Equations

J -1 [Spring 1990]
Solve the following equations:
x 1 + x2 + x3 =6
2x1 – x2 + 3x3 =4
4x1 + 5x2 – 10x3 = 13
(M - 5)
J -2 [Spring 1991]
In a charity show tickets were sold at Rs. 180 for 1st class, at Rs. 120 for 2nd Class and at
Rs. 60 for general enclosure. The number of seats in general enclosure was double of that in
the first class and the number of seats in 2nd Class was triple of that in the first class. If all
seats were occupied except 20 seats in the 1st Class and the show fetched Rs 62,400. Find
the number of persons who attend the show?
(M - 6)
J -3 [Autumn 1993]
A certain amount of money was equally distributed among some families affected by recent
"flat site" incident. Had there been 6 families more, each family would have received Rs
12,500 less and had there been 5 families less each would have received Rs 15,000 more.
Find the total amount distributed and the number of families that got relief
(M - 6)
J -4 [Spring 1994]
A certain number added to the square of the number results in 8.75. what is the number?
J -5 [Autumn 1994]
Three times the square of a number when added to seven times the number results In 26.
What is the number ? (M -
4)
J -6 [Autumn 1995]
(a) Solve the following equation
2.5x2 + 3.25x – 16.5 = 0 )
(b) Cost of 3 pen and 8 pencils is Rs 100 whereas cost of 5 pen and 6 pencils is Rs.130.
Find the cost of a pen and a pencil (M - 6)
J -7 [Spring 1996]
a) Rs.1870 is divided into three parts in such a way that half of the first part, one-third
of second part, and one sixth of the third part are equal. Find out the value of each
part.

b) Two ingredients, x and y, each measured in kilograms, are used to make two
different batches of vitamin C tablets. For batch I, x and y must be mixed in the
weight ratio of 5x to 3y. For batch II, the weight ratio is 6x to 2y. Production
requirements are 4,000 kgs of batch I and 3,000 kgs of batch II. How much of each
ingredient should be purchased to satisfy the production requirements? (M–5)

Prepared by: Dawood Shahid, ACA(f), CPA, MPhil, MBA, OCE

 J -8 [Autumn 1996]
(a) The charges of a hired car are Rs.8 per km for the first 60 km, Rs. 6 per km for the
next 60 km and Rs. 4 per km for any further journey. If the balance amount left over
with Mr. Rashid is ¼ of what he paid towards the charges of the hired car for
traveling 450 km, how much money did he have initially with him? (M - 3)
(b) Solve the following equation by using quadratic formula:
2 + 62 y + 9y2 = 0 (M - 2)

J -9 [Spring 1999]
A customer paid Rs. 800 for shampoo, hair conditioner and hair spray. The conditioner costs
twice as much as the shampoo, and the hair spray costs Rs. 100 less than the shampoo. How
much did each item cost?
(M - 3)
J -10 [Spring 2000]
The rate of Sales Tax is 18% charged on retail price before charging (excluding Sales Tax
retail price inclusive of sales tax is 295; Calculate Sales tax.
(M -2)
J -11 [Spring 2001]
An airline wishes to purchase the following aircrafts to meet an estimated demand for
2000seats:
Company Aircraft Price of each($ million) Seating capacity
Boeing 747 150 400
Boeing 777 115 300
Airbus A 320 60 200
The airline wishes to buy equal number of 747s and 777s. How many should it order to meet
the demand for seats within a purchasing budget of $ 710 million.
(M - 6)
I -27 [Spring 2004]
The number of color T V sets sold by a firm was three times the combined sale of C D
player and radios. If the sales included 72 T . V sets and 8 radios, how many C D players
were sold.
(M -2)
J -12 [Spring 2007]
Solve the following equation:
4m4 – 9m2+2 = 0
(M - 2)
J -13 [Autumn 2009]
Determine the value of x by using quadratic formula where 9𝒙𝟐 – 81 = 0 (M - 2)

J – 14 [Autumn 2010]

Prepared by: Dawood Shahid, ACA(f), CPA, MPhil, MBA, OCE

 a) Companies A and B earned profits of Rs. 600,000 and Rs. 1,320,000 respectively during
2009. It is estimated that future annual profit would increase @ 8% and 5% respectively.
In
which year, the profit of both companies would be equal? (M - 6)

b) Given that 8x2 − 2xy 3y2 = 0 ; express ‘y’ in terms of ‘x’. (M - 2)

J – 15 [Spring 2011]
Find the value of x such that
4x+1 = 2 – 7(2x)
(M – 5)
J – 16 [Spring 2012]
Solve the following equation: (M – 6)
(2e5x + 5ex)(2e2x – 11) = –55ex
J – 17 [Spring 2013]
Find the value of x:
( x  3) 8 ( x  2)
 
(a) ( x  2) 3 ( x  1)

