June 2009

Rev – 1.1

Photodetector Sensor Board

SP1202S03RB
User’s Guide

© 2009 National Semiconductor Corporation.

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 Table of Contents

1.0 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................3

2.0 Board Assembly ...................................................................................................................................3
3.0 Quick Start ...........................................................................................................................................3
4.0 Functional Description .........................................................................................................................5
4.1 Operational Modes.................................................................................................................5
4.1.1 The Computer Mode.........................................................................................5
4.1.2 The Stand-Alone Mode ....................................................................................5
4.2 Signal Conditioning Circuitry................................................................................................5
4.2.1 The Transimpedance Amplifier .......................................................................5
4.2.2 Light Source.......................................................................................................5
4.3 Power Supply.........................................................................................................................5
4.4 ADC Reference Circuitry.......................................................................................................5
4.5 ADC clock .............................................................................................................................6
4.6 Digital Data Output................................................................................................................6
4.7 Power Requirements and Settings..........................................................................................6
5.0 Installing and Using the Photodetector Sensor Board..........................................................................6
5.1 Board Set-up ..........................................................................................................................6
5.2 Quick Check of Analog Functions.........................................................................................6
5.3 Quick Check of Software and Computer Interface Operation ...............................................6
5.4 Troubleshooting .....................................................................................................................7
6.0 Board Specifications ............................................................................................................................7
7.0 Example Hardware Schematic .............................................................................................................8
8.0 Example Bill of Materials ....................................................................................................................9
Appendix: Summary Tables of Test Points and Connectors.....................................................................10
Summary Tables of Test Points and Connectors (cont'd) ..........................................................................11

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1.0 Introduction 2.0 Board Assembly
The Photodiode Sensor Board (SP1202S03RB), This Photodetector Sensor Board comes as a bare
along with the Sensor Signal Path Control Panel board that must be assembled. Refer to the
(Sensor Panel) software and SPUSI2 USB example Bill of Materials for a description of
Interface Dongle are designed to ease the design of component values. The values for the photodiode
circuits using various photodiodes with National’s circuit are calculated using WEBENCH Sensor
amplifiers and Analog-to-Digital converters (ADCs). Designer. The values for the LED driver are not
Use the WEBENCH® Photodiode Sensor Designer calculated by Sensor Designer.
to determine appropriate ICs and passives to
achieve your signal path requirements: 3.0 Quick Start
http://www.national.com/analog/webench/sensors/p Refer to Figure 1 for locations of test points and
hotodiode major components. This Quick Start procedure
See Figure 1 for component placement and Figure provides 5V excitation for the sensor.
2 for the example board schematic. The circuit for 1. Place the J1 jumper across pins 2 & 3. This
the photodiode sensor consists of a applies a negative 5VDC bias to the
transimpedance amplifier (current to voltage photodiode.
converter) for operation in the photoconductive
mode. Also, the board has circuitry to drive a light 2. Place the J3 jumper across pins 2 & 3. This
source (LED) which can be mounted in close sets the ADC reference voltage to 4.096VDC.
proximity to the photodiode. The LED current can 3. Place the J4 jumper across pins 2 & 3. This
be either continuous or switched with the current sets the –VCC to -5VDC. Do not use this
level adjustable using a multi turn potentiometer. setting for an Op Amp that has a VCC of 5VDC
or less.
The values for the LED driver are not calculated by
Sensor Designer. The idea here is to provide a 4. Connect the Differential Pressure Sensor Board
generic driver stage, allow the user to select a light to the SPUSI2 board via 14-pin header J2.
source and adjust the current accordingly. The light 5. Connect a USB cable between the SPUSI2
source is not included in the kit. It should be chosen board and a PC USB port. GRN LED D1 on the
to be commensurate with the photodiode Photodiode Sensor Board and D1 on the
wavelength and optical sensitivity. SPUSI2 board should come on if the PC is on.
The outputs are a voltage output for the 6. If not already installed, install the Sensor Panel
photocurrent (received optical power and a voltage software on the PC. Run the software.
output for the LED current (transmitted optical
power).

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 Figure 1. Component and Test Point Locations

J3 J1 J4 TP2 TP8 TP9 TP1

VREF Bias -VCC GND VREF CS* Analog
Select Select Select TIA Out

TP10
GND

TP14
DIN

TP13
VCC3V

J2
SPUSI2
Conn.

