70570064-HVL 06-1071 2006-04-21

Test on CT Analyzer for OMICRON, Austria.

TEST REPORT

Report no. 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Client OMICRON electronics GmbH,
Klaus, Austria
Reference
Concerning test
Date April and October 2005
Place High-Voltage Laboratory of KEMA
Nederland B.V., Arnhem, the Netherlands
Object CT Analyzer
Type BB 174 U
Manufacturer OMICRON

REQUIREMENTS
The requirements as specified in the following standards:
- IEC 60044-1 (1996) + amendment 1 (2000) + amendment 2 (2002)
- IEC 60044-6 (2002)
- ANSI C57.13 (1993)

TEST PROGRAMME
The programme was specified by the client and was as follows:
1 Verification checks of the analyzer test function for determination of winding resistance
2 Verification checks of the analyzer test function for the determination of current transformer
transformation errors
3 Verification checks of the analyzer test function for the determination of magnetization curves of
current transformers
4 Verification checks of the some additional analyzer test functions

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

The results obtained relate only to the work ordered and to the material tested.
For the summary and conclusion, reference is made to page 4 of this report.

Author R.C.A.M. Koevoets KEMA Nederland B.V.

This report consists of: P.G.A. Bus

24 pages KEMA T&D Testing Services
4 appendixes Managing Director
Arnhem, 21 April 2006

©
Copyright: Publication or reproduction of the contents of this report in any other form than a complete copy to the letter, is not allowed without
our written consent.
Electronic copies in e.g. PDF-format or scanned version of this report may be available and have the status "for information only". The bound
version of this report is the only valid version.
Utrechtseweg 310, 6812 AR Arnhem. Telephone +31 26 3 56 31 85. Telefax +31 26 4 43 38 43
 -2- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

MATERIAL DATA

Test were carried out on the apparatus as under:

CT Analyser
Manufacturer OMICRON, Klaus, Austria
Serial No. BB 174 U
Option not applicable
Input 110-240 V/50/60 Hz/6A
Output 1 x 130 V/5 A/350 VA
Sampling procedure by the Manufacturer

For the purpose of the tests the following current transformers were utilized:

CT OMICRON 1: KSO1811
- Manufacturer: Ritz
- CT 2000/5A and 2000/1A
- Class 0,02% at 2,5 VA, Class 0,1% at 15 VA
- Core Type: Non gapped, measurement CT
- Omicron Ser. No.: 05 – 305
- Ser. No.: 05/596717

CT OMICRON 2: KSO1812
- Manufacturer: Ritz
- CT 1000/1A
- Class 0,2% at 1 VA
- Core Type: Non gapped, measurement CT
- Omicron Ser. No.: 02 – 195
- Ser. No.: 05/560150

CT OMICRON 3: Special class TPY

- Manufacturer: Koncar (Zagreb)
- CT 1000/1A
- Class TPY at Rb= 1,5 Ohm
- Core Type: gapped, protection CT
- Omicron Ser. No.: 05 – 319

CT OMICRON 4: Special class TPZ

- Manufacturer: Pfiffner (CH)
- CT 1200/1A
- Class TPZ
- Core Type: gapped, protection CT
- Ser. No.: Omicron 05 - 313
 -3- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

CT OMICRON 5: KSO1811
- Manufacturer: Ritz
- CT 2000/5A and 2000/1A
- Class 0,02% at 2,5 VA
- Core Type: Non gapped, measurement CT
- Ser. No.: 03/582927

CT KEMA 01:
- Manufacturer: Ritz
- NTRO 320, CT 5000/5 or CT 10000/5
- Class 0,01% at 10 VA
- Core Type: Non gapped, measurement CT
- KEMA HSL No 12.09 ORS 075392
- Ser. No.: 83/440308

CT KEMA 02:
- Manufacturer: Ritz
- NTTS
- Class 0,01% at 1 VA
- Core Type: Non gapped, measurement CT
- KEMA HSL No 12.07
- Ser. No.: 540 627

PERSONS ATTENDING THE TEST

Mr F. Süss OMICRON, Hardware Development

THE TEST WAS CARRIED OUT BY

Mr R.C.A.M. Koevoets KEMA Nederland B.V.

Mr J. Mijnen KEMA Nederland B.V.

PURPOSE OF THE TEST

Purpose of the test was to verify whether the material complies with the specified requirements.
 -4- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

SUMMARY
- General
The functional operation and applicability of the OMICRON CT ANALYZER for testing of current
transformers was verified by checks during determination of main characteristics of several current
transformers. The OMICRON CT ANALYZER was under operation and control by the manufacturer,
under supervision of KEMA. The results are valid only for the checks carried out together with the
selected testing modes and should not be treated as results of type tests, routine tests, acceptance
tests, or similar.

- Verification checks of the analyzer test function for determination of winding resistance
The functional operation during determination of winding resistance using the OMICRON CT
ANALYZER did not give rise to remarks.
The numerical evaluation, during measuring of KEMA shunt resistor resistance values, showed
differences of 0,1% or less, when compared with the calibration certificate values of the shunts.

- Verification checks of the analyzer test function for the determination of current transformer
transformation errors
The functional operation during determination of current transformation errors using the OMICRON CT
ANALYZER did not give rise to remarks. Tests were carried out in both selection modes, respectively
for measurement CT’s with non-gapped cores and for protection CT’s with gapped cores.

