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Murillo, Arniel V. BSN 2-A: Dyslexia

Dyslexia is a lifelong condition that impacts reading accuracy and fluency. It is caused by brain differences and genetics, affecting 5-17% of children. Signs include trouble with phonological awareness, decoding words, and reading comprehension. Dyslexia can impact other skills like spelling, writing, and math. It is not related to intelligence and children do not outgrow it, but supports exist to help those with dyslexia succeed.

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75 views4 pages

Murillo, Arniel V. BSN 2-A: Dyslexia

Dyslexia is a lifelong condition that impacts reading accuracy and fluency. It is caused by brain differences and genetics, affecting 5-17% of children. Signs include trouble with phonological awareness, decoding words, and reading comprehension. Dyslexia can impact other skills like spelling, writing, and math. It is not related to intelligence and children do not outgrow it, but supports exist to help those with dyslexia succeed.

Uploaded by

Dhen Marc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Murillo, Arniel V.

BSN 2-A

DYSLEXIA

Kids with dyslexia have trouble reading accurately and fluently. They may also have
trouble with reading comprehension, spelling, and writing. Dyslexia is a lifelong condition that
makes it difficult for people to read. It’s very common, although it’s not clear what percentage
of kids have it. Some experts believe the number is between 5 and 10 percent. Others say as
many as 17 percent of people show signs of reading challenges. The reason for the wide
range is that experts may define dyslexia in different ways.

Dyslexia is mainly a problem with reading accurately and fluently. Kids with dyslexia
may have trouble answering questions about something they’ve read. But when it’s read to
them, they may have no difficulty at all.

Dyslexia can create difficulty with other skills, too. These include:
 Reading comprehension
 Spelling
 Writing
 Math

People sometimes believe dyslexia is a visual issue. They think of it as kids reversing


letters or writing backwards. But dyslexia is not a problem with vision or with seeing letters in
the wrong direction. It’s important to know that while dyslexia impacts learning, it’s not a
problem of intelligence. Kids with dyslexia are just as smart as their peers. Kids don’t outgrow
dyslexia. But there are supports, teaching approaches, and strategies to help them manage
their challenges and thrive in school and beyond. There are countless dyslexia success
stories, including actors, entrepreneurs, and elected officials with dyslexia.

Dyslexia Signs and Symptoms

Dyslexia impacts people in varying degrees, so symptoms may differ from one child to
another. Generally, signs show up as problems with accuracy and fluency in reading and
spelling. But in some kids, dyslexia can impact writing, math, and language, too. A key sign of
dyslexia in kids is trouble decoding words. This is the ability to match letters to sounds and
then use that skill to read words accurately and fluently. One reason kids have difficulty
decoding is that they often struggle with a more basic language skill called phonemic
awareness.

This is the ability to recognize individual sounds in words. Trouble with this skill can
show up as early as preschool. In some kids, dyslexia isn’t picked up until later, when they
have trouble with more complex skills. These may include grammar, reading comprehension,
reading fluency, sentence structure, and more in-depth writing. Kids with dyslexia might avoid
reading, both out loud and to themselves. They may even get anxious or frustrated when
reading. This can happen even after they’ve mastered the basics of reading.

Preschooler

 Has trouble recognizing whether two words rhyme


 Struggles with taking away the beginning sound from a word
 Struggles with learning new words
 Has trouble recognizing letters and matching them to sounds

Challenges That Can Co-Occur with Dyslexia

Many kids have more than just dyslexia. There are several other learning challenges that often
co-occur with it.

Here are some conditions that often co-occur with or may be mistaken for dyslexia:

 Dyscalculia makes it hard to do math. It’s sometimes wrongly referred to as math


dyslexia or number dyslexia.
 Dysgraphia can affect a child’s ability to spell. It can also make it hard to organize
thoughts on paper. Many kids with dysgraphia also have dyslexia.
 ADHD can make it difficult to stay focused during reading and other activities. Roughly
40 percent of students with ADHD also have dyslexia. But kids with dyslexia may fidget
or act out in class because of frustration over reading, not ADHD.
 Executive functioning issues can affect different skills and areas of
learning. Executive functions include organization, flexible thinking, and working
memory.
 Slow processing speed can impact reading, as well as many other areas of learning.
Kids who struggle with processing speed are slower to take in, process, and respond to
information. That can make it harder to master basic reading skills and get the meaning
of what they’ve read.

Possible Causes of Dyslexia

Researchers haven’t yet pinpointed exactly what causes dyslexia. But they do know that genes
and brain differences play a role. Here are some of the possible causes of dyslexia:

Genes and heredity: Dyslexia often runs in families. About 40 percent of siblings of kids with
dyslexia have the same struggles with reading. As many as 49 percent of parents of kids with
dyslexia have it, too. Scientists have also found several genes linked to problems with reading
and processing language.

Brain anatomy and activity: Brain imaging studies have shown brain differences between
people with and without dyslexia. These differences occur in areas of the brain involved with
key reading skills. Those skills are knowing how sounds are represented in words and
recognizing what written words look like.

How Dyslexia Is Diagnosed


The only way to know for sure if your child has dyslexia is through a full evaluation, done  either
at school or privately. School evaluations are free. Having a diagnosis (schools call it
an identification) can lead to your child getting supports and services at school. That includes
specialized instruction in reading.

REFERENCE:
The Understood Team.(n.d.). Understanding Dyslexia. Retrieved from
https://www.understood.org/en/learning-attention-issues/child-learning-
disabilities/dyslexia/understanding-dyslexia

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