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Modesto Proposal

Build Proposal for FTTH

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100% found this document useful (2 votes)

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Modesto Proposal

Build Proposal for FTTH

Uploaded by

Derrick Kojo Senyo

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Fiber Network Infrastructure

Master Plan
FINAL-May 2017

Prepared for

Prepared by
.
Table of Contents

Executive Summary............................................................................................................................... 5
I. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 6
Purpose of Document ................................................................................................................. 6
Document Organization............................................................................................................... 6
II. Vision......................................................................................................................................... 7
LinkMODESTO Vision................................................................................................................. 7
Fiber Network Benefits ................................................................................................................ 8
III. Existing Conditions ................................................................................................................ 10
About Modesto .......................................................................................................................... 10
Description of Existing Infrastructure ......................................................................................... 12
IV. Needs and Gap Analysis......................................................................................................... 16
Needs Assessment ................................................................................................................... 16
Gap Analysis............................................................................................................................. 21
V. LinkMODESTO Citywide Fiber Network ................................................................................. 23
Ultimate Network Build-out Description...................................................................................... 23
Network Cost Estimate .............................................................................................................. 25
Alternative Network Considerations ........................................................................................... 25
VI. Fiber Network Implementation ............................................................................................... 27
Implementation Phases ............................................................................................................. 27
Project Descriptions by Phase ................................................................................................... 29
Last Mile Connection................................................................................................................. 31
Pilot Project............................................................................................................................... 36
Alternative Implementation Strategies ....................................................................................... 39
VII. Operations and Maintenance.................................................................................................. 40
Costs and Resources ................................................................................................................ 40
Other Costs............................................................................................................................... 40
VIII. Funding ................................................................................................................................... 42
Telecommunication Cost Savings.............................................................................................. 42
Commercial Client Service Fees ............................................................................................... 42
Grant Funding ........................................................................................................................... 42
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IX. Commercial Service Considerations ...................................................................................... 43
Municipal Broadband Success Stories....................................................................................... 43
Fiber optic Deployment and Service in Other California Cities ................................................... 46
Governance and Service Models............................................................................................... 47
X. Construction and Implementation .......................................................................................... 49
Implementation ......................................................................................................................... 49
Design and Construction Documents......................................................................................... 50
Appendices ........................................................................................................................................... 52

A. Glossary of Terms
B. Opportunity Stanislaus Survey Results (November 2016)
C. Cost Estimate – by Phase
D. Research Fiber Implemented Strategies Report (February 13, 2017)
E. Fiber optic Cable Cut Sheets
F. Referenced Sections of NECA/FOA 301-2009

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
There are more than 450 communities across the country running broadband networks as public utilities
with success stories in lowering Internet costs for residents, encouraging economic development, and
improving overall telecom services. This LinkModesto Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan provides a
vision and implementation roadmap for the City of Modesto’s City-wide fiber optic network. The City’s
LinkMODESTO vision includes the following three vision elements:

1. Provide low-cost, effective, secure, and resilient information and communication technologies for
Modesto.
2. Support existing local business and welcome new growth.
3. Support deployment of future technologies in Modesto.

Each of these elements culminate into the main goal of providing a robust citywide communication network
with commercial capabilities. The new system will provide many benefits to the City, its staff, businesses,
schools, and residents, as well as other stakeholders in the City of Modesto. The new fiber network provides
a scalable and flexible system that will assist in increasing the City’s network efficiency, reduce operations
and maintenance costs, while also attracting businesses and emerging industries to the City of Modesto.

The City currently utilizes fiber optic cable for traffic signal communications and contracts with third party
vendors like Comcast for internet service for City use. A review of existing needs within the City, including
existing City facility network requirements, yielded the desire and need for a robust fiber optic network
capable of achieving speeds of up to 100Gbps to connect City facilities. Furthermore, a business survey
conducted by Opportunity Stanislaus showed most businesses are interested in increased speeds, and
acknowledged the opportunities that this type of service would create (i.e. job creation, business retention,
etc.).

The Master Plan also covers how the network can ultimately be built-out with prioritized implementation
phases, and identifies pilot project options for an opportunity to work out implementation and construction
details before building out the full network. Finally, the Master Plan discusses the operations and
maintenance of the network, funding for the implementation of the network, commercial service and
governance, and other construction considerations.

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I. INTRODUCTION
Purpose of Document
The purpose of this document is to provide a Master Plan and Implementation Roadmap to guide fiber optic
network infrastructure deployment and service offerings in the City of Modesto. This Master Plan
establishes the LinkMODESTO vision for this project and the role that the City can play in meeting
communications and networking needs within the City. It provides a summary of the City’s current municipal
and commercial business communications infrastructure, as well as future needs for the network expansion
and services. The Master Plan also covers how the network can ultimately be built-out with prioritized
implementation phases, and identifies pilot project options for an opportunity to work out implementation
and construction details before building out the full network. Finally, the Master Plan discusses the
operations and maintenance of the network, funding for the implementation of the network, commercial
service and governance, and other construction considerations.

Document Organization
This LinkModesto Phase II Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan is organized as follows:

Vision – This section lists the vision elements of the LinkMODESTO vision, key stakeholders and the
benefits this project presents to them, and other future opportunities this project will afford the City.

Existing Conditions – This section provides an overview of the City and summarizes the current existing
City-owned and commercial infrastructure.

Needs and Gap Analysis – This section reviews the infrastructure needs and goals, the communications
needs for the City and commercial clients, and the communications goals of this Plan. It discusses the gap
between the City and commercial clients’ needs and how feasible this project is to bridge that gap.

LinkMODESTO Citywide Fiber Network – This section provides discussion about how the Plan will be
built out, how much it will likely cost, and some alternative network considerations.

Fiber Network Implementation – This section discusses the prioritized phases that the network is broken
down into. The details and cost of each phase is discussed, along with how the City facilities and
commercial clients will connect to the network and the recommended pilot project for the network.

Operations and Maintenance – This section breaks down what will need to be done to operate and
maintain the system, who will do it, and how much it will cost.

Funding – This section explains methods the City can use to procure the necessary funds to construct this
project, as well as ways to create cost savings and charge commercial clients for service.

Commercial Service Considerations – This section details commercial service provided by other cities,
giving the City different possibilities for governance and service.

Construction Considerations – This section discusses the general design process and requirements for
the fiber optic cable, as well as how it should be procured and designed.

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II. VISION
LinkMODESTO Vision
In preparation for this project, the City and Kimley-Horn conducted several visioning workshops with key
City stakeholders to establish the overall vision for the LinkMODESTO efforts. With the main goal of
providing a robust citywide communication network with commercial capabilities, the following vision items
were identified to be of the highest priority to stakeholders.

LinkMODESTO Vision Elements

Vision Element #1
Provide low-cost, effective, secure, and resilient information and communication
technologies for Modesto.

Vision Element #2
Support existing local business and welcome new growth.

Vision Element #3
Support deployment of future technologies in Modesto.

Vision Element #1
Provide low-cost, effective, secure, and resilient information and communication technologies for Modesto.

This element encompasses the main purpose of the LinkMODESTO project. Stakeholders have expressed
desire to interconnect City buildings and streets via this fiber optic network, as well as connecting the many
schools, hospitals, airport, and local business, including non-profits. The benefits of having a complete and
robust communication network are tangible and will provide the environment Modesto is interested in having
for years to come. Along with the interconnection benefits, the project will provide cost savings to City
operations cost, removing the need to pay third parties like Verizon or Comcast to lease fiber optic cable
for these services.

Following the initial investment, this project is a feasible revenue generator for the City. The City can lease
fiber optic cable strand to commercial clients, treating the service like a utility and bringing in additional
revenue. This will provide the City with the desired return on investment, and will be a system that will
benefit the City for decades to come.

Vision Element #2
Support existing local business and welcome new growth.

The vibrant future of Modesto rests in the hands of the businesses and residents. For that reason, the City
knows that providing a welcoming environment for business and residents is key. This project will support
the existing broad range of businesses, like software businesses and hospitals. The City also knows that
welcoming new business into the area is Key to maintain the City’s vision of an up and coming City with an
excellent business climate. Providing these types of amenities may attract emerging industries and
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business to the area. The affordability of the area, as well as proximity to other business hubs like the Bay
Area, is expected to attract such industries as BioTech, EduTech, AgTech, Telehealth, maker
manufacturing, and banking and finance. Fostering an environment for these and existing businesses will
provide the City and residents with the desired growth of the developing City.

Vision Element #3
Support deployment of future technologies in Modesto.

As the future of technology unfolds, many Cities around the country are also expanding their visions to
accommodate. New technologies like connected vehicles and autonomous systems are on the horizon,
and are heavily dependent on communications infrastructure like that which is under consideration as part
of the LinkMODESTO project. The City wants to ensure that the system will allow the most efficient use of
current services, as well as provide capacity for the future. By having these increased service capacities,
the City is well equipped to facilitate private-public partnerships that can aid in commercial business growth
in the City. The new system could provide the opportunity to support services and infrastructure for the
following examples of burgeoning technology:

· Expanded mobile communications and · Connected Vehicles

integration · Online Traffic Signals/Video Cameras
· City-wide public Wi-Fi · Cloud Services/ Offsite Backup/
· Smart Meters/ Smart Grid Colocation
· Utility System Monitoring · Public Safety– monitoring cameras,
· Adaptive Traffic Signal Control automatic license plate readers, etc.

Fiber Network Benefits

The intent of this project is to benefit as many stakeholders in the City as possible – these stakeholders
include, but are not limited to, the City of Modesto and its various departments, businesses in the area,
local hospitals, utility companies, and schools. This project will have direct benefits to the existing
stakeholders, as well as provide the opportunity for potential stakeholders to benefit in the future. Private
internet service providers are not expanding services in the area, giving the City the opportunity to fill this
need. With this project, the City is investing in the community and will immediately gain a new City-owned
asset that benefits both the City and local businesses. Fiber networks are intelligent, flexible, and scalable,
as the needs of the City and area grow, expand, and change, the system can do the same. This makes a
fiber system very well suited to the needs of the City and its various stakeholders, and will continue to serve
the community for years to come.

The City can make the network available to commercial clients, providing more services for commercial
clients and allowing them to expand their businesses in Modesto while generating revenue for the City. A
fiber network is highly applicable to emerging industries, and providing the necessary services will allow for
these businesses to grow in Modesto as opposed to leaving to go elsewhere. AgTech and BioTech
companies need high speed connections for research and finance and banking firms need high speed
connections and security. Call centers, testing centers, and data centers all rely heavily on high speed
networks to run their operations.

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The City will also benefit from the expanded network. City departments can improve the operations and
maintenance of their own existing utilities - utility usage can be tracked with smart meters over the network,
allowing utility companies to accurately track the usage and create cost savings for the City. A farther-
reaching fiber network with better, faster, and expanded online services, increasing the efficiency of
operations and reducing costs. Emergency services can benefit from this project by giving them better,
more readily available access to the network. City fire stations will have faster access to information,
allowing them to better respond to emergencies. Leak detection and other utility or existing City
infrastructure problems would be faster and more “real-time” over a fiber network, allowing for better
incident management. Healthcare facilities, such as the Kaiser Hospital in the Northwest corner of the City,
can use the strengthened communications infrastructure to better improve their services.

Using SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition software) and the new fiber network, the City can
improve security by quickly accumulating more data from more City locations. This allows law enforcement
to better perform their duties as they can monitor more effectively for any possible incidents. Other ways to
improve security include more security cameras bringing real-time video feeds back to the police
department to monitor and deter criminal activity, or possibly adding automatic license-place recognition
(ALPR). These features can be integrated into the current traffic management and/or video management
platform to bring all this information to one centralized location for easy monitoring.

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III. EXISTING CONDITIONS
About Modesto
The City of Modesto is the largest City in Stanislaus County with a population of approximately 201,000
residents as of the 2010 Census. The City is in California’s Central Valley and is an industry leader in farm
production of dairy, nuts, fruit, wine grapes, and poultry. The City is constantly expanding into other
industries, and has identified the opportunity to provide a hospitable business environment for Bio
Technologies (BioTech), Agricultural Technologies (AgTech), healthcare, education, and finance. Modesto
is within 100 miles of several metropolitan cities, including San Francisco, the Easy Bay Area, Stockton,
and Sacramento, thus making it a great place to expand business. Many businesses have identified
Modesto as a growth point, and the City is working hard to provide amenities so these industries and
businesses come, stay, and grow within Modesto.

There are four primary areas of Modesto with high density of commercial clients (shown in Figure III.1
below): Downtown (inset blow up/bottom left cloud), the Vintage Faire Mall (Location #6), the Northeast
Business Park (located near Location #44), and the Light Industrial Area near the Airport (bottom right
cloud). No communications infrastructure currently reach the Northeast Business Park or the Light Industrial
Area, and all areas would benefit by having increased communication speed and capacity.

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Figure III.1: Commercial Client High Density Areas

The City’s existing fiber optic network was mainly funded by federal funds (Congestion Management and
Air Quality Funds - CMAQ) and thus cannot be used for commercial purposes. For this reason, the City is
exploring the option of installation of an additional, somewhat parallel separate fiber optic network that may
be used for commercial purposes, as well as other City uses. This effort to for a City-wide fiber optic network
is collectively referred to as LinkMODESTO.

For the purposes of City services and inter- and intranet usage, the City subscribes to third party services
offered by private telecom companies, like Comcast, to interconnect City facilities with City Hall, which is
the City’s main hub. The following table summarizes the facilities that are connected to City Hall in this
manner. Figure III.2 shows the extent of the City’s infrastructure, as well as the City facilities discussed in
Table III.1.

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Figure III.2: Existing Communications Infrastructure and City Facilities

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Table III.1: City Facility Connections via non-City Telecom
Site No. Site Name Site Address
1 City / County Joint Powers Agency 1010 10th Street
Building (Main Network Hub)
2 Modesto Police Dept. 600 10th Street
3 Marshall Park 420 Chicago Ave
4 Northeast Area Command (Sr911) 3705 Oakdale Road
5 Southeast Area Command 1550-A Yosemite Blvd
6 Northwest Area Command (Vintage Faire 3401 Dale Road
Mall)
7 Property Evidence Building 1124 F Street
8 Police Department Evidence 11th And G Streets
9 Fire Administration 600 11th Street
10 Fire Station 1 610 11th Street
11 Fire Station 2 420 Chicago Ave
12 Fire Station 3 637 El Vista Ave
13 Fire Station 4 1505 Blue Gum Ave
14 Fire Station 5 200 W Briggsmore Ave
15 Fire Station 6 2700 Standiford Ave
16 Fire Station 7 1800 Mable Ave
17 Fire Station 8 737 Airport Way
18 Fire Station 9 4025 Fara Buindo Drive
19 Fire Station 10 148 Imperial Ave
20 Fire Station 11 4225 Carver Rd
21 Modesto City College 435 College Ave
22 Training Center 1220 Fire Science Lane
23 Recreation Center 720 Coldwell Ave
24 Senior Opportunity Services 416 Downey Ave
25 King Kennedy Memorial 601 Martin Luther King
26 Modesto Centre Plaza 1000 L Street
27 Boy Scout Clubhouse 400 Enslen Ave
28 Senior Citizens Center 211 Bodem Street
29 McHenry Mansion 906 15th Street
30 McHenry Museum 1402 I Street
31 American Legion Hall 1021 S.Santa Cruz Ave
32 Maddux Youth Center 615 Sierra Drive
33 Graceda Park/Mancini Bowl 410 Needham (Needham And
Sycamore)
34 John Thurman Field 601 Neece Drive
35 Creekside Golf Course 701 Lincoln Avenue
36 Dryden Park Golf Course 920 South Sunset Avenue
37 Modesto Municipal Golf Course 400 Toulumne Boulevard
38 Corporation Yard 501 N.Jefferson Street
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Site No. Site Name Site Address
39 Bus Maintenance Facility 1609 8th Street
40 Transportation Center 9th Street & J Street – Radio Comm
41 Airport Terminal 617 Airport Way
42 Airport General Aviation 700 Tioga Drive
43 Sanitation Plant 1221 Sutter Ave
44 Amtrak Station 1700 Held Drive
45 Intersection of Hatch and Morgan Hatch and Morgan
46 Jennings
Source: City of Modesto IT

Existing Commercial Infrastructure

Opportunity Stanislaus, a local advocate and management consultant, sent out a survey on behalf of the
City to businesses in the area regarding existing communications infrastructure available to commercial
clients and gauge interest in ISP services. The survey included questions about access to a fiber network
and what internet speed the respondent is current using. Over half of the responding businesses did not
currently use fiber networks and only one-third were certain that their building or facility capable of receiving
fiber network connections. Most businesses are currently using 100 Mb internet connections and the current
market is generally offering up to a 250 Mbps internet connection.

Existing Internet Access Nodes

There is currently one major carrier-neutral Internet Exchange Point (IXP) Data Center located in Downtown
Modesto, Ayera Technologies. Ayera is located two blocks from City Hall, potentially allowing for a short
fiber network connection to be built that would allow the city to provide internet access to commercial clients.
Ayera provides clients with wireless internet services, colocation services, and web hosting.

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IV. NEEDS AND GAP ANALYSIS
Needs Assessment
The LinkMODESTO vision is an overarching goal to provide an environment that is hospitable to business
and technology expansion in the City of Modesto. The City and local businesses and residents will benefit
from a new communication system to provide the infrastructure to support these goals. The main
infrastructure needs to achieve these ends are identified in this section.

As part of the research for infrastructure needs, a survey of Modesto businesses was conducted by
Opportunity Stanislaus to determine what their main needs and desires regarding communications and
internet access. Generally, the survey attempted to determine the following:

· What kind of communications services and speeds businesses are currently being used and being
offered
· If their facilities are fiber-ready
· Desired speeds
· How higher speed would impact business, job creation, and job retention

Infrastructure

Needs
The most important requirement for a resilient and robust system is a new strategically placed
communications backbone that covers the City and its desired areas of service. The main areas that require
this kind of service are the City facilities, as well as existing businesses and planned developments around
the City that are key to City growth. These areas are identified on Figure IV.1 with respect to land use. To
serve these needs, the design of the backbone will be strategically laid out to cover as many of the facilities
in such a way that additional infrastructure to complete the connection is minimized (also known as “last
mile” connections). Like other types of utilities, services to buildings away from the main trunk line will still
need some gap closure work to tie into the back-bone system.

Goals
Figure IV.2 shows the proposed routing of the fiber optic trunk line ring that will serve as the main basis
point for businesses to tie into (primary fiber optic trunk ring in red). This routing should be optimized to also
minimize installation cost and utilize existing infrastructure as much as possible. In the case of this trunk
line, the use of Modesto Irrigation District aerial power poles is the most cost-effective, efficient option for
minimizing the actual impact of installation of the fiber optic cable itself. This option reduces the
environmental impact of the project due to the relatively low impact on traditional construction work where
the ground is disturbed.

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Figure IV.1: City and Commercial Infrastructure Needs

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Communications

City Needs
Due to the high prices of third-party communications costs, and the absence of a City-owned option for
communications between its many facilities, the City has identified the need for a more economically
feasible option for the interconnection of its facilities. The benefits of such a change are clear in that the
City will own and maintain the communications systems and can benefit financially from the investment in
the new infrastructure.

Overall, the City facilities currently utilizes speeds ranging between 20 Mbps and 1 Gbps. As previously
mentioned, these network connections are made via third party companies. The City previously utilized iNet
for these services, but has recently switched services to MetroNet. The City has specified that they’d like
these connections to be upgraded to 10 Gbps to 40 Gbps in the future when on the new dedicated network.
Not only with the new system need to support the existing systems and City facilities, but it should also be
considerate of planned developments and new facilities that will likely also require interconnection with the
communications backbone, as well as any desired scaling of the system. Table IV.1 summaries the existing
and desired speeds for each of the City’s many facilities that will likely utilize the new communications
system.

