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Boilers PDF

Marine boilers are one of the most important pieces of equipment aboard ships. There are two main types: Scotch boilers and water-tube boilers. Scotch boilers have hot flue gases that pass through tubes set within a water tank. Water-tube boilers circulate water through tubes heated externally by fuel burned inside the furnace. Boiler mountings include safety valves, main stop valves, vent valves, pressure gauges, water level indicators, and feed check valves.

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79 views4 pages

Boilers PDF

Marine boilers are one of the most important pieces of equipment aboard ships. There are two main types: Scotch boilers and water-tube boilers. Scotch boilers have hot flue gases that pass through tubes set within a water tank. Water-tube boilers circulate water through tubes heated externally by fuel burned inside the furnace. Boiler mountings include safety valves, main stop valves, vent valves, pressure gauges, water level indicators, and feed check valves.

Uploaded by

Junior Ochoa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Universidad Nacional Experimental Marítima del Caribe

Vicerrectorado Académico
Cátedra de Idiomas
Inglés VI. Ingeniería Marítima
Instalaciones Marinas
Unit VI. Marine Boilers
Reading

Marine Boilers
One of the most important items of equipment aboard ships is the boiler. Boilers are
used for numerous purposes.
Whether it is steam powered or has a diesel engine as the main form of propulsion, a
ship without a boiler is really difficult to imagine. A boiler, in one form or another will be
found on a ship. For example, if a ship is a steam powered ship, two or more boilers will
be provided to produce high temperature, high pressure steam. If a ship is carrying a
diesel engine as the main propulsion system, one or two smaller boilers are used for
running various ship's machinery and services. So let us find out how boilers work and
learn about their construction.

Read and order the article about how marine boilers work.

How do marine boilers work?


4 This energy of the burning fuel is stored in the form of steam with high temperature and
pressure. The fuel is burnt in a combustion chamber inside the boiler.
1 A basic boiler is a machine with the simplest arrangement of the internal parts.
6 The heat generated in this combustion chamber is transferred to the water from the
boiler drum through a large surface area, which enables the highest rate of energy transfer.
2 The main job of a boiler is to make high pressure steam.
5 To attain high efficiency and complete combustion, air is supplied to this combustion
chamber through a separate arrangement.
3 The feed water supplied to the boiler drum utilizes the heat of the energy released by
burning the fuel.
Check the order and write the text in the chart provided.

A basic boiler is a machine with the simplest arrangement of the internal parts. The
main job of a boiler is to make high pressure steam. The feed water supplied to the boiler
drum utilizes the heat of the energy released by burning the fuel. This energy of the burning
fuel is stored in the form of steam with high temperature and pressure. The fuel is burnt in a
combustion chamber inside the boiler. To attain high efficiency and complete combustion,
air is supplied to this combustion chamber through a separate arrangement. The heat
generated in this combustion chamber is transferred to the water from the boiler drum
through a large surface area, which enables the highest rate of energy transfer.
Vocabulary.
Schematic diagram of a water-tube marine-type boiler.

Complete this article with the words in the box.

exhaust gases - superheater – feedwater drum - steam drum – tubes – furnace –


downcomers - watertube – steam

A watertube boiler is a type of boiler in which water circulates in


tubes heated externally by the fire. Fuel is burned inside the _ furnace ,
creating hot gas which heats water in the steam-generating tubes. In smaller boilers,
additional generating tubes are separate in the furnace, while larger utility boilers rely on
the water-filled tubes that make up the walls of the furnace to generate steam .
The heated water then rises into steam drum . Here, saturated steam is drawn
off the top of the drum. In some services, the steam will reenter the furnace through a
superheater to become superheated. Superheated steam is defined as steam that is
heated above the boiling point at a given pressure. Superheated steam is a dry gas and
therefore used to drive turbines, since water droplets can severely damage turbine blades.
Cool water at the bottom of the steam drum returns to the feedwater drum via
large-bore 'downcomer tubes', where it pre-heats the feedwater supply (in large utility
boilers, the feedwater is supplied to the steam drum and the downcomers supply
water to the bottom of the waterwalls). To increase economy of the boiler,
exhaust gases are also used to pre-heat the air blown into the furnace and warm the
feedwater supply. Such watertube boilers in thermal power station are also called steam
generating units.
Listening.
Taking-notes.
In order to take notes we must first understand what the
spoken text is about. Comprehension can be helped a great
deal by the use of a diagram.

Study the two diagrams below before listening to the speech on boilers. This will
give you some idea of what the words mean and how the systems work.

Now, listen to the lecturer talking about boilers and then complete the activities.

Title

Two basic types: 1. Scotch boilers

2. Water-tube boilers

Scotch boilers:

Is a firetube boiler, in that hot flue gases pass through tubes set within a tank of water.

Water-tube boilers:

Is a type of boiler in which water circulates in tubes heated externally by the fire. Fuel is

burned inside the furnace, creating hot gas which heats water in the steam-generating tubes
Boiler mountings include:

Safety-valves To release excess steam

_Main stop valve_ to stop and regulate steam flow from boiler to the distribution lines

Vent Valve to vent air from steam drum during starting of boiler

Pressure Gauge to indicate steam pressure inside

Water Level
Indicator to indicate the level of water inside the boiler

A feed check valve is a non return valve type fitted on the boiler shell just
Feed Check Valve below the normal water level.

Grammar
The following verbs can be used when describing component parts, position and
connection. Study their meaning and use.

To comprise For specifying all the main parts of an object or system


Component parts To consist of
To be made up of

To contain For saying what is inside an object

To include For giving some of the objects in a group-the list often ends
with etc.

To be grouped (into) Placed together

Located Set or found in a particular place or position


Position Situated

Mounted (in, on) Put, usually on a base or stand (implied), and fixed ready
for use.

Fitted (with) Supplied and held in place, often with bolts or screws

Installed Put into place and connected up ready for use.

Connection Connected to/with Joined to or related to.

Now, read this extract taken from the speech to have an example:

The Scotch boiler consists of a cylindrical steel shell which contains a furnace at
the bottom. Two or more furnaces can be fitted, depending on the size of the boiler. The
furnace is connected to a combustion chamber, situated in the middle part of a boiler…

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