CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION

FOR
ASPHALTIC CONCRETE ROADS

A
A APPROVED FOR CONSTRUCTION^^^^^^J • y
JSS
11-MAY-S3 ISSUED FOR APPROVAL GFH MJS KWH KJSS

A
CCW

22-MAR-S3 I S S U E D F O R REVIEW GFH MJS KWH

REV. DES. PROJ.
DATE STATUS BY CHKD ENCR. ftPPR.
NO. SUPV. ENCR.

MARAVEN
C O N T R A C T NO.
M A R A V E N REFINERY EXPANSION PROJECT
MRE-B-001-1 MARAVEN, S.A.
BECHTEL
JOB NO.
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION
FOR
21810
ASPHALTIC CONCRETE ROADS
JANTESA CAT.ID, C.10 UNIT. 33.000 FACILITYI SIZE.' A
JOB NO.
CAO FILE NAMEi SC AL Ei

7327 DRAVING NO.:

RCN- 2 1 7 6 3 8 SHEET, 1 OF 18 REV: 0

 TABLE OF CQNTENTS
PAGE

1.0 SCOPE 3

2.0 RELATED CODES, STANDARDS, AND SPECTFICATIONS 4

3.0 GENERAL 7

4. 0 MATERIALS 7

5.0 PLACEMENT LIMITATIONS 10

6.0 EQUIPMENT 11

7.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODS - PRIME COAT 11

8.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODS - TACK COAT 12

9.0 CONSTRUCTION^ METHODS - ASPHALT SURFACE COURSE 13

10.0 TESTING 16

S P E C I F I C A T I O N NO. RCN-217638 REV 0 2 OF 18

 1.0 SCOPE
í-y. --\
1.1 The w o r k covered by t h i s specification consists of
furnishing a l l labor, equipment and m a t e r i a l s and
performing a l l operations required f o r t h e construction
of asphalt concrete paving.

1.2 Definitions

1.2.1 The t e r m ' s h a l l ' used i n t h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n

s h a l l be u n d e r s t o o d as m a n d a t o r y a n d t h e t e r m
• s h o u l d ' u s e d i n t h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n s h a l l be
u n d e r s t o o d a s s t r o n g l y recommended.

1.2.2 The t e r m 'PRINCIPAL• u s e d i n t h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n

s h a l l be u n d e r s t o o d as b e i n g t h e p a r t y w h i c h
i n i t i a t e s t h e p r o j e c t and u l t i m a t e l y pays f o r
i t s d e s i g n a n d c o n s t r u c t i o n . The PRINCIPAL w i l l
generally specify t h e technical requirements.
The PRINCIPAL may a l s o i n c l u d e a n a g e n t o r
consultant, authorized to act f o r the
PRINCIPAL.

1.2.3 * The term • CONTRACTOR * used i n this

s p e c i f i c a t i o n s h a l l be u n d e r s t o o d a s b e i n g t h e
party which c a r r i e s o u t a l l o r p a r t o f t h e
design, engineering, procurement, c o n s t r u c t i o n
and c o m m i s s i o n i n g f o r t h i s p r o j e c t , a n d i s t h e
issuing party of this specification.

1.2.4 The term 'SUBCONTRACTOR» used in this

s p e c i f i c a t i o n s h a l l be u n d e r s t o o d as b e i n g t h e
p a r t y ( i e s ) w h i c h p e r f o r m s t h e work scope o f
this specification.

1.3 Construction Sequence

The work described i n this specification shall be

p e r f o r m e d as f o l l o w s :

• The f i r s t s t e p s h a l l c o n s i s t o f t h e p r e p a r a t i o n o f
the subgrade, i n c l u d i n g t h e compaction o f e x i s t i n g
i n - s i t u s o i l and t h e placement and c o m p a c t i o n o f
fill m a t e r i a l , i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h Spec. No. RCN-
217636

• A p r i m e c o a t s h a l l be a p p l i e d .

• A h o t - l a i d asphaltic concrete base c o u r s e shall be

p l a c e d and c o m p a c t e d .

• A tack c o a t s h a l l be a p p l i e d .

SPECIFICATION NO. RCN-217638 REV 0 3 OF 18

 A h o t - l a i d asphaltic concrete s u r f a c e course shall
be p l a c e d and c o m p a c t e d .