Table IV.1: Existing City Facility Speeds

Site Site Name Existing Connection Desired Connection
No. Speeds Speed
1 City / County Joint Powers Agency Building
1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
(Main Network Hub)
2 Modesto Police Dept. 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
3 Marshall Park 100 Mbps 10 Gbps
4 Northeast Area Command (Sr911) 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
5 Southeast Area Command 100 Mbps 10 Gbps
6 Northwest Area Command (Vintage Faire Mall) 100 Mbps 10 Gbps
7 Property Evidence Building 100 Mbps 10 – 40 Gbps
8 Police Department Evidence 100 Mbps 10 – 40 Gbps
9 Fire Administration 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
10 Fire Station 1 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
11 Fire Station 2 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
12 Fire Station 3 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
13 Fire Station 4 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
14 Fire Station 5 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
15 Fire Station 6 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
16 Fire Station 7 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
17 Fire Station 8 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
18 Fire Station 9 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
19 Fire Station 10 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
20 Fire Station 11 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
21 Modesto City College 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
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Site Site Name Existing Connection Desired Connection
No. Speeds Speed
22 Training Center 20Mbps Comcast 10 – 40 Gbps
23 Recreation Center 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
24 Senior Opportunity Services 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
25 King Kennedy Memorial 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
26 Modesto Centre Plaza None 10 – 40 Gbps
27 Boy Scout Clubhouse None 10 Gbps
28 Senior Citizens Center 1 Gbps 10 Gbps
29 McHenry Mansion 1 Gbps 10 Gbps
30 McHenry Museum 1 Gbps 10 Gbps
31 American Legion Hall 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
32 Maddux Youth Center 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
33 Graceda Park/Mancini Bowl 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
34 John Thurman Field 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
35 Creekside Golf Course 1 Gbps 10 Gbps
36 Dryden Park Golf Course 1 Gbps 10 Gbps
37 Modesto Municipal Golf Course 1 Gbps 10 Gbps
38 Corporation Yard 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
39 Bus Maintenance Facility 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
40 Transportation Center 100 Mbps Radio 10 – 40 Gbps
41 Airport Terminal 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
42 Airport General Aviation 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
43 Sanitation Plant 1 Gbps 10 – 40 Gbps
44 Amtrak Station None 10 Gbps
45 Intersection of Hatch and Morgan None 10 Gbps
46 Jennings 300 Mbps
10 – 40 Gbps
Trango Microwave
Source: City of Modesto IT

Commercial Client Needs

Commercial clients in Modesto have a several internet service options available including Comcast
Business, AT&T U-Verse, Unwired Broadband, Level 3 Communications, and more. The City worked with
Opportunity Stanislaus to prepare and send out a survey to local businesses to gauge interest in higher
internet speeds. (The survey questions and results can be found in the Appendix.) Over 90% of the
businesses showed interest for faster connection speeds, such as 1 Gb or 10 Gb. Faster internet speeds
were also cited as a factor to allow businesses to both retain and create jobs in Modesto.

Goals
Figure IV.2 above shows the proposed backbone route around the City (shown in red). As mentioned
previously, the goal of the proposed routing is to provide a reasonable tie in point for the existing commercial
areas, planned improvements, and key corridors identified by the City for interconnection with the City
network. There are also a couple identified secondary trunks, also referred to as “spurs,” which will provide
a non-redundant connection to the trunk line while reaching additional areas of the City (shown in blue).

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This connection will expand the reach of the system to the more remote areas of the City, including some
areas with planned developments identified as priority areas (i.e. the health corridor).

Gap Analysis
Since the City already has a ATMS-specific fiber optic network, a new fiber network is necessary to provide
commercial usage opportunities for both the City and commercial clients. Since the current system is both
in-ground fiber optic cable as well as aerial, it may be feasible to also utilize that same strategy for setting
up the new network backbone. Modesto Irrigation District owns and maintains existing power poles covering
a large majority of the City and this may provide the City the opportunity to cut their investment cost and
leasing costs by utilizing those existing facilities for the installation as they have for some other installations
in the past for the ATMS system for a nominal fee.

City Facilities
As previously mentioned in Table III.1, there are 46 City facilities currently using third party telecom services
(e.g. iNET transitioning to MetroEthernet). The locations of these facilities are shown in Figure IV.1 (shown
as numbered circles which refer to facilities listed in Table IV.1). Most of these facilities can be
interconnected to City Hall via a new independent fiber optic network, as opposed to utilizing third party
existing communication infrastructure due to lack of City-owned infrastructure. The City facilities currently
utilize Comcast services, with a few exceptions that utilize radio or microwave technology due to their more
remote location.

Commercial Clients
The businesses in Modesto vary greatly in type and needs. As technology improves and high speeds
become more readily available, more businesses require the use of these services for everyday operations.
The gap with expanding speeds for existing businesses lies with the lack of City-owned infrastructure and
the third-party services and their existing infrastructure. The City has a distinct advantage to provide this
type of service to existing and future businesses. A new communication network will provide a reliable and
scalable backbone for future growth, thus providing the City the opportunity to close the communications
gaps to serve its citizens and businesses and reduce the dependence on third party telecommunications
companies. The locations of businesses that responded the survey are shown as blue squares in Figure
IV.2.

Priorities & Constraints

Priorities for the development of a fiber and communication network include providing support to businesses
and providing the environment to achieve the City’s overall business vision and expanding the ability of the
City to provide a reliable and robust connection between all areas of the City and its facilities. These
priorities, coupled with a well-designed and easily maintained system will provide the foundation for the
achievement of the City’s vision as discussed in the Vision section of this document. The main constraints
to achieve these ends are, as discussed previously, lack of existing City-owned infrastructure for expansion
of the fiber network around the whole city and existing reliance on third party companies.

Feasibility
Based on the needs of the City and commercial clients, building up a City-owned fiber-optic network is the
answer that will close the gap. Many of the City facilities currently have connection speeds of 1 Gbps, and
the network needs to be strengthened to allow for connection speeds of 10 Gbps to 40 Gbps. Additionally,
many commercial clients have interest in connecting to the network and getting similar connection speeds
to that of the City. This can be accomplished by expanding the reach of the fiber network by installing fiber
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optic cable in new locations using a combination of conduit and aerial installation to grow the network, as
well as installing new, higher-strand fiber optic cable in existing locations to allow for faster connection
speeds.

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V. LINKMODESTO CITYWIDE FIBER NETWORK
Ultimate Network Build-out Description
The following trunk network design is recommended to support the City of Modesto Needs and Objectives
previously described. As summarized graphically in Figure V.1, the LinkMODESTO Proposed Citywide
Fiber Trunk Network will consist of a 25-mile-long fiber ring of 432-strand fiber optic cable (red lines in
figure) running along key corridors of the City. Additional fiber trunk spurs (blue lines in diagram) will be
built out to extend the fiber network to areas of the City outside of the main trunk lines. The fiber optic cable
will be installed in conduits (existing and new), as well as on existing overhead utility poles. The trunk cable
fiber strands would be divided between City and Commercial client use.

This fiber ring will include three network hubs to allow redundant network connections and three splice
cabinets to allow easily expansion of the network as it is implemented in phases. The network hubs will be
located at City Hall, Fire Station #6 and Fire Station #7. A secure, separate air-conditioned data hut would
be constructed at the Fire Station hubs to house the fiber termination panels and network equipment. To
serve key City facilities, the fiber ring will also include redundant fiber connections from the fire station hubs
to Modesto Police Northwest Command at Vintage Faire Mall and to Police Dispatch at County/911
Building.

It is anticipated that the speed of the hub-to-hub connections will initially be 20 Gbps (ultimately upgraded
to 200 Gbps). City facilities and commercial clients would be connected via branch fiber cable to the trunk
fiber cable to the nearest hub for network connection with initial connection speeds of 1 Gbps (ultimate 10
Gbps). Each hub will have separate City and Commercial Client switches so that the City and Commercial
Client Networks are physically separated. This will allow the City to more easily troubleshoot and distinguish
maintenance responsibilities.

The Proposed Citywide Fiber Trunk network will have a fiber connection to a carrier-neutral Internet
Exchange Point (IXP) Data Center from the City Hall Network Hub. The fiber connection would connect the
City Hall MPOE to the IXP/ Data Center MPOE over a combination of conduit and overhead fiber access.
The IXP Data Center will provide internet and colocation services to the City and commercial clients that
are connected to the Citywide Fiber network. The IXP/Data Center would include City and Commercial
switches (connected to their counterparts at City Hall Network Hub) and routers for access to various carrier
networks.

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Figure V.1: Proposed Citywide Fiber Trunk Network

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Alternative Network Considerations
To provide alternate network design scenarios, the following deployment options were explored for
comparison with regards to cable installations, implementation, and cost.

Separate City Facility and Commercial Client Trunk Cables

Under this design alternative, two 288-strand fiber optic cables would be used for the main fiber optic trunk
ring in lieu of a shared 432-strand fiber optic cable. This provides separate fiber optic cables for the City
Network and the Commercial Client Network for clear physical separation between the networks (rather
than have both networks share the same fiber optic cable) 1. This alternative increases the total capacity of
the main ring by 33 percent. The fiber optic cable procurement costs are anticipated to remain similar under
this alternative, but the installation cost may increase by up to 100% (two cables be installed instead of
one). For aerial installation, the fiber would be heavier which may limit whether the cable could be
overlashed to existing City aerial fiber (whether existing support wires are sufficiently sized) and require
additional coordination with MID. The two cables also increase the conduit fill in conduits, and therefore,
new conduits would need to be 2.5” instead of 2”. (Note that existing conduits are not currently planned to
be used by the ultimate design.). Lastly, the increase in fiber capacity increases the number of fiber
terminations at each end, which will result in higher costs.

Table V.1 – Separate City Facility and Commercial Client Trunk Cables
Advantages Disadvantages
· Clear physical separation between City · Increased installation/ construction costs
and Commercial networks · Existing City aerial cable may not
· Increased fiber capacity support two cables.

100 Gb Hub Connections

Under this design, the network would start with the ultimate two 100 Gbps hub-to-hub connections, instead
of two 10 Gbps. The switch upgrades for this are estimated to cost approximately twice as much, and the
100G GBICs cost approximately 7.5 times as much as the 10G GBICs. The key advantage for this
alternative is much greater initial network capacity, but this must be measured against projected demand
and anticipated decreases in network equipment in the future.

Internet Exchange Point Connection Alternatives

An Internet Exchange Point (IXP) is a data center though which internet service providers (ISPs) connect
to and provide internet services to clients. By definition, the IXP is not tied to a specific ISP and this allows
alternative designs for the final connection.

Alternative #1 – Network Hub fiber connection to ISP

For the first alternative, the Modesto network ends at City Hall Network switch and is directly connected to
the ISP router located at the IXP data center. An advantage for the commercial client is that they only need
to interact with the City as the City will be performing all coordination with the ISP. The Client could also
take advantage of services provided at the IXP Data Center, such as colocation. However, this connection
could potentially be less secure, as there are more connection points needed.

1
Note that the City and Commercial Clients have separate switches at the network hubs
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Alternative #2 – Network Hub fiber connection to IXP.
For the second alternative, the fiber running from the commercial client bypasses the switch located at the
City Hall Network Hub and runs straight to the IXP Data Center. This option would be more secure for the
commercial client as there are less connection points. Another benefit for the Client is that they could take
advantage of services provided by the IXP Data Center. However, the Client would have to reach out to the
IXP directly for services, as opposed to going through the City.

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VI. FIBER NETWORK IMPLEMENTATION
Implementation Phases
The Citywide Fiber optic Network has been divided into separate phases for deployment. Phase 1 includes
construction of the primary fiber ring, including network hubs; connection to the IXP Data Center; building
out of the downtown spur between City Hall and the Police Department; and building out the Yosemite spur.
This phase will allow a redundant network for City facilities and commercial clients to connect and allow
fiber-optic network access for businesses along the initial fiber ring,. Phase 2 contains six additional spur
options that will each be separately constructed later as deemed appropriate by City and Community needs.
This phase begins with the Hospital Ring in the northwestern corner of the city and loosely prioritizes the
spurs in order shown.

These phases are summarized in Table VI.1 and illustrated in Figure VI.1. Additional project details are
included in the following pages

Table VI.1 – Citywide Fiber Network

Phase 1 Phase 2
· Network Data huts · 2A – Hospital Ring (Kaiser/Kiernan)
· Primary Fiber Trunk Ring connections between · 2B – McHenry Spur
network hubs · 2C – Crows Landing Spur
· Fiber connections to County 911/ Dispatch and · 2D – Southeast City Spur
NW command (Vintage Faire Mall) (Claus/Briggsmore)
· Connection to Internet Exchange Point (IXP) · 2E – Scenic Spur
· 1A - Downtown Fiber Spur – City Hall and Police · 2F – Sutter Spur
Department
· 1A - Yosemite Ave Spur

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Figure VI.1: Proposed Citywide Fiber Trunk Network – Implementation Phases

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Project Descriptions by Phase
Phase 1: Primary Fiber Trunk Ring and IXP Connection

Primary Fiber Trunk Ring

· 432-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Ring
· 25 Miles Long
· Contain 3 Network Hub Locations
· Each Hub will have two 24-port, 2x10G Switches, one for the City Network and one for the
Commercial Client Network
· The northwest and northeast hub locations (located at Fire Stations) will be linked to City Facilities
(NW Command Center and County/911 Building, respectively) via a 48-Strand Fiber Optic Cable
Loop
· 2x10G GBIC’s will be located at either end of each run of fiber for the primary ring and the two 48-
strand loops – 28 GBIC’s used for the City Network and 12 GBIC’s for the Commercial Client
Network
· Fiber Optic Cable to be placed using a combination of Overlash Aerial Installation, Solo Aerial
Installation, and Conduit Installation
· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Overlash and Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles
to hang the fiber
· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in new 4” PVC Conduit that will be installed by
Trenching
· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of each Fiber Optic Cable, with
one Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of each
strand of fiber
· Three Fiber Splice Cabinets will be installed along the ring to allow fiber to be spliced at locations
other than the Network Hubs

City Hall Connection to Internet Exchange Point (IXP)

· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Connection
· 1/3 of a Mile Long
· Connects City Hall Network Hub with Downtown IXP Data Center
· The IXP Data Center will have one 24-port, 2x10G Switch that will connect to the City Hall Network
Hub
· 2x10G GBIC’s will be located at either end of each run of fiber for the IXP connection – 4 GBIC’s
will be used for the IXP Connection
· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in new 4” PVC Conduit that will be installed by
Trenching
· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one
Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of each
strand of fiber
· “Last Mile” Fiber connection and GBICs for to City facilities and commercial businesses not
included in cost estimate

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Phase 1A: Police Department Spur and Yosemite Spur

Downtown Police Department Spur between City Hall and Police Department Building
· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur
· 0.5 Miles Long
· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in new 4” PVC Conduit that will be installed by
Trenching
· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one
Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of each
strand of fiber

Yosemite Spur
· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur
· 2.5 Miles Long
· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles to hang the
fiber
· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one
Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of each
strand of fiber
· One Fiber Splice Cabinet will be installed at the end of the spur to allow fiber to be spliced at
locations other than the Network Hubs

Phase 2: Additional Future Spur Options

2A – Hospital Ring (Kaiser/Kiernan)

· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur
· 5.5 Miles Long
· Fiber Optic Cable to be placed using a combination of Solo Aerial Installation and Conduit
Installation
· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles to hang the
fiber
· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in new 4” PVC Conduit that will be installed by
Trenching
· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one
Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of each
strand of fiber

2B – McHenry Spur
· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur
· 4.5 Miles Long
· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles to hang the
fiber
· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one
Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of each
strand of fiber

2C – Crows Landing Spur

· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur
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· 3 Miles Long
· Fiber Optic Cable to be placed using a combination of Solo Aerial Installation and Conduit
Installation
· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the poles (not-MID) to hang
the fiber
· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in new 4” PVC Conduit that will be installed by
Trenching
· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one
Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of each
strand of fiber

2D – Southeast City Spur (Claus/Briggsmore)

· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur
· 5 Miles Long
· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles to hang the
fiber
· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one
Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of each
strand of fiber

2E – Scenic Spur
· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur
· 2 Miles Long
· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Overlash Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles to hang
the fiber
· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one
Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of each
strand of fiber

2F – Sutter Spur
· 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Spur
· 2.5 Miles Long
· Fiber Optic Cable to be placed using a combination of Solo Aerial Installation and Conduit
Installation
· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles to hang the
fiber
· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in new 4” PVC Conduit that will be installed by
Trenching
· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one
Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of each
strand of fiber

Last Mile Connection

The Last Mile Connection will be the final communications segment constructed. It connects the City
facilities or commercial clients to the primary fiber network using either a wireless or direct fiber connection.
In each case, a branch fiber cable will be spliced into the City Fiber Trunk Ring and allow for the City facility
or commercial clients to have full access to the communications network using either the wireless or direct

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fiber connection option. Fiber routing and connection type depends on the building location, network setup,
building requirements, and other site-specific factors.

For City facilities, the City will construct the Last Mile Connection, choosing what connection type will be
installed and coordinating the construction. Commercial clients, on the other hand, must coordinate the
construction separately. The fiber network will be put in place by the City, but the commercial client must
construct infrastructure from their facility up to and including the splice to the city trunk fiber cable. Figure
VI.2 shows the Last Mile Connection in relation to the fiber network.

The last mile connection can be achieved in one of two ways. They include wireless connection or direct
fiber connection. The following sections review what each entail.

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Figure VI.2 – Last Mile Connection

Figure VI.3(a): Wi-Fi Wireless Connection

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Figure VI.3(b): Point-to-Point Wireless Connection

Direct Fiber Connection

For the direct fiber connection option, the branch cable is brought directly to the facility where it connects
to the fiber distribution unit and switch. There are two potential installation methods for a direct fiber last
mile connection: conduit installation or aerial installation. When installing the fiber optic branch cable using
conduit, the fiber is brought to the building using underground conduit, some if not most of which would also
be newly installed as shown in Figure VI.4(a). When using aerial installation, the branch cable is brought
to the buildings by hanging the fiber from MID (or other Utility-owned) poles as shown in Figure VI.4(b).

Figure VI.4(a): Direct Fiber Connection – Conduit Installation of Fiber optic Cable

Figure VI.4(b): Direct Fiber Connection – Aerial Installation of Fiber optic Cable

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Summary
Table VI.1 below summaries the advantages and disadvantages for various connections options.

Table VI.2 – Connection Options Advantages and Disadvantages

Connection Advantages Disadvantages
Wi-Fi Wireless • Serve multiple businesses with one • Potentially less secure
access point • Shared bandwidth – bandwidth
• Wireless faster/easier deployment drops as more users added
than fiber link • Limited Range - bandwidth drops
exponentially with distance (can be
extended with repeaters/mesh
network)
• Max realistic performance: up to
433 Mbps @75 feet (single user)
Point-to-Point • Wireless faster/easier deployment • More expensive end equipment
Wireless than fiber link (radios, high-gain antennas) -
• More secure/ longer range than Wi- typically P2P configuration
Fi • Requires clear line-of-sight, antenna
may need to be regularly realigned
• Max realistic performance: up to
200Mbps (unlicensed), 600 Mbps
(licensed) @0.5 mile

Direct Fiber • Less end equipment needed (direct • Construction costs higher and more
connection to fiber network) disruptive
• More secure than wireless • May need permits for trenching,
• High speeds than wireless for utility poles, etc.
longer distances

Pilot Project
Purpose
The purpose of the Link Modesto Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan – Pilot Project (shown in Figure
VI.5) is to build a functioning, stand-alone portion of the ultimate LinkModesto Fiber optic Network to allow
the City of Modesto to work through issues related to procurement of fiber optic cable, selection of
installation contractors, construction of fiber network and connection to City facilities and businesses, and
providing high-speed internet services to commercial clients.

Description

The Pilot Project will consist of a 6-mile-long stretch of 432-strand fiber optic cable from the City Hall
Network Hub to the Fire Station #6 Network Hub (Location #15 in Table III.1) near the Modesto Police
Northwest Command at Vintage Faire Mall. The segment from City Hall to the Briggsmore and Prescott will
be installed using overlash aerial installation and the rest of the segment to the Fire Station #6 Network
Hub will be installed as existing conduit installation. The City Hall Network will also be connected to an
Internet Exchange Point (IXP) in the downtown area, just a few blocks away from City Hall. A third of a mile
stretch of 48-strand fiber optic cable will connect to the IXP Data Center using solo aerial installation and
new conduit installation, providing internet services for the City and commercial clients.
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Figure VI.5: Proposed Citywide Fiber Trunk Network – Pilot Project

The Construction Cost estimate includes mobilization, traffic control, other project costs as well as
construction contingency to cover any other unpredictable costs. Detailed cost estimates are included in
the Appendix. Additional project implementations costs such as design and project administration are not
included.

Advantages
The Pilot Project is a subset of the ultimate Primary Fiber Trunk Ring and will build out one entire section
of the Primary Fiber Trunk Ring from the City Hall Network Hub to the Fire Station #6 Network Hub including
the end equipment at both ends. This section will utilize aerial installation and existing empty conduit
installation, making for relatively quicker installation.

The Modesto City College (Location #21 in Table III.1) is located directly along this segment, and a few
other City facilities can be reached as well. The Northwest area of the City is an area of potential growth of
new businesses, making this a good choice for the Pilot Project. Additionally, two Network Hubs will be built
with this segment, leaving only one remaining for Phase 1 construction.

