Software Verification

PROGRAM NAME: ETABS

REVISION NO.: 6

AISC-360-10 Example 002

COMPOSITE GIRDER DESIGN

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The design is checked for the composite girder shown below. The deck is 3 in.
deep with 4 ½″ normal weight (145 pcf) concrete cover with a compressive
strength of 4 ksi. The girder will not be shored during construction. The applied
loads are the weight of the structure, a 25 psf construction live load, a 10 psf
superimposed dead load and a 100 psf non-reducible service line load.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

Member Properties Loading Geometry

W24x76 P = 36K (Dead Load) Span, L = 45 ft
E = 29000 ksi P = 4.5K (SDL)
Fy = 50 ksi P = 45K (Live Load)

AISC-360-10 Example 002 - 1

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS
REVISION NO.: 6

TECHNICAL FEATURES OF ETABS TESTED

Composite beam design, including:

➢ Selection of steel section, camber and shear stud distribution
➢ Member bending capacities, at construction and in service
➢ Member deflections, at construction and in service

RESULTS COMPARISON

Independent results are referenced from Example I.2 from the AISC Design
Examples, Version 14.0.

Percent
Output Parameter ETABS Independent
Difference

Pre-composite Mu (k-ft) 622.3 622.3 0.00%

Pre-composite bMn (k-ft) 677.2 677.2 0.00%

Pre-composite Deflection (in.) 1.0 1.0 0.00%

Required Strength Mu (k-ft) 1216.3 1216.3 0.00%

Full Composite bMn (k-ft) 1480.1 1480.1 0.00%

Partial Composite bMn (k-ft) 1267.3 1267.3 0.00%

Shear Stud Capacity Qn 21.54 21.54 0.00%

Shear Stud Distribution 24, 4, 24 26, 3, 26 7.70%

Live Load Deflection (in.) 0.63 0.55 12.7%

Required Strength Vu (kip) 122.0 122.0 0.00%

Vn (k) 315.5 315.5 0.00%

AISC-360-10 Example 002 - 2

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS
REVISION NO.: 6

COMPUTER FILE: AISC-360-10 EXAMPLE 002.EDB

CONCLUSION
The ETABS results show an acceptable comparison with the independent results.
ETABS places three fewer shear studs than the AISC example because while the
beam is designed for 50% composite action in both the ETABS model and the
AISC example, the 50% of composite action is measured at different locations.
In the ETABS model, the target of 50% of composite action is achieved at the
beam mid-span which is the point of maximum positive bending moment,
whereas in the AISC example, the 50% target of composite action is achieved at
the beam third-points. The reader can check that the ETABS shear stud
distribution still provides adequate bending strength at the beam third points. The
live load deflection differs due to a difference in methodology. In the AISC
example, the live load deflection is computed based on a lower bound value of
the beam moment of inertia, whereas in ETABS, it is computed based on 75% of
the approximate value of the beam moment of inertia given by Equation (C-I3-4)
from the Commentary on the Specification for Structural Steel Buildings –
Fourteenth Edition.

AISC-360-10 Example 002 - 3

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS
REVISION NO.: 6

HAND CALCULATION

Properties:
Materials:
ASTM A572 Grade 50 Steel
E = 29,000 ksi, Fy = 50 ksi, wsteel = 490 pcf
4000 psi normal weight concrete
Ec = 3,644 ksi, fc  4 ksi, wconcrete = 145 pcf
Section:
W24x76
d = 23.9 in, bf = 8.99 in, tf = 0.68 in, tw = 0.44 in
Asteel = 22.4 in2, Isteel = 2100 in4
Deck:
tc =4 ½ in., hr = 3 in., sr =12 in., wr = 6 in.
Shear Connectors:
d = ¾ in, h =4 ½ in, Fu = 65 ksi

Design for Pre-Composite Condition:

Construction Required Flexural Strength:
 22.4 
w A •w  sq.ft .  • 490 pcf  76.2 plf
steel steel  144 

PD  (45 ft)(10 ft)(75 psf )  (50 plf )(45 ft) (0.001 kip / lb)  36kips

PL  (45 ft)(10 ft)(25 psf )  (0.001 kip/lb)  11.25 kips

1.2 wL2 L
Mu   1.2 PD  1.6 PL 
8 3
0.076 • 30 2
30
 1.2  1.2 • 36 +1.6 • 11.25  622.3 kip-ft
8 3

AISC-360-10 Example 002 - 4

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS
REVISION NO.: 6

Moment Capacity:
Lb = 10 ft
Lp = 6.78 ft
Lr = 19.5 ft
bBF = 22.6 kips
bMpx = 750 kip-ft
Cb = 1.0
b M n  Cb b M px  b BF ( Lb  Lp ) 

 1.0 750  22.6 • 10  6.78    677.2 kip-ft

Pre-Composite Deflection:
0.0762
5•
• 3604
PD L 3
5wD L 4
36.0 • 360 3
12
 nc      1.0
28EI 384 EI 28 • 29, 000 • 2,100 384 • 29, 000 • 2,100
Camber  0.8 • nc  0.8 in. which is rounded down to ¾ in.