- Verification checks of the analyzer test function for the determination of magnetization
curves of current transformers
The functional operation during determination of current transformation magnetization curves using
the OMICRON CT ANALYZER did not give rise to remarks.

- Verification checks of the some additional analyzer test functions

Since, as a result of the automatic and integrated operation of the OMICRON CT ANALYZER, several
additional test functions came into operation during the checks and verifications performed, these
functions resulted in output parameter values such as for FS, Ts, knee-point data, etc. In particular the
determination of the knee-point data was verified. The results do not give rise to remarks.

CONCLUSION
From the tests, verifications and measurements it has become obvious that the OMICRON CT-
ANALYZER does a very accurate current ratio measurement on continuous ring cores (non gapped)
(better than 0.02%/0.5min) and an adequate accurate current ratio measurement on gapped cores
(TPY better than 0,2%/3min; TPZ better than 1%/5min).

Furthermore, the OMICRON CT-ANALYZER is able to determine in a fast and accurate way the
magnetization curves and the related parameters.
 -5- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

DESCRIPTION AND RESULTS OF THE TEST

MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY

The last page of this report contains a table with measurement uncertainties. Unless otherwise
indicated in the report, the measurement uncertainties of the results presented are as indicated in this
table.

INTRODUCTION

The applicability and output results of the OMICRON CT ANALYZER with its functions for testing of
current transformers were compared with requirements and results of testing on the same current
transformers however using other test equipment, that is applied normally by KEMA for the tests to be
carried out on current transformers.
Based on the results of the comparison, conclusions may be drawn as to the applicability of the
OMICRON CT ANALYZER for the tests on current transformers.

Although the OMICRON CT ANALYZER has capabilities for many other testing functions, the tests
and checks, described in this report are related to the functions given in the test program only.

The testing activities (tests, checks, comparison and or verifications) cannot be considered as type
tests or routine tests or acceptance tests or calibration tests. The results may serve as an important
impression as to the applicability of several functions and results of the OMICRON CT ANALYZER for
testing of current transformers.

1 VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION FOR DETERMINATION OF

WINDING RESISTANCE

First in April 2005 and in October 2005 several checks were carried out in order to verify whether the
OMICRON CT ANALYZER was able to perform its function: determination of winding resistance.

For the purpose of this verification some resistance values were determined in two ways: using the
OMICRON CT ANALYZER and using a KEMA laboratory instrument.
 -6- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Initially this verification was performed in a functional way on several current transformers, during
resistance measurements of windings of some available current transformers. The results were
compared with results obtained using other instruments at KEMA. It was not the intention to carry out
accurate tests. The results of these checks are presented in appendix 1 page 1 of this report.
From the results it was concluded that the OMICRON CT ANALYZER did not cause any functional
problem during the checks.

Subsequently, in order to gather more information as to the accuracy of the measurements, this
verification was performed on two standard resistors, used as standard shunt in the KEMA laboratory.
Since the calibration results of these shunts are available, a better check of this function of the
OMICRON CT ANALYZER could be made. For this purpose the (known) resistance values of these
shunts were determined using the OMICRON CT ANALYZER.

The results are presented in appendix 1 page 2 of this report.

From the results it can be concluded that the deviation between the results of the tests carried out
using the analyzer and those carried out using other instruments is small.
Although the checks are not systematically covering the full range of the possibilities of the analyzer
for the determination of winding resistance, it can be concluded that the results that were produced by
the OMICRON CT ANALYZER were correct and precise for those resistance values that were
determined.

2 VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION FOR THE

DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER TRANSFORMATION ERRORS

First in April 2005 and in October 2005 several checks were carried out in order to verify whether the
OMICRON CT ANALYZER was able to perform its function: determination of current transformer
transformation errors.

For this purpose accuracy tests were carried out in two ways: using the OMICRON CT ANALYZER
and using a KEMA laboratory accuracy measuring bridge. The accuracy tests were carried out on
several current transformers of various design and ratings. For the presentation and results four
examples were selected from the many tests carried out.

The transformation errors of four current transformers were measured using 1) the KEMA
transformation error measuring bridge and 2) the OMICRON CT ANALYZER.

The transformation errors of the current transformers generally were determined at 50 Hz.
 -7- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

2.1 Determination of transformation errors for measuring purposes on CT OMICRON 05

The current error (%) and the phase displacement (min) were determined at rated current (2000 A)
and respectively with burdens of 2,5 VA, COS(β) = 1,0 and of 1,25 VA, COS(β) = 1,0. In this case the
measurements were carried out at both 50 Hz and 60 Hz.

2.2 Determination of transformation errors for measuring purposes on CT OMICRON 01

The current error (%) and the phase displacement (min) were determined at rated current (2000 A)
and respectively with burdens of 2,58 VA, COS(β) = 1 and of 15,25 VA, COS(β) = 0,8 (15 VA is rated
burden). The measurements were carried out at 50 Hz.

2.3 Determination of transformation errors for measuring purposes on CT OMICRON 02

The current error (%) and the phase displacement (min) were determined at rated current (1000 A)
and respectively with burdens of 1,29 VA, COS(β) = 1 and of 14,9 VA, COS(β) = 0,8 (1 VA is rated
burden). The measurements were carried out at 50 Hz.

2.4 Determination of transformation errors for measuring purposes on CT OMICRON 03 (with

air gap)

The current error (%) and the phase displacement (min) were determined at rated current (1000 A)
and respectively with burdens of 1,28 VA, COS(β) = 1 and of 14,8 VA, COS(β) = 0,8 (1,5 VA is rated
burden). The measurements were carried out at 50 Hz.