TP12
DOUT

TP11
SCLK

TP5
Isense +

VR1 J5 S1 TP7 TP6 TP4 TP3

Current Generator LED Generator Isense - GND Current
Adjust In On/Off In Meter
Analog
Out

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4.0 Functional Description Because the photodiode has capacitance, RF and
The Photodiode Sensor Board component and test CDIODE form a pole in the noise gain transfer
point locations are shown in Figure 1. The board function. This can create stability issues and is
schematic is shown in Figure 2. compensated for by CF. WEBENCH Sensor
Designer calculates the value of CF for a 45 0
4.1 Operational Modes phase margin to insure stability.
This board may be use in one of two modes: the 4.2.2 Light Source
Computer Mode using the SPUSI2 USB Interface
Provisions for a light source for test purposes are
Dongle or the Stand-Alone Mode without the use of
on the board.
the SPUSI2 USB Interface Dongle and a PC.
The user can select an LED with appropriate
4.1.1 The Computer Mode wavelength and output power to compliment the
The board is intended for use in the Computer photodiode selection. It may be necessary to
Mode, where a SPUSI2 board is used with it and modify component values in the LED driver to
the SPUSI2 board is connected to a PC via a USB optimize performance.
port. Power to both boards is provided via USB.
S1 is provided as an ON/OFF control for the LED
4.1.2 The Stand-Alone Mode drive circuit. It controls the gate voltage of an NCH
The Stand-Alone Mode does not use the SPUSI2 MOSFET. In the open position, the mosfet is
board to capture data and upload it to a PC. To use conducting and the current source is enabled.
the board this way, the user must provide +5V at Also connected to the gate of the mosfet is a
pin 14 of header J2 as well as provide ADC clock connector for a signal generator. A switching signal
and Chip Select signals to the ADC at pins 3 and 1, can be connected here to observe the transient
respectively, of J24. ADC data output is available at response of the transimpedance amplifier. The rise
pin 5 of J2. Test Points may also be used to times and switching frequencies are somewhat
insert/read these signals. The range of frequencies limited by the current source components and the
for the ADC clock is 500KHZ to 1 MHz. The CS rate mosfet switch so the user may want to install
can be as low as desired, as but no faster than 17 different components to achieve higher
times the ADC clock rate. performance for the current source in this mode.

4.2 Signal Conditioning Circuitry The current source consists of U3, Q1, VR1 and
R7. The op amp will make sure the voltage at the
The output of the TIA (transimpedance amplifier) is CT of VR1 appears on the inverting pin. This
on TP1. This is a voltage that is proportional to voltage then appears across R7 (minimal VON for
photocurrent. The values for RF and CF are Q2). ILED = VR1CT/R7. Turning VR1 clockwise
calculated by the WEBENCH Sensor Designer. RF increases LED current. The differential amplifier U2
is determined by the full scale input voltage of the measures the current flowing in the LED by
ADC and the maximum output photocurrent of the measuring the Voltage drop across R4. This
photodiode. CF is determined based on photodiode voltage drop is scaled by the gain setting resistors.
capacitance and an estimate of stray capacitance
on the inverting input of OP Amp U1. The current ILED = Analog_V2/(R3/(R2*R4))
flowing in the LED is measured and scaled by Op
Amp U2 and appears on TP3. These voltages 4.3 Power Supply
appear on the inputs of ADC U4. The digital output In the computer mode, power to this board is
of the ADC appears on J2 Pin 5. supplied through header J2 and ultimately from the
host PC via USB. In most cases, the only voltage
4.2.1 The Transimpedance Amplifier needed for the Photodetector Sensor board is the
In the photoconductive mode, the cathode of the +5V from the USB connection.
photodiode is connected to the inverting pin of an The supply voltage source for the ADC (VREF on
op amp with the non inverting pin grounded. To the schematic) is selected with J3 to be either the
maintain the virtual ground on the inverting pin, the 4.1V from U5, or +5V from J2.
op amp must provide current from its output
through the RF to the photodiode.
4.4 ADC Reference Circuitry
So: V out = IPHOTODIODE * RF. The single-ended ADC122S101 uses its supply
RF is determined by knowing the maximum voltage as its reference, so it is important that its
photocurrent, sometimes referred to as I SHORT supply voltage be stable and quiet. A 4.1V
CIRCUIT of the photodiode, and the full scale input
reference voltage is provided by U5, an accurate
value of the ADC. LM4120-4.1.