Design for Composite Flexural Strength:

Required Flexural Strength:
P   (45 ft)(10 ft)(75 +10psf )  (50 plf)(45 ft) (0.001 kip/lb)  40.5kips
D
P  (45 ft)(10 ft)(100 psf )  (0.001 kip/lb)  45 kips
L

1.2wL2 L
Mu   (1.2 PD  1.6 PL )
8 3
1.2 • 76.22 • 30 2
30
  (1.2 • 40.5 +1.6 • 45)  1216.3 kip-ft
8 3
Full Composite Action Available Flexural Strength:
Effective width of slab:
30.0 ft
b   7.5 ft  90 in.
eff 8

AISC-360-10 Example 002 - 5

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS
REVISION NO.: 6

Resistance of steel in tension:

C  Py  As • Fy  22.4 • 50  1,120 kips controls
Resistance of slab in compression
7.5 •12
Ac  beff • tc  (beff 2) • hr  (7.5 • 12) • 4.5  • 3  540 in
2

2
C  0.85 • f 'c Ac  0.85 • 4 • 540  1836 kips
Depth of compression block within slab:
C 1,120
a   3.66 in.
0.85 • beff • f 'c 0.85 • (7.5 •12) • 4
Moment resistance of composite beam for full composite action:
a 3.66
d1  (tc  hr )   (4.5  3)   5.67 in.
2 2
 d
M    C • d  P • 
n  1 y 2
 23.9 12 
 0.9 • 1,120 • 5.67 / 12  1,120 •   1480.1 kip-ft
 2 
Partial Composite Action Available Flexural Strength:
Assume 50% composite action:
C  0.5 • Py  560 kips

Depth of compression block within slab

C 560
a   1.83 in.
0.85 • beff • f 'c 0.85 • (7.5 •12) • 4

a 1.83
d1  (tc  hr )   (4.5  3)   6.58 in.
2 2
Depth of compression block within steel section flange
Py  C 1,120  560
x   0.623 in.
2 • b f • Fy 2 • 8.99 • 50

d2  x / 2  0.311 in.

AISC-360-10 Example 002 - 6

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS
REVISION NO.: 6

M n  C • (d1  d 2 )  Py • (d3  d 2 )
  23.9 
 560 • (6.58  0.312)  1,120 •   0.312   12  1, 408 kip-ft
  2 
M n  0.9M n  0.9 •1, 408  1, 267.3 kip-ft

Shear Stud Strength:

Qn  0.5 Asa f 'c Ec  Rg Rp Asa Fu

Asa  dsa 2 4  (0.75)2 4  0.442 in 2

fc '  4 ksi

E  wc1.5 f c '  1451.5 4  3, 490 ksi

Rg = 1.0 Studs welded directly to the steel shape with the slab haunch
Rp = 0.75 Studs welded directly to the steel shape
Fu = 65 ksi
Qn  0.5 • 0.4422 4 • 3, 490  1.0 • 0.75 • 0.4422 • 65
 26.1 kips  21.54 kips controls
Shear Stud Distribution:
Qn
n
Qn
560
  26 studs from each end to the mid-span
21.54

ETABS provides 24 studs from each end to the nearest concentrated load point on
each side, and adds 4 studs between the two load points to satisfy maximum stud
spacing requirement. 24 shear studs are provided between each concentrated load
point and the nearest girder end, and the resulting ultimate bending moment capacity
provided by these 24 shear studs is 1246 kip-ft which is greater than the locally
required bending moment capacity.

AISC-360-10 Example 002 - 7

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS
REVISION NO.: 6

Live Load Deflection:

Modulus of elasticity ratio:
n  E / Ec  29, 000 / 3, 644  8.0
Transformed elastic moment of inertia assuming full composite action:

Moment Arm
Transformed from
Area Centroid Ay Ay2 I0
Element A (in2) y (in.) (in.3) (in,4) (in.4)
Slab 50.9 17.2 875 15,055 86
Deck ribs 17.0 13.45 228 3,069 13
W24x76 22.4 0 0 0 2,100
89.5 1,103 18,124 2,199

I x  I 0  Ay 2  2,199  18,124  20,323 in.4

1, 092
y  12.2 in.
89.5
2
Itr  I x  A • y  20,323  90.3 •12.22  6,831 in 4
Effective moment of inertia assuming partial composite action:
I equiv  I s  Qn Py  Itr  I s   2,100  0.5  6,831  2,100   5, 446 in 4

I eff  0.75 • I equiv  0.75 • 5, 446  4,084 in 4

PL L3 45.0 • (30 • 12)3

 LL    0.633 in.
28EI eff 28 • 29,000 • 4,084

Design for Shear Strength:

Required Shear Strength:
Pu  1.2 • PD  1.6 • PL  1.2 • 40.5  1.6 • 45  120.6 kip

AISC-360-10 Example 002 - 8

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: ETABS
REVISION NO.: 6

1.2 • w • L 1.2 • 0.076 • 30

Vu   Pu   120.6  121.2 kip-ft
2 2
Available Shear Strength:
Vn   • 0.6 • d • tw • Fy  1.0 • 0.6 • 23.9 • 0.44 • 50  315.5 kips

AISC-360-10 Example 002 - 9