2.5 Determination of transformation errors for measuring purposes on CT OMICRON 04 (with

air gap)

The current error (%) and the phase displacement (min) were determined at rated current (1200 A)
and respectively with burdens of 5,16 VA, COS(β) = 0,8 and of 7,50 VA, COS(β) = 0,8 and of 9,86 VA,
COS(β) = 0,8 (5 VA is rated burden). The measurements were carried out at 50 Hz.

The results are presented in appendix 2 pages 1, 2 and 3 of this report.

 -8- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

From the results the following conclusions were drawn:

- The results of the determination of transformation errors, as carried out, on the current
transformers and for the values of current and burden as indicated in this report, and measured
using the OMICRON CT ANALYZER, do not differ significantly from those determined by the
KEMA measuring bridge and instrumentation.

- Further reference is given in the appendixes A, B, C, D.

3 VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION FOR THE

DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER EXCITATION CURVES

In October 2005 several checks were carried out in order to verify whether the OMICRON CT
ANALYZER was able to perform its function: determination of current transformer excitation curves.

For this purpose curves measuring tests were carried out in two ways: using the OMICRON CT
ANALYZER and using a KEMA laboratory instruments. The measurements were carried out on
several current transformers of various design and ratings. For the presentation and results four
examples were selected from the many tests carried out.

The excitation curves of four current transformers were measured using 1) the KEMA laboratory
instruments and 2) the OMICRON CT ANALYZER.
The excitation curves of the current transformers were determined at the rated frequency 50 Hz.

The results are presented in appendix 3 pages 1-8 of this report.

It has to be noted that the accuracy of the measurements by KEMA may have been affected by noise
coming from neighboring tests. This, together with the nature of the selected instrumentation for
measurement of voltage and current may have resulted in a higher level of uncertainty than normal.

It has to be noted too that the values in the tables, for the excitation current were taken at the voltage
levels selected by KEMA. From the OMICRON CT ANALYZER the excitation currents at these voltage
levels could be taken only after interpolation between other voltage levels, as selected by the
OMICRON CT ANALYZER, within the appropriate range.
 -9- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

From the results the following conclusions were drawn:

- The results of the determination of excitation curves, as carried out, on the current transformers
and for the values of voltage as indicated in this report, and measured using the OMICRON CT
ANALYZER, do not differ significantly from those determined by the KEMA measuring
instruments.
- Some differences, in individual numbers of current and voltage, in several cases, are mostly related
to saturation effects that are visible in the curves and do not affect the overall curve and still allow
the correct derivation of further quantities from these curves.

- Further reference is given in the appendixes A, B, C, D.

4 VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION FOR THE

DETERMINATION OF SOME ADDITIONAL ANALYZER TEST FUNCTIONS

In April and in October 2005 several checks were carried out in order to verify whether the OMICRON
CT ANALYZER was able to perform other test functions, additional to those mentioned in paragraphs
1, 2 and 3 of this report.

Since, as a result of the automatic and integrated operation of the OMICRON CT ANALYZER, several
additional test functions came into operation during the checks and verifications performed, these
functions resulted in output parameter values such as for Fs, Ts, knee-point data, etc.

The presentation of the results by the OMICRON CT ANALYZER seems trustworthy; however not all
results were verified or checked by KEMA.

Since the magnetization curves had been determined for several current transformers, by KEMA and
by the OMICRON CT ANALYZER as well, a comparison could be made for the resulting knee-point
data.

The results are presented in appendix 4 page 1.

 -10- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

It has to be noted that the accuracy of the measurements by KEMA may have been affected by noise
coming from neighboring tests. This, together with the nature of the selected instrumentation for
measurement of voltage and current may have resulted in a higher level of uncertainty than normal.

Nevertheless, from the results can be concluded:

- that the knee-point data, determined by the OMICRON CT-ANALYZER, are quite similar to or
better than those following from the measurements carried out by KEMA

- Further reference is given in the appendixes A, B, C, D.

 -11- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 1 page 1

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements Functional impression only
Test date 27 October 2005

1 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF WINDING RESISTANCE

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1018 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 14 g/m3

object tested resistance resistance deviation notes

measured using measured using
KEMA-laboratory OMICRON CT-
ohm-meter ANALYZER
(Ω) (Ω) (%)
CT OMICRON 01 8,90 8,847 -0,6 These values
winding 2000/1 were measured in
CT OMICRON 01 0,428 0,423 -1,2 order to have an
winding 2000/5 initial functional
CT OMICRON 02 3,68 3,636 -1,2 check only.
winding 1000/1
CT OMICRON 03 2,72 2,681 -1,4 No functional
winding 1000/1 problems
CT OMICRON 04 2,12 2,083 -1,7 occurred during
winding 1200/1 the functional
CT OMICRON 05 10,17 10,16 -0,1 determination of
winding 2000/1 winding
CT KEMA 01 1,30 1,281 - 1,46 resistance values.
winding 5000/5
CT KEMA 01 2,81 2,767 - 1,53 The accuracy of
winding 10000/5 the check is low
CT KEMA 02 1,96 1,969 + 0,46 for a numerical
winding 5000/5 accuracy
CT KEMA 02 4,75 4,726 - 0,50 evaluation.
winding 10000/5
 -12- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 1 page 2

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements Precise resistance measurement
Test date 29 October 2005