So: RF = VFS/ISHORT CIRCUIT

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 4. Confirm that GRN LED D1 on the
Photodetector Sensor board is on, indicating
4.5 ADC clock the presence of power to the board.
The ADC clock signal is provided external to the 5. Be sure that the correct light source is installed
board at header J2. The frequency of this clock in close proximity to the photodiode.
should be in the range of 500KHZ MHz to 1 MHz. A 6. Be sure the current source values are chosen to
CS (Chip Select) signal is also required at J2. See drive the Light Source with the correct current
the ADC data sheet for timing requirements. levels.
7. For more accurate light power measurements it
4.6 Digital Data Output. may be necessary to fashion a light shield to
The digital output data from the ADC is available at cover both the light source and the photodiode.
14-pin header J2. All digital signals to and from the Sufficient room around these two components
ADC are present at this connector socket. has been provided for a light shield.
4.7 Power Requirements and Settings 5.2 Quick Check of Analog Functions
Voltage and current requirements for the Refer to Figure 1 for locations of connectors and
Photodetector Sensor Board are: test points and jumpers on the board. If at any time
 Pin 14 of J2: +5.0V at 30 mA the expected response is not obtained, see Section
 Pins 2 and 4 of J2: Ground 5.4 on Troubleshooting.
1. Perform steps 1 through 7 of Section 5.1.
With J4 connected from pin 2 to pin 3, the op amps 2. Check for 5.0V on VCC and for 4.1V at TP8.
in the circuit have a -5VDC on the -VCC terminals.
This will yield a more accurate result for zero 3. Check for -5V at J4 pin 3.
current flow in the LED and zero light level received 4. Turn S1 ON.
in the photodiode. J4 pin 1 to pin 2 places GND on 5. Monitor the voltage on TP3.
the –VCC pin. 6. As the potentiometer is adjusted, the DC voltage
The Photodiode can be reversed biased by on TP3 will vary. Verify the LED current is in the
connecting J1 from pin 2 to pin 3. This will reverse correct range.
bias the photodiode by -5VDC and reduce the 7. As the potentiometer is adjusted, the voltage on
diode capacitance. This will reduce the effects of TP1 should also vary based on the amount of
noise gain peaking due to capacitance on the light the source is generating.
inverting input of the transimpedance amplifier. J1
pin 1 to pin 2 connects the photodiode anode to This completes the quick check of the analog
GND. portion of the evaluation board.

5.0 Installing and Using the Photodetector

5.3 Quick Check of Software and Computer
Sensor Board
Interface Operation
This Photodetector Sensor board requires power as
1. Perform steps 1 through 7 of Section 5.1.
described above.
2. Run the Sensor Panel software on the PC.
5.1 Board Set-up 3. Select the SPI202S03RB Board.
Refer to Figure 1 for locations of connectors, test 4. Manually enter the following data:
points and jumpers on the board.  Responsivity of the photodiode under test.
1. Connect the Photodetector Sensor board to a  RF
SPUSI2 USB Interface Dongle.
 Number of bits
2.Be sure all jumpers are in place per Table 1,
below.  Input Optical Power. This value is
determined by setting the LED current,
Table 1 - Jumper Default Positions going to the LED datasheet and reading the
Pins power out at that LED current and at the
Jumper FUNCTION
Shorted photodiode wavelength.
J1 2-3 Neg. Photodiode Bias  Reference Voltage
J3 2-3 4.1V ADC Reference The software will measure the photocurrent of
J4 2-3 -5VDC for -VCC the photodiode and the LED current.
The software knows the input power, calculates
the received power and estimates the optical
3. Connect a USB cable to the SPUSI2 board and
loss between the LED and the photodiode.
a PC.
This completes the quick check of the software and
computer interface.
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 If the ADC output is zero or a single code, check
the following:
 Be sure that the proper voltages and polarities
5.4 Troubleshooting are present.
If there is no output from the board, check the  Be sure that J2 is properly connected to a
following: SPIUSI-2 USB Interface Dongle.
 Be sure that the proper voltages and polarities
are present.
 Be sure there is a clock signal at TP11 when 6.0 Board Specifications
trying to capture data.
Board Size: 2.6" x 2.5" (6.6 cm x 6.35 cm)
 Be sure there is a voltage at TP3 that varies Power Requirements: +5V (30mA) at J2 pin 14
with light source current adjust.
 Be sure that the voltage on TP1 varies with light
source current adjust.

7.0 Example Hardware Schematic

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8.0 Example Bill of Materials
Photodetector
Bill of Materials
Board

Project: PD_Ref_Des_Rev_B.PrjPCB
Variant: None

Creation Date: 9/24/2008 10:27:25

Print Date: 24-Sep-08 1:40:52 PM
REV B
Quantity Designator Description Value Footprint Digikey_PN

