Central Luzon State University

College of Agriculture
Department of Animal Science

Instructional Module for the Course

Animal Science 1100 Laboratory - Introduction to Animal Science

Module 1 DOMESTIC ANIMAL INVENTORY AND DEMAND PROJECTIONS

Overview

As the country’s population increases, demand for food and other

products and services also increases. Livestock and poultry animals have

been the most potent source of protein to satisfy human nutritional

requirement. Production volume will always be dependent on existing stock

inventory, animal performance efficiency, and other internal and external

problems. And so, it is a huge challenge for the livestock and poultry

industry to boost its production output to cope up with the demands of

steadily-increasing Filipino population.

Objectives
At the end of the exercise, students are expected to:
1. Describe the different animal projects in the college/university;
2. Familiarize different animal science terminologies
3. Discuss the current status of the Philippine livestock and
poultry industry.
4. Interpret data gather from Philippine Statistic Authority
Learning Activities

Animal Projects in Central Luzon State University

Poultry Layer Module 1

Small Ruminant Center (Goat and Sheep)
 Photo credit from ABS-CBN News

Philippine Carabao Center

Terminologies

Chicken (Gallus domesticus)

Chick  Newly hatched or a very young chicken
Pullet  Female bird under one year of age
Hen  Female bird over one year of age
Cockerel  Male bird under one year of age
Rooster  Male bird over one year of age
Chicken intended for meat production; usually raised for 1 month
Broilers 
or until desired weight is achieved
Layer Chicken intended for table eggs production
Oviposition Act of laying egg

Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Duckling young duck
Drake  Adult male
Duck  Adult female

Swine (Sus domesticus)

Swine  General term use to designate all classes/ age of pig
Boar  Sexually mature male swine
Any female sexually matured pig which has not yet experienced
Gilt 
breeding and has not yet given birth
Suckling Generally, refers to young animals that are still nursing
Hog  Mature swine (usually weighing more than 50 kg)
Broad term for a young swine which has not attained sexual
Pig 
maturity
Sow  Mature female swine that already gave birth
Farrowing Act of giving birth in swine

Cattle (Bos taurus/ Bos indicus)

Cattle General term for any class of animals belonging to bovine family
Immature young (under one year of age) of some large mammals;
Calf 
most commonly used to denote young cattle of either sex
Heifer  Sexually mature female cattle that have not yet calved
A mature female bovine, usually after first pregnancy and
Cow 
parturition
Steer  Male bovine castrated before puberty
Bull A sexually mature male bovine
Calving Act of giving birth
 Carabao (Bubalus bubalis)
Carabao Philippine Water Buffalo or swamp buffalo
A prefix connected to the sex, class and meat of carabao as
Cara introduced by the late Dr. Valiente Villegas
Carabull Breeding male of carabao of any age
Caracalf Young male or female carabao (under one year of age)
Caracow Mature female carabao that has already dropped a calf
A female carabao below two years of age which is usually ready
Caraheifer for market

Goat (Capra hircus)

Kid A young goat of either sex
Buck Refers to sexually mature goat
Doe A mature female goat that has already given birth
Doeling Ready-to-breed female goat which have not yet kidded
Kidding Act of giving birth in goats

Sheep (Ovis aries)

Ewe  A mature female sheep
Lamb  A young sheep
Ram  A mature male sheep
Wether  A young male sheep or goat castrated before puberty
Lambing Act of giving birth in sheep

Lactation Days Gestation Days Dry Period

(the period of milk (pregnancy period) (rest day; the animal is
secretion) not pregnant nor
producing milk)
Sow 30 112-116 7
Cow 300 279-290 60
Carabao 300 300-325 60-120
Sheep and Goat 90-120 140-160 40-60
Animal Products

Pork Meat or flesh of swine

Beef Meat from mature cattle
Carabeef Meat of carabao above two years of age
Chevon Meat from goat
Mutton Meat from mature sheep
Lapan Meat from rabbit

Table 1. Inventory of different livestock and poultry species in the Philippines.

Species Backyard Commercial Total heads

Carabao 2,855,087 10,628 2,865,715
Cattle 2,391,723 150,236 2,541,959
Goat 3,761,682 51,772 3,813,454
Swine 7,971,400 4,824,321 12,795,721
Duck 80,675,556 4,020,733 84,696,289
Layer 41,202,461
Broiler 56,386,934
Native 80,675,556

Table 2. Volume of production of different animal products in the Philippines (as of

2019).

Animal Product Volume of Production (Metric Tons)

Beef 260,624.00
Carabeef 140,661.00
Pork 2,296,652.00
Chevon 76,358.00
Chicken meat 1,927,413.97
Chicken egg 583,234.00
Duck egg 49,569.00
Duck meat 30,104.00
Milk 24.32
Assessment

Using the data from Table 2, compute for the Per Capita Consumption and Projected
Demand of every Filipino of different animal products. Express your answer in
kilograms.

Per Capita Projected Demand

Consumption (PCC)1 (PD)2
Animal Product (determination of
(yearly consumption by each
future demands, and calculation
person)
of future supplies)
Beef
Carabeef
Pork
Chevon
Chicken meat
Chicken egg
Duck egg
Milk
Population (estimate for 2019):108,310,000
Population growth rate: 1.36%
1
PCC = volume of production ÷ population
2
PD = (population + annual increase in population) x PCC
Annual increase in population = population x population growth rate
1 metric ton= 1,000 kg

Solve the following.

1. If the current population is 84,254,513 with an annual growth rate of 2.35%,

compute for the projected demand for beef in the coming year if per capita
consumption is 2.52 kg. Express your answer in metric tons. Show your solution.
 2. Given the average dressed weight of slaughtered hogs is 65 kg, how many
persons will be supported if per capita consumption is 15.67 kg and the number
of hogs slaughtered is 8,433,263? Show your solution.

References:

Syllabus Manual in AnSci 1100. Principles of Animal Science 4 th Edition. 2007.

Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Central Luzon State University.

Philippine Statistic Authority Open STAT. http://openstat.psa.gov.ph/

https://www.statista.com/statistics/578726/total-population-of-philippines/