Implementation

Primary Pilot Project Segment Elements

· 6 Miles Long, 432-Strand Fiber Optic Cable
· Fiber Optic Cable to be placed using a combination of Overlash Aerial Installation and Existing
Conduit Installation
· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Overlash Aerial required to pay rent to use the MID Poles
· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in existing empty 3” PVC Conduit
· Fibers terminated at City Hall Network Hub on one end and Fire Station #6 Network Hub on the
other end
· Each Hub will have two 24-port, 2x10G Switches, one for the City Network and one for the
Commercial Client Network, with 2x10G GBIC’s included for the City Network
· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of each Fiber Optic Cable, with
one Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of each
strand of fiber

City Hall Connection to Internet Exchange Point

· 48-Strand Fiber Optic Cable Connection
· 1/3 of a Mile Long
· Connects City Hall Network Hub with Downtown IXP Data Center
· Fiber Optic Cable to be placed using a combination of Overlash Aerial Installation and Conduit
Installation
· Fiber Optic Cable installed as Solo Aerial will need to pay rent to use the MID Poles to hang the
fiber
· Fiber Optic Cable installed in Conduit will be in new 4” PVC Conduit that will be installed by
Trenching
· The IXP Data Center will have one 24-port, 2x10G Switch that will connect to the City Hall Network
Hub
· 2x10G GBIC’s will be located at either end of each run of fiber for the IXP connection – 4 GBIC’s
will be used for the IXP Connection
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· All fibers will be terminated at a Termination Panel at both ends of the Fiber Optic Cable, with one
Termination Panel at each end of the Fiber Optic Cable and one termination at the end of each
strand of fiber
· “Last Mile” Fiber connection and GBICs for to City facilities and commercial businesses not
included in cost estimate

Alternative Implementation Strategies

The current plan for this project entails using funds raised primarily by the City to build out the project. The
City would be responsible for the network and build out and maintain that section, and commercial clients
would be responsible for building and maintaining the Last Mile Connection to tap into the fiber network.
Alternatively, the City could partner with a Private Sector company (e.g. Ayera, Wave, CVIN) to help build
and maintain the entire segment from the Network Hub to the City facility or commercial client. The
commercial clients would then be able to work with the City on installation of the Last Mile Connection as
the City would be facilitating the connection.

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VII. OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE
To ensure proper performance of the fiber network, regular maintenance will need to occur to repair any
problems with the fiber network. One benefit of a fiber network is the relatively low amount of maintenance
needed to keep the system up and running. The system should work properly unless there is specific
damage that occurs somewhere in the network. The main maintenance will stem from breaks that occur in
the fiber due to damage to infrastructure like conduit or poles, or any damage to the end equipment, such
as a splice cabinet knockdown or a patch panel disconnection. The current outlook for maintenance
responsibilities is that the City would perform all maintenance.

Costs and Resources

To ensure proper performance of the fiber network, some level of permanent staff will likely be needed to
monitor the system and perform regular preventative and reactive maintenance. Since the City is planning
on leasing fiber strands out to commercial clients for internet access, the City will need staff in place to
manage all billings for commercial client use of the network. Depending on how extensive the services
become and how many commercial clients wish to use the fiber network, this task could require hiring new
full-time staff, but it would likely become a responsibility for a current staff member.

With the further development and implementation of the fiber network, there will be an increase in possible
locations that have issues. Maintenance for the end equipment for each run of fiber located at the network
hubs will need to be routinely checked and maintained by qualified IT staff at the City. There are a few
options for maintenance on the equipment located in the field, such as the fiber optic cables and splice
cabinets. The City could hire a field technician full time to make any repairs necessary. As there will likely
not be enough work to keep a City field technician busy full time, another option would be to hire and
external contractor on an on-call basis. This could either be a field technician from Stanislaus County or
Caltrans, or a third-party licensed contractor. By this method, the City would have an outside source ready
to troubleshoot any problems that occur and pay them on a case-by-case basis, as opposed to employing
somebody full-time.

As part of this analysis, four cities similar to Modesto who currently have a commercial fiber network were
interviewed. Two of the four cities surveyed reported operations budgets, giving an idea of the costs to
operate a fiber network. Both Santa Monica and Pasadena own and operate their fiber networks. Santa
Monica reported an annual operations budget of $1.2 million to $1.3 million, and Pasadena has an annual
operations budget of $400,000, which includes both soft costs and strategic future expansion. Glendale’s
Water and Power department owns and operates their fiber, and has no budget for operations and
maintenance. Santa Clarita owns their fiber network, but Wilcon, a third-party, operates the network and
pays for the maintenance. These four cities have very different operation costs, but the cost for the City
would likely be somewhere in the range of what Pasadena and Santa Monica allocate annually. Additional
survey information in included in Section IX of this document.

Other Costs
Costs for replacement are expected to be relatively low for the first twenty years following construction.
However, since all circumstances cannot be known initially, the City should consider allocation of a portion
of funding for a replacement fund. These funds would be utilized in the event of a catastrophic failure where
entire portions of infrastructure would be required to be replaced. This could also include end equipment
such as switches or routers, which may have expired warranties after 3-5 years. The City may also consider
earmarking revenue generated by the system, via commercial clients, for a replacement fund.
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If the City wishes to expand the fiber network in the future, the City will need to expand the budget to help
pay for this growth. This could come from money raised by commercial client leasing of fiber. Of the four
similar cities surveyed, Pasadena was the only respondent that mentioned any future expansion costs.
They included this as a part of their $400,000 annual operations budget and have $75,000 budgeted for
Capital Improvement annually. Any revenue they generate is earmarked for expansion and operations,
similar to what the City may consider. Any expansions costs are going to vary based on the scale and
nature of the expansion, but using revenue from commercial clients will likely be the easiest way to fund
this expansion.

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VIII.FUNDING
The project would be funded by telecommunications cost savings, Commercial Client service fees, and
other funding sources. Funding for this project will be needed for initial implementation and construction,
operations and maintenance, and upgrades and expansion. The project for this project will be most likely
be used for implementation, operations and maintenance, replacement, and expansion.

Telecommunication Cost Savings

By building a City-owned and operated fiber network, the City will no longer require contracts with third
parties like Verizon or Comcast for network communications between City Facilities. The City currently
spends approximately $100,000 per year for these services.

Commercial Client Service Fees

The City will charge connection and monthly service fees to commercial client that wishes to connect to the
Citywide network. These fees will depend on what services the City decides to provide (dark fiber, ISP,
etc.) as certain services may cost the City more to provide. The service fees would also depend on how
many fibers the commercial client wishes to lease and how much capacity they require. These service fees
will provide the City with a revenue stream that should cover the annual operations costs and eventually
recoup the upfront costs from the implementation of the network. The “break-even” point will depend on the
service fees charged, the adoption rate and number of commercial clients that sign-up, the amount of
upfront costs that need to be prepaid, and ongoing expenses.

Grant Funding
Grant funding may also be available to the City to assist offsetting implementation costs. Grants are typically
available for construction capital expenses only (sometime first year of warranty and maintenance can be
included). While there may be some grants that specifically target fiber optic cable installation (e.g. Smart
Cities Challenge), the City should also consider grants for similar uses, such as traffic signal coordination
and communications, or public safety network enhancements. A traffic signal coordination project could
install additional fiber and/or conduit to be utilized by the City fiber network. The City needs to carefully
review the requirements of such grants for any restrictions that could limit the use for other purposes. For
example, federally-funded grants typically do not allow the City to commercialize or monetize construction
funded by them. Such grants could be utilized for construction for the City Facility network, but not the
Commercial Client network.

Private Partnership
Since government grants sometimes have strict usage requirements, another option for funding may
include partnership with a private entity, such as a foundation or investment fund. One such example
includes the Cisco Foundation, which is a foundation dedicated to identifying investment areas and projects
that will benefit education, economic empowerment, and critical human needs. The Cisco Foundation
partners with the beneficiaries of the grants to achieve these goals.

Venture capital investments would provide a second opportunity for funding. The City may consider an
outside investor who may provide partnership in funding the initial infrastructure of the system, and could
benefit from the successful implementation of a commercialized system. The City has had some initial
discussions with possible venture capital firms about such a partnership.

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IX. COMMERCIAL SERVICE CONSIDERATIONS
Municipal Broadband Success Stories
According to the Institute for Local Self-Reliance, there are more than 450 communities across the country
running broadband networks as public utilities. Among these municipal broadband systems, there are
several success stories that interested cities could lean on. These include lowering Internet costs for
residents, encouraging economic development, and improving overall telecom services.

Cedar Falls, Iowa

In the 1990s, Cedar Falls Utilities built a citywide municipal hybrid fiber coaxial network and provided fiber
connections to commercial and industrial customers in both the city and the industrial park. Over the years,
Cedar Falls watched businesses from neighboring towns relocate to the area, in part because of the need
for more bandwidth and greater Internet capabilities. Cedar Falls has now made the transition to all fiber
and became the state’s first gigabit city in 2014. Jim Krieg, general manager of Cedar Falls Utilities, noted
the growth that fiber optics had generated: “Twenty years ago, [Cedar Falls] had 27 businesses and $5
million in taxable valuation; today, there are 160 businesses and $270 million in valuation.”

Chattanooga, Tennessee
With its fiber-to-the-home network offering gigabit speeds throughout the city, Chattanooga has attracted
several major companies, including Volkswagen, which has already spent more than $1 billion building
factories in the area and created 12,000 new jobs, as well as Homeserve USA and Amazon. Chattanooga’s
innovative, high speed fiber network has also created an entrepreneurial boom in the city.

Cumberland, Maryland
Cumberland, Alleghany County and the county board of education have partnered for 15 years on an
innovative wireless infrastructure program that delivers high-quality services to government users and
makes available both middle-mile and last-mile wireless capabilities for private ISPs that serve residential,
business and health care customers. The availability of these services, particularly in the most rural parts
of the county, distinguish the county from other rural areas. It has enabled the development of home based
businesses and attracted second-home buyers who otherwise would not have chosen to locate in the
county.

The Dalles, Oregon

The Dalles, a city of 11,873 residents in the picturesque Columbia River Gorge, operates a 17-mile
municipal fiber optic network. In 2005, as a direct result of The Dalles’s municipal networking capabilities,
Google decided to purchase an industrial site there for $1.87 million to house high-tech equipment that
would be connected to the rest of the company’s network. According to the man who coordinated the deal
with Google, “It was visionary – this little town with no tax revenues had figured out that if you want to
transform an economy from manufacturing to information, you’ve got to pull fiber.” The project was
expected to create “between 50 and 100 jobs over a matter of time, earning an estimated average of
$60,000 annually in wages and benefits.” The Dalles succeeded so well that it recently paid off its network
debt well ahead of schedule.

Danville, Virginia
In contrast to The Dalles, Danville did not have a fiber network when AOL came looking for a site. As a
result, AOL struck Danville off its list of potential sites for a new data center and located the center in Prince
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William County, Va. After this setback, Danville developed a fiber network of its own. Now known as the
“Comeback City,” Danville used its fiber network to revitalize its economy, once the worst in the state with
a 19 percent unemployment rate, and made the city a site of robust economic development, attracting
Microsoft, IKEA and many other new, high-tech businesses.

Kendall County, Texas

A cooperative telephone company, GVTC, began building out FTTH in the Texas Hill Country in 2004. It
works closely with the Kendall County Economic Development Corporation to promote the network to
businesses. As a result, the region’s growth has outpaced the rest of Texas by 4 percentage points.
Corporate site selection committees no longer reject sites in the county. An economic development official
said, “If I don’t have fiber, I’m eliminated – not just fiber to the business, because the executives are
commuting to San Antonio and want to work from home because of gas prices. Fiber allows throughput
and security.”

Software companies, medical companies and aerospace companies have relocated to or stayed in the area
because of the fiber network. Even Hill Country wineries, which constitute a small but tenacious local
industry dating back to early German settlers, are now putting towns such as Fredericksburg and Boerne
on vintners’ maps.

Lafayette, Louisiana
When NuComm International needed to locate a new call center – one that would add 1,000 jobs ... to the
local economy – it chose Lafayette, La., because the city is building a massive fiber network to connect
everyone.” Lafayette has garnered attention in the tech sector, with many companies relocating to the area
because of Internet connectivity. In one example, “Scott Eric Olivier moved his tech startup firm, Skyscraper
Holding, from Los Angeles to Lafayette when he heard of the speeds and service offered by LUS Fiber.”
Olivier says the same 100 Mbps connectivity that costs him $200 per month in Lafayette, enabling him to
move large files across the Web, would cost him several thousand dollars a month anywhere else. In the
past few months, Lafayette attracted three new employers that will bring 1,300 jobs into the city.

Martinsville, Virginia
Martinsville’s fiber network enabled it to attract major businesses, such as defense contractor SPARTA
Inc.’s research center, Mehler Texnologies, American Distribution and Warehousing and ICF International
(500+ jobs).

Mesa, Arizona
In the early 2000s, Mesa started placing conduit in its rights-of-way during capital construction projects and
any other time a road was open. The city built a critical mass of conduit and fiber over a decade and a half,
and it partners actively with private entities seeking access to conduit and fiber. Apple located a silicon
research lab in Mesa, and the city credits the direct fiber connection to that facility as a significant part of
the inducement for Apple and other entities to locate in Mesa.

Montgomery County, Maryland

In the mid-1990s, Montgomery County developed a sophisticated revitalization plan for downtown Silver
Spring, which had seen steady economic deterioration and high retail and office vacancy rates. Important
to the revitalization was attracting Discovery Communications and the American Film Institute (AFI) to
locate as anchors; a key to attracting those anchors was that the county provided dark fiber resources to
the locations where they committed to build. This revitalization has been enormously successful, and

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Discovery and the AFI Silver Theatre and Cultural Center have proved essential to the redevelopment of
Silver Spring.

Powell, Wyoming
In anticipation of the construction of a fiber-to-the-home system in rural Powell, a South Korean venture
capital firm agreed to pay up to $5.5 million to engage 150 certified teachers, working from their homes, to
teach English to students in South Korea using high-speed videoconferencing. The FTTH system has been
so successful that the city was able to buy out its investors 18 years ahead of schedule.

Princeton, Illinois
Princeton built a fiber network to retain Ingersoll-Rand as a major local employer; it now has more than 75
commercial customers, and most banks in town are connected with fiber. The broadband utility is regarded
as attractive for potential employers.

Pulaski, Tennessee
Local economic development leadership has begun marketing Pulaski Electric System’s services to nearby
Huntsville, Ala., home to a large number of defense and space industries. Before PES built its network, the
community had never attempted to approach the defense or aerospace companies because it had little to
offer that met their special needs. The FTTH network has allowed several existing industries to receive
superior service at much lower prices than they paid previously. The system has become a focus of
community pride and an example of the community’s willingness to invest in the future.

San Leandro, California

San Leandro, located in the San Francisco Bay area, competes with such tech giants as Silicon Valley for
local businesses. In 2012, with the goal of attracting modern, technology-based industries to San Leandro,
the city established a partnership with a local business owner to create an ultra-high speed fiber broadband
network.

The network, Lit San Leandro, is largely privately funded but utilizes the city’s conduits to run the
underground fiber network. After only two years, Lit San Leandro is already attracting businesses to the
area. For example, a 3D printing firm moved from San Francisco to a factory in San Leandro after
considering more than 50 other locations. Similarly, a Kaiser hospital was built on the site of a former
grocery distribution center, and the Westlake/OSIsoft Technology Complex, which includes three six-story,
300,000-square-foot tech offices, located in a former Del Monte cannery.

Santa Monica, California

Santa Monica’s Information Systems Department mapped out a plan for the creation and expansion of its
broadband network in 1998. Since then, the city has been slowly and methodically implementing its plan,
saving city government $700,000 a year in communications costs as well as making advanced
communications capabilities available to private entities. In 2014, the city upgraded its fiber optic network
speed to 100 Gbps. According to the city’s chief information officer, Jory Wolf, the network has already
contributed significantly to the city’s economic growth, and he expects the business sector to leverage the
upgraded network for service models, content distribution and telemedicine initiatives.

South Bend, Indiana

In the early 2000s, South Bend began researching how to improve its telecommunications networks. South
Bend had fiber networks in place, but it was not in a position to develop and operate the networks itself.
Because no existing providers were interested in establishing vendor-neutral fiber services through the
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city’s infrastructure, South Bend worked with local partners to establish Metronet, a nonprofit dark fiber
network that serves government, educational and other nonprofit entities. Its for-profit subsidiary, St. Joe
Valley Metronet (SJVM), provides fiber access to banks, manufacturers and other businesses. The profits
from SJVM are paid to Metronet through dividends and help subsidize Metronet’s continued operations and
expansion. SJVM has helped draw technology businesses to South Bend, from the GramTel data center in
2009 to the 2013 launch of a new coworking and meeting/conference space in the downtown area.

Palo Alto, California

The municipal electric utility has installed more than 40 miles of fiber optic cables, which it makes available
to business and industrial customers, and is supplementing this coverage with publicly available, amenity
grade WiFi access (i.e. intended to meet occasional, on-the-spot needs of tourists and shoppers, for
example, rather than daily household, business or educational needs). No residential service is offered.

Watsonville, California
Since the end of local cable television franchising in California, cable companies have begun charging cities
for the use of institutional networks – INETs – originally provided at little or no cost. Charter Communications
initially wanted to charge the City of Watsonville $150,000 a year for the use of its INET, which connected
critical city facilities. Because the city had a policy of routinely keeping an inventory of conduit and other
network assets that had been installed on a prospective basis as well as for specific projects over the year,
it was able to use conduit routes it already owned to duplicate all but a few segments, totaling a mile, of the
INET system. The remaining gaps were connected via conduit installed by the city for less than the cost of
two years of service from Charter.

Fiber optic Deployment and Service in Other California Cities

As part of the development of this Master Plan, six California cities commercial fiber optic communication
networks were selected to be surveyed as comparable cities to Modesto. Desired characteristics of
surveyed cities were populations between 200,000 and 300,000 people, communication networks that have
been operating for at least one year, and communication operations including a private sector or
commercial client service component. The City performed surveys with representatives from Palo Alto and
San Leandro. Four additional cities (selected with the City) were surveyed by Third Wave: Santa Monica,
Santa Clarita, Glendale, and Pasadena.

While performing the survey, Modesto was found to be a unique city in terms of size, services, and typical
industries. No other city of Modesto’s size was found that had installed a communication network of this
magnitude. All six surveyed cities had smaller populations, and only one had a larger area (Santa Clarita).
A summary of survey results are provided in Table IX.1. Services offered by cities included dark fiber
leasing, commercial fiber leasing (lit fiber), ISP services, and providing fiber for home use.

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Table IX.1 – Phased Implementation Cost Breakdown
Approx. Length of
Area Commercial Implementation (fiber Length of
City Population (sq.mi.) Service offered install) Operation Funding Owner Operator
Modesto 201,165 36 - - - - - -

Palo Alto 66,642 26 Commercial fiber 3 years 20 years Electric Utility Palo Alto Palo Alto
leasing Reserve
San 87,700 16 10G Commercial 2 years 3 years Private funding Private Private 3rd
Leandro fiber leasing with City Match 3rd Party Party
Santa 89,736 8 10G ISP Ongoing for 10 years 13 years General Funds Santa Santa
Monica Monica Monica
Santa 176,320 53 Lease dark fiber to Ongoing for 11 years 4 years Federal Grants, Santa Wilcon
Clarita Wilcon Metro Clarita
Glendale 191,719 30 Commercial fiber 2 years 12 years Unknown Glendale Glendale
leasing Water & Water &
Power Power
Pasadena 137,122 23 Commercial fiber 18 months 17 years General Fund Pasadena Pasadena
leasing Loan w/ payback
from revenue

Governance and Service Models

Summary of Options
As mentioned previously in Section VI, the current plan for the City’s planned network involves the City
building out and owning the primary fiber ring network and data hubs. With this foundation, there are several
options available to the City for the governance of the network and providing services to commercial clients.
These include working with commercial clients directly to provide connections and network services, or
collaborating with one or more outside third parties to connect to and service commercial clients, as well as
to operate and maintain the network.

· “Last Mile” Connection – The construction of connection between a commercial client and the City
network would need to be coordinated with the City. The City could have a pre-qualified bench of
contractors to do this work, and handle the contract and coordination with the client directly. Another
option would be for the City to work with an outside third party to assist the commercial client in
building and maintaining this connection.
· Services
o Dark Fiber leasing – under this option, the City only charges for access by others to their
dark fibers with the responsibility for fiber connections, internet access and network end
equipment placed on the lessee. This option has the lowest risk to the City, but also
provides less revenue that other options. Some fee structure considerations include:
§ Length of license term
§ Number of strands per license
§ License fee (monthly or annual)
§ Fee escalation terms
§ One-time fees (connection fees, application fee, termination fee)

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An example of fee structure from the ConnectArlington service is available at the following
URL:
https://arlingtonva.s3.dualstack.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/wp-
content/uploads/sites/6/2015/10/ConnectArlington-Schedule-of-Rates-and-Fees.pdf .

The costs shown at this link may not be applicable to the City of Modesto’s purposes.

o Commercial fiber leasing – under this option, the City generally provides managed fiber
optic network connections to commercial clients from the commercial client facility and the
internet access point. Depending on arrangements with the individual commercial client,
internet service may or may not be provided by the City. The management of the City-wide
network would fall upon the City or perhaps a public-private partnership. The City would be
able to charge higher service fees for this option, but may also have higher maintenance
costs since they would be responsible for network service levels.
o Internet Service Provider – Under this option, the City of Modesto or a public-private
partnership would be an Internet Service Provider (ISP) similar to AT&T, Comcast, and
others. Options include servicing either the Business Market, the residential/ home market
or both. This option could allow for the highest service fees, but also has the highest
maintenance costs (particularly customer service).