1 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF WINDING RESISTANCE (continued)

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1015 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 14 g/m3

object tested resistance resistance * deviation notes

measured as per measured using
KEMA-calibration OMICRON CT-
certificate ANALYZER
(mΩ) (mΩ) (%)
KEMA shunt 10,00048 10,01 0,1 see below
ORS 105412
KEMA shunt 99,9974 100,0 < 0,1
ORS 105398
* These values represent the average values of ten individual measurements. All ten individual
results were equal to the average.
 -13- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 2 page 1

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements IEC 60044-1(1996) + amendment 1(2000) + amendment 2(2002)
Test date 5 April 2005

2 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER TRANSFORMATION ERRORS

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1014 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 12 g/m3

2.1 Transformation errors for measuring purposes on CT OMICRON 05 at 50 Hz

CT OMICRON 05 measured with measured with

ratio 2000/1 KEMA measuring bridge OMICRON CT ANALYZER
at 2000 A
burden ratio phase ratio phase
error displacement error displacement
(VA) COS(β) (%) (min) (%) (min)
2,5 1,0 - 0,015 + 0,5 - 0,004 + 0,3
1,25 1,0 - 0,015 + 0,5 - 0,003 + 0,2

2.2 Transformation errors for measuring purposes on CT OMICRON 05 at 60 Hz

CT OMICRON 05 measured with measured with

ratio 2000/1 KEMA measuring bridge OMICRON CT ANALYZER
at 2000 A
burden ratio phase ratio phase
error displacement error displacement
(VA) COS(β) (%) (min) (%) (min)
2,5 1,0 - 0,015 + 0,5 - 0,002 + 0,2
1,25 1,0 - 0,015 + 0,5 - 0,001 + 0,2
 -14- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 2 page 2

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements IEC 60044-1(1996) + amendment 1(2000) + amendment 2(2002)
Test date 27 October 2005

2 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER TRANSFORMATION ERRORS
(Continued)

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1018 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 14 g/m3

2.3 Transformation errors for measuring purposes on CT OMICRON 01 at 50 Hz

CT OMICRON 01 measured with measured with

ratio 2000/1 at 2000 A KEMA measuring bridge OMICRON CT ANALYZER
burden ratio phase ratio phase
error displacement error displacement
(VA) COS(β) (%) (min) (%) (min)
15,25 0,8 - 0,024 + 0,1 - 0,022 + 0,05
2,58 1,0 - 0,01 + 0,3 - 0,01 + 0,27

2.4 Transformation errors for measuring purposes on CT OMICRON 02 at 50 Hz

CT OMICRON 01 measured with measured with

ratio 1000/1 at 1000 A KEMA measuring bridge OMICRON CT ANALYZER
burden ratio phase ratio phase
error displacement error displacement
(VA) COS(β) (%) (min) (%) (min)
14,9 0,8 - 0,07 + 0,4 - 0,05 + 0,17
1,29 1,0 - 0,02 + 0,9 - 0,017 + 0,53
 -15- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 2 page 3

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements IEC 60044-1(1996) + amendment 1(2000) + amendment 2(2002)
Test date 27 October 2005

2 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER TRANSFORMATION ERRORS
(continued)

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1018 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 14 g/m3

2.5 Transformation errors for measuring purposes on CT OMICRON 03 at 50 Hz

CT OMICRON 01 measured with measured with

ratio 1000/1 at 1000 A KEMA measuring bridge OMICRON CT ANALYZER
burden ratio phase ratio phase
error displacement error displacement
(VA) COS(β) (%) (min) (%) (min)
14,75 0,8 - 0,97 + 58,6 - 1,060 + 57,58
1,28 1,0 + 0,16 + 16,9 + 0,030 + 16,89

2.5 Transformation errors for measuring purposes on CT OMICRON 04 at 50 Hz

CT OMICRON 01 measured with measured with

ratio 1200/1 at 1200 A KEMA measuring bridge OMICRON CT ANALYZER
burden ratio phase ratio phase
error displacement error displacement
(VA) COS(β) (%) (min) (%) (min)
9,86 0,8 - 4,13 + 218 - 3,59 + 222
7,50 0,8 - 3,00 + 179 + 2,62 + 182
5,16 0,8 - 1,94 + 138 - 1,658 + 142
 -16- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 3 page 1

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements IEC 60044-1(1996) + amendment 1(2000) + amendment 2(2002)
Test date 28 October 2005

3 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER EXCITATION CURVES

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1016 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 13 g/m3

3.1 Excitation curve measured on CT OMICRON 01

measured with measured with

KEMA instruments OMICRON CT ANALYZER
voltage across terminals excitation current excitation current
(V) (A) (A)
92,02 1,982 2,0806
85,9 1,047 1,08686
82,95 0,5432 0,58272
81,42 0,2657 0,31688
80,56 0,1082 0,16880
79,78 0,016 0,05315
(V) (mA) (mA)
76,9 4,31 4,41936
70,07 1,57 1,59109
60,26 0,625 0,64075
50,22 0,454 0,42985
39,89 0,368 0,33294
29,89 0,280 0,25201
20,38 0,208 0,18633
10,35 0,129 0,11375
 -17- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 3 page 2

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements IEC 60044-1 (1996) + amendment 1 (2000) + amendment 2 (2002)
Test date 28 October 2005

3 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER EXCITATION CURVES

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1016 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 13 g/m3