2.0 RELATED COPES. STANDARDS, AND SPECIFICATIONS

I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e requirements designated elsewhere i n t h i s

s p e c i f i c a t i o n , t h e design, materials, f a b r i c a t i o n , testing,
and i n s t a l l a t i o n o f t h e e q u i p m e n t , m a t e r i a l s , and s e r v i c e s
s p e c i f i e d h e r e i n s h a l l be i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h t h e f o l l o w i n g
codes and s t a n d a r d s :

2.1 N a t i o n a l Codes and S p e c i f i c a t i o n s

2.1.1 ASTM - American Society f o r Testing and

Materials:

C 29-90 T e s t Method f o r U n i t Weight and V o i d s

i n Aggregate

C 88-90 Test Method f o r Soundness of

A g g r e g a t e s b y Use o f Sodium S u l f a t e
o r Magnesium S u l f a t e

C «117-90 T e s t M e t h o d f o r M a t e r i a l F i n e r Than
75 - microns (No. 200) S i e v e i n
M i n e r a l Aggregates by Washing

C 131-89 Test Methods f o r Resistance to

Degradation of Small-Size Coarse
A g g r e g a t e s b y Abrasión o r I m p a c t i n
t h e Los Angeles Machine

C 136A-84 M e t h o d f o r S i e v e A n a l y s i s o f F i n e and
Coarse A g g r e g a t e s

D 75-87 P r a c t i c e f o r Sampling Aggregates

D 140-88 Methods for Sampling Bituminous

Materials

D 242-85 Specification f o r Mineral F i l l e r for

Bituminous Paving M i x t u r e s

D 546-88 Method f o r Sieve A n a l y s i s o f M i n e r a l

F i l l e r f o r Road a n d P a v i n g M a t e r i a l s

D 977-91 Specification f o r Emulsified Asphalt

D 979-89 Methods f o r Sampling Bituminous

Paving M i x t u r e s

D 1188-89 T e s t Method f o r B u l k S p e c i f i c G r a v i t y
and D e n s i t y o f Compacted B i t u m i n o u s

S P E C I F I C A T I O N NO. RCN-217638 REV 0 4 OF 18

 Mixtures Using Paraffin-Coated
Specimens

D 1559-89 T e s t M e t h o d f o r R e s i s t a n c e t o Plástic
Flow o f B i t u m i n o u s Mixtures Using
Marshall Apparatus

D 2026-79 S p e c i f i c a t i o n Cut-Back A s p h a l t (Slow-

C u r i n g Type)

D 2027-86 Specification f o r Cut-Back Asphalt

( M e d i u m - C u r i n g Type)

D 2028-86 Specification f o r Cut-Back Asphalt

( R a p i d - C u r i n g Type)

D 2172-88 Test Method for Quantitative

E x t r a c t i o n o f Bitumen from Bituminous
Paving Mixtures

D 2397-91 Specification f o r Cationic Emulsified

Asphalt

D 2419-91 T e s t M e t h o d f o r Sand E q u i v a l e n t Valué

* o f S o i l s and F i n e A g g r e g a t e

D 2489-84 T e s t Method f o r Degree o f P a r t i c l e

Coating of Bituminous-Aggregate
Mixtures

D 2726-90 Test Method f o r B u l k S p e c i f i c G r a v i t y

of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures
U s i n g S a t u r a t e d S u r f a c e - D r y Specimens

2.1.2 AASHTO - A m e r i c a n A s s o c i a t i o n o f S t a t e Highway

and T r a n s p o r t a t i o n O f f i c i a l s

M 81-90 Specification f o r Cut-Back Asphalt

( R a p i d C u r i n g Type)

M 82-75 Specification for Cut-Back Asphalt

(Médium C u r i n g Type)

M 140-88 Specification f o r Emulsified Asphalt

M 208-87 Specification f o r Cationic Emulsified

Asphalt
M 226-80 Specification f o r Viscosity Graded
A s p h a l t Cement

T 2-91 Methods o f Sampling Stone, Slag,

G r a v e l , Sand, and S t o n e B l o c k f o r Use
as H i g h w a y M a t e r i a l s

S P E C I F I C A T I O N NO. RCN-217 638 REV 0 OF 18

 T 11-91 M e t h o d o f T e s t f o r Amount o f M a t e r i a l
Finer Than 0.075 mm sieve in
Aggregate

T 19-91 Method o f T e s t f o r U n i t Weight and

Voids i n Aggregate

T 27-91 Method o f T e s t f o r S i e v e A n a l y s i s o f
F i n e and C o a r s e A g g r e g a t e s

T 30-87 Method of Test for Mechanical

Analysis of Extracted Aggregate

T 37-91 Method o f T e s t f o r S i e v e A n a l y s i s o f
Mineral F i l l e r

T 40-78 Method of Sampling Bituminous

Materials

T 96-91 Method o f Test f o r Resistance t o

Abrasión of Small Size Coarse
A g g r e g a t e by Use o f t h e Los A n g e l e s
Machine

Tfl04-91 Method of Test f o r Soundness of

A g g r e g a t e by Use o f Sodium S u l f a t e o r
Magnesium S u l f a t e

T 164-91 Method of Test for Quantitative

E x t r a c t i o n o f Bitumen from Bituminous
Paving M i x t u r e s

T 168-91 Methods o f S a m p l i n g Bituminous Paving

Mixtures

T 176-86 M e t h o d o f T e s t f o r Plástic F i n e s i n
Graded A g g r e g a t e s and S o i l s by Use o f
t h e Sand E q u i v a l e n t T e s t

