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Waiters Morphine PDF

Morphine is an opioid agonist used to relieve moderate to severe pain and suppress coughing. It works by binding to mu receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception and increase pain threshold. Potential complications include respiratory depression, sedation, constipation, nausea, vomiting, and urinary retention. Nurses must monitor vital signs closely when administering morphine and educate patients about potential side effects.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
75 views

Waiters Morphine PDF

Morphine is an opioid agonist used to relieve moderate to severe pain and suppress coughing. It works by binding to mu receptors in the brain and spinal cord to reduce pain perception and increase pain threshold. Potential complications include respiratory depression, sedation, constipation, nausea, vomiting, and urinary retention. Nurses must monitor vital signs closely when administering morphine and educate patients about potential side effects.

Uploaded by

Tommie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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lOMoARcPSD|5232081

ATI Morphine - ATI

Medical Surgical Nursing I (Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana)

StuDocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university


Downloaded by Tommie Waiters ([email protected])
lOMoARcPSD|5232081

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE: Medication


Rachel Garcia
STUDENT NAME _____________________________________
morphine- What to teach regarding IV morphine?
MEDICATION __________________________________________________________________________ 36 in ATI
REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER ___________
Opioid Agonists
CATEGORY CLASS ______________________________________________________________________

PURPOSE OF MEDICATION

Expected Pharmacological Action Therapeutic Use


- Mimics actions of naturally occurring opioids - Relief of moderate to severe pain
(endorphins, enkephalins) by - Sedation
binding with mu receptors causing analgesia, sedation, -Reduction of bowel motility
euphoria, respiratory depression (ATI, p. 285) -Cough suppression (codeine) (ATI, p. 285)

Complications Medication Administration


-Respiratory depression -Measure baseline vital signs before administration and
-Sedation, dizziness, lightheadedness, drowsiness monitor throughout therapy.
-Constipation
-Nausea, vomiting
-Administer orally, IM, IV, SC, rectally, or epidurally.
-Orthostatic hypotension -Make sure patients swallow sustained-release forms
-Urinary retention whole and do not crush or chew them.
-Cough suppression -Administer IV opioids by diluting as recommended and
-Potential for abuse administering slowly over 4 to 5 min; have naloxone and
-Tolerance with continued use and cross tolerance with other opioids (ATI, p. 285)
resuscitation equipment available.
-Monitor PCA (patient-controlled analgesic pump) use and
pump settings carefully.
-Administer to patients with cancer on a fixed,
around-the-clock dosing schedule, not PRN. (ATI, p.
286-287)
Contraindications/Precautions
-Contraindications: Pregnancy risk category D (long-term use, high doses, near term;
otherwise C); kidney failure; increased intracranial pressure; biliary colic; biliary tract
surgery; preterm labor
- Precautions: Schedule II controlled substance; older adults, infants; reduced respiratory Nursing Interventions
reserve; head injury; inflammatory bowel disease; prostatic enlargement; hypotension;
hepatic or kidney disease (ATI, p. 286) -Monitor vital signs and auscultate lungs
-For respiratory rates below 12 per min, withhold the
drug, stimulate breathing, and administer an opioid
antagonist if indicated; naloxone to restore respiratory
rate
-Monitor patients when ambulating to prevent injury
-Encourage fiber supplements, stool softeners
-Monitor intake and output, watching for signs of
Interactions urinary retention (bladder distention)
-Encourage patients to urinate every 4 hr
-CNS depressants (barbiturates, phenobarbital, benzodiazepines, alcohol) increase CNS depression -Prepare to insert a urinary catheter to drain the
-Anticholinergic agents, such as antihistamines, and tricyclic antidepressants increase anticholinergic bladder (ATI, p. 286-287)
effects (constipation, urinary retention)
-MAOIs can cause hyperpyrexic coma (excitation, seizures, respiratory depression) with meperidine
(Demerol)
-Antihypertensives increase hypotensive effects
-St. John’s wort can increase sedation (ATI, p. 286)

Client Education
-Take the drug only when needed and short-term
-Do not take prior to driving or activities requiring
mental alertness
Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness -Sit or lie down if feeling lightheaded
-Change positions gradually
-Increase fluid and fiber intake; activity and exercise
- Relief of moderate to severe pain -Take the drug with food or milk (oral forms)
-Cough suppression -Sit or lie down if feeling lightheaded.
-Rise slowly from a reclining or sitting position
-Resolution of diarrhea (ATI, p. 287) -Report any inability to urinate or difficulty urinating
-Cough regularly to clear secretions from the throat
and chest (ATI, p. 286-287)

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES Downloaded by Tommie Waiters ([email protected]) THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURE A7

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