3.1 Excitation curve measured on CT OMICRON 01

related to saturation effects which are visible in the curves

Exciation Curve Compare

100
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

Omicron
10
KEMA

1
0,0001 0,001 0,01 0,1 1 10

Excitation Current [Arms]

 -18- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 3 page 3

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements IEC 60044-1 (1996) + amendment 1 (2000) + amendment 2 (2002)
Test date 28 October 2005

3 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER EXCITATION CURVES
(continued)

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1016 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 13 g/m3

3.2 Excitation curve measured on CT OMICRON 02

measured with measured with

KEMA instruments OMICRON CT ANALYZER
voltage across terminals excitation current excitation current
(V) (A) (A)
160 2,377 2,656
154 0,218 0,343
(V) (mA) (mA)
152,7 30,6 61,2
148,2 7,10 7,45
138,9 3,04 3,516
125,8 2,246 2,473
96,24 1,650 1,653
55,33 1,068 1,010
28,11 0,659 0,616
11,92 0,378 0,346
4,247 0,191 0,179
2,734 0,143 0,134
 -19- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 3 page 4

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements IEC 60044-1 (1996) + amendment 1 (2000) + amendment 2 (2002)
Test date 28 October 2005

3 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER EXCITATION CURVES
(continued)

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1016 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 13 g/m3

3.2 Excitation curve measured on CT OMICRON 02

Excitation Curve Compare

1000
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

100

OMICRON
KEMA

10

1
0,0001 0,001 0,01 0,1 1 10
Excitation Current [Arms]
 -20- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 3 page 5

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements IEC 60044-1 (1996) + amendment 1 (2000) + amendment 2 (2002)
Test date 28 October 2005

3 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER EXCITATION CURVES
(continued)

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1016 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 13 g/m3

3.3 Excitation curve measured on CT OMICRON 03

measured with measured with

KEMA instruments OMICRON CT ANALYZER
Voltage across terminals Excitation current Excitation current
(V) (A) (A)
1149 2,739 2,526
1140 2,054 2,019
1113 1,506 1,519
1079 1,323 1,331
1027 1,210 1,215
964 1,124 1,126
886 1,028 1,031
(V) (mA) (mA)
368 426 426
213 248 248
105 124 124
40,0 47,8 47,5
7,98 10,0 9,67
2,82 4,20 3,51
 -21- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 3 page 6

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements IEC 60044-1 (1996) + amendment 1 (2000) + amendment 2 (2002)
Test date 28 October 2005

3 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER EXCITATION CURVES
(continued)

3.3 Excitation curve measured on CT OMICRON 03

Excitation Curve Compare

10000

1000
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

OMICRON
100
KEMA

10

1
0,001 0,01 0,1 1 10 100
Excitation Current [Irms]
 -22- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 3 page 7

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements IEC 60044-1 (1996) + amendment 1 (2000) + amendment 2 (2002)
Test date 28 October 2005

3 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER EXCITATION CURVES
(continued)

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1016 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 13 g/m3

3.4 Excitation curve measured on CT OMICRON 04

measured with measured with

KEMA OMICRON CT ANALYZER
instrument

Voltage across terminals Excitation current Excitation current

(V)
(A) (A)
997 6,70 6,515
713 4,80 4,810
327 2,20 2,202
169 1,13 1,14
(V) (mA) (mA)
55,1 374 372
13,7 89,7 89,1
2,82 19,5 19,2
 -23- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 3 page 8

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements IEC 60044-1 (1996) + amendment 1 (2000) + amendment 2 (2002)
Test date 28 October 2005

3 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF CURRENT TRANSFORMER EXCITATION CURVES
(continued)

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1016 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 13 g/m3

3.4 Excitation curve measured on CT OMICRON 04

Excitation Curve Compare

10000

1000
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

OMICRON
100
KEMA

10

1
0,001 0,01 0,1 1 10 100
Excitation Current [rms]
 -24- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

The measurement uncertainties in the results presented are as specified below unless otherwise
indicated.

measurement measurement uncertainty

dielectric tests peak value: ≤ 3%

and impulse current tests time parameters: ≤ 10%

capacitance measurement 0,3%

tan δ measurement ± 0,5% ± 5x10-5

partial discharge measurement < 10 pC : 2 pC

10 - 100 pC : 5 pC
> 100 pC : 20 %

measurement of impedance ≤ 1%
ac-resistance measurement

measurement of losses ≤ 1%

measurement of insulation resistance ≤ 10%

measurement of dc resistance 1 µΩ - 5 µΩ : 1%
5 µΩ - 10 µΩ : 0,5%
10 µΩ - 200 µΩ : 0,2%

radio interference test 2 dB

calibration of current transformers 2,2 x 10-4 Ii/Iu and 290 µrad

calibration of voltage transformers 1,6 x 10-4 Ui/Uu en 510 µrad

measurement of conductivity 5%

measurement of temperature -50 °C - -40 °C :3K

-40 °C - 125 °C :2K
125 °C - 150 °C :3K

tensile test 1%

sound level measurement type 1 meter as per IEC 651 and

ANSI S1.4.1971

measurement of voltage ratio 0,1%

 -25- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

Appendix 4 page 1

Client OMICRON, Klaus, Austria

Test object CT Analyzer, manufactured by the client
Requirements IEC 60044-1 (1996) + amendment 1 (2000) + amendment 2 (2002)
Test date 28 October 2005