T 195-67 Method o f T e s t f o r D e t e r m i n i n g Degree

o f Partióle C o a t i n g o f B i t u m i n o u s -
Aggregate M i x t u r e s

2.2 Project Specifications

RCN-217636 Specification for Site Preparation

and E a r t h w o r k

2.3 M a r a v e n Cardón E n g i n e e r i n g P r a c t i c e s

34.11.00.11 S i t e P r e p a r a t i o n and Earthwork

34.13.20.31 Roads, Paving Surfacing, Slope

P r o t e c t i o n and F e n c i n g

SPECIFICATION NO. RCN-217638 REV 0 6 OF 18

 3.1 Areas o f t h e permanent work r e q u i r i n g compacted a s p h a l t
concrete paving are indicated on t h e d r a w i n g s . The
asphalt paving shall consist o f an a s p h a l t concrete
s u r f a c e c o u r s e o v e r an a s p h a l t i c c o n c r e t e b a s e c o u r s e and
a prepared subgrade. The s u b g r a d e , including fill
m a t e r i a l and compaction, s h a l l comply w i t h S p e c i f i c a t i o n
No. RCN-217 63 6. The s u r f a c e o f t h e p r e p a r e d subgrade
s h a l l be p r i m e d as s p e c i f i e d b e l o w p r i o r t o c o n s t r u c t i n g
the asphaltic c o n c r e t e base c o u r s e . Asphalt b a s e and
s u r f a c e c o u r s e f o r s u c h áreas s h a l l c o n s i s t o f a m i x t u r e
o f coarse and f i n e aggregate w i t h o r w i t h o u t m i n e r a l
f i l l e r , u n i f o r m l y mixed w i t h a s p h a l t cement, t h e n p l a c e d
and compacted i n accordance w i t h t h i s specification.
A s p h a l t s u r f a c e c o u r s e s h a l l be c o n s t r u c t e d i n one l a y e r
t o conform t o t h e l i n e s , grades, t h i c k n e s s e s , and t y p i c a l
c r o s s s e c t i o n s shown o n t h e d r a w i n g s .

3.2 The s u r f a c e t y p e t o be u s e d i n c o n s t r u c t i n g t h e a s p h a l t
c o u r s e s h a l l be a s s p e c i f i e d on t h e d r a w i n g s a n d s h a l l
c o n f o r m t o t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f t h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n . When
t h e s u r f a c e t y p e i s n o t s p e c i f i e d , any o f t h e a s p h a l t
surface types listed under Section 4.0 of this
s p e c i f i c a t i o n may be u s e d i n c o n s t r u c t i n g t h e surface
course.

3.3 A testing laboratory approved by t h e C o n t r a c t o r s h a l l

determine a job-mix formula f o rt h e s p e c i f i e d surface
c o u r s e t y p e and s h a l l p e r f o r m t e s t i n g s p e c i f i e d below.
The job-mix formula f o r t h e s p e c i f i e d surface course
t y p e , w h i c h s h a l l comply w i t h t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s s t i p u l a t e d
below f o r that surface type, s h a l l be s u b j e c t f o r
a p p r o v a l by t h e C o n t r a c t o r .

4.0 MATERIALS

4.1 Asphalt Primer

The g r a d e s o f l i q u i d a s p h a l t , c o n t r o l l i n g s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ,
and a p p l i c a t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e s f o rt h e asphalt primer are
g i v e n below. The g r a d e u s e d s h a l l b e s u b j e c t t o t h e
approval o f t h e Contractor

Application
Grade Specif i c a t i o n Temperatures

MC-70 ASTM D 2027, AASHTO M 82 50° - 100°C

SC-70 ASTM D 2026 50° - 100°C
MC-30 ASTM D 2027, AASHTO M 82 30° - 100°C

S P E C I F I C A T I O N NO. RCN-217638 REV 0 7 OF 18

 4.2 Sand

Sand c o v e r s h a l l be c l e a n , g r a n u l a r m i n e r a l material
m e e t i n g t h e f o l l o w i n g g r a d i n g r e q u i r e m e n t s . When t e s t e d
w i t h l a b o r a t o r y s i e v e s , 100 p e r c e n t s h a l l p a s s t h e No. 4
s i e v e a n d f r o m 0 p e r c e n t t o 2 p e r c e n t s h a l l p a s s t h e No.
200 s i e v e .

