.62

R = hydraulic radius = area of flow / wetted 2perimeter

S=slope

if s = 1 % , half bore
FOR PVC PIPE

D = 0.7812 Q 3/8 ft. , Q in cu ft / sec

FOR CAST IRON

D = 0.849 Q3/8 ft. , Q in cu ft / sec

Use standard size of pipe diameter

5.0 SIZING OF DOWNSPOUT OR RAIN STACK

5.1 Compute downpour discharge in a specified discharge area in gpm Q

5.2 Substitute Q in gpm to stack formula

Q = 27.8 r 5/3 d 8/3 r = .3 Q = gpm d = inches3

d= 0.609 Q 3/8

6.0 SIZING OF RAIN HORIZONTAL DRAIN

6.1 Use Manning Formula :for pvc pipe , half bore

6.1.1 @ 1/2 % slope d = 0.8896 Q 3/8

6.1.2 @ 1 % slope d = 0.7812 Q 3/8

6.1.3 @ 2 % slope d = 0.686 Q 3/8

6.2 for cast iron or cement culvert , half bore

6.2.1 @ ½ % slope d = 0.967 Q 3/8

6.2.2 @ 1 % slope d = 0.7812 Q 3/8

6.2.3 @ 2 % slope d = 0.686 Q 3/8 d in ft, Q in cu ft/ sec3

7.0 SIZING OF WATER SUPPLY RISER PIPE

7.1 Calculate Total demand Q in gpm vs. total Water

Fixtures unit in the demand curve or


7.1.1 calculate Q in gpm by using Butler’s log formula log ( 1.67 Q) = 0.77 log F where F = total water
fixtures unit , Q in demand gpm

7.1.2 Substitute values of Q in gpm to Hazen Williams

Formula: for steel

7.1.3 head loss 4 ft / 100 ft d = 0.509 Q 0.38 d in inches

7.1.4 head loss 6 ft / 100 ft d = 0.468 Q 0.384

8.0 SIZING FOR TRANSFER PUMP

8.1 use the formula : HP = Q w H / 550 / eff

Q in cu ft / sec , w = 62.4 lb / cu ft , eff use: 70 %

H is the Total Dynamic Head = static head +headloss + residual pressure head at the discharge

9.0 HYDROPNEUMATIC WATER SUPPLY

9.1 TANK SIZING

9.1.1 compute total demand gpm vs water fixtures unit of the last three (3 ) floors

9.1.2 allow 15 minutes loading of tank and compute for

Qm water stockings volume and set pressure cut in and cut off to 25psig to 40 psig

Q = Qm / [1 – (p1/ p2)] where p1 = 25 + 14.7

p2 = 40 + 14.74

9.2 HYDROPNEUMATIC PUMP SIZING

9.1 allow 70 psig max setting ( for flexibility of pressure adjustment) and with the calculated load
demand gpm( from gpm vs. water fixtures unit demand curve) for 3 floors , substitute to the formula

HP = Q w H / 550 / 0.7 Q – cu ft / sec , H in ft

H = 70 / .433 = 161 ft use standard size of pump

10. DOWNFEED RISER PIPE

10.1 Recommended Formula use is Hazen Williams 6 ft / 100 ft head loss for steel pipe
Q = 0.468 Q0.38

11.0 DOWNFEED tap DISTRIBUTION PIPE SIZING

11.1 Calculate group of floors to be serve demand gpm base on total fixtures unit at the demand curve

11.2 Size the Feeder pipe using Hazen Williams Formula for 6 ft / 100 ft head loss ( steel)

d = 0.468 Q 0.38 - inches Q – gpm

12.0 PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION CALCULATION FOR UTILIZATION

12.1 utilize 60 psi output pressure for the selection of pressure reducing valve ( prv)

12.2 select (prv ) capacity that will not starve if full demand gpm for group of floors are demanded
( proper sizing shall be based on manufacturer’s catalogue of prv )5

13.0 MAGNITUDE OF WATER HAMMER

13.1 COMPUTE MAGNITUDE OF WATER HAMMER

13.1.1 @ riser pipe up feed

13.1.2 @ riser pipe down feed (distribution pipe)

13.1.3 compute hoop stress capacity for riser pipe, sch 40 or sch 80 selection of design for pipe, valves
and etc.

13.1.4 See Example water Hammer Calculations 5

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