Recommended Model
Considering the level of risk and the lack of City experience in providing high-speed fiber optic network
connections, it is recommended that the City initially focus on Dark Fiber leasing or Commercial Fiber
Leasing. Partnering with a private-sector service provider may advantageous to the City by bringing in
technical resources and reducing level of risk.

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X. CONSTRUCTION AND IMPLEMENTATION
Implementation
This final section focuses on the necessary steps for preparing construction documents for implementing the Citywide Fiber optic network, including
design documents, PS&E, and procurement requirements. The implementation schedule for the Pilot Project and Phase 1 is shown in Figure X.1
and the implementation and durations are roughly estimated in the Table X.1.

Figure X.1 – Pilot Project and Phase 1 Implementation Schedule

1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year

Phase 1 (Citywide Trunk Ring) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44
Pilot - City Hall to Fire Station #6 (NW Modesto)
- Prepare Design and Construction Documents
- Procure and Test Fiber-Optic Cable
- Qualify Contractor
- Project Bid/ Select Contractor
- Construction
- Construction closeout
Trunk Ring
- Prepare Design and Construction Documents
- Procure and Test Fiber-Optic Cable
- Project Bid/ Select Contractor
- Construction
- Construction closeout

Table X.1 – Phase 1A through 2 Implementation Durations

Stage Duration (months)
Phase 1A - 2 7 - 12
- Prepare Design and Construction Documents 2-3
- Procure and Test Fiber optic Cable (concurrent 12-15
with design/construction document preparation)
- Project Bid/ Select Contractor (concurrent with 2-3
fiber optic cable procurement)
- Construction 2-4
- Construction closeout 1-2

Fiber optic Cable Requirements

The fiber optic cable used for this project needs to meet industry standard, including the testing process.
Implementation considerations for procurement and installation should include other requirements such as
design, permitting, and planning that need to coordinated prior to construction. It is recommended that fiber
optic cable should meet the requirements as stated in the NECA/FOA 301-2009 standard handbook or
another equivalent standard. Section 5 of these standards specifically details the standards that the cable
should meet to ensure good quality and performance.

Two example cable manufacturers used in recent fiber optic cable projects in Northern California are
Corning and Commscope. Table X.2 shows some examples of potential 432-strand fiber optic cable that
may be used for this project. Cut sheets for these cables can be found in the Appendix.

Table X.2 – Examples of Potential Fiber optic Cables

Installation
Company Strand Glass Type Type Armored Name Product Code
Commscope 432 TeraSPEED Trench Non- High Fiber Count Single Jacket All Dielectric Outdoor O-432-LN-8W-F24NS
Armored Cable Arid Core Construction Stranded Loose Tube
Commscope 432 TeraSPEED Aerial Armored Single Jacket/Single Armor, High Fiber Count, Gel-Filled, O-432-LA-8W-F24NS
Outdoor Stranded Loose Tube Cable
Corning 432 ALTOS Aerial Armored ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Filled, Single-Jacket, 432EUC-T4100A20
Single-Armored Cable, 432 F, Single-mode (OS2)
Corning 432 ALTOS Trench Non- ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Filled Cable, 432 F, Single- 432EU4-T4100A20
Armored mode (OS2)

Fiber optic Cable Supplier Qualifications

Once the fiber optic cable requirements have been finalized above, the City will need to send out an RFP
to obtain quotes from various fiber optic cable vendors and suppliers. Cities and Contractors typically work
with local or near-local, established firms that have good reputations. Traditional requirements for finding
reputable firms include the following:

- Established local office and been in business for set period of time (typically 5-10 year min)
- Recently successfully supplied a comparable project (45+ miles of fiber)
- Offer warranty for their product (3 year min)

Examples of qualified suppliers and vendors are Anixter and JAM Services. After receiving proposals from
qualified firms, the City can select a firm, order the fiber, test it, and have it delivered to the site where the
installation contractor will install the fiber in the correct location.

An alternative procurement method is buy fiber direct from overseas factories. With this option, instead of
sending out an RFP, the City would need to find and vet an overseas factory. The supplier would need to
provide the City with documentation of their fiber optic cable, show proof of factory testing before shipping,
and provide a warranty for their product.
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Fiber optic Cable Delivery, Testing and Storage
Once a fiber optic cable supplier has been selected, the City arranges for its delivery to the City. The fiber
should be stored in a secure location per manufacturer suggestions, possibly at a warehouse or somewhere
in City Hall or another City facility. The fiber optic cable should be tested should be in conformance to
Section 7 of the NECA/FOA 301-2009 at the following milestones to ensure that the fiber optic cable
remains undamaged prior to installation: at the factory and upon delivery to City. If any damage is
discovered, the entire fiber optic cable reel should be replaced under warranty at no cost to the City. Further
testing milestone during construction/ installation include: at delivery to job site, after installation (before
splicing), and final end-to-end test.

Installation Plans and Specifications

Construction documents (PS&E) need to be prepared for installation of the City-furnished fiber optic cable
on to existing poles, existing conduits, and new conduits, as well as construction of pull boxes, attachment
details, data centers, field cabinets, and end communications equipment. Installation requirements should
meet the standards set in Section 4 of the NECA/FOA 301-2009 and other City standards. Field
investigation of project limits to verify existing conditions and capacity (e.g., conduits, poles, messenger
wire, building room, etc.) needs to be conducted. Construction also includes coordinating with other
agencies for encroachment and use of their land and poles, including provide any required calculations or
other documents.

Contractor Qualifications
The City intends to prepare pre-qualify a bench of qualified fiber optic contractors to install the various
phase of the fiber optic network. The City will use its previous experience of working with Contractors to
install ATMS (traffic) fiber optic cable throughout the City to develop verifiable qualifications. These may
include experience installing fiber optic cable on similar projects, staff qualifications, and references. The
City ATMS projects required a minimum of two years of similar construction experience. Once a qualified
bench of contractors has been established, the City will prepare a mini-RFP for distribution to the bench
and select a contractor based on low-bid process.

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APPENDICES
A. Glossary of Terms
B. Opportunity Stanislaus Survey Results (November 2016)
C. Cost Estimate – by Phase
D. Research Fiber Implemented Strategies Report (March 17, 2017)
E. Fiber optic Cable Cut Sheets
F. Referenced Sections of NECA/FOA 301-2009

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Appendix A
Glossary of Terms

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Branch cable – Fiber-optic cable used as the secondary fiber segment that connects to the trunk cable,
usually has fewer fiber strands than a trunk cable.

Colocation – A service provided by an ISP (defined below) that offers offsite data storage and backup.

Commercial Client – For the purposes of this report, a business owner interested in connecting to the
Fiber Network.

Conduit – A pipe often buried underground with fiber-optic cable running through it.

Dark fiber – Fiber-optic cable that is currently unused and put in place for future use. Dark fiber may not
terminate at any given destination.

GBIC – Gigabit Interface Converter, a transceiver that converts optical signals to electric currents, and
vice versa.

Gbps – Gigabits per second (equivalent to 1,000 Megabits per second), general unit describing rate of
data transfer.

H2H – Hub to Hub; for the purposes of this report; H2H describes direct connection via trunk fiber
between any two hubs.

HDPE – High-density polyethylene, a plastic material used for conduit.

ISP – Internet Service Provider (e.g., AT&T, Comcast, Wave, CVIN, etc.).

IXP – Internet Exchange Point, a telecommunications service company that allows for multiple ISP’s to
provide internet to clients. Generally, provides internet node connection.

Last Mile – The communications segment from a City facility or Commercial Client to the Primary Fiber
Trunk Ring, which allows access to the Fiber Network.

Mbps – Megabits per second, general unit describing rate of data transfer.

MID – Modesto Irrigation District, owner of most of the utility poles to be used with overlash aerial.

MPOE – Main Point of Entry, location of utility and telecommunications access to a building.

NECA/FOA 301 – Standard for installation and testing of fiber-optic cables prepared by the National
Electrical Contractors Association and the Fiber Optic Association.

Overlash – Fiber-optic cable hung on utility poles with previously existing cables.

PVC – Polyvinyl chloride, a plastic material used for conduit.

Solo aerial – Fiber-optic cable hung alone on utility poles.

Splice – A connection point between two individual fiber strands, where the glass strands are fused
together (also known as fusion splice).

Trunk cable – Fiber-optic cable used as the primary fiber segment, usually has more fiber strands than a
branch cable.
Appendix B
Opportunity Stanislaus Survey Results
(November 2016)

Working with Opportunity Stanislaus, we surveyed 181 local businesses with a 16-21%
Response rate depending on the question. Counting the 35 respondents that believed fiber
could lead to new jobs, over 700 potential jobs could be potentially created. 80% of
respondents said fiber would allow them to stay competitive and 45% said it would allow them to
stay in Modesto. Over 25 businesses said they would be interested in getting higher speeds and
possibly supporting the City in a grant application process. Respondents were asked:
Cross tab of what speeds respondents currently have vs. what speeds they said they want.
Appendix C
Cost Estimate – by Phase

Design Administration
Phase - Description Construction (10%) (15%)
1 – Primary Fiber Trunk Ring and IXP $ 4,925,000
$ 492,500 $ 738,750
Connection
1A – Downtown Police Department $ 660,000
$ 66,000 $ 99,000
Spur/Yosemite Spur
2A – Hospital Ring (Kaiser/Kiernan) $ 1,190,000 $ 119,000 $ 178,500
2B – McHenry Spur $ 400,000 $ 40,000 $ 60,000
2C – Crows Landing Spur $ 445,000 $ 44,500 $ 66,750
2D – Southeast City Spur (Claus/Briggsmore) $ 415,000 $ 41,500 $ 62,250
2E – Scenic Spur $ 225,000 $ 22,500 $ 33,750
2F – Sutter Spur $ 395,000 $ 39,500 $ 59,250
Total $ 8,675,000 $ 867,500 $ 1,301,250

Conceptual Network Costs

March 21, 2017
By: ZJM
Checked: EKC
Pilot Project - Northwest To Vintage Faire
Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price
1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS $ 137,480 1 $ 137,480
2 432-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Furnish) LF $ 8 32,430 $ 259,440
3 Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Overlash Aerial Installation) LF $ 5 20,355 $ 101,775
4 Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Conduit Installation) LF $ 6 12,075 $ 72,450
5 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA $ 65 100 $ 6,500
6 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA $ 100 864 $ 86,400
7 F+I Termination Panels EA $ 3,000 2 $ 6,000
8 F+I Hub Switch - City Network - 2x10G Links EA $ 50,000 2 $ 100,000
9 F+I Hub Switch - Commercial Client Network - 2x10G Links EA $ 50,000 2 $ 100,000
10 F+I GBIC (10G) - City Network EA $ 5,000 4 $ 20,000
11 F+I GBIC (10G) - Commercial Client Network EA $ 5,000 4 $ 20,000
12 48-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - IXP Connection (Furnish) LF $ 4 1,900 $ 7,600
13 IXP Connection (Solo Aerial Installation) LF $ 5 810 $ 4,050
14 IXP Connection (Conduit Installation) LF $ 6 810 $ 4,860
15 MID Pole Rent - IXP Connection (annual, 1st year) EA $ 65 12 $ 780
16 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC by Trenching - IXP Connection LF $ 70 810 $ 56,700
17 F+I Switch - IXP Connection - 2x10G Links EA $ 50,000 1 $ 50,000
18 F+I GBIC (10G) - IXP Connection EA $ 5,000 4 $ 20,000
Subtotal $ 1,054,035
Contingency (20%) $ 210,807
CONSTRUCTION TOTAL $ 1,264,842
BUDGET $ 1,265,000

The Engineer has no control over the cost of labor, materials, equipment, or over the Contractor's methods of determining prices or over competitive bidding or market conditions. Opinions of
probable costs provided herein are based on the information known.
LinkModesto Phase II Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan

Conceptual Network Costs

March 15, 2017
By: ZJM
Checked: EKC
Phase 1 - Primary Fiber Trunk Ring and IXP Connection
Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price
1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS $ 535,250 1 $ 535,250
2 432-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Furnish) LF $ 8 125,465 $ 1,003,720
3 Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Solo Aerial Installation) LF $ 5 46,575 $ 232,875
4 Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Overlash Aerial Installation) LF $ 5 63,825 $ 319,125
5 Primary Fiber Trunk Ring (Conduit Installation) LF $ 6 15,065 $ 90,390
6 48-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Hub to Building Connection (Furnish) LF $ 4 19,895 $ 79,580
7 Hub to Building Connection (Solo Aerial Installation) LF $ 5 14,950 $ 74,750
8 Hub to Building Connection (Conduit Installation) LF $ 6 4,945 $ 29,670
9 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA $ 65 660 $ 42,900
10 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC by Trenching LF $ 70 7,935 $ 555,450
11 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA $ 100 2,976 $ 297,600
12 Fiber Splice Cabinets EA $ 10,000 3 $ 30,000
13 F+I Termination Panels EA $ 3,000 14 $ 42,000
14 F+I Hub Switch - City Network - 2x10G Links EA $ 50,000 3 $ 150,000
15 F+I Hub Switch - Commercial Client Network - 2x10G Links EA $ 50,000 3 $ 150,000
16 F+I Building Switch (NW Command, County/911) - 2x10G EA $ 25,000 2 $ 50,000
17 F+I GBIC (10G) - City Network EA $ 5,000 28 $ 140,000
18 F+I GBIC (10G) - Commercial Client Network EA $ 5,000 12 $ 60,000
19 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - IXP Connection (Furnish) LF $ 4 1,900 $ 7,600
20 IXP Connection (Conduit Installation) LF $ 6 1,610 $ 9,660
21 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC by Trenching - IXP Connection LF $ 70 1,900 $ 133,000
22 F+I Switch - IXP Connection - 2x10G Links EA $ 50,000 1 $ 50,000
23 F+I GBIC (10G) - IXP Connection EA $ 5,000 4 $ 20,000
Subtotal $ 4,103,570
Contingency (20%) $ 820,714
CONSTRUCTION TOTAL $ 4,924,284
BUDGET $ 4,925,000
Phase 1A - Police Department Spur and Yosemite Spur
Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price
1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS $ 71,360 1 $ 71,360
2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Yosemite Spur (Furnish) LF $ 4 12,650 $ 50,600
3 Yosemite Spur (Solo Aerial Installation) LF $ 5 12,650 $ 63,250
4 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Police Department Spur (Furnish) LF $ 4 2,760 $ 11,040
5 Police Department Spur (Conduit Installation) LF $ 6 2,760 $ 16,560
6 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA $ 65 60 $ 3,900
7 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC by Trenching LF $ 70 2,760 $ 193,200
8 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA $ 100 1,152 $ 115,200
9 Fiber Splice Cabinets EA $ 10,000 1 $ 10,000
10 F+I Termination Panels EA $ 3,000 4 $ 12,000
Subtotal $ 547,110
Contingency (20%) $ 109,422
CONSTRUCTION TOTAL $ 656,532
BUDGET $ 660,000
Phase 2A - Hospital Ring (Kaiser/Kiernan)
Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price
1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS $ 129,250 1 $ 129,250
2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Kaiser/Kiernan Spur (Furnish) LF $ 4 28,980 $ 115,920
3 Kaiser/Kiernan Spur (Solo Aerial Installation) LF $ 5 21,505 $ 107,525
4 Kaiser/Kiernan Spur (Conduit Installation) LF $ 6 7,475 $ 44,850
5 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA $ 65 100 $ 6,500
6 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC by Trenching LF $ 70 7,475 $ 523,250
7 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA $ 100 576 $ 57,600
8 F+I Termination Panels EA $ 3,000 2 $ 6,000
Subtotal $ 990,895
Contingency (20%) $ 198,179
CONSTRUCTION TOTAL $ 1,189,074
BUDGET $ 1,190,000
LinkModesto Phase II Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan

Conceptual Network Costs

March 15, 2017
By: ZJM
Checked: EKC
Phase 2B - McHenry Spur
Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price
1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS $ 43,220 1 $ 43,220
2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - McHenry Spur (Furnish) LF $ 4 24,150 $ 96,600
3 McHenry Spur (Solo Aerial Installation) LF $ 5 24,150 $ 120,750
4 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA $ 65 110 $ 7,150
5 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA $ 100 576 $ 57,600
6 F+I Termination Panels EA $ 3,000 2 $ 6,000
Subtotal $ 331,320
Contingency (20%) $ 66,264
CONSTRUCTION TOTAL $ 397,584
BUDGET $ 400,000
Phase 2C - Crows Landing Spur
Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price
1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS $ 48,210 1 $ 48,210
2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Crows Landing Spur (Furnish) LF $ 4 16,560 $ 66,240
3 Crows Landing Spur (Solo Aerial Installation) LF $ 5 15,870 $ 79,350
4 Crows Landing Spur (Conduit Installation) LF $ 6 690 $ 4,140
5 Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA $ 65 70 $ 4,550
6 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC on River Bridge Overpass LF $ 150 690 $ 103,500
7 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA $ 100 576 $ 57,600
8 F+I Termination Panels EA $ 3,000 2 $ 6,000
Subtotal $ 369,590
Contingency (20%) $ 73,918
CONSTRUCTION TOTAL $ 443,508
BUDGET $ 445,000
Phase 2D - Southeast City Spur (Claus/Briggsmore)
Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price
1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS $ 44,870 1 $ 44,870
2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Southeast City Spur (Furnish) LF $ 4 25,300 $ 101,200
3 Southeast City Spur (Solo Aerial Installation) LF $ 5 25,300 $ 126,500
4 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA $ 65 120 $ 7,800
5 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA $ 100 576 $ 57,600
6 F+I Termination Panels EA $ 3,000 2 $ 6,000
Subtotal $ 343,970
Contingency (20%) $ 68,794
CONSTRUCTION TOTAL $ 412,764
BUDGET $ 415,000
Phase 2E - Scenic Spur
Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price
1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS $ 24,000 1 $ 24,000
2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Scenic Spur (Furnish) LF $ 4 10,350 $ 41,400
3 Scenic Spur (Overlash Aerial Installation) LF $ 5 10,350 $ 51,750
4 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA $ 65 50 $ 3,250
5 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA $ 100 576 $ 57,600
6 F+I Termination Panels EA $ 3,000 2 $ 6,000
Subtotal $ 184,000
Contingency (20%) $ 36,800
CONSTRUCTION TOTAL $ 220,800
BUDGET $ 225,000
LinkModesto Phase II Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan

Conceptual Network Costs

March 15, 2017
By: ZJM
Checked: EKC
Phase 2F - Sutter Spur
Item Description Unit Unit Price Quantity Extended Price
1 Other Project Costs (Mobilization, Traffic Control) LS $ 42,830 1 $ 42,830
2 288-Strand Fiber Optic Cable - Sutter Spur (Furnish) LF $ 4 12,995 $ 51,980
3 Sutter Spur (Solo Aerial Installation) LF $ 5 11,960 $ 59,800
4 Sutter Spur (Conduit Installation) LF $ 6 1,035 $ 6,210
5 MID Pole Rent (annual, 1st year) EA $ 65 60 $ 3,900
6 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC by Trenching LF $ 70 690 $ 48,300
7 F+I Conduit 4" - PVC on Bridge Overpass LF $ 150 345 $ 51,750
8 F+I Fiber Splices and Termination EA $ 100 576 $ 57,600
9 F+I Termination Panels EA $ 3,000 2 $ 6,000
Subtotal $ 328,370
Contingency (20%) $ 65,674
CONSTRUCTION TOTAL $ 394,044
BUDGET $ 395,000

The Engineer has no control over the cost of labor, materials, equipment, or over the Contractor's methods of determining prices or over competitive bidding or market conditions. Opinions of
probable costs provided herein are based on the information known.
Appendix D
Research Fiber Implemented Strategies Report
(dated March 17, 2017)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
City of Modesto - LINKModesto
Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan
May 2017 | FINAL
Research Fiber Implemented Strategies
March 17, 2017

Kimley-Horn
1300 Clay Street, Suite 325
Oakland, CA 94612
Direct: 510-350-0215
Mobile: 510-735-1387
www.kimley-horn.com
March 17, 2017

Elbert Chang, PE, TE

Kimley-Horn
ThirdWave 1300 Clay Street, Suite 325
Oakland, CA 94612
Direct: 510-350-0215
Mobile: 510-735-1387
www.kimley-horn.com

Subject: Fiber Optic Master Plan Research & Implemented Strategies

Reference: ThirdWave Task: Task 2.7.1: Research Fiber Implemented Strategies

Dear Elbert,

Attached please find the final report for the City of Modesto benchmarking/research task.
It has been our pleasure to work with you and the City on this task. Please do not hesitate to
let me know if you have any questions.