4.3 A s p h a l t Tack C o a t

A s p h a l t f o r t a c k c o a t s h a l l be e m u l s i f i e d a s p h a l t o f
g r a d e s SS-1, S S - l h , CSS-1, o r CSS-lh, d i l u t e d one p a r t
p o t a b l e w a t e r t o one p a r t e m u l s i f i e d a s p h a l t . B e f o r e
d i l u t i o n , t h e e m u l s i f i e d a s p h a l t s h a l l comply w i t h t h e
r e q u i r e m e n t s o f AASHTO M 14 0 o r M 2 08 (ASTM D 977 o r D
2397) .

4.4 A s p h a l t Cement

A s p h a l t cement f o r t h e b a s e a n d s u r f a c e c o u r s e m i x t u r e s
s h a l l be AC-10, AC-2 0, o r t h e i r e q u i v a l e n t s . The g r a d e
u s e d s h a l l b e s u b j e c t t o t h e a p p r o v a l o f t h e CONTRACTOR.
The asphalt cement m a t e r i a l shall comply with the
a p p l i c a b l e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f AASHTO M 2 2 6 .

4.5 M i n e r a l Aggregate

4.5.1 The m i n e r a l aggregate f o r the asphaltic

concrete course mixtures shall be crushed
stone, crushed g r a v e l , crushed s l a g , sharp-edge
n a t u r a l sand, m i n e r a l f i l l e r , o r a c o m b i n a t i o n
of t w o o r more o f t h e s e materials. Fifty
percent by w e i g h t o f t h e combined coarse
aggregate, other than naturally occurring
rough-textured aggregate, shall consist of
crushed pieces having one o r more faces
produced by f r a c t u r e .

4.5.2 The c o m b i n e d a g g r e g a t e a f t e r g o i n g t h r o u g h t h e
d r y e r s h a l l h a v e a s a n d e q u i v a l e n t valué o f n o t
less than 50 percent. Combinations of
aggregates t h a t have a h i s t o r y of polishing
s h a l l n o t be u s e d . C o a r s e a g g r e g a t e (material
r e t a i n e d on t h e U.S. S t a n d a r d No. 8 s i e v e )
s h a l l h a v e a p e r c e n t wear by t h e L o s A n g e l e s
abrasión m a c h i n e t e s t o f n o t more t h a n 4 0 .

4.5.3 S l a g used f o r aggregate s h a l l be a i r - c o o l e d

b l a s t f u r n a c e s l a g and s h a l l weigh n o t l e s s
than 70 l b / f t . 3

4.5.4 Mineral f i l l e r shall meet t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s o f

ASTM D 2 4 2 .

SPECIFICATION NO. RCN-217638 REV 0 8 OF 18

 4.6 Asphalt-Aggreqate Mixtures

S u r f a c e C o u r s e Types and C o m p o s i t i o n a r e as follows;

4.6.1 A s p h a l t i c Concrete Base C o u r s e

a) The j o b - m i x f o r m u l a f o r t h e a s p h a l t - a g g r e g a t e
base course mixture shall be within the
following limits:

T o t a l Percent
Sieve Size P a s s i n q , By W e i q h t
1 Inch 100
3/4 I n c h 90 - 100
3/8 I n c h 60 - 80
No. 4 35 - 65
No. 40 3 - 2 0
No. 200 2 - 8

Asphalt Content: 4 - 9 Percent By W e i g h t o f

T o t a l Mix

b) The a s p h a l t - a g g r e g a t e b a s e c o u r s e m i x t u r e s h a l l
meet t h e f o l l o w i n g t e s t c r i t e r i a :

Number o f C o m p a c t i o n B l o w s ,
Each End o f Specimen 75

S t a b i l i t y (Marshall) 1500 I b Minimum

Flow ( M a r s h a l l ) 8-16

Air Voids 3 - 5 percent

Voids i n Mineral Aggregate 14 percent

4.6.2 A s p h a l t i c Concrete Surface Course

a) The job-mix formula f o r the asphalt-

a g g r e g a t e s u r f a c e c o u r s e m i x t u r e s h a l l be
within the following limits:

T o t a l Percent
Sieve Size P a s s i n q , By W e i q h t
1/2 I n c h 100
3/8 I n c h 80 - 100
No. 4 55 - 70
No. 8 40 - 55
No. 4 0 15 - 30
No. 200 2 - 9

Asphalt Content: 4 1 / 2 - 9 1/2 % by W e i g h t o f

T o t a l Mix

S P E C I F I C A T I O N NO. RCN-217638 REV 0 OF 18

 b) The asphalt-aggregate surface course
mixture shall meet t h e following test
criteria:

Number o f C o m p a c t i o n B l o w s ,
Each End o f S p e c i m e n 75

Stability (Marshall) 1500 I b Minimum

Flow ( M a r s h a l l ) 8-16

A i r Voids 3-5 percent

Voids i n M i n e r a l Aggregate 15 percent

4.6.3 Tolerances

The following tolerances for the job-mix

f o r m u l a s h a l l be a l l o w e d p e r single test:

Passinq Sieve Percent

1/2 I n c h and Larger + 8

3/8 I n c h and No. 4 +7

No. 8 and No. 16 +6

No. 3 0 and No. 50 +5

No. 100 + 4

No. 200 + 3

Asphalt Content, Weight

Percent of T o t a l Mixture: + 0.5

5.0 PLACEMENT LIMITATIONS

5.1 Prime Coat

Primer shall not be placed when general weather

c o n d i t i o n s are not s u i t a b l e .