4 RESULTS OF THE VERIFICATION CHECKS OF THE ANALYZER TEST FUNCTION

FOR DETERMINATION OF KNEE-POINT DATA

Atmospheric conditions
Ambient temperature 20 °C Ambient air pressure 1016 hPa
Object temperature 20 °C Humidity 13 g/m3

CT knee point found by knee point found by result

OMICRON CT- KEMA measurement
ANALYZER
OMICRON 1 KSO1811 59,26V / 574µA between 50V-60V the knee-point found by
between 454µA – the OMICON CT-
625µA ANALYZER is between
the values found by
KEMA measurement
OMICRON 2 KSO1812 128,81V / 2,68mA between 125,8V – the knee-point found by
138,9V the OMICON CT-
between 2,25mA – ANALYZER is between
3,25mA the values found by
KEMA measurement
OMICRON 3 TPY 1031,5V / 1,222A between 1079V – the knee-point found by
1113V the OMICON CT-
between 1,323A – ANALYZER is close to
1,506A the values found by
KEMA measurement
OMICRON 4 TPZ not reached not reached The OMICRON CT-
ANALYZER correctly
found that the knee-
point criteria were not
met
 -26- 70570064-HVL 06-1071

APPENDIX A

FURTHER ASSESMENT INFORMATION AS PRESENTED BY THE MANUFACTURER

(4 pages)

Tested CT (Current Transformer): CT OMICRON 1 (see Material Data)

 Appendix A page 1

Excitation Curve Comparison between measurement from Omicron and KEMA

The graph below shows the excitation curve taken with KEMA equipment (pink) and the OMICRON
CT Analyzer.

Exciation Curve Compare

100
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

Omicron
10
KEMA

1
0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
Excitation Current [Arms]
 Appendix A page 2

Comparison of Current Errors in IEC Borders

The graph below shows the difference of the current error calculated from the excitation graph
between the excitation measurement from KEMA and the excitation measurement with OMICRON CT-
Analyzer.
The used burden was 15VA, Inom = 1A. This graph shall show the influence of the measurement error
of the excitation measurement and not the absolute error. It can be seen that a small error in the
excitation measurement has practical no influence to the absolute error.
0.50%

0.40%

0.30%

0.20%

0.10%
pos. border
neg. border
0.00%
OMICRON
0% 50% 100% 150% 200% 250%
KEMA
-0.10%

-0.20%

-0.30%

-0.40%

-0.50%
 Appendix A page 3

Comparison of Current deviation up to Knee Point:

The graph below shows the maximum current tolerance to keep the current error within 0,1% and
shows the deviation (not absolute values) of current between the measurement with KEMA equipment
and the OMICRON CT-Analyzer.
The graphs are only shown up to the knee point. Above the knee point the deviation between the two
curves can no more be calculated properly because of the steep current rise. In this area a small
deviation in voltage would result in a large current deviation.

IEC60044-1 Tolerances for Class 0.1

70

60

50
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

40 Tolerance +
Tolerance -
Diff KEMA/Omic
30 Knee Point

20

10

0
-0.005 -0.004 -0.003 -0.002 -0.001 0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005
Current [Arms]
 Appendix A page 4

Excitation Curves and Maximum Tolerance Curves

The graph below shows the positive tolerance border (yellow) and the negative tolerance border for
IEC 60044-1 as also the two measured excitation curves. The logarithmic scale does not allow the
negative tolerance border properly therefore the negative value was limited to 1µA. The IEC60044-1
has defined the tolerances only up to 120% of nominal current in this graph the 0.1% tolerance was
used for all currents above 20% I nom.

IEC 60044-1 Exciation Graph

100
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

10
Omicron
KEMA
pos Tolerance
neg Tolerance
120 % Inom border
1
0.000001 0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10

0.1
excitation current [Irms]
 APPENDIX B

FURTHER ASSESMENT INFORMATION AS PRESENTED BY THE MANUFACTURER

(4 pages)

Tested CT (Current Transformer): CT OMICRON 2 (see Material Data)

 Appendix B page 1

Excitation Curve - Comparison between Measurement by Omicron and KEMA

Tested CT (Current Transformer):

Name: CT OMICRON 2 (see Material Data)
Type: Measurement core with continuous ring core
Class: 0.02%
Burden: 14.9VA/CosPhi 0.8

Exciation Curve Comparison

CT OMICRON 2

1000
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

100

OMICRON
KEMA

10

1
0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
Excitation Current [Arms]

Blue line: Measurement with Omicron CT-Analyzer.

Pink line: Measurement with KEMA equipment.
 Appendix B page 2

Comparison of Current Errors in Tolerance Borders acc. to IEC 60044-1

The graph below shows the current error within the class 0.1 % tolerance borders according to
IEC 60044-1. It shows the difference of the current error calculated from the excitation graph
measured with the OMICRON CT Analyzer and the KEMA test equipment. The calculation was done
under the assumption only the excitation current would influence the ratio error, therefore, no
excitation current would result in a ratio error of zero.

The used burden was 15 VA, Inom = 1 A. The graph is supposed to show the influence of the
measurement error of the excitation measurement and not the absolute ratio error.

Class 0.1% Error Borders

CT OMICRON 2

0.50%

0.40%

0.30%

0.20%
Current Error [%]

0.10% pos. border

neg. border
0.00%
OMICRON
0% 50% 100% 150% 200% 250%
-0.10% KEMA

-0.20%

-0.30%

-0.40%

-0.50%
% Nominal Current
 Appendix B page 3

Comparison of Current Deviation up to Knee Point:

The graph below shows the maximum current tolerance to keep the current error within class 0.1 %. It
furthermore shows the deviation (not the absolute values) of current between the measurement with
the KEMA equipment and the OMICRON CT Analyzer (measurements from KEMA would be 0 Arms).