Sincerely,

Jerine Rosato
Manager, PMO
[email protected]

30
YEARS
Thought
Leadership,
Exceptional
Performance &
Results since
1987

ThirdWave Corporation Information Systems Intelligently Applied SM since 1987

1140 0 W. O lym pi c Bl vd . S uit e 2 00 Los Ang el es C A 9 0064 3 10. 914 .01 86 V 31 0 .312 .95 13 F
City of Modesto: Fiber Optic Master Plan Research & Implemented Strategies
Kimley-Horn March 17, 2017

Table of Contents
Fiber Optic Master Plan Research & Implemented Strategies

Cover Letter

Section 1: Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Introduction to Comparable City Benchmarking .................................................... 1
Figure 1.1: Cites and Points of Contact ................................................................ 2

Section 2: Research Findings ............................................................................................................ 3

2.1 Comparable Fiber Optic City Projects .................................................................... 3
Figure 2.1: City of Modesto Demographics .......................................................... 3
Figure 2.2: City of Santa Monica........................................................................... 4
Figure 2.3: City of Santa Clarita ............................................................................ 7
Figure 2.4: City of Glendale ................................................................................ 10
Figure 2.5: City of Pasadena .............................................................................. 12

Section 3: Appendix.......................................................................................................................... 15

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Section 1
Methodology

1.1 Introduction to Comparable City Benchmarking

ThirdWave Corporation, in conjunction with Kimley-Horn,
worked with staff of the City of Modesto to determine four cities
to contact and garner information as to how they began and
operate their fiber network for commercial services. The
research consisted of:

• Creating a list of potential cities in California that met the

City’s criteria:
o Population of approximately 200,000 – 300,000
o In operations for at least one-year
o Operations has a private sector/business service component
• The final list of cities was chosen by Modesto for research.
• Modesto provided the areas of interest for the research.
• Each city was contacted to schedule a time to speak.
• Interviews were conducted.
• All information was synthesized into a table for Modesto’s use.
• In February 2017, the City requested follow up information to two of the original questions,
and added one new.
• Each target city was contacted and new information was added to the report.

The following pages provides the data collected in the benchmarking process.

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City of Modesto: Fiber Optic Master Plan Research & Implemented Strategies
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Figure 1.1: Cites and Points of Contact

City Contact person Phone / Email

Santa Monica Gary Carter 310.434.2612

Community Broadband Manager [email protected]
Santa Monica City Net
Dark Fiber Leasing and Lit Fiber
Services
Santa Clarita Benny Ives; 661.286.4070
Technology Services Manager [email protected]

Glendale Craig Kuennen; Business 818.548.3369

Transformation & Marketing
Administrator

Pasadena Lori Sandoval; Telecom & 626.744.4710

Regulatory Administrator [email protected]

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Section 2
Research Findings

2.1 Comparable Fiber Optic City Projects

The figure below provides the demographic data for each of the cities researched. The data
reflects population figures from the 2010 Census.

Figure 2.1: City of Modesto Demographics

Modesto

Demographics • Population – 201,165

• Land Area – 36.867 sq. mi.
• Water area – 0.225 sq. mi.
• Form of government – City Council/City Manager
• Rank in CA – 48
• Incorporated – 8/6/1884
• Population change 2010 – + 6.5%
• Estimated population change estimate 2015 – + 5.0%

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Figure 2.2: City of Santa Monica

1. Santa Monica
Demographics • Population – 89,736
• Land Area – 8.41 sq. mi.
• Water area – 0.001 sq. mi.
• Form of government – City Council/City Manager
• Rank in CA – 80
• Incorporated – 11/30/1886
• Population change 2010 – + 6.7%
• Estimated population change estimate 2015 – + 3.9%

Implementation • 2000 – 2002 - constructed Institutional Network (INet),

Timeline connecting city government, schools, and colleges. Restricted
to City operations, as it was built on leased infrastructure and
not owned by the City.
• 2003 – telecommunications savings rolled over to CIP project
for Municipal Network – City does Phase 1 of its own fiber.
• 2006 - City begins leasing dark fiber to community
stakeholders.
• 2010 to present – City continues growing the network.
o Network began with 10 gigabit per second lit fiber services
and upgrades to 100 gigabits per second.
o SMCITYNET becomes an entity.

Strategy of • Researched utilities within the City for a model.

implementation • Patchwork network over 10 years.
(phases, all at once,
• Used for economic development.
who received first,
second, etc.) • Continue growth and provide fiber for home use.

Issues encountered • Applied for a grant through the National Telecommunications

(funding, and Information Administration (NTIA), however it was not
construction, awarded.
regulations, legal,
etc.)

How long has it been • 13 years.

operational, how well • Began seeing small successes within the first year and
is it working now, continued to grow.
and how long did it
take to be a success/
disappointment

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Funding strategy – • Because the project was successful, the City began to see
grants, taxes, etc. how a profit could be made.
• SMCITYNET became an enterprise fund in 2016 and is part
of the City’s General fund.

Governance – Who • The City owns and operates the network.

owns and operates

Pricing and • Utilize as a tool for Economic Development (ED). Built in a

Marketing strategies little buffer for growth.
- How were they • The City conducted studies, workgroups, and community
agreed upon meetings to garner information for need.
• Utilized a cost recovery model for pricing.

Follow-up - What did • Most marketing was by the manager versus ED.
the City do to • Budget for marketing and administrative indirect cost were
publicize service and approximately $250,000 a year.
attract
o Included items such as marketing and communications,
customers? (e.g.
outreach to business community promotions, giveaways and booths at public forums.
groups, flyers by Also, covered consultants, designers, print services, consultant
community time, staff time, community group meeting marketing time,
economic Chamber of Commerce socials, get-together breakfasts with
development, etc.) tech community, and outreach sources.

Implementation • Started with $18,000 for the first year’s funding, to lease fiber
Budget from private entities.
• Savings shown from the leasing, so used savings to
implement.
• Implementation was built on existing infrastructure.

Operations Budget • Presently the budget is approximately $1.5M annually.

• The organization generates approximately $2M annually.

Follow up: Additional • $800,000 annually for operating expensive.

details ($$ and/or • $300,000 capital expenditures.
FTE) regarding
• $400,000 administrative indirect costs about (office space,
recurring
maintenance and electrical, finance and HR support).
staffing costs • $250,000 marketing and administrative indirect costs related to
promotion.
• For staffing, there is blend of FTEs from across the City in
support. 4 FTE is the total; however, they are broken into
several staff to total 4. They include:

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o Analyst - working as Marketing Coordinator;

o Civil Engineer for plans, permits, and construction;
o Analysts for accounts payable, acquisitions, and contracts
administration;
o Network Engineer; and
o Manager of division.
o Other divisional resources brought in to help manage the
network from other IT divisions. These included: 2 other
network resources totaling 30% FTE, another 25% FTE of
a Principle Analyst, who served as budget analyst and
helped with procurement, and an Asset Manager for
broadband bidding and equipment specification at 25%
FTE.

Other initiatives • As revenue grew it funded many other programs or initiatives.

funded through • Major player at first for economic development.
revenues collected –
• As business use increased, more revenue was generated for
any economic
development SMCITYNET.

Managing • Much excitement was generated for and by Council.

expectations of • Extensive communication from City executive management to
Council/Elected Council members to keep them abreast.
officials
• Council saw it as a silver bullet for Economic Development.
• Provided Council a plan showing when a break even and
profit could be made and they supported the program.
• The more businesses came on board, the more support
Council provided.

Lessons learned/Any • With the increase and availability of services:

surprises o Property vacancy rates went from 30% to 0%.
o Companies began buying out each other’s leases to gain
more space.
• Build the program incrementally and in small steps.
• Build only what can be accomplished to be successful.
Additional question: • Sales Force is utilized to track the progress of the entire process.
What was the • Customer shows interest and asks for a proposal from the City.
process for a new
• An Analyst from Marketing will build a proposal.
customer to connect
to network and • Sometimes requests will come from business leads and move to
obtain hot leads.
service? What is the • Potential customers get information on flat rates for tiered
customer cost for services. The customer is told about onetime costs for
service (connection construction and entry to building. A proposal for 2-years with
cost, monthly rate)? ongoing monthly costs is generated.
• Then Analyst turns leads over to the financial force system.

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• Once contract is signed, The City hires a company to do

construction to connect the building. The City only does field work
and no in building work.
• Once construction is completed the customer is on boarded and
reimburses the City in full for all construction costs per contract
agreement.
• Construction process is between 30 to 90 days, but not to exceed
90 days and construction is not to exceed 13-15% contingency.
• The customer is given access to their portal, training, customer
account login information, and email accounts.
• Then, the customer is activated and certifies the network is ready
for use. Once customer testing is complete, the onboarding is
completed. This process can happen in a day, but typically takes
2-3 days.
• Non-recurring construction costs vary. They also broker IP as
well. They will offer 1 of 4 IP’s during the onboarding process.
• Santa Monica owns and operates the network. They verify the 3rd
party IP provider delivers all services as agreed to in the brokering
process.

Additional information
• The City (SMCITYNET) didn’t look at the venture just as a profit-making venture. It
was about developing a community, providing Universal Access to all, growing the
education, health and safety of a community. The City believes it is about providing
for the common good and growing business and providing more jobs.
• The City (SMCITYNET) continues to research other utilities, to see what they do right
and what needs improving.
• The City (SMCITYNET) received many accolades and acknowledgements on the
program from international organizations, Federal, and State governments.

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Figure 2.3: City of Santa Clarita

2. Santa Clarita

Demographics • Population – 176,320

• Land Area – 52.72 sq. mi.
• Water area – 0.06 sq. mi.
• Form of government – City council/City Manager
• Rank in CA – 24
• Incorporated – 12/15/1987
• Population change 2010 – + 16.7%
• Estimated population change estimate 2015 – + 3.4%

Implementation • Fiber began in the City Traffic Engineering Division when the City
Timeline received federal grants for the implementation of Intelligent
Transportation System (ITS) throughout the city.
• In 2012 a proof of concept was started for using fiber installed by
the City for commercial use.
• The City is still very new at providing any services other than dark
fiber.

Strategy of • The City only leases the dark fiber to Wilcon.

implementation • Use of fiber for other services came after the full implementation
(phases, all at once, of the ITS.
who received first,
second, etc.)

Issues encountered • Problems facing the City and business alike was the proverbial
(funding, last mile issue.
construction, • From the street to the front door cost were astronomical; couple
regulations, legal,
this with what was referred to as business condos where multiple
etc.)
businesses setup operations in one large complex and none could
agree on who should pay how much for what.
• Nothing was cost effective.

How long has it been • In operations since 2012 to support the ITS initiative.
operational, how well • It has been very successful leasing dark fiber to a partner that
is it working now, and operates and provides services only on the leased fiber.
how long did it take to
be a success/
disappointment

Funding strategy – • Federal grants were used for infrastructure for the ITS project.
grants, taxes, etc. • The City built on the infrastructure with additional fiber put in place
during the ITS Project.

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Governance – Who • Wilcon operates the network.

owns and operates • The City owns the network.
• There is no direct governance in place to oversee and guide the
process other than ITS traffic engineering standards and
specifications.
• No services are directly provided only particular dark fiber strands
for use by Wilcon.

Pricing and Marketing • Actual pricing was not provided, but the City did provide the
strategies – how were methodology at which they achieved it.
they agreed upon • Bulk rates were given to Wilcon with certain contract terms.
• They researched other cities and what they were doing and
decided that rather than ask for top dollars they would “get their
feet wet” and reap the indirect benefit of bringing business to the
City.
• This was viewed as part of their economic development
investment.
• The City and Wilcon agreed on a 10-year contract with three 5-
year renewals options.
• After the 10-year contract expires the City can use the no reason
opt-out clause.
• They also agreed to pricing where the more they lease the better
the price for Wilcon. The contract also allows for CPI
adjustments.

Follow-up - What did • Wilcon is not currently providing ISP services to anyone in the
the City do to City. Wilcon is only leasing dark fiber strands from the City.
publicize service and • However, it's their goal to serve as an ISP, but it has not launched
attract
customers? (e.g.
it. When it does,
outreach to business • Wilcon will be marketing to the business community. In terms of
groups, flyers by dark fiber strand lease pricing, the pricing was based on analysis
community economic on what other cities where charging but also realized the City is
development, etc.) new to this and did not attempt to command top dollar for fiber.

Implementation • Implementation budget was covered through the Traffic Division.

Budget

Operations Budget • Annual operations budget is very minimal as there is no

equipment to support and staff time is very minimal.
• Wilcon pays for any maintenance on equipment and fiber as they
operate it.

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• One position was identified to act as the primary contact on all

matters regarding fiber. The position was not dedicated to just the
fiber and the percentage of time spent on fiber issues varies.

Follow up: Additional • No response was provided.

details ($$ and/or
FTE) regarding
recurring
maintenance and
staffing costs

Other initiatives • All revenue from leases go directly into the General Fund.
funded through • The lower cost on leasing out fiber is part of the economic
revenues collected – development.
any economic
development

Managing • Council was very aware of the issues around providing cost-
expectations of effective internet to the businesses within the City, which made it
Council/Elected easier to get them onboard moving forward with the proof-of-
officials
concept and then leasing of dark fiber.
• The only concern has been a concern on receiving the best price
for the product/service.

Lessons learned/Any • Always lay more fiber than you think you need.
surprises • Be aware of what wireless can do as the performance is
increasing and the Capex is decreasing.
• Wireless may become more cost effective than fiber.

Additional question: • The City is exploring this but not there yet.
What was the process • Wilcon has not setup their POP in the City to serve as an ISP
for a new customer to either. If another customer that wants to lease dark fiber, the City
connect to network
and obtain
would most certainly be interested provided they pay market rate
service? What is the and the lease of those strands does not impede on the City's use
customer cost for of its fiber.
service (connection
cost, monthly rate)? • Availability of strands is currently not an issue.

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Additional information
• The City launched into dark fiber leasing in 2012. They lease 86 miles of dark fiber to
Wilcon.
• There are many ideas on the table about things and services that could be offered to
businesses or other entities. These are still in the brainstorming and research stage.
• The agreement with Wilcon is that if any fiber is installed by Wilcon within city jurisdiction,
that fiber becomes the property of the City.
• The City Traffic Division maintains the installation standards and operations &
maintenance standards for all city-owned fiber. When Wilcon installs new fiber, they do so
per City standard plans. After completion, all as-built plans are turned over to traffic
engineering for inventory.
• The City owns and leases by contract to Wilcon with a “keep it simple” approach.

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Figure 2.4: City of Glendale

3. Glendale

Demographics • Population – 191,719

• Land Area – 30.45 sq. mi.
• Water area – 0.13 sq. mi.
• Form of government – City Council/City Manager
• Rank in CA – 23
• Incorporated – 2/15/1906
• Population change 2010 – (-1.7%)
• Estimated population change estimate 2015 – +4.9%

Implementation • Implemented around 2002 – 2004.

Timeline

Strategy of • Implemented in one year and in one phase.

implementation
(phases, all at once,
who received first,
second, etc.)

Issues encountered • None

(funding,
construction,
regulations, legal,
etc.)

How long has it been • Fiber has been operational for 10 – 12 years.
operational, how well • There is only one commercial customer.
is it working now, and
• They are developing a Fiber Business Plan for future commercial
how long did it take to
be a success/ uses.
disappointment

Funding strategy – • No specific strategy.

grants, taxes, etc. • Received approval from Council.
• Fiber is managed by Water and Power and utilizes their funding.

Governance – Who • Water and Power owns and operates the fiber.
owns and operates • Traffic also has some fiber for their own needs, but it is managed
separately.

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Pricing and Marketing • There hasn’t been any specific marketing yet.
strategies – how were • They haven’t settled on a pricing structure. It is under
they agreed upon consideration.
• They are aware that the City of Burbank has a program and the
charges are higher than Glendale.
• Anticipate increasing charges.

Follow up: What did • Anticipating taking a new fee schedule to City Council within the
the City do to next few months. No other details provided.
publicize service and
attract
customers? (e.g.
outreach to business
groups, flyers by
community economic
development, etc.)

Implementation • Implementation budget unknown.

Budget

Operations Budget • There is no budget for Operations & Maintenance.

• One FTE recently retired and has not been replaced.
• Unsure what the on-going budget will look like.

Follow up: Additional • Utilizing contractors for on-going work. No details or costs
details ($$ and/or supplied.
FTE) regarding
recurring
maintenance and
staffing costs

Other initiatives • All revenues will go to Water and Power for future expansions.
funded through
revenues collected –
any economic
development

Managing • Staff presented high-level plan.

expectations of • Council supported and approved
Council/Elected
• Because Burbank has been successful, Council is supportive of
officials
increasing the commercial aspect to make the city more
marketable.

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Lessons learned/Any • It is very important to have the right resources.

surprises • Originally had hourly staff who were no committed to the project
full-time.
• Important to have processes in place for operations.

Additional question: • The process for a new customer has not yet been developed, nor
What was the process has the fee schedule and origination costs been determined.
for a new customer to
connect to network
and obtain
service? What is the
customer cost for
service (connection
cost, monthly rate)?

Additional information
• Glendale has been following the success of Burbank who started their program at a
similar time.
• Glendale’s primary use has been for internal operations.
• Glendale had some challenges in determining who would own and operate the fiber
program. Unsure as to how it was determined Water and Power.

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Figure 2.5: City of Pasadena

4. Pasadena

Demographics • Population – 137,122

• Land Area – 22.97 sq. mi.
• Water area – 0.158 sq. mi.
• Form of government – City Council/City Manager
• Rank in CA – 40
• Incorporated – 6/19/1886
• Population change 2010 – +2.4%
• Estimated population change estimate 2015 – +3.7

Implementation • From approval to go live took 18 months.

Timeline

Strategy of • All 25 miles were completed in one phase in 1999.

implementation
(phases, all at once,
who received first,
second, etc.)

Issues encountered • Power and Water was to implement originally, but ended up that
(funding, there were not enough staff resources, so needed to bring in
construction, outside support.
regulations, legal,
etc.)
• Underestimated the need of fiber for the City and overestimated
the need for fiber for commercial use.
• Originally leased 124 of 144 strands, but took back 12 when a
restatement of the lease was done.
• Commercial service limited due to significant costs in getting the
fiber to the customer.

How long has it been • Operational since 1999.

operational, how well • Began dark fiber leasing in 1998 to meet a customer’s need.
is it working now,
• Lit service began in 2014/15.
and how long did it
take to be a success/
disappointment

Funding strategy – • The City took a loan from the general fund for the project.
grants, taxes, etc. • Because of leasing structure, it was paid back within one year.

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Governance – Who • Pasadena owns and operates the network.

owns and operates • No other governance structure was considered.

Pricing and • For dark fiber – the City surveyed other cities for how it was being
Marketing strategies accomplished.
– how were they • Determined Palo Alto model would be best, with periodic
agreed upon
adjustments.
• Lit services – the City researched other cities, to find the ‘sweet
spot’ to recoup upfront costs and customer’s willingness to pay for
Gig service.
• Marketing is light. Information is on the website and there is a
separate broadband page with all carriers.
• The City also has offices in commercial buildings, so they will
market to property managers of those buildings.
• Service is part of the Economic Development’s toolkit.

Follow up: What did • Economic Development shares very general information about
the City do to potential fiber connectivity with target businesses and property
publicize service and owners as it works to encourage them to locate or remain in
attract
Pasadena.
customers? (e.g.
outreach to business • Fiber information is not included in any formal ED marketing type
groups, flyers by materials (currently working on a write-up that ED may use to tailor
community information to the type of business they are working with – landlords
economic vs. new property developers vs. large commercial bandwidth
development, etc.) consumers.)
• Currently ED sharing of fiber info is very much case by case, and
primarily verbal. ED does turn to IT to communicate directly with
targets re: detailed information and analysis about how fiber can
help achieve specific attraction or retention goals.

Implementation • $1.8M and came in under budget.

Budget • Because most fiber was aerial, they only needed to do 80 feet of
new conduit.

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Operations Budget • Operations budget is $400K annually and includes soft costs and
future expansions.
• $75K in Capital Improvement budget annually, also for expansion.
• Revenues generated are used for expansion and operations.

Follow up: • Staffing – The Dept. of IT has 1.5 FTEs dedicated to fiber
Additional details ($$ management. The Deputy CIO charges approximately 20% of his
and/or FTE) time to fiber management as well. Also, receive support from Power
regarding recurring
Division staff as needed to access the fiber, and from the GIS group
maintenance and
staffing costs
related to fiber documentation.
• There are other staff – in IT, Transportation, and Power – who are
involved in the specifics of how their departments use fiber to meet
operational requirements (e.g., planning and implementing a DWDM
network over City fiber strands, or connecting traffic management or
power monitoring devices via fiber).
• There are contracts in place for fiber emergency troubleshooting,
fiber engineering/project management, conduit construction,
installation, materials, and splicing and testing. Fiber emergencies
and maintenance represent a small fraction of the contract
expenses – by far fiber expansion (CIP) accounts for most
expenses, followed by costs incurred related to bringing new
customers on.
• Charges for fiber emergency troubleshooting are incurred if
technicians are dispatched. There is no retainer or recurring cost.
• There are modest costs annually (less than $2,500 most years)
related to the attachment to poles owned by entities other than the
City.
• The costs are low primarily because the network is mostly
underground and the City owns many of the poles that attach to in
overhead areas.
• Other jurisdictions may incur very different costs if their networks are
largely aerial and if they need to rent space on many poles they
don’t own.
•
Other initiatives • Currently, the City is in the second year of five-year plan, funded
funded through through revenues.
revenues collected – • There is a minimal incentive ($5K) that can be offered to offset new
any economic
development
customer upfront costs.