5.2 A s p h a l t i c Concrete Courses

A s p h a l t s u r f a c e c o u r s e m i x t u r e s h a l l be p l a c e d o n l y when
t h e s p e c i f i e d d e n s i t y can be o b t a i n e d . Precautions shall
be t a k e n t o c o m p a c t t h e m i x t u r e b e f o r e i t c o o l s t o o much
t o o b t a i n t h e r e q u i r e d d e n s i t y . The m i x t u r e s h a l l n o t be
p l a c e d on any w e t s u r f a c e o r when w e a t h e r c o n d i t i o n s w i l l
otherwise prevent i t s proper handling or f i n i s h i n g .

SPECIFICATION NO. RCN-217638 REV 0 10 OF 18

 6.0 EQUIPMENT

6.1 Prime Coat

E q u i p m e n t u s e d s h a l l i n c l u d e a p o w e r broom, a power
blower, o r both; mechanical o r s e l f - p r o p e l l e d aggregate
s p r e a d i n g e q u i p m e n t t h a t c a n be a d j u s t e d t o u n i f o r m l y
spread t h e sand cover; a pressure d i s t r i b u t o r ; and
equipment f o r h e a t i n g t h e a s p h a l t i c m a t e r i a l .

6.2 Asphalt Surface Course

Equipment f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n o f t h e a s p h a l t s u r f a c e course
s h a l l include: asphalt mixing p l a n t ; self-powered pavers;
smooth metal-bedded haul trucks with covers when
r e q u i r e d ; pressure d i s t r i b u t o r ; steel-wheeled, pneumatic-
tired, o r v i b r a t i n g r o l l e r s capable o f a t t a i n i n g t h e
r e q u i r e d d e n s i t y a n d s m o o t h n e s s ; power broom o r power
blower.

7.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODS - PRIME COAT

7.1 Genera^

The área t o r e c e i v e a s p h a l t p r i m e r s h a l l b e s u b s t a n t i a l l y
t r u e t o l i n e and grade. I t s h a l l have a d r y , f i r m , and
properly prepared surface before priming operations
b e g i n . Loóse a n d f o r e i g n m a t e r i a l s h a l l b e r e m o v e d .

7.2 Asphalt Primer A p p l i c a t i o n

7.2.1 The a p p r o x i m a t e a p p l i c a t i o n r a t e o f a s p h a l t
p r i m e r i s 0.9 - 2.3 l i t e r s p e r s q . m e t e r ( 0 . 2 0
- 0.50 g a l l o n s p e r s q u a r e y a r d ) . The j o b
a p p l i c a t i o n r a t e o f a s p h a l t p r i m e r s h a l l be
s u c h t h a t t h e amount a p p l i e d w i l l be c o m p l e t e l y
absorbed by t h e s u r f a c e b e i n g t r e a t e d i n a
p e r i o d o f 24 h o u r s .

7.2.2 A p p l i c a t i o n o f a s p h a l t p r i m e r s h a l l be made
uniformly w i t h a pressure d i s t r i b u t o r . The
asphalt primer s h a l l be a p p l i e d w i t h i n t h e
temperature ranges specified i n this
specification. When heating i s required,
precautions shall be t a k e n t o avoid fire
hazard.

7.2.3 A p p l i c a t i o n s h a l l be made o n l y when t h e s u r f a c e

i s d r y o r s l i g h t l y damp.

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 7.2.4 Before beginning application, building paper
s h a l l be s p r e a d o v e r t h e s u r f a c e f r o m t h e j o i n t
back f o r a s u f f i c i e n t d i s t a n c e f o r t h e spray
b a r t o b e g i n s p r a y i n g a n d be o p e r a t i n g a t f u l l
forcé when t h e surface t o be t r e a t e d i s
reached. A f t e r t h e asphalt i s applied, t h e
b u i l d i n g p a p e r s h a l l be removed a n d d e s t r o y e d .

7.2.5 The s p r a y b a r s h a l l be s h u t o f f i n s t a n t a n e o u s l y
a t each c o n s t r u c t i o n j o i n t t o a s s u r e a s t r a i g h t
l i n e and t h e f u l l a p p l i c a t i o n o f a s p h a l t p r i m e
up to the joint. I f necessary t o prevent
d r i p p i n g , a d r i p p a n s h a l l be i n s e r t e d u n d e r
t h e n o z z l e when t h e a p p l i c a t i o n i s s t o p p e d .