The graphs are shown up to the knee point only. Above the knee point, the deviation between the two
curves cannot be calculated properly anymore because of the steep current rise. In this area, a small
deviation in voltage would result in a large deviation in current.

Only two tolerance borders were used: a tolerance of 0.2 % below 20 % of Inom, and a tolerance of
0.1 % above 20 % of Inom.

IEC60044-1 Tolerances for Class 0.1

CT OMICRON 02

140

120

100
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

80 Tolerance +
Tolerance -
Diff KEMA/Omic
60 Knee Point

40

20

0
-0.008 -0.006 -0.004 -0.002 0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008
Current [Arms]
 Appendix B page 4

Excitation Curves and Maximum Tolerance Curves

The graph below shows the positive tolerance border (yellow) and the negative tolerance border as
defined in IEC 60044-1 for class 0.1 as well as the two measured excitation curves. The logarithmic
scale does not allow the negative tolerance border to be shown properly, therefore the negative values
were limited to 10µA. IEC60044-1 only defines the tolerances up to 120% of nominal current.
The 0.1% tolerance was used for all currents above 20% Inom with a burden of 15 Ohm.
U Ter min al
The output current was calculated by Is =
RCT + RBurden
The error border was calculated as in the following example with 100% Inom.
I posTolerance = I s + I s * 0.001

IEC 60044-1 Exciation Graph

CT OMICRON 02

1000
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

100 Omicron
KEMA
pos Tolerance
neg Tolerance
10 120 % Inom border

1
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
excitation current [Irms]
 APPENDIX C

FURTHER ASSESMENT INFORMATION AS PRESENTED BY THE MANUFACTURER

(5 pages)

Tested CT (Current Transformer): CT OMICRON 3 (see Material Data)

 Appendix C page 1

Excitation Curve - Comparison between Measurement by Omicron and KEMA

Tested CT (Current Transformer):
Name: CT OMICRON 3 (see Material Data)
Type: Protection core with gapped ring core
Class: TPY
Burden: 14.75VA/CosPhi 0.8

Comment: The OMICRON CT-Analyzer does only guarantee high accuracy for non gapped cores but
the measurement results below show that also on gapped protection cores reasonable results can be
reached.

Exciation Curve Comparison

CT OMICRON 3

10000

1000
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

OMICRON
100
KEMA

10

1
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Excitation Current [Irm s]

Blue line: Measurement with Omicron CT-Analyzer.

Pink line: Measurement with KEMA equipment.
 Appendix C page 2

Comparison of Current Errors within 1% Tolerance Borders

The graph below shows the current error within 1 % tolerance. It shows the relative current error
calculated from the excitation graph measured with the OMICRON CT Analyzer and the KEMA test
equipment. The calculation was done under the assumption that only the difference of the two
excitation curves would influence the deviation, therefore, no difference of the two excitation curves
would result in a deviation of zero.

The ratio error measured by KEMA was -0,97% the ratio error measured from CT-Analyzer was -
1,076% (difference 0.106%). The used burden was 14,75VA, Inom = 1 A.

The graph is supposed to show the influence of the measurement error of the excitation measurement
and not the absolute ratio error.

Deviation in Current Ratio Error

CT OMICRON 3

1.50%

1.00%

0.50%
Ratio Error in %

pos. border
0.00% neg. border
0% 200% 400% 600% 800% 1000% 1200% deviation

-0.50%

-1.00%

-1.50%
% of Nom inal Current

Dark blue line: +1% error border

Pink line: -1% error border
Yellow line: Deviation between the measurement from KEMA and the measurement with
OMICRON CT-Analyzer.
 Appendix C page 3

Comparison of Absolute Current Errors in 1% Tolerance Borders

The graph below shows the absolute current ratio error calculated from the excitation graph and the
ratio measurement with both the equipment from KEMA and the OMICRON CT-Analyzer.
The used burden was 14,75VA, Inom = 1A.

Absolute Current Ratio Error

CT OMICRON 3

1.50%

1.00%

0.50%
Ratio Error in %

pos. border
neg. border
0.00%
OMICRON
0% 200% 400% 600% 800% 1000% 1200%
KEMA

-0.50%

-1.00%

-1.50%
% of Nom inal Current

Dark blue line: +1% error border

Pink line: -1% error border
Yellow: ratio error with OMICRON CT-Analyzer
Light blue: ratio error measured with KEMA equipment
 Appendix C page 4

Comparison of Current Deviation up to the Knee Point:

The graph below shows the maximum current tolerance to keep the current error within 1 %. It
furthermore shows the deviation (not the absolute values) of current between the measurement with
the KEMA equipment and the OMICRON CT Analyzer (measurements from KEMA would be 0 Arms.

The graph is shown up to the knee point only. Above the knee point, the deviation between the two
curves cannot be calculated properly anymore because of the steep current rise. In this area, a small
deviation in voltage would result in a large deviation in current.

Only the 1% tolerance borders were used.