Managing • Extensive upfront planning, research, and communications was

expectations of done from the beginning, keeping Council and management in the
Council/Elected loop.
officials
• The loan was paid quickly, which pleased Council.

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• In 2011/12 the City conducted a workshop for future expansions.

Lessons learned/Any • Leveraging existing conduit helps keep costs down.

surprises • There are some challenges in using the Transportation network (for
expansion), which is separate, and was built using Federal/State
monies. Because of funding compliance, there is a concern that the
fiber cannot be used for revenue-generating operations. Under
investigation and the thought is that because it has been so many
years, there may not be a challenge.

Additional question: • Interested customers typically start with the Telecon & Regulatory
What was the Administrator, asking about what service or dark fiber is available.
process for a new • The process typically includes the following:
customer to connect
to network and
obtain o Determination of whether City fiber service or dark fiber
service? What is the connectivity is a good fit for the customer’s requirements
customer cost for (currently offer 1 or 10 Gb transport service paired with Internet
service (connection service from a local ISP, and dark fiber links).
cost, monthly rate)?
o An Engineering analysis, including field surveys, to identify a
cost-efficient path to extend fiber to the customer, based on
proximity to existing fiber and available conduit to their site.
o Identification of costs, and preparation of a quote and customer-
specific terms and conditions.
o Execution of a standard City of Pasadena fiber service
agreement or fiber license agreement.
o City Council approval of agreements generating $75,000 or
more in revenue.
o Installation and lighting of the fiber (for service customers),
testing, and hand-off in close coordination with the customer.
• There isn’t a “standard fiber rate card”; there is a review of specifics
for each location/agreement and sometimes an adjustment of
installation charges for multi-year agreements, locations with
multiple current/future customers, etc.

• Typical costs are below:

Dark Fiber Licenses – Use of Backbone Strands

o Annual fiber license fee of $2,340 per strand mile.

o Annual interconnection fee of $2.34 per foot of lateral
connecting customer site to the backbone.
o Installation cost – Customer pays installation cost at beginning
of license term.

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o Standard City fiber license agreement applies.

• 1 Gb Fiber Transport Service – On-Net Buildings with DWDM

capacity

o Annual fee of $18,000, invoiced quarterly

o Customer procures ISP service separately from local ISP
o Standard City fiber service agreement applies

• 1 Gb Fiber Transport Service – New Site Connections

o Installation cost of $25,000 or less
o Annual fee of $24,960, invoiced quarterly
o No upfront installation cost to customer
OR
o Annual fee of $18,000
o Customer pays full installation cost as upfront charge

• Installation cost of more than $25,000

o Annual fee of $24,960, invoiced quarterly

o Customer pays installation cost above $25,000 as upfront
charge
o Customer procures ISP service separately from local ISP
o Standard City fiber service agreement applies

Additional information
The $400k for operations is a very round number. Budgeting for Pasadena’s fiber-related
functions is quite complicated, and is managed primarily by someone in the Admin/Budget
group. A couple of factors contribute to the complexity:

• Fiber operations are supported both by the Dept. of IT (general management) and by the
Water & Power Dept. (for access to the fiber, which is primarily in power conduit).
• Most of the activities relate to a Fiber Expansion Capital Improvement Project (CIP) and to
customer connections and support, rather than fiber maintenance. Staff is budgeted in
the Operating Budget, expansion costs (engineering, installation, materials) are budgeted
in the CIP.
• Costs vary year to year based on customer requests and field conditions (it could go years
between fiber breaks, then face repairs in the tens of thousands due to wind storms, car
accidents affecting utility poles, and power system incidents, etc.).
The City Manager and Power and Water had the concept at almost the same time. This was
good for support, but also some challenge on who would own the project and revenues.

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Section 3
Appendix

Questions and Responses for Cities

• Santa Monica
• Santa Clarita
• Glendale
• Pasadena

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Santa Monica
From the time the project was approved and funded, how long was it for implementation?
Was it done in phases or all at once? How did you determine who received 1st, 2nd, etc.
The timeline is on the web site at www.smcitynet.com. (take info from timeline) It is important
to note we started small and grew as projects were successful and demand became
apparent. It is important to do it in incrementally small steps and only what can be
accomplished and be successful at. Lots of research and planning. Look at other utilities
within the city as a model to follow. Take time to build out and not take on too much. Ours
was a patchwork of networks coming together over ten years. Even though some of the
older stuff became outdated we improved and updated as we went. Be sure to use for
economic development as they help to promote each other. Important note that this year in
July SM City Net became an enterprise fund source in the city’s General Ledger. There was
a note of “build it and they will come” in the approach.

What types of issues did you encounter (funding, construction, critics, regulations, etc.)?
We applied for a grant from the National Telecommunications and Information Administration
which was denied. So, we started small and grew in incremental steps. Keep going even
though you run into obstacles.

How did you receive funding for the project? (grants, revenue, taxes, etc.) What was the
funding strategy?

We took projects to City Council and showed have it would benefit the City; and how it could
turn a project around quickly and show a profit.

Governance – Who owns and operates. (City owned, city operated, third party, steering
committee, etc.) How was this decided?
The City owns and operates the network, although the helpdesk and network support for the
private business side is contracted out. We report to the City IT organization and follow best
practices for design, support, and operations. The City standards drive our development.

How did you market your customers? How was the pricing structure determined?
There were many workshops involving community, City staff and Council members. Lots of
communication building enthusiasm and support. We used a cost recovery model with a
small buffer to put towards future projects. It was also recognized that this was an excellent
economic development tool to bring business to our community. So, we wrote off some of
the cost towards ED. We had to do very little marketing as Silicon Beach Tech Hub took
hold and the economy picked up with businesses pouring in.

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Can you tell us your implementation budget? Once it was operational, what is budgeted
annually for operations & maintenance?
I was given $18,000 and told that I needed to at least cover my wages for the year, I tripled
that. Currently our operations budget runs between $1.2 Million and $1.3 Million. We made
about $2 Million last year.

Have you used the revenues generated for any other initiatives (economic development,
further expansion, etc.)? How were the percentage of funds to general, versus,
operational, versus initiatives determined?
As revenue grew it funded many other programs or initiatives (never talked about specifics,
got the impression it was open to needs) We took a portion and set aside for future CIP
projects for the network. Major player at first for economic development. As business came
more revenue came back to SMCITYNET making it more self-sufficient.

During the planning and implementation, how did you manage expectations of
Council/Elected officials or public?
It was easy and we started to show how we could save money and bring business to the City
the Council was all over it. It generated a lot of excitement and was seen as a silver bullet
for economic development. As we did more projects I could show how it could be done
using savings from previous portions for CIP and when there would be a break even and a
possible profit could be made. The City Council became one of our biggest advocates. As
more business came in the more support we got. Communication!!!

Did you experience any surprises at any point?

Phenomenal growth as we increase the availability of our services. Our property vacancy
rates went from 30% to 0% with companies buying out each other’s leases to gain more
space. We ran out of space.

What lessons did you learn that would have you do something differently in the future?
You will set yourself up for failure if you only consider costs and profit at first.

Any additional information you’d like to share?

While we talked about profit, we never looked at the venture just as a profit-making venture.
It is about developing a community, providing Universal Access to all, growing the education,
health and safety of a community. Providing for the common good and growing business
and providing more jobs. We look at the other utilities, what they did right and what they
needed to improve. Who better to provide network services to the community that the City
who provides streets, water, sewer and in some cases power to its constituents.

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Santa Clarita
From the time the project was approved and funded, how long was it for
implementation? Was it done in phases or all at once? How did you determine who
received 1st, 2nd, etc. The City of Santa Clarita fiber started out in the City Traffic Engineering
Division when the City received federal grants for the implementation of Intelligent
Transportation System (ITS) throughout the City. It was stated the City is still very green
(new) at providing any services other than dark fiber. The City only leases the dark fiber to
Wilcon.

What types of issues did you encounter (funding, construction, critics, regulations,
etc.)? There was not any additional funding needed for the launch of the initial proof-of-
concept. All fiber was in place for the ITS project and the city used it as appropriate. Again, it
is important to note that the Traffic Division owns and operates the city fiber in conjunction
with their ITS implementation. Use of fiber for other things came after the full implementation
of the ITS.

How long have you been operational? How well is it working? How long was it before
you knew it was successful or did not meet expectations? In 2012 a proof of concept
was started for using fiber installed by the City for commercial use.

How did you receive funding for the project? (grants, revenue, taxes, etc.) What was
the funding strategy? Problems facing the city and business alike was the proverbial last
mile issue for good communication. From the street to the front door cost were astronomical;
couple this with what was referred to as business condos where multiple businesses setup
operations in one large complex and none could agree on who should pay how much for
what. Nothing was cost effective. in 2012, Freedom Telecommunications approached the City
to lease dark fiber to complete a project to connect sites for a major carrier. They needed
dark fiber at a cost-effective price. Hence the City launches into dark fiber leasing. Times
have progressed to the point today where the city leases their dark fiber to Wilcon. At
present, Wilcon leases a total of 86 fiber miles.

Governance – Who owns and operates. (City owned, city operated, third party, steering
committee, etc.) How was this decided? The agreement with Wilcon is that if any fiber is
installed by Wilcon within city jurisdiction that fiber becomes the property of the City. The City
Traffic Division maintains the installation standards and operations & maintenance standards
for all the city-owned fiber. When Wilcon installs new fiber, they do so per those city standard
plans. After completion, all as-built plans are turned over to traffic engineering for
inventory. The process is simple the city owns and leases by contract to Wilcon with a “keep
it simple” approach. This was the approach throughout the deal making with Wilcon.
There is no direct governance in place to oversee and guide the process other than ITS traffic
engineering standards and specifications. No services are directly provided only particular
dark fiber strands for use by Wilcon.

How did you market your customers? How was the pricing structure determined? In the
contract negotiations Wilcon started out wanting a 25-year exclusive contract. The city and
Wilcon agreed on a 10-year contract with three 5-year renewals options. After the 10-year

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contract expires the city can use the no reason opt-out clause. They also agreed to bulk rate
pricing where the more they lease the better the price for Wilcon. The contract also allows for
CPI adjustments.
They researched other cities and what they were doing and decided that rather than ask for
top dollars they would “get their feet wet” and reap the indirect benefit of bringing business to
the city. It was a part of their economic development investment.

Can you tell us your implementation budget? Once it was operational, what is
budgeted annually for operations & maintenance? Implementation budget was covered
through the traffic division. Annual budget is very minimal as there is no equipment to
support and staff time is very minimal. Wilcon pays for any maintenance on equipment and
fiber as they operate it. One position was identified to act as the primary contact on all
matters regarding fiber. The position was not dedicated to just the fiber and the percentage
of time spent on fiber issues varies.

During the planning and implementation, how did you manage expectations of
Council/Elected officials or public? City Council was very aware of the issues around
providing cost effective internet to the businesses within the city. This made it easier to get
them onboard moving forward with the proof-of-concept and then leasing of dark fiber. The
only concern that came up was are we getting the best price for our product/service.

Did you experience any surprises at any point?

None.

What lessons did you learn that would have you do something differently in the future?
Two things to consider always lay more fiber than you think you need and be aware of what
wireless can do as the performance is increasing and the Capex is decreasing. Wireless may
become more cost effective than fiber.

Any additional information you’d like to share? One note is that Technology Services
division has limited involvement now. There is a great working relationship with traffic
engineering but since the fiber leasing is all that takes place security is the primary service
provided to the transport process.
There are many ideas on the table about things and services that could be offered to
businesses or other entities. These are still in the brainstorming and research stage.

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Glendale
From the time the project was approved and funded, how long was it for
implementation? Was it done in phases or all at once? How did you determine who
received 1st, 2nd, etc. The fiber was implemented about 10- 12 years ago, and it took about
one-year to construct. It was done all at once, but there are plans to expand.

What types of issues did you encounter (funding, construction, critics, regulations,
etc.)? None.

How long have you been operational? How well is it working? How long was it before
you knew it was successful or did not meet expectations? What was the pivotal point
that said success or not? 10 – 12 years. It works well for internal operations. Right now,
there is only one commercial customer, but a Fiber Business Plan is under development for
future business/commercial use.

How did you receive funding for the project? (grants, revenue, taxes, etc.) What was
the funding strategy

? No specific strategy. Fiber is run through Water and Power, so staff went to Council to ask
and receive approval of funding.

Governance – Who owns and operates. (City owned, city operated, third party, steering
committee, etc.) How was this decided? Water and Power owns and operates City fiber.
Traffic also has some fiber, but it is managed separate.

How did you market your customers? How was the pricing structure determined?
Haven’t marketed yet nor determined pricing structure. They do know they are charging less
than Burbank, so have plans to raise prices soon. They are still working on a pricing structure
for going forward and did not include any details in the Plan.

Can you tell us your implementation budget? Once it was operational, what is
budgeted annually for operations & maintenance? There is no funding currently for
Operations & Maintenance. They had one FTE who retired and has not been replaced. They
are still unclear as to what the budget will look like.

During the planning and implementation, how did you manage expectations of
Council/Elected officials or public? Council was supportive from the beginning. Staff
presented a high-level plan for implementation and go-forward. Because the new thought is to

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add business to the service and they have seen success in Burbank, Council is very
supportive as it will make the city more marketable.

Did you experience any surprises at any point? Nothing too surprising. The only challenge
was who internally would own and operate, as several stepped forward. Craig wasn’t sure
how it was finally determined to go through Water and Power.

What lessons did you learn that would have you do something differently in the future?
Water and Power believes it very important to have the right staffing on board. They only had
hourly staff and it was not a full-time commitment. It is also important to have the right
processes in place to operate it.

Any additional information you’d like to share? They have been following Burbank for how
they are managing their program. Burbank began their program about the same time as
Glendale. They believe it is successful. Glendale’s primary use has been internal operations,
but realize it can be expanded to include commercial.

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Pasadena
From the time the project was approved and funded, how long was it for
implementation? Was it done in phases or all at once? How did you determine who
received 1st, 2nd, etc. – 12-18 months and there was little conduit construction. All 25 miles
were completed in one phase.

What types of issues did you encounter (funding, construction, critics, regulations,
etc.)? Originally Power and Water was to do it, and leverage the existing utility poles/conduits,
but it ended up that staff resources were not as available as anticipated, so needed to bring in
outside consultants. They underestimated the need the City had for the fiber and overestimated
the need by the business community. Of the 144 strands, they leased out 124, but it was hardly
used. The original lessee was acquired by TW Telecon, so a restatement of the lease was
done. At that time the City took back 12 strands. Commercial service was very limited because
there was a significant cost in getting it to the customer. Small offices that are looking for 50 –
100 mgb service call, but the city offers 1 Gig service, so it’s not cost-effective with install costs
of $20K - $30K.

How long have you been operational? How well is it working? How long was it before
you knew it was successful or did not meet expectations? Operational since 1999. Began
dark fiber leasing in 1998 to meet a specific customer’s need. Then provided lit service in
2014/15.

How did you receive funding for the project? (grants, revenue, taxes, etc.) What was the
funding strategy? Used a loan from the general revenues and paid back within one year
because of how the leasing structure was set. Most of the fiber was leased from the beginning.

Governance – Who owns and operates. (City owned, city operated, third party, steering
committee, etc.) How was this decided? Pasadena owns and operates the network. It was
never really considered to do it any other way.

How did you market your customers? How was the pricing structure determined? For
dark fiber, Pasadena surveyed other cites see how they did it. They settled on the Palo Alto
model and follow it still with minor adjustments from time to time. (Unable to get any further
information on the structure)
Lit services – researched others and tried to find what would be considered the ‘sweet spot’
between what the city would need to recoup upfront costs versus the customer’s willingness to
pay for Gig service. The City provides Gig transport service to the ISP who is Cogent, and
Cogent provides the ISP service. Marketing is very light. There is information on the website
and a broadband page listing all the services available, which includes Pasadena. The City has
offices in commercial buildings and the fiber is connected. They will market to the property
managers of the buildings. Some word of mouth marketing is done as well. The service is also
part of Economic Development’s toolkit.

Can you tell us your implementation budget? Once it was operational, what is budgeted
annually for operations & maintenance? They were all in at $1.8M and came in slightly
under budget. This included marketing to the private sector as well as soft costs of consultants

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and staff time. There was a benefit of only needing to do 80’ of conduit install of the full 25-mile
network.
Annually, the operations budget is $400k, including 1.5 FTE, and budget for future expansions.
This is funded through the revenues collected. There is also $75k in Capital Improvement for
expansion. They are in year two of a five-year plan, so in total, it is about $800K per year, with
the remainder funding provided through Power and Water.

Have you used the revenues generated for any other initiatives (economic development,
further expansion, etc.)? How were the percentage of funds to general, versus,
operational, versus initiatives determined? Revenues mostly go for future expansion and
operations. There is a minimal ($5K) incentive for new customers to offset connection costs.
Economic Development has their own funding to attract new business. The City uses the fiber,
connects facilities, and IT provides support, but there is no revenue generated from this.

During the planning and implementation, how did you manage expectations of
Council/Elected officials or public? Research and communication up front helped. They
started with a business plan in the beginning that was shared and supported by Council. They
identified the upfront costs and on-going so there were no surprises. They surveyed private
business for the opportunity. They also paid the loan off very quickly, which pleased the
Council. The only other major communications were when they needed to restate the lease
when the original partner was acquired by TW Telecom. In 2011/12 there was a Fiber
Workshop that laid the foundation for the future expansion.

Did you experience any surprises at any point?

Damage caused by rodents and tree trimmers. Much of the fiber was overhead. Now all fiber is
placed in interduct.

What lessons did you learn that would have you do something differently in the future?
Using existing conduit was important and more cost effective. Leveraging existing conduit also
makes it easier to get work completed. Because they are using utility facilities, they always
need to go through them, so have uphill challenges. Also, they would like to use the
Transportation network, but because it was both state and federally funded there is a
cautionary note on whether it can be used because of restrictions against revenue generation.
This is still being researched, but because the funding was so many years ago, there is a
thought that it might not be challenged.

Any additional information you’d like to share? The City Manager and Power and Water
had the original thought about the same time, so it helped in pushing it forward and get support.
There can be challenges though, in determining who owns the network and revenues.