7.2.6 A hand s p r a y s h a l l be u s e d t o a p p l y primer

material necessary to touch up spots
unavoidably missed by t h e d i s t r i b u t o r .

7.2.7 A f t e r application o f t h e asphalt primer a t

l e a s t 24 h o u r s s h a l l l a p s e b e f o r e a p p l y i n g t h e
* sand cover i f such cover i s r e q u i r e d .

7.3 Sand C o v e r A p p l i c a t i o n

7.3.1 I f t h e a s p h a l t p r i m e r h a s n o t been c o m p l e t e l y
absorbed by t h e t r e a t e d s u r f a c e twenty-four
h o u r s a f t e r a p p l i c a t i o n , s u f f i c i e n t sand s h a l l
be s p r e a d o v e r t h e s u r f a c e w i t h a m e c h a n i c a l
spreader t o b l o t up t h e excess a s p h a l t .

7.3.2 Before p l a c i n g an a s p h a l t s u r f a c e course o r

s u r f a c e t r e a t m e n t , loóse s a n d s h a l l be s w e p t
from t h e primed s u r f a c e .

8.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODS - TACK COAT

8.1 A f t e r t h e c o n t a c t s u r f a c e h a s been t h o r o u g h l y c l e a n e d o f
a l l d e l e t e r i o u s m a t e r i a l s , t h e base c o u r s e s u r f a c e s h a l l
r e c e i v e a t a c k c o a t o f 0.25 - 0.70 l i t e r s / m (0.05-0.15
2

gal/yd 2 ) o f d i l u t e d e m u l s i f i e d a s p h a l t o f t h e t y p e and
g r a d e d e s i g n a t e d a b o v e . The t a c k c o a t s h a l l be u n i f o r m i n
t h i c k n e s s , s h a l l c o v e r a l l t h e c o n t a c t s u r f a c e área, and
s h a l l n o t be o v e r s p r a y e d .

8.2 The t a c k c o a t s h a l l be a l l o w e d t o c u r e b e f o r e p l a c i n g t h e
a s p h a l t surface course.

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 8.3 The t a c k c o a t s h a l l be a p p l i e d on o n l y a s much base as
can be c o v e r e d w i t h a s p h a l t s u r f a c e m i x t u r e i n t h e same
day.

9.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODS - ASPHALT CONCRETE COURSES

9.1 General

9.1.1 The área t o be p a v e d s h a l l be s u b s t a n t i a l l y

t r u e t o l i n e and grade. I t s h a l l have a d r y ,
firm, and p r o p e r l y prepared surface before
paving operations begin. Loóse and f o r e i g n
m a t e r i a l s h a l l be removed.

9.1.2 P r i o r t o t h e a s p h a l t i c c o n c r e t e base course

p l a c e m e n t , t h e p r e p a r e d s u r f a c e s h a l l be p r i m e d
i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h S e c t i o n 7.2.

9.1.3 P r i o r t o t h e a s p h a l t i c concrete surface course

placement, t h e s u r f a c e s h a l l have a t a c k c o a t
a p p l i e d i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h S e c t i o n 8.0.

9.2 Preparinq the Mixture

9.2.1 The a s p h a l t s h a l l be h e a t e d a t t h e p a v i n g p l a n t
t o a t e m p e r a t u r e a t w h i c h i t c a n be u n i f o r m l y
a p p l i e d t o t h e aggregate.

9.2.2 Coarse and f i n e a g g r e g a t e s s h a l l be s t o r e d

s e p a r a t e l y a t t h e p a v i n g p l a n t i n a manner t h a t
w i l l p r e v e n t i n t e r m i n g l i n g . S t o c k p i l e s s h a l l be
b u i l t i n a manner t h a t w i l l p r e v e n t s e g r e g a t i o n
of aggregate s i z e s . I ft h e aggregate tends t o
s e g r e g a t e d u r i n g h a n d l i n g i t s h a l l be s u p p l i e d
and s t o c k p i l e d i n t w o o r more s i z e s .

9.2.3 When n e c e s s a r y t o b l e n d a g g r e g a t e s f r o m one o r

more s o u r c e s t o p r o d u c e t h e c o m b i n e d g r a d a t i o n ,
each c o u r s e o r s i z e o f a g g r e g a t e s h a l l be
stockpiled individually. Aggregate from t h e
individual stockpiles shall be f e d t h r o u g h
sepárate b i n s t o t h e c o l d e l e v a t o r f e e d e r s a n d
s h a l l n o t be b l e n d e d i n t h e s t o c k p i l e .