Current Error within 1% Borders

CT OMICRON 3

1400

1200

1000
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

+1% current border

800
-1% current border
Diff KEMA/Omic
600
Knee Point

400

200

0
-0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
Current [Arm s]

Yellow line: Deviation of the output current measured with KEMA equipment and OMICRON CT-
Analyzer. No ratio error is considered.
Dark blue line: +1% error border
Pink line: -1% error border
 Appendix C page 5

Excitation Curves in 1% Tolerance Borders

The graph below shows the positive tolerance border (yellow) and the negative tolerance border that
would represent a ratio error of 1% as well as the two measured excitation curves.
The burden to calculate the 1% tolerance borders was 15 Ohm.
U emf
The output current was calculated by Is =
RCT + RBurden
The error border was calculated as in the following example with 100% Inom.
I posTolerance = I s + I s * 0.01

IEC 60044-1 Exciation Graph

CT OMICRON 3

10000

1000
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

Omicron
KEMA
100
pos Tolerance
neg Tolerance

10

1
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
excitation current [Irm s]
 APPENDIX D

FURTHER ASSESMENT INFORMATION AS PRESENTED BY THE MANUFACTURER

(5 pages)

Tested CT (Current Transformer): CT OMICRON 4 (see Material Data)

 Appendix D page 1

Excitation Curve - Comparison between Measurement by Omicron and KEMA

Tested CT (Current Transformer):
Name: CT OMICRON 4 (see Material Data)
Type: Protection core with gapped ring core
Class: TPZ
Burden: 5.16VA/CosPhi 0.799

Comment: The ratio measurement of the TPZ core was done according IEC 60044-1 to get
comparable results between the KEMA equipment and the CT-Analyzer. The OMICRON CT-Analyzer
does only guarantee high accuracy for non gapped cores but the measurement results below show
that also on gapped protection cores reasonable results can be reached.

Exciation Curve Comparison

CT OMICRON 4

10000

1000
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

OMICRON
100
KEMA

10

1
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Excitation Current [rms]

Blue line: Measurement with Omicron CT-Analyzer.

Pink line: Measurement with KEMA equipment.
 Appendix D page 2

Comparison of Current Errors within 1% Tolerance Borders

The graph below shows the current error within 1 % tolerance. It shows the relative current error
calculated from the excitation graph measured with the OMICRON CT Analyzer and the KEMA test
equipment. The calculation was done under the assumption that only the difference of the two
excitation curves would influence the deviation, therefore, no difference of the two excitation curves
would result in a deviation of zero.

The ratio error measured by KEMA was -1,94% the ratio error measured from CT-Analyzer was -
1,658% (difference 0.28%). The used burden was 5,16VA, Inom = 1A.

The graph is supposed to show the influence of the measurement error of the excitation measurement
and not the absolute ratio error.

Relative Current Deviation

CT OMICRON 4

1.50%

1.00%

0.50%
Ratio error in %

pos. border
0.00% neg. border
0% 200% 400% 600% 800% 1000% 1200% rel. deviation

-0.50%

-1.00%

-1.50%
% of nom inal Current

Dark blue line: +1% error border

Pink line: -1% error border
Yellow line: Deviation between the measurement from KEMA and the measurement with
OMICRON CT-Analyzer.
 Appendix D page 3

Comparison of Absolute Current Errors in 1% Tolerance Borders

The graph below shows the absolute current ratio error calculated from the excitation graph and the
ratio measurement with both the equipment from KEMA and the OMICRON CT-Analyzer.
The used burden was 5,16VA, Inom = 1A.

The ratio error measured by KEMA was -1,94% the ratio error measured from CT-Analyzer was -
1,658% (difference 0.28%). The used burden was 5,16VA, Inom = 1A.

Absolut Current Deviation

CT OMICRON 4

1.50%

1.00%

0.50%

0.00%
Ratio error in %

0% 200% 400% 600% 800% 1000% 1200% pos. border

neg. border
-0.50%
OMICRON
KEMA
-1.00%

-1.50%

-2.00%

-2.50%
% of nom inal Current

Dark blue line: +1% error border

Pink line: -1% error border
Yellow: ratio error with OMICRON CT-Analyzer
Light blue: ratio error measured with KEMA equipment
 Appendix D page 4

Comparison of Current Deviation up to the Knee Point:

The graph below shows the maximum current tolerance to keep the current error within 1 %. It
furthermore shows the deviation (not the absolute values) of current between the measurement with
the KEMA equipment and the OMICRON CT Analyzer (measurements from KEMA would be 0 Arms.

Only the 1% tolerance borders were used.

Current Error within 1% Borders

CT OMICRON 4

160

140

120
Output Current [Arms]

100
Tolerance +
80 Tolerance -
Diff. KEMA/OMICRON
60

40

20

0
-2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
Error current [Arm s]

Yellow line: Deviation of the output current measured with KEMA equipment and OMICRON CT-
Analyzer. No ratio error considered.
Dark blue line: +1% error border
Pink line: -1% error border
 Appendix D page 5

Excitation Curves in 1% Tolerance Borders

The graph below shows the positive tolerance border (yellow) and the negative tolerance border that
would represent a ratio error of 1% as well as the two measured excitation curves.
The burden to calculate the 1% tolerance borders was 5,16 Ohm.
U emf
The output current was calculated by Is =
RCT + RBurden
The error border was calculated as in the following example with 100% Inom.
I posTolerance = I s + I s * 0.01

IEC 60044-1 Exciation Graph

CT OMICRON 4

10000

1000
Terminal Voltage [Vrms]

Omicron
KEMA
100
pos Tolerance
neg Tolerance

10

1
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
excitation current [Irm s]