28
Appendix E
Fiber optic Cable Cut Sheets

______________________________________________________________________________________________________
City of Modesto - LINKModesto
Fiber Network Infrastructure Master Plan
May 2017 | FINAL
Product Specifications
760053314    |    D-048
048--LA
LA--8W
8W--F12NS
Single Jacket/Single Armor, GelFree, Outdoor Stranded Loose Tube Cable
l Corrugated steel tape armor is strong yet flexible, providing additional crush and
rodent protection

Representative Image

General Specifications
Cable Type Stranded loose tube
Construction Type Armored
Subunit Type Gelfree

Construction Materials
Fiber Type Solution TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber (G.652.D, G.657.A1 | OS2)
Jacket Material PE
Total Fiber Count 48
Armor Type Corrugated steel
Fiber Type TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber (G.652.D, G.657.A1 | OS2)
Fiber Type, quantity 48
Fibers per Subunit, quantity 12
Jacket Color Black
Jacket UV Resistance UV stabilized

Dimensions
Buffer Tube/Subunit Diameter 2.50 mm | 0.10 in
Cable Weight 108.0 kg/km | 72.0 lb/kft
Diameter Over Jacket 11.50 mm | 0.45 in
Filler, quantity 1
Subunit, quantity 4

Physical Specifications

©2016 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 1 of 3
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: January 16, 2016 May 31, 2016
Product Specifications
760053314 | D
760053314 | D--048
048--LA
LA--8W
8W--F12NS

Minimum Bend Radius, loaded 17.3 cm | 6.8 in

Minimum Bend Radius, unloaded 11.5 cm | 4.5 in
Tensile Load, long term, maximum 800 N | 180 lbf
Tensile Load, short term, maximum 2700 N | 607 lbf
Vertical Rise, maximum 760.0 m | 2494.0 ft

Environmental Specifications
Environmental Space Aerial, lashed | Buried
Installation Temperature 30 °C to +70 °C (22 °F to +158 °F)
Operating Temperature 40 °C to +70 °C (40 °F to +158 °F)
Storage Temperature 40 °C to +75 °C (40 °F to +167 °F)

Mechanical Test Specifications

Compression 250 lb/in | 44 N/mm
Compression Test Method FOTP41 | IEC 607941 E3
Flex 35 cycles
Flex Test Method FOTP104 | IEC 607941 E6
Impact 2.17 ft lb | 2.94 Nm
Impact Test Method FOTP25 | IEC 607941 E4
Strain See long and short term tensile loads
Strain Test Method FOTP33 | IEC 607941 E1
Twist 10 cycles
Twist Test Method FOTP85 | IEC 607941 E7
Water Penentration 24 h
Water Penentration Test Method FOTP82 | IEC 607941 F5

Environmental Test Specifications

Cable Freeze 2 °C | 28 °F
Cable Freeze Test Method FOTP98 | IEC 607941 F15
Heat Age 40 °C to +85 °C (40 °F to +185 °F)
Heat Age Test Method IEC 607941 F9
Low High Bend 30 °C to +60 °C (22 °F to +140 °F)
Low High Bend Test Method FOTP37 | IEC 607941 E11
Temperature Cycle 40 °C to +70 °C (40 °F to +158 °F)
Temperature Cycle Test Method FOTP3 | IEC 607941 F1

Qualification Specifications
Cable Qualification Standards ANSI/ICEA S87640 | EN 187105 | Telcordia GR20

Regulatory Compliance/Certifications
Agency Classification
RoHS 2011/65/EU Compliant
ISO 9001:2008 Designed, manufactured and/or distributed under this quality management system

©2016 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 2 of 3
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: January 16, 2016 May 31, 2016
Product Specifications
760053314 | D
760053314 | D--048
048--LA
LA--8W
8W--F12NS

Included Products
CS8WLT (Product Component—not orderable) — TeraSPEED® OS2 Singlemode Fiber

* Footnotes
Operating Temperature Specification applicable to nonterminated bulk fiber cable

©2016 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 3 of 3
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: January 16, 2016 May 31, 2016
Product Specifications
760053876 | D-048
048--LN
LN--8W
8W--F12NS
Single Jacket AllDielectric, GelFree, Outdoor Stranded Loose Tube Cable

Representative Image

General Specifications
Cable Type Stranded loose tube
Construction Type Nonarmored
Subunit Type Gelfree

Construction Materials
Fiber Type Solution TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber (G.652.D, G.657.A1 | OS2)
Jacket Material PE
Total Fiber Count 48
Fiber Type TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber (G.652.D, G.657.A1 | OS2)
Fiber Type, quantity 48
Fibers per Subunit, quantity 12
Jacket Color Black
Jacket UV Resistance UV stabilized

Dimensions
Buffer Tube/Subunit Diameter 2.50 mm | 0.10 in
Cable Weight 66.0 kg/km | 44.0 lb/kft
Diameter Over Jacket 10.20 mm | 0.40 in
Filler, quantity 1
Subunit, quantity 4

Physical Specifications
Minimum Bend Radius, loaded 15.3 cm | 6.0 in

©2016 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 1 of 3
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: January 16, 2016 March 28, 2016
Product Specifications
760053876 | D
760053876 | D--048
048--LN
LN--8W
8W--F12NS

Minimum Bend Radius, unloaded 10.2 cm | 4.0 in

Tensile Load, long term, maximum 180 lbf | 800 N
Tensile Load, short term, maximum 2700 N | 607 lbf
Vertical Rise, maximum 1247.0 m | 4091.2 ft

Mechanical Test Specifications

Compression 125 lb/in | 22 N/mm
Compression Test Method FOTP41 | IEC 607941 E3
Flex 35 cycles
Flex Test Method FOTP104 | IEC 607941 E6
Impact 2.17 ft lb | 2.94 Nm
Impact Test Method FOTP25 | IEC 607941 E4
Strain See long and short term tensile loads
Strain Test Method FOTP33 | IEC 607941 E1
Twist 10 cycles
Twist Test Method FOTP85 | IEC 607941 E7
Water Penentration 24 h
Water Penentration Test Method FOTP82 | IEC 607941 F5

Environmental Test Specifications

Qualification Specifications
Cable Qualification Standards ANSI/ICEA S87640 | EN 187105 | Telcordia GR20

Regulatory Compliance/Certifications
Agency Classification
RoHS 2011/65/EU Compliant
ISO 9001:2008 Designed, manufactured and/or distributed under this quality management system

©2016 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 2 of 3
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: January 16, 2016 March 28, 2016
Product Specifications
760053876 | D
760053876 | D--048
048--LN
LN--8W
8W--F12NS

Included Products
CS8WLT (Product Component—not orderable) — TeraSPEED® OS2 Singlemode Fiber

©2016 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 3 of 3
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: January 16, 2016 March 28, 2016
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-
Jacket, Single-Armored Cable
48 F, Single-mode (OS2)

212.4564

Corning Cable Systems ALTOS® Lite™ Gel-Free, Single-

Corning
Cable

Jacket, Single-Armored Cables are designed for campus

backbones in direct-buried installations. The loose tube
design provides stable and highly reliable transmission
parameters for a variety of voice, data, video and imaging
applications. These cables also provide high-fiber density
within a given cable diameter while allowing flexibility to
suit many system configurations.

The single armored construction provides additional

crush and rodent protection with a high-strength ripcord
under the armor for easy stripping. Gel-free means the
cables are fully waterblocked using craft-friendly, water
-swellable materials which make cable access simple
and require no clean up. The flexible, craft-friendly buffer
tubes are easy to route in closures, and the SZ-stranded,
loose tube design isolates fibers from installation and en-
vironmental rigors while allowing easy midspan access.
These cables have a medium density polyethylene jacket
that is rugged, durable and easy to strip. Part Number: 048EUC-T4101D20

Features and Benefits

Ripcord
Gel-free waterblocking technology
Craft-friendly cable preparation Dielectric Central
Element
Medium-density polyethylene jacket Fiber
Rugged, durable and easy to strip while providing supe-
rior protection against UV radiation, fungus, abrasion and Buffer
Tube
other environmental factors
Water-Swellable
Tape
Corrugated steel tape armor
Corrugated Steel
Provides rodent resistance for direct-buried applications Armor
Filling Element

Polyethylene (PE)
1 1 Outer Jacket

Standards
Common Installations Outdoor lashed aerial, duct
Cross Section of Part Number: 048EUC-T4101D20
and direct-buried; indoor
when installed according to
National Electrical Code®
(NEC®) Article 770
Design and Test Criteria ANSI/ICEA S-87-640
26.93 115 0

False

Product Specification 048EUC-T4101D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 1 | Revision date 2012-08-25
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-
Jacket, Single-Armored Cable
48 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Specifications
General Specifications
Environment Outdoor
Application Aerial, Direct Buried, Duct
Cable Type Loose Tube
Product Type Armored
Fiber Category Single-mode (OS2)

Temperature Range
Storage -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)
Installation -30 °C to 70 °C (-22 °F to 158 °F)
Operation -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)

Cable Design
Central Element Dielectric
Fiber Count 48
Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White, Red, Black, Yellow,
Fiber Coloring
Violet, Rose, Aqua
Fibers per Tube 12
Number of Tube Positions 6
Number of Active Tubes 4
Buffer Tube Color Coding Blue, Orange, Green, Brown
Buffer Tube Diameter 2.5 mm (0.1 in)
Number of Filling Elements 2
Tape Water-swellable
Number of Ripcords 2
Tensile Strength Elements and/or Armoring - Layer 1 Corrugated steel tape armor
Outer Jacket Material Polyethylene (PE)
Outer Jacket Color Black
Maximum Fibers per Tube 12

Mechanical Characteristics Cable

Max. Tensile Strengths, Short-Term 2700 N (600 lbf)
Max. Tensile Strengths, Long-Term 890 N (200 lbf)
Weight 129 kg/km (87 lb/1000 ft)

Product Specification 048EUC-T4101D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 2 | Revision date 2012-08-25
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-
Jacket, Single-Armored Cable
48 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Mechanical Characteristics Cable

Nominal Outer Diameter 12.1 mm (0.48 in)
Min. Bend Radius Installation 182 mm (7.2 in)
Min. Bend Radius Operation 121 mm (4.8 in)

Chemical Characteristics
Free of hazardous substances according to RoHS 2002/95/
RoHS EG

Fiber Specifications
Optical Characteristics (cabled)
Fiber Type Single-mode
Fiber Core Diameter 8.2 µm
Fiber Category OS2
Fiber Code E
Performance Option Code 01
Wavelengths 1310 nm / 1383 nm / 1550 nm
Maximum Attenuation 0.4 dB/km / 0.4 dB/km / 0.3 dB/km
Serial 1 Gigabit Ethernet 5000 m / - / -
Serial 10 Gigabit Ethernet 10000 m / - / 40000 m
* ITU-T G.652 D compliant.
* Meets 0.75 ns optical skew when used in all Corning Cable Systems Plug & Play™/Pretium EDGE® Systems Solutions.

Notes: 1) Improved attenuation and bandwidth options available.

2) Bend-insensitive single-mode fibers available on request.
3) Contact a Corning Cable Systems Customer Care Representative for additional information.

Ordering Information
Part Number 048EUC-T4101D20
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-Jacket, Single-
Product Description
Armored Cable, 48 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Product Specification 048EUC-T4101D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 3 | Revision date 2012-08-25
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-
Jacket, Single-Armored Cable
48 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Notes

Corning Cable Systems LLC • PO Box 489 • Hickory, NC 28603-0489 USA

800-743-2675 • FAX: 828-325-5060 • International: +1-828-901-5000 • www.corning.com/cablesystems
A complete listing of the trademarks of Corning Cable Systems is available at www.corning.com/cablesystems/trademarks.
Corning Cable Systems is ISO 9001 certified. © 2012 Corning Cable Systems. All rights reserved.

Product Specification 048EUC-T4101D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 4 | Revision date 2012-08-25
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free, All-Dielectric
Cable with FastAccess™ Technology
48 F, Single-mode (OS2)

211.3385

Corning Cable Systems ALTOS® Cable with

Corning
Cable

FastAccess™ Technology is an all-dielectric gel-free ca-

ble designed for outdoor and limited indoor use for cam-
pus backbones in lashed aerial and duct installations.
The innovative FastAccess Technology feature combined
with the all-dielectric gel-free loose tube design simplifies
removal of the cable jacket reducing cable end access
time by at least 50 percent. Equally important is the over-
all reduction in risk of inadvertent fiber damage and risk
to installers from sharp cable access tools. The cable is
fully waterblocked using craft-friendly, water-swellable
materials, which means no clean up is required. The
flexible buffer tubes are easy to route in closures, and
the SZ-stranded, loose tube design isolates fibers from
installation and environmental rigors while allowing easy
midspan access. The all-dielectric gel-free cable con-
struction requires no bonding or grounding, and these
cables have a medium-density polyethylene jacket that
is rugged, durable, and easy to handle. A variety of fiber
types are available including 62.5 µm and 50 µm, single- Part Number: 048EU4-T4701D20
mode and hybrid versions, as well as fibers with Gigabit
and 10 Gigabit Ethernet performance.

Features and Benefits FastAccess

Locator Ridge
Polyethylene (PE)
Contains FastAccess™ Technology Outer Jacket
Innovative cable jacket feature reduces cable end ac- Dielectric Central
Element
cess time by at least 50 percent and reduces overall risk
Buffer
of inadvertent fiber damage as well as risk to installers Tube
from sharp cable access tools Fiber

Medium-density polyethylene jacket Filling Element

Rugged, durable and easy to strip while providing supe-
Water-Swellable
rior protection against UV radiation, fungus, abrasion and Tape
other environmental factors
Fully waterblocked loose tube all-dielectric gel-free
design
Simple access and no clean up
Cross Section of Part Number: 048EU4-T4701D20
Industry-standard performance
Meets the requirements of Telcordia GR-20, Issue 3 and
ICEA S-87-640
Available in 62.5 µm, 50 µm, single-mode and hybrid
versions
Ready for any application including Gigabit Ethernet and
10 Gigabit Ethernet

1 1

Product Specification 048EU4-T4701D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 1 | Revision date 2012-11-06
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free, All-Dielectric
Cable with FastAccess™ Technology
48 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Standards
Common Installations Outdoor lashed aerial and
duct; indoor when installed
according to National
Electrical Code® (NEC®)
Article 770
Design and Test Criteria ANSI/ICEA S-87-640
26.9297 115 1 1

False

Specifications
General Specifications
Environment Outdoor
Application Aerial, Duct
Cable Type Loose Tube
Product Type Dielectric
Fiber Category Single-mode (OS2)

Temperature Range
Storage -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)
Installation -30 °C to 70 °C (-22 °F to 158 °F)
Operation -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)

Product Specification 048EU4-T4701D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 2 | Revision date 2012-11-06
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free, All-Dielectric
Cable with FastAccess™ Technology
48 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Cable Design
Outer Jacket Color Black
Maximum Fibers per Tube 12

Mechanical Characteristics Cable

Max. Tensile Strengths, Short-Term 2700 N (600 lbf)
Max. Tensile Strengths, Long-Term 890 N (200 lbf)
Weight 73 kg/km (49 lb/1000 ft)
Nominal Outer Diameter 10.5 mm (0.41 in)
Min. Bend Radius Installation 158 mm (6.2 in)
Min. Bend Radius Operation 105 mm (4.1 in)

Chemical Characteristics
Free of hazardous substances according to RoHS 2002/95/
RoHS EG

Notes: 1) Improved attenuation and bandwidth options available.

2) Bend-insensitive single-mode fibers available on request.
3) Contact a Corning Cable Systems Customer Care Representative for additional information.

Product Specification 048EU4-T4701D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 3 | Revision date 2012-11-06
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free, All-Dielectric
Cable with FastAccess™ Technology
48 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Ordering Information
Part Number 048EU4-T4701D20
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free, All-Dielectric Cable with
Product Description
FastAccess™ Technology, 48 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Corning Cable Systems LLC • PO Box 489 • Hickory, NC 28603-0489 USA

Product Specification 048EU4-T4701D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 4 | Revision date 2012-11-06
Product Specifications
760053363    |    D-288
288--LA
LA--8W
8W--F12NS
Single Jacket/Single Armor, GelFree, Outdoor Stranded Loose Tube Cable
l Corrugated steel tape armor is strong yet flexible, providing additional crush and
rodent protection

Representative Image

General Specifications
Cable Type Stranded loose tube
Construction Type Armored
Subunit Type Gelfree

Construction Materials
Fiber Type Solution TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber (G.652.D, G.657.A1 | OS2)
Jacket Material PE
Total Fiber Count 288
Armor Type Corrugated steel
Fiber Type TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber (G.652.D, G.657.A1 | OS2)
Fiber Type, quantity 288
Fibers per Subunit, quantity 12
Jacket Color Black
Jacket UV Resistance UV stabilized

Dimensions
Buffer Tube/Subunit Diameter 2.50 mm | 0.10 in
Cable Weight 177.0 lb/kft | 264.0 kg/km
Diameter Over Jacket 19.60 mm | 0.77 in
Subunit, quantity 24

Physical Specifications
Minimum Bend Radius, loaded 29.4 cm | 11.6 in

Minimum Bend Radius, unloaded 19.6 cm | 7.7 in

Tensile Load, long term, maximum 180 lbf | 800 N
Tensile Load, short term, maximum 2700 N | 607 lbf
Vertical Rise, maximum 310.0 m | 1017.1 ft

Mechanical Test Specifications

Compression 250 lb/in | 44 N/mm
Compression Test Method FOTP41 | IEC 607941 E3
Flex 35 cycles
Flex Test Method FOTP104 | IEC 607941 E6
Impact 4.88 ft lb | 6.62 Nm
Impact Test Method FOTP25 | IEC 607941 E4
Strain See long and short term tensile loads
Strain Test Method FOTP33 | IEC 607941 E1
Twist 10 cycles
Twist Test Method FOTP85 | IEC 607941 E7
Water Penentration 24 h
Water Penentration Test Method FOTP82 | IEC 607941 F5

Environmental Test Specifications

Qualification Specifications
Cable Qualification Standards ANSI/ICEA S87640 | EN 187105 | Telcordia GR20

Regulatory Compliance/Certifications
Agency Classification
RoHS 2011/65/EU Compliant
ISO 9001:2008 Designed, manufactured and/or distributed under this quality management system

Included Products
CS8WLT (Product Component—not orderable) — TeraSPEED® OS2 Singlemode Fiber

* Footnotes
Operating Temperature Specification applicable to nonterminated bulk fiber cable

760007450 | O-288-LN-5K-F12NS
Single Jacket AllDielectric Outdoor Cable AridCore Construction Stranded Loose Tube

Representative Image

General Specifications
Cable Type Stranded loose tube
Construction Type Nonarmored
Subunit Type Gelfilled

Construction Materials
Fiber Type Solution LazrSPEED® 550, 50 μm multimode fiber
Total Fiber Quantity 288
Fiber Type LazrSPEED® 550, 50 μm multimode fiber
Fiber Type, quantity 288
Fibers Per Subunit, quantity 12
Jacket Color Black
Jacket UV Resistance UV stabilized

Dimensions
Buffer Tube/Subunit Diameter 3.00 mm   |   0.12 in
Cable Weight 190.0 lb/kft   |   283.0 kg/km
Diameter Over Jacket 21.50 mm   |   0.85 in
Subunit, quantity 24

Physical Specifications
Minimum Bend Radius, loaded 32.2 cm | 12.7 in
Minimum Bend Radius, unloaded 21.5 cm | 8.5 in

©2012 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 1 of 3
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: February 19, 2012 March 5, 2012
Product Specifications
760007450 | O-288-LN-5K-F12NS

Tensile Load, long term, maximum 180 lbf   |   800 N
Tensile Load, short term, maximum 2700 N   |   607 lbf
Vertical Rise, maximum 289.0 m   |   948.2 ft

Environmental Specifications
Environmental Space Aerial, lashed   |   Buried
Installation Temperature 30 °C to +70 °C (22 °F to +158 °F)
Operating Temperature 40 °C to +70 °C (40 °F to +158 °F)
Storage Temperature 40 °C to +75 °C (40 °F to +167 °F)

Mechanical Test Specifications

Compression 125 lb/in   |   22 N/mm
Compression Test Method FOTP41   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 7
Flex 35 cycles
Flex Test Method FOTP24   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 10
Impact 4.88 ft lb   |   6.62 N m
Impact Test Method FOTP25   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 8
Strain See long and short term tensile loads
Strain Test Method FOTP33   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 5
Twist 10 cycles
Twist Test Method FOTP85   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 11
Water Penentration 24 h
Water Penentration Test Method FOTP82   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 24

Environmental Test Specifications
Cable Freeze 2 °C   |   28 °F
Cable Freeze Test Method FOTP98
Drip 70 °C   |   158 °F
Drip Test Method FOTP81   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 17
Heat Age 40 °C to +85 °C (40 °F to +185 °F)
Heat Age Test Method Not applicable
Low High Bend 30 °C to +60 °C (22 °F to +140 °F)
Low High Bend Test Method FOTP28   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 28
Temperature Cycle 40 °C to +70 °C (40 °F to +158 °F)
Temperature Cycle Test Method FOTP3   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 22

Qualification Specifications
Cable Qualification Standards ANSI/ICEA S876402006 | EN 187105 | Telcordia GR 20CORE Issue 3

Regulatory Compliance/Certifications
Agency Classification
RoHS 2002/95/EC Compliant
ISO 9001:2008 Designed, manufactured and/or distributed under this quality management system

©2012 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 2 of 3
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: February 19, 2012 March 5, 2012
Product Specifications
760007450 | O-288-LN-5K-F12NS

Included Products
CS5KLT (Product Component—not orderable) — LazrSPEED® 550 OM4 Multimode Fiber

©2012 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 3 of 3
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: February 19, 2012 March 5, 2012
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-
Jacket, Single-Armored Cable
288 F, Single-mode (OS2)

212.8092

Corning Cable Systems ALTOS® Lite™ Gel-Free, Single-

Corning
Cable

Jacket, Single-Armored Cables are designed for campus

The single armored construction provides additional

Features and Benefits

Ripcord
Gel-free waterblocking technology
Craft-friendly cable preparation Water-Swellable
Tape
Medium-density polyethylene jacket Dielectric Central
Rugged, durable and easy to strip while providing supe- Element
rior protection against UV radiation, fungus, abrasion and Fiber
other environmental factors
Buffer
Tube
Corrugated steel tape armor
Water-Swellable
Provides rodent resistance for direct-buried applications Tape
Corrugated Steel
Armor
Polyethylene (PE)
1 1 Outer Jacket

Standards
Common Installations Outdoor lashed aerial, duct
and direct-buried; indoor Cross Section of Part Number: 288EUC-T4101D20
when installed according to
National Electrical Code®
(NEC®) Article 770
Design and Test Criteria ANSI/ICEA S-87-640
26.93 115 0

False

Product Specification 288EUC-T4101D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 1 | Revision date 2012-08-26
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-
Jacket, Single-Armored Cable
288 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Specifications
General Specifications
Environment Outdoor
Application Aerial, Direct Buried, Duct
Cable Type Loose Tube
Product Type Armored
Fiber Category Single-mode (OS2)

Temperature Range
Storage -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)
Installation -30 °C to 70 °C (-22 °F to 158 °F)
Operation -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)

Cable Design
Central Element Dielectric
Fiber Count 288
Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White, Red, Black, Yellow,
Fiber Coloring
Violet, Rose, Aqua
Fibers per Tube 12
Number of Tube Positions 24
Number of Active Tubes 24
Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 1 Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White, Red, Black, Yellow
Buffer Tube Diameter 2.5 mm (0.1 in)
Tape Water-swellable
Violet, Rose, Aqua, Blue*, Orange*, Green*, Brown*, Slate*,
Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 2
White*, Red*, Black*, Yellow*, Violet*, Rose*, Aqua*
Tape, Layer 2 Water-swellable
Number of Ripcords 2
Tensile Strength Elements and/or Armoring - Layer 1 Corrugated steel tape armor
Outer Jacket Material Polyethylene (PE)
Outer Jacket Color Black
Maximum Fibers per Tube 12
Notes: *Tubes 13 to 24 include a co-extruded stripe that is white for the black tube and black for all other tube colors

Product Specification 288EUC-T4101D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 2 | Revision date 2012-08-26
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-
Jacket, Single-Armored Cable
288 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Mechanical Characteristics Cable

Max. Tensile Strengths, Short-Term 2700 N (600 lbf)
Max. Tensile Strengths, Long-Term 890 N (200 lbf)
Weight 293 kg/km (196 lb/1000 ft)
Nominal Outer Diameter 20 mm (0.79 in)
Min. Bend Radius Installation 300 mm (11.8 in)
Min. Bend Radius Operation 200 mm (7.9 in)

Chemical Characteristics
Free of hazardous substances according to RoHS 2002/95/
RoHS EG

Notes: 1) Improved attenuation and bandwidth options available.