7 C1, C2, C4, C5, C6, Capacitor 0.1uF 603 445-1317-1-ND

C7, C8
1 C3 Capacitor 10uF 1206 445-1391-1-ND
1 C9 Capacitor 10uF 805 587-1295-1-ND
2 C10, C11 Capacitor 470pF 603 445-1307-1-ND
1 C12 Polarized Capacitor Value 0805L 478-3265-2-ND
4 C13, C14, C15, C16 Capacitor 1uF 603 445-1604-1-ND
1 CF Capacitor Sensor Designer Sensor Designer Sensor Designer
1 D1 LED, RED User Specified LED
3 J1, J3, J4 Header, 3-Pin HDR, 1x3 HDR1X3-A S1011E-03-ND
1 J2 Header, 7-Pin, Dual row HDR2X7H-B
1 J5 Header, 2-Pin HDR, 1x2 HDR1X2_A WM6502-ND
1 LED1 Typical INFRARED GaAs LED LED-1A
1 PD1 Photo Diode, 900nm SFH213 Photo-1A 475-1077-ND
2 Q1, Q2 N-Channel Enhancement Mode 2N7002 SOT23 2N7002CT-ND
Vertical DMOS FET
1 RF Resistor Sensor Designer Sensor Designer Sensor Designer
2 R1, R4 Resistor 10.0ohm 603 541-10.0HCT-ND
2 R2, R5 Resistor 1.0Mohm 603 541-1.0MGCT-ND
2 R3, R6 Resistor 47.5kohm 603 541-47.5kHCT-ND
1 R7 Resistor 71.5ohm 603 541-71.5HCT-ND
1 R8 Resistor 10.0kohm 603 541-10.0kHCT-ND
2 R9, R17 Resistor 0ohm 603 541-0.0GTR-ND
2 R10, R12 Resistor 180ohm 603 541-180GCT-ND
1 R11 Resistor 330ohm 603 311-330GCT-ND
1 R13 Resistor 47kohm 603 541-47kGCT-ND
1 R14 Resistor 39.2kohm 603 541-39.2kHCT-ND
1 R15 Resistor 12.4kohm 603 541-12.4kHCT-ND
1 S1 Single-Pole, Single-Throw Switch SPST-2 CKN6012-ND

11 TP1, TP3, TP5, TP6, Test Point White Testpoint Keystone 5002K-ND
TP7, TP8, TP9, TP11, 500x
TP12, TP13, TP14

3 TP2, TP4, TP10 Test Point Black TEST POINT 5001K-ND

1 U1 Sensor Designer Sensor Designer Sensor Designer Sensor Designer
2 U2, U3 Precision, CMOS Input, RRIO, Wide LMP7701MF MF05A LMP7701MFCT-ND
Supply Range Amplifiers
1 U4 2 Channel, 1 MSPS, 12-Bit A/D ADC122S101CIMM MUA08A ADC122S101CIMMCT-ND
Converter
1 U5 Precision Micropower Low Dropout LM4140ACM-4.1 SOIC8 LM4140BCM-4.1-ND
Voltage Reference
1 U6 Low Noise Regulated Switched LM2687MM MUA08A LM2687MMCT-ND
Capacitor Voltage Inverter
1 VR1 Potentiometer 1K VR5_A 3250W-102-ND
3 Shunt 2 pin shunt S9001-ND

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 APPENDIX
Summary Tables of Test Points and Connectors
Test Points on the Photodetector Sensor Board
Identifier Name Function
TP 1 Analog_V1 TIA Analog Output
TP 2 GND Ground
TP 3 Analog_V2 Current Meter Analog Output
TP 4 GND Ground
TP 5 Isense + Current Sense Resistor +
TP 6 Isense - Current Sense Resistor -
TP 7 J5 Pin 1 Waveform Generator Input
TP 8 VREF ADC VDC
TP 9 CS* CS* input for ADC
TP 10 GND Ground
TP 11 SCLK SCLK Input to ADC
TP 12 DOUT SDATA output from ADC
TP 13 VCC_3V3 3.3VDC from SPUSI2 Board
TP 14 DIN ADC DIN from SPUSI2 Board

J1 Jumper – Photodiode Bias Select

Shorted Positions Results
1-2 GND on Photodiode Anode
2-3 -5VDC on Photodiode Anode

J3 Jumper - VADC_SEL
Shorted Positions Results
1-2 +5V for ADC Supply and Reference Voltage
2-3 +4.1V for ADC Supply and Reference Voltage

J4 Jumper - -VCC Select

Shorted Positions Results
1-2 -VCC = GND
2-3 -VCC = -5VDC

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Summary Tables of Test Points and Connectors (cont'd)
J2 Connector - Connection to SPUSI2 Board
J2 Pin Number Voltage or Signal
1 CS* input to ADC
2 Ground
3 SCLK input to ADC
4 Ground
5 SDATA output from ADC
6 no connection
7 DIN to ADC
8 no connection
9 no connection
10 no connection
11 no connection
12 no connection
13 +3.3V from SPUSI2 USB Interface Dongle
14 +5V from SPUSI2 USB Interface Dongle

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The Photodetector Sensor Board is intended for product evaluation purposes only and is not intended for resale to end consumers, is not
authorized for such use and is not designed for compliance with European EMC Directive 89/336/EEC.
National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry or software supplied or described. No circuit patent licenses are implied.
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WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used
herein:
1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems 2. A critical component is any component in a life support
which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably
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when properly used in accordance with instructions for use system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to
result in a significant injury to the user.

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Americas Fax: +49 (0) 1 80-530 85 86 Asia Pacific Customer Japan Ltd.
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National does not assume any responsibility for any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without
notice to change said circuitry and specifications.

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