Scribd
Upload
57 views

Structures Lab 2 Report 2 (18AE10003)

This document describes an experiment to determine the shear center of a C-section beam. The experiment involves applying known weights at different positions along the beam and measuring the resulting deflections. Graphs of the experimental data are created and the theoretical and experimental locations of the shear center are calculated and compared, with sources of error discussed.

Uploaded by

Rahul Roy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
57 views

Structures Lab 2 Report 2 (18AE10003)

This document describes an experiment to determine the shear center of a C-section beam. The experiment involves applying known weights at different positions along the beam and measuring the resulting deflections. Graphs of the experimental data are created and the theoretical and experimental locations of the shear center are calculated and compared, with sources of error discussed.

Uploaded by

Rahul Roy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Experiment 2

Shear Centre of Open section

Arnab Kumar kundu


18AE10003
Structures lab 2
Date of experiment : 23/9/2020
Date of submission : 1/10/2020
Title : Shear center of open section
Aim : determine the shear center of C section beam
Apparatus :- C section beam , Travelling Microscope , 10 weights (200 gram each) ,
Meter scale ,Vernier scale .
Theory:
Shear center is a point on the beam-section where the application of loads does
not cause its twisting. The shear center position is dependent on the
cross-section of the beam. For instance, shear center and center of gravity are
the same in a symmetrical section, but it may not coincide with the centroid in
case of an unsymmetrical cross-section.
So, in unsymmetrical cross-sections, the external forces shall pass through the
shear center rather than the center of gravity of the section otherwise the
produced bending moment would be accompanied by twisting.

Experimental set-up

Derivation
vL = V L + vC = v
(1)
vR = − V R − vC = (2)

v
where v is the displacement of the tips if the section is rotated about the mid point of the

section. Or v = vL = V −V
L
(from 1 and 2). Again from the same figure we get that
R
2 θ=
V V
tan θ = d/2 which may be approximated to d/2 .
The distance between the loading pan L and total weight W is

L = LL + LR and W = WL + WR (3)
So,
WR
+1 (4)
LL
WL =W L ; +1 =
L L R R WL LR
WL LR
W = L ⇒ lR = wL (5)
Similarly
WR LL
W
= L ⇒ lL = wtr (6)

Procedure :
1. In the new set-up a ruler is attached at the end of the section.
2. Place the a known weight W at, say x1
3. Note the VL and VR respectively using a travelling microscope.
4. Move the weight at, say x2 1 cm away from the previous point and note VL and VR
5. Continue the procedure for the total distance d.
6. Plot θ Vs x (x1,x2; x3…)
7. Find the position of Shear Center. for a zero value of θ .
Observation :
Length of the line of the loading (distance between gauges) = 200mm

The positions of xn are given as a + b/2 + ( n - 1 )( c + b ).


The dimension of open section are shown as
(100.45+100.38+100.46+100.66)
h= 2 = 100.48mm
(50.06+49.80+50.01+49.86)
4
b= = 49.93mm
(1.59+11.1+50.01+49.86)
d= 5 = 1.51mm
d*b*(b)+d*b*(b )
The location of the centroid comes out to be 2 2
=112.44mm
d*h+2*d*b
Deflection due to 10 N weight
Position VL VR v = (VL-VR)/2 Theta Theta
(x)(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (rad) (degre)

10.21 -0.03 0.03 -0.03 -0.0003 -0.01718875

30.39 -0.02 0.02 -0.02 -0.0002 -0.01145917

50.57 -0.02 0.01 -0.015 -0.00015 -0.00859437

70..75 -0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.0001 -0.00527958

90.93 0 0 0 0 0

111.11 0 -0.01 0.005 0.0005 0.002864791

131.29 0 -0.01 0.005 0.0005 0.002864791

151.47 -0.01 0 -0.005 -0.0005 -0.002864791

171.65 0 -0.01 0.005 0.0005 0.002864791

191.83 0 -0.02 0.01 0.0001 0.005729583

Deflection due to 20 N weight


Position VL VR v = (VL-VR)/2 Theta Theta
(x)(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (rad) (degre)

10.21 -0.05 0.06 -0.055 -0.00055 -0.03151

30.39 -0.03 0.03 -0.03 -0.0003 -0.01719

50.57 -0.02 0.02 -0.02 -0.0002 -0.01146

70..75 -0.01 0.01 -0.01 -0.0001 -0.00573

90.93 0 0 0 0 0

111.11 0 -0.01 0.005 0.00005 0.002865

131.29 0.01 -0.03 0.02 0.0002 0.011459

151.47 0.02 -0.05 0.035 0.00035 0.020054


171.65 0.03 -0.06 0.045 0.00045 0.025783

191.83 0.04 -0.08 0.06 0.0006 0.034377

Deflection due to 10 N weight


Position VL VR v = (VL-VR)/2 Theta Theta
(x)(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (rad) (degre)

10.21 -0.1 0.11 -0.105 -0.00105 -0.06016

30.39 -0.08 0.08 -0.08 -0.0008 -0.04584

50.57 -0.06 0.06 -0.06 -0.0006 -0.03438

70..75 -0.04 0.03 -0.035 -0.00035 -0.02005

90.93 -0.03 0.01 -0.02 -0.0002 -0.01146

111.11 -0.01 -0.01 0.01 -0.0001 -0.00573

131.29 0 -0.02 0.01 0.001 0.00573

151.47 0.01 -0.05 0.03 0.003 0.017189

171.65 0.03 -0.08 0.055 0.0055 0.031513

191.83 0.04 -0.1 0.07 0.007 0.040107

Results :
The theta vs position graphs are made using least square method by using MATLAB
2018b software

Graph for 10 N weight


Graph for 20 N weight

Graph for 30 N weight


Result
For a channel section the position of shear center from the vertical web e is defined by

3b2
e= h(1+ 6b
h
e denotes the distance between shear center and vertical web
d denotes the length of loading line
s.c denotes the shear center
W denotes the weight on weight holder
We get theoretical e =18.69 mm
From geometry we find the location of s.c. will x sc=112.44-18.69 = 93.75mm

Error calculation

For 10 N e =130-93.75/93.75 *100 = 38.67%


For 10 N e =92-93.75/93.75 *100 = 1.867%
For 10 N e =118-93.75/93.75 *100 = 25.86%

Discussion

We will mainly discuss the reason for the sources and discrepancy in error. Errors can
creep in due to the following reasons,
● Parallax error: while using ruler
● Zero error: Vernier caliper
● Zero error: Digital dial gauge
● The change in deflection was less than the least count of the digital gauge

We can observe that the major error has been found in 10 N and 30 N graphs. This can
be reinforced by looking at the observation tables and realising where the error crept in.

● If we look at the reading of position 6,7,8 for 10 N set then we observe that the
gauges don't change reading and on observing graphs in figure 1, the position is
very much off the least square line. Ilence, position 7 contributes to maximum
error.
● The error in the 30 N graph is a more ubiquitous error as it has affected all the
reading This is most likely to happen due to error in digital dial gauge.

You might also like