9.2.4 C o l d a g g r e g a t e s s h a l l be f e d c a r e f u l l y t o t h e
p l a n t so t h a t s u r p l u s e s and s h o r t a g e s w i l l n o t
occur and cause breaks disrupting the
continuous operation.

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 The a g g r e g a t e s h a l l be d r i e d a n d h e a t e d t o
provide a paving mixture temperature
i m m e d i a t e l y a f t e r m i x i n g o f 100°C - 165°C, b a s e d
on t h e a s p h a l t cement u s e d .

9.2.6 H e a t e d d r i e d a g g r e g a t e s s h a l l be s c r e e n e d and
s t o r e d i n s i z e s t h a t may e a s i l y be r e c o m b i n e d
i n t o a gradation meeting t h e requirements of
the job-mix formula.

9.2.7 The h e a t e d and d r i e d aggregates shall not

c o n t a i n enough m o i s t u r e t o c a u s e t h e m i x t u r e t o
s l u m p , t h e a s p h a l t t o foam, o r t h e a g g r e g a t e t o
s e g r e g a t e d u r i n g h a u l i n g and p l a c i n g .

9.2.8 M i x i n g t i m e s h a l l be t h e s h o r t e s t t i m e that
w i l l p r o d u c e a s a t i s f a c t o r y m i x t u r e . I t w i l l be
e s t a b l i s h e d b y t h e t e s t i n g l a b o r a t o r y b a s e d on
the procedure f o r determining t h e percentage of
coated p a r t i c l e s described i n 7AASHT0 T 195
(ASTM D 2 4 8 9 ) .

The m i x i n g t i m e s f o r s u r f a c e c o u r s e m i x t u r e s
* w i l l be s e t t o a c h i e v e 95 p e r c e n t o f c o a t e d
p a r t i c l e s f o r d e n s e a g g r e g a t e a n d 90 p e r c e n t o f
c o a t e d p a r t i c l e s f o r honeycombed a g g r e g a t e .

9.2.9 For batch p l a n t s , d r y m i x i n g time i f required

s h a l l n o t e x c e e d 50 s e c o n d s .

9.2.10 For continuous mix p l a n t s , t h e m i x i n g t i m e will

be c o m p u t e d by t h e f o l l o w i n g f o r m u l a .

Pugmill dead capacity, kg

Mix. time,seconds =
Pugmill output, kg/sec

M i x i n g t i m e s h a l l n o t e x c e e d 60 s e c o n d s .

9.3 P l a c i n g t h e Mix

The a s p h a l t i c c o n c r e t e c o u r s e m i x t u r e s h a l l be p l a c e d
w i t h an a s p h a l t p a v e r t o p r o v i d e t h e c o u r s e t h i c k n e s s
s p e c i f i e d on t h e d r a w i n g s . The base a n d s u r f a c e c o u r s e s
s h a l l be l a i d i n a s i n g l e l i f t e a c h a n d c o m p a c t e d t o
r e q u i r e d u n i f o r m d e n s i t y and s m o o t h n e s s . P l a c i n g t h e
m i x t u r e s h a l l be a c o n t i n u o u s o p e r a t i o n . I r r e g u l a r i t i e s
shall be c o r r e c t e d before final compaction of the
mixture.
m
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 9.4 Compacting t h e Mix

The m i x s h a l l be c o m p a c t e d i m m e d i a t e l y a f t e r placing.
I n i t i a l r o l l i n g w i t h a s t e e l - w h e e l tándem r o l l e r , steel
three-wheeled r o l l e r , v i b r a t o r y r o l l e r , o r a pneumatic-
tired roller shall follow t h e p a v e r a s c l o s e l y as
possible. I f needed, intermedíate rolling with a
p n e u m a t i c - t i r e d r o l l e r s h a l l be done i m m e d i a t e l y b e h i n d
t h e i n i t i a l r o l l i n g . F i n a l r o l l i n g s h a l l elimínate m a r k s
f r o m p r e v i o u s r o l l i n g . I n áreas t o o s m a l l f o r t h e r o l l e r ,
a v i b r a t i n g píate c o m p a c t o r o r a h a n d t a m p e r s h a l l be
used t o achieve t h o r o u g h compaction.