2) Bend-insensitive single-mode fibers available on request.
3) Contact a Corning Cable Systems Customer Care Representative for additional information.

Product Specification 288EUC-T4101D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 3 | Revision date 2012-08-26
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-
Jacket, Single-Armored Cable
288 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Ordering Information
Part Number 288EUC-T4101D20
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Free, Single-Jacket, Single-
Product Description
Armored Cable, 288 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Corning Cable Systems LLC • PO Box 489 • Hickory, NC 28603-0489 USA

Product Specification 288EUC-T4101D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 4 | Revision date 2012-08-26
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free Cable
288 F, Single-mode (OS2)

210.8297

Corning Cable Systems ALTOS® All-Dielectric Gel-Free

Corning
Cable

Cables are designed for outdoor and limited indoor use

for campus backbones in lashed aerial and duct installa-
tions. The loose tube gel-free design is fully waterblocked
using craft-friendly, water-swellable materials, which
means cable access is simple and no clean up is re-
quired. The flexible craft-friendly buffer tubes are easy to
route in closures and the SZ-stranded, loose tube design
isolates fibers from installation and environmental rigors
while allowing easy midspan access. The all-dielectric
cable construction requires no bonding or grounding and
these cables have a medium-density polyethylene jacket
that is rugged, durable and easy to strip.

Features and Benefits

Gel-free waterblocking technology
Craft-friendly cable preparation Part Number: 288EU4-T4101D20

Medium-density polyethylene jacket

Rugged, durable and easy to strip while providing supe-
rior protection against UV radiation, fungus, abrasion and
other environmental factors
Ripcord
All-dielectric construction
Requires no grounding or bonding Dielectric Central
Element
Buffer
Tube
1 1
Water-Swellable
Tape
Standards Fiber

Common Installations Outdoor lashed aerial and Water-Swellable

Tape
duct; indoor when installed
Polyethylene (PE)
according to National Outer Jacket
Electrical Code® (NEC®)
Article 770
Design and Test Criteria ANSI/ICEA S-87-640
26.93 115 0

Cross Section of Part Number: 288EU4-T4101D20

False

Product Specification 288EU4-T4101D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 1 | Revision date 2012-08-26
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free Cable
288 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Specifications
General Specifications
Environment Outdoor
Application Aerial, Duct
Cable Type Loose Tube
Product Type Dielectric
Fiber Category Single-mode (OS2)

Temperature Range
Storage -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)
Installation -30 °C to 70 °C (-22 °F to 158 °F)
Operation -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)

Cable Design
Central Element Dielectric
Fiber Count 288
Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White, Red, Black, Yellow,
Fiber Coloring
Violet, Rose, Aqua
Fibers per Tube 12
Number of Tube Positions 24
Number of Active Tubes 24
Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 1 Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White, Red, Black, Yellow
Buffer Tube Diameter 2.5 mm (0.1 in)
Tape Water-swellable
Violet, Rose, Aqua, Blue*, Orange*, Green*, Brown*, Slate*,
Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 2
White*, Red*, Black*, Yellow*, Violet*, Rose*, Aqua*
Tape, Layer 2 Water-swellable
Number of Ripcords 1
Outer Jacket Material Polyethylene (PE)
Outer Jacket Color Black
Notes: *Tubes 13 to 24 include a co-extruded stripe that is white for the black tube and black for all other tube colors

Mechanical Characteristics Cable

Max. Tensile Strengths, Short-Term 2700 N (600 lbf)
Max. Tensile Strengths, Long-Term 890 N (200 lbf)

Product Specification 288EU4-T4101D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 2 | Revision date 2012-08-26
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free Cable
288 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Mechanical Characteristics Cable

Weight 196 kg/km (131 lb/1000 ft)
Nominal Outer Diameter 18.2 mm (0.72 in)
Min. Bend Radius Installation 273 mm (10.7 in)
Min. Bend Radius Operation 182 mm (7.2 in)

Chemical Characteristics
Free of hazardous substances according to RoHS 2002/95/
RoHS EG

Notes: 1) Improved attenuation and bandwidth options available.

2) Bend-insensitive single-mode fibers available on request.
3) Contact a Corning Cable Systems Customer Care Representative for additional information.

Ordering Information
Part Number 288EU4-T4101D20
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free Cable, 288 F, Single-mode
Product Description
(OS2)

Product Specification 288EU4-T4101D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 3 | Revision date 2012-08-26
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Free Cable
288 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Notes

Corning Cable Systems LLC • PO Box 489 • Hickory, NC 28603-0489 USA

Product Specification 288EU4-T4101D20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 4 | Revision date 2012-08-26
Product Specifications
760181628 | O-432
432--LA
LA--8W
8W--F24NS
Single Jacket/Single Armor, High Fiber Count, Gel-Filled, Outdoor Stranded Loose Tube
Cable
l Corrugated steel tape armor is strong yet flexible, providing additional crush and
rodent protection

Representative Image

General Specifications
Cable Type Stranded loose tube
Construction Type Armored
Subunit Type Gel-filled

Construction Materials
Fiber Type Solution TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber (G.652.D, G.657.A1 | OS2)
Jacket Material PE
Total Fiber Count 432
Armor Type Corrugated steel
Fiber Type TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber (G.652.D, G.657.A1 | OS2)
Fiber Type, quantity 432
Fibers per Subunit, quantity 24
Jacket Color Black
Jacket UV Resistance UV stabilized

Dimensions
Buffer Tube/Subunit Diameter 3.50 mm | 0.14 in
Cable Weight 241.0 lb/kft | 358.0 kg/km
Diameter Over Jacket 22.90 mm | 0.90 in
Subunit, quantity 18

Physical Specifications

©2016 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 1 of 3
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: January 16, 2016 November 23, 2016
Product Specifications
760181628 | O
760181628 | O--432
432--LA
LA--8W
8W--F24NS

Minimum Bend Radius, loaded 34.3 cm | 13.5 in

Minimum Bend Radius, unloaded 22.9 cm | 9.0 in
Tensile Load, long term, maximum 180 lbf | 800 N
Tensile Load, short term, maximum 2700 N | 607 lbf
Vertical Rise, maximum 228.0 m | 749.0 ft

Environmental Specifications
Environmental Space Aerial, lashed | Buried
Installation Temperature -30 °C to +70 °C (-22 °F to +158 °F)
Operating Temperature -40 °C to +70 °C (-40 °F to +158 °F)
Storage Temperature -40 °C to +75 °C (-40 °F to +167 °F)

Mechanical Test Specifications

Compression 250 lb/in | 44 N/mm
Compression Test Method FOTP-41 | IEC 60794-1 E3
Flex 35 cycles
Flex Test Method FOTP-104 | IEC 60794-1 E6
Impact 7.35 N-m | 5.42 ft lb
Impact Test Method FOTP-25 | IEC 60794-1 E4
Strain See long and short term tensile loads
Strain Test Method FOTP-33 | IEC 60794-1 E1
Twist 10 cycles
Twist Test Method FOTP-85 | IEC 60794-1 E7
Water Penentration 24 h
Water Penentration Test Method FOTP-82 | IEC 60794-1 F5

Environmental Test Specifications

Cable Freeze -2 °C | 28 °F
Cable Freeze Test Method FOTP-98 | IEC 60794-1 F15
Drip 70 °C | 158 °F
Drip Test Method FOTP-81 | IEC 60794-1 E14
Heat Age -40 °C to +85 °C (-40 °F to +185 °F)
Heat Age Test Method IEC 60794-1 F9
Low High Bend -30 °C to +60 °C (-22 °F to +140 °F)
Low High Bend Test Method FOTP-37 | IEC 60794-1 E11
Temperature Cycle -40 °C to +70 °C (-40 °F to +158 °F)
Temperature Cycle Test Method FOTP-3 | IEC 60794-1 F1

Qualification Specifications
Cable Qualification Standards ANSI/ICEA S-87-640 | EN 187105 | Telcordia GR-20

Regulatory Compliance/Certifications
Agency Classification
RoHS 2011/65/EU Compliant
ISO 9001:2008 Designed, manufactured and/or distributed under this quality management system

©2016 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 2 of 3
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: January 16, 2016 November 23, 2016
Product Specifications
760181628 | O
760181628 | O--432
432--LA
LA--8W
8W--F24NS

Included Products
DB-8W-LT (Product Component—not orderable) — LightScope ZWP® Singlemode Fiber

* Footnotes
Operating Temperature Specification applicable to non-terminated bulk fiber cable

760135905 | O-432-LN-8W-F24NS
High Fiber Count Single Jacket AllDielectric Outdoor Cable AridCore Construction
Stranded Loose Tube

Representative Image

General Specifications
Cable Type Stranded loose tube
Construction Type Nonarmored
Subunit Type Gelfilled

Construction Materials
Fiber Type Solution TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber
Total Fiber Quantity 432
Fiber Type TeraSPEED®, zero water peak singlemode fiber
Fiber Type, quantity 432
Fibers Per Subunit, quantity 24
Jacket Color Black
Jacket UV Resistance UV stabilized

Dimensions
Buffer Tube/Subunit Diameter 3.50 mm   |   0.14 in
Cable Weight 173.0 lb/kft   |   258.0 kg/km
Diameter Over Jacket 21.50 mm   |   0.85 in
Subunit, quantity 18

Physical Specifications
Minimum Bend Radius, loaded 32.2 cm   |   12.7 in
Minimum Bend Radius, unloaded 21.5 cm   |   8.5 in
Tensile Load, long term, maximum 180 lbf   |   800 N

©2012 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 1 of 2
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: February 19, 2012 March 6, 2012
Product Specifications
760135905 | O-432-LN-8W-F24NS

Tensile Load, short term, maximum 2700 N   |   607 lbf
Vertical Rise, maximum 317.0 m   |   1040.0 ft

Environmental Specifications
Environmental Space Aerial, lashed   |   Buried
Installation Temperature 30 °C to +70 °C (22 °F to +158 °F)
Operating Temperature 40 °C to +70 °C (40 °F to +158 °F)
Storage Temperature 40 °C to +75 °C (40 °F to +167 °F)

Mechanical Test Specifications

Compression 125 lb/in   |   22 N/mm
Compression Test Method FOTP41   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 7
Flex 35 cycles
Flex Test Method FOTP24   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 10
Impact 6.62 Nm   |   4.88 ft lb
Impact Test Method FOTP25   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 8
Strain See long and short term tensile loads
Strain Test Method FOTP33   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 5
Twist 10 cycles
Twist Test Method FOTP85   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 11
Water Penentration 24 h
Water Penentration Test Method FOTP82   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 24

Environmental Test Specifications
Cable Freeze 2 °C   |   28 °F
Cable Freeze Test Method FOTP98
Drip 70 °C   |   158 °F
Drip Test Method FOTP81   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 17
Heat Age 40 °C to +85 °C (40 °F to +185 °F)
Heat Age Test Method Not applicable
Low High Bend 30 °C to +60 °C (22 °F to +140 °F)
Low High Bend Test Method FOTP28   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 28
Temperature Cycle 40 °C to +70 °C (40 °F to +158 °F)
Temperature Cycle Test Method FOTP3   |   IEC 60794 12, Section 22

Qualification Specifications
Cable Qualification Standards ANSI/ICEA S876402006   |   EN 187105   |   Telcordia GR 20CORE Issue 3

Regulatory Compliance/Certifications
Agency Classification
ISO 9001:2008 Designed, manufactured and/or distributed under this quality management system

Included Products
CS8WLT (Product Component—not orderable) — TeraSPEED® OS2 Singlemode Fiber

©2012 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks, respectively, of CommScope. page 2 of 2
All specifications are subject to change without notice. See www.commscope.com for the most current information. Revised: February 19, 2012 March 6, 2012
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Filled,
Single-Jacket, Single-Armored Cable
432 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Corning ALTOS® Lite™ single-jacket, single-armored

cables are lightweight, reduced-diameter, armored ca-
bles designed for direct-buried, duct and aerial (lashed)
installation. The loose tube design provides stable perfor-
mance over a wide temperature range and is compatible
with any telecommunications-grade optical fiber.

Features and Benefits

Medium-density polyethylene jacket

Rugged, durable and easy to strip (while providing supe-
rior protection against UV radiation, fungus, abrasion and
other environmental factors)
Polyethylene (PE)
Outer Jacket
Ripcord

Standards Water-Swellable
Tape
Dielectric Central
Approvals and Listings USDA Rural Development Element
Programs Buffer
Tube
Design and Test Criteria Telcordia GR-20, ICEA-640 Fiber

Water-Swellable
Tape
Water-Swellable
Tape
Corrugated Steel
Armor

Cross Section of Part Number: 432EUC-T4100A20

Product Specification 432EUC-T4100A20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 1 | Revision date 2016-03-01
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Filled,
Single-Jacket, Single-Armored Cable
432 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Specifications
General Specifications
Environment Outdoor
Application Aerial, Direct Buried, Duct
Cable Type Loose Tube
Product Type Armored
Fiber Category Single-mode (OS2)

Temperature Range
Storage -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)
Installation -30 °C to 70 °C (-22 °F to 158 °F)
Operation -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)

Cable Design
Central Element Dielectric
Fiber Count 432
Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White, Red, Black, Yellow,
Fiber Coloring
Violet, Rose, Aqua
Fibers per Tube 12
Number of Tube Positions 36
Number of Active Tubes 36
Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 1 Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White
Buffer Tube Diameter 2.5 mm (0.1 in)
Tape Water-swellable
Red, Black, Yellow, Violet, Rose, Aqua, Blue*, Orange*,
Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 2
Green*, Brown*, Slate*, White*
Tape, Layer 2 Water-swellable
Blue*, Orange*, Green*, Brown*, Slate*, White*, Red*, Black*,
Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 3 Yellow*, Violet*, Rose*, Aqua*, Blue**, Orange**, Green**,
Brown**, Slate**, White**
Tape, Layer 3 Water-swellable
Number of Ripcords 2
Tensile Strength Elements and/or Armoring - Layer 1 Corrugated steel tape armor
Outer Jacket Material Polyethylene (PE)
Outer Jacket Color Black
Notes: Tubes 13 to 24 include a co-extruded stripe that is white for the black tube and black for all other tube colors.
Notes: Tubes 25 to 36 include a co-extruded stripe that is white for the red tube and red for all other tube colors.

Product Specification 432EUC-T4100A20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 2 | Revision date 2016-03-01
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Filled,
Single-Jacket, Single-Armored Cable
432 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Mechanical Characteristics Cable

Max. Tensile Strength, Short-Term 2700 N (600 lbf)
Max. Tensile Strength, Long-Term 890 N (200 lbf)
Weight 400 kg/km (269 lb/1000 ft)
Nominal Outer Diameter 23.2 mm (0.91 in)
Min. Bend Radius Installation 348 mm (13.7 in)
Min. Bend Radius Operation 232 mm (9.1 in)

Chemical Characteristics
Free of hazardous substances according to RoHS 2002/95/
RoHS EG

Fiber Specifications
Optical Characteristics (cabled)
Fiber Name Single-mode (OS2)
Fiber Category G.652.D
Fiber Code E
Performance Option Code 00
Wavelengths 1310 nm / 1383 nm / 1550 nm
Maximum Attenuation 0.35 dB/km / 0.35 dB/km / 0.25 dB/km

Ordering Information
Part Number 432EUC-T4100A20
ALTOS® Lite™ Loose Tube, Gel-Filled, Single-Jacket, Single-
Product Description
Armored Cable, 432 F, Single-mode (OS2)
EAN Code 4056418148496

Corning Optical Communications LLC • PO Box 489 • Hickory, NC 28603-0489 USA

800-743-2675 • FAX: 828-325-5060 • International: +1-828-901-5000 • www.corning.com/opcomm
A complete listing of the trademarks of Corning Optical Communications is available at www.corning.com/opcomm/trademarks.
All other trademarks are the properties of their respective owners. Corning Optical Communications is ISO 9001 certified.
© 2016 Corning Optical Communications. All rights reserved.

Product Specification 432EUC-T4100A20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 3 | Revision date 2016-03-01
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Filled Cable
432 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Corning ALTOS® all-dielectric cables are lightweight ca-

bles designed for duct and aerial (lashed) installation.
The loose tube design provides stable performance over
a wide temperature range and is compatible with any
telecommunications-grade optical fiber.

Features and Benefits

Flexible, craft-friendly buffer tubes
Facilitate easy routing in closures
SZ-stranded, loose tube design
Isolates fibers from installation and environmental rigors
and facilitates mid-span access
Dielectric central strength member
No preferential bend and requires no bonding or ground-
ing
Part Number: 432EU4-T4100A20
Medium-density polyethylene jacket
Rugged, durable and easy to strip (while providing supe-
rior protection against UV radiation, fungus, abrasion and
other environmental factors)

Ripcord

Polyethylene (PE)
Standards Outer Jacket
Water-Swellable
Tape
Approvals and Listings USDA Rural Development Buffer
Programs Tube
Fiber
Design and Test Criteria Telcordia GR-20, ICEA-640
Dielectric Central
Element
Water-Swellable
Tape
Water-Swellable
Tape

Cross Section of Part Number: 432EU4-T4100A20

Product Specification 432EU4-T4100A20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 1 | Revision date 2016-03-02
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Filled Cable
432 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Specifications
General Specifications
Environment Outdoor
Application Aerial, Duct
Cable Type Loose Tube
Product Type Dielectric
Fiber Category Single-mode (OS2)

Temperature Range
Storage -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)
Installation -30 °C to 70 °C (-22 °F to 158 °F)
Operation -40 °C to 70 °C (-40 °F to 158 °F)

Cable Design
Central Element Dielectric
Fiber Count 432
Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White, Red, Black, Yellow,
Fiber Coloring
Violet, Rose, Aqua
Fibers per Tube 12
Number of Tube Positions 36
Number of Active Tubes 36
Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 1 Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White
Buffer Tube Diameter 2.5 mm (0.1 in)
Tape Water-swellable
Red, Black, Yellow, Violet, Rose, Aqua, Blue*, Orange*,
Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 2
Green*, Brown*, Slate*, White*
Tape, Layer 2 Water-swellable
Red*, Black*, Yellow*, Violet*, Rose*, Aqua*, Blue**, Orange**,
Buffer Tube Color Coding, Layer 3 Green**, Brown**, Slate**, White**, Red**, Black**, Yellow**,
Violet**, Rose**, Aqua**
Tape, Layer 3 Water-swellable
Number of Ripcords 1
Outer Jacket Material Polyethylene (PE)
Outer Jacket Color Black
Maximum Fibers per Tube 12
Notes: Tubes 13 to 24 include a co-extruded stripe that is white for the black tube and black for all other tube colors.
Notes: Tubes 25 to 36 include a co-extruded stripe that is white for the red tube and red for all other tube colors.

Product Specification 432EU4-T4100A20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 2 | Revision date 2016-03-02
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Filled Cable
432 F, Single-mode (OS2)

Mechanical Characteristics Cable

Max. Tensile Strength, Short-Term 2700 N (600 lbf)
Max. Tensile Strength, Long-Term 890 N (200 lbf)
Weight 288 kg/km (194 lb/1000 ft)
Nominal Outer Diameter 21.2 mm (0.83 in)
Min. Bend Radius Installation 318 mm (12.5 in)
Min. Bend Radius Operation 212 mm (8.3 in)

Chemical Characteristics
Free of hazardous substances according to RoHS 2002/95/
RoHS EG

Ordering Information
Part Number 432EU4-T4100A20
ALTOS® Loose Tube, Gel-Filled Cable, 432 F, Single-mode
Product Description
(OS2)
EAN Code 4056418149226

Corning Optical Communications LLC • PO Box 489 • Hickory, NC 28603-0489 USA

Product Specification 432EU4-T4100A20_NAFTA_AEN

Page 3 | Revision date 2016-03-02
Appendix F
Referenced Sections of NECA/FOA 301-2009

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