9.5 Acceptance Requirements

9.5.1 Density

T a r g e t d e n s i t y w i l l be d e t e r m i n e d b y t a k i n g ,
for each l o t , t h e average d e n s i t y o f s i x
l a b o r a t o r y - p r e p a r e d specimens r e p r e s e n t i n g t w o
sub s a m p l e s ( a p p r o x i m a t e l y 10 k g e a c h ) c h o s e n
on a r a n d o m b a s i s , t a k e n f r o m t r u c k s d e l i v e r i n g
« m i x t u r e t o t h e j o b s i t e . By q u a r t e r i n g , e a c h
sub s a m p l e s h a l l be r e d u c e d t o o b t a i n t h r e e
sample units, each of sufficient weight
( a p p r o x i m a t e l y 1.2 k g ) t o p r e p a r e a s p e c i m e n
a p p r o x i m a t e l y 60 mm (2 1/2 i n c h e s ) i n h e i g h t .
The s p e c i m e n s w i l l be c o m p a c t e d i n a c c o r d a n c e
w i t h " C o m p a c t i o n o f S p e c i m e n s " i n ASTM D 1 5 5 9 ,
except t h a t t h e temperature of t h e mixture
i m m e d i a t e l y b e f o r e compacting o f t h e specimens
shall be within t h e range specified i n
Paragraph 7.2.5 o f t h i s s p e c i f i c a t i o n . The
s a m p l e o f m i x t u r e c a n be p l a c e d i n a n o v e n f o r
n o t more t h a n 3 0 m i n u t e s t o m a i n t a i n t h e h e a t ,
b u t i t s h a l l n o t be r e h e a t e d i f i t c o o l s b e f o r e
use. The c o m p a c t i n g a p p a r a t u s shall be i n
a c c o r d a n c e w i t h ASTM D 1559.

9.5.1.2 Acceptance o f t h e compacted pavement

d e n s i t y w i l l be b a s e d on t h e a v e r a g e o f
f i v e d e n s i t y d e t e r m i n a t i o n s f o r each l o t
of a s p h a l t m i x t u r e p l a c e d . Cores d r i l l e d
f r o m t h e s u r f a c e c o u r s e w i l l be u s e d t o
t e s t t h e d e n s i t y o f t h e pavement by e i t h e r
ASTM D 1188 o r ASTM D 2726, w h i c h e v e r i s
applicable. Each l o t o f t h e compacted
s u r f a c e w i l l be a c c e p t e d when t h e a v e r a g e
of the five density determinations i s
e q u a l t o o r g r e a t e r t h a n 97 p e r c e n t , and
when no i n d i v i d u a l d e t e r m i n a t i o n i s l o w e r
t h a n 95 p e r c e n t , o f t h e a v e r a g e d e n s i t y o f
the s i x l a b o r a t o r y prepared specimens.

SPECIFICATION NO. RCN~217638 REV 0 15 OF 18

 Material samples will be t e s t e d for the
requirements o f Section 4 by t h e a p p l i c a b l e
methods s p e c i f i e d below.

10.2.2 Asphalt

A s p h a l t m a t e r i a l s w i l l be t e s t e d b y t h e t e s t
m e t h o d s o f AASHTO d e s i g n a t e d i n t h e a p p l i c a b l e
a s p h a l t s p e c i f i c a t i o n . I f a n AASHTO m e t h o d o f
t e s t procedure i s n o t a v a i l a b l e , t h e equivalent
ASTM m e t h o d w i l l be u s e d .

10.2.3 Sand

S i e v e a n a l y s i s o f sand c o v e r m a t e r i a l s h a l l be
i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h AASHTO T 27 o r ASTM C 13 6.

10.2.4 M i n e r a l Aggregates

M i n e r a l a g g r e g a t e s w i l l b e t e s t e d b y one o r
more o f t h e f o l l o w i n g m e t h o d s o f t e s t o f AASHTO
o r ASTM:

Characteristic T e s t Method
AASHTO ASTM

Amount o f M a t e r i a l F i n e r
t h a n No. 200 S i e v e i n T 11 C 117
Aggregate

U n i t Weight o f Aggregate T 19 C 29

Sieve A n a l y s i s , F i n e and

Coarse Aggregates T 27 C 136

Sieve A n a l y s i s o f M i n e r a l
Filler T 37 D 546
Abrasión o f C o a r s e
Aggregate, Los Angeles
Machine T 96 C 131
Soundness o f A g g r e g a t e s T 104 C 88

Plástic F i n e s i n Graded
Aggregates and S o i l s by
use o f Sand E q u i v a l e n t T e s t T 176 D 2419

10.2.5 Asphalt-Aggregate Mixture

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 2. 5.1 The a s p h a l t - a g g r e g a t e mixture will be
t e s t e d f o r a s p h a l t c o n t e n t b y AASHTO T 164
(ASTM D 2171) . The m i x t u r e w i l l b e t e s t e d
for compliance with aggregate grading
r e q u i r e m e n t s b y AASHTO T 3 0 .

10.2.5.2 I f t h e m i x t u r e i s produced i n a mixing

plant having automatic controls and a
p r i n t o u t system and t h e c o n t r o l s a r e i n
proper calibration, asphalt content
compliance will be determined from
recorded data. Hot B i n Analysis together
w i t h b a t c h w e i g h t r e a d o u t d a t a w i l l be
used t o d e t e r m i n e c o m p o s i t i o n compliance.

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