(b) e 2 x  1  0

Prepared by: Dawood Shahid, ACA(f), CPA, MPhil, MBA, OCE

 Answers
J -1 [Spring 1990]
x 1 + x 2 + x 3 = 6-------(1)
2x 1 - x 2 + 3x 3 = 4------(2)
4x 1 + 5x 2 - 10x 3 = 13------(3)
By adding equations (1) and (2)
x 1 + x 2 + x3 = 6
2x 1 - x2 + 3x 3 = 4
3x 1 - 4x 3 = 10-----(A)
Multiplying equation (2) by 5 and then adding to the equation (3)
10x 1 - 5x 2 + 15x 3 = 20
4x 1 + 5x 2 - 10x 3 = 13
14x 1 + 5x 3 = 33 ............... (B)
Multiplying equation (A) by 5 and equation (B) by 4, then subtracting
15x 1 + 20x 3 = 50
56x 1 + 20x 3 = 132
41x 1 = -82
x 1 = 82/41 = 2
x1= 2
Put the value of x 1 in equation (A)
6 + 4x 3 = 10
4x 3 = 4
x3 = 1
Put the values of and x3 in equation (1)
2 + x2 + 1 = 6
x2 + 3 = 6
x2 = 3
So the solution set is = { ( 2 , 3 , 1 ) }
J -2 [Spring 1991]
Let the No. of seats in 1st class = x
Let the No. of seats in 2nd class =3x
Let the No. of seats in general enclosure = 2x
By the given information
180 ( x - 20) + 120 (3x) + 60(2x) = 62400
180x - 3600 + 360x + 120x = 62400
660x =62400 +3600
66000
x = =100
660
Hence No. of person attended the show = (100 - 20) + 300 + 200 = 580

J -3 [Autumn 1993]
Let the number of families = x
and let each family has received the amount = y

Prepared by: Dawood Shahid, ACA(f), CPA, MPhil, MBA, OCE

 Then the total amount which is distributed among the families = xy
then by the first condition:
(x+6)(y-12500) = xy (1)
and by the 2nd condition:
(x-5) (y+15000) = xy-------(2)
Simply the eq (1)
xy - 12500 x + 6y - 75000 = xy
- 12500 x+6y = 75000------(3)
Simply the eq (2)
xy + 15000 x - 5y - 75000 = xy
15000x - 5y = 75000------ (4)
Multiply eq.(3) with 5 -62500x + 30y = 375000
Multiply eq.(4) with 6 90000x + 30y = 450000
By adding 27500x = 825000
Then x = 825000 / 27500 = 30
So there are 30 families:
Put the value of x in eq (3)
-12500 (30)+6y = 75000
6y = 450000
y = 75000
So each family has received the amount of Rs. 75,000
Solution set is = { ( 3 0 , 75,000)}
and the total amount which is distributed among the families = xy
= 30(75,000) = 2,250,000
J -4 [Autumn 1994]

Prepared by: Dawood Shahid, ACA(f), CPA, MPhil, MBA, OCE

 x 2  x  8.75
rearrangin g the above equation, we get ;
x 2  x  8.75  0
u sin g qarderatic equation
 1  (1)2  4(1)( 8.75)
x
2(1)
 1  1  35
x
2
 1  36
x
2
 1 6
x
2
 1 6  1 6
x or x 
2 2
7 5
x or x 
2 2
x   3.5 or x  2.5
ignoring the negative value, we get ;
x  2. 5
J -5 [Autumn 1995]
Let the required number is = x then by the given condition
3x2 + 7x = 2 6
3x2 + 7x - 26 = 0
3x2 + 13 x - 6 x - 2 6 = 0
x ( 3 x + 1 3 ) - 2 ( 3 x + 13) = 0
(x-2)(3x + 13) = 0
either x - 2 = 0 or 3x+13 = 0
if x-2=0 or if 3x + 13 = 0
then x = 2 then x = - 13/3
Therefore the required number is 2 or - 1 3 / 3
J -6 [Spring 1996]
(a) Solve the following equation: 2.5x2 + 3.25x - 16.5 = 0
By using quadratic formula:
 b  b 2  4ac
x
2a
here a  2.5 b  3.25 & c   16.5

Prepared by: Dawood Shahid, ACA(f), CPA, MPhil, MBA, OCE

  3.25  (3.25) 2  4(2.5)( 16.5)
x
2(2.5)
 3.25  175.5625
x
5
 3.25  13.25  3.25  13.25
x or x 
5 5
10  16.5
x or x 
5 5

x2 or x  3.30
Therefore x = 2, - 3 . 3 0
(b) Let the cost of the pen is = x and let the cost of the pencil is = y then by the given
conditions.
3x  8 y  100      (1)
5 x  6 y 130      (2)
Multiply eq (1) by 5 and eq (2) by 3 and then subtract.
15 x  40 y  500
15 x  18 y  390
22 y 110
y  5 put in eq (1)
3x  8(5)  100
3x  100  40
3x  60
x  20
Therefore cost of the pen is Rs. 20 and cost of the pencil is Rs. 5
J -7 [Autumn 1996]
(a) Total amount of money = 1870
Let the first part is = x
Second part is = y
And the third part is = z
By the above information
x + y + z = 1870 ........ (1)
According to the next condition.
Half of the first = One-third of the second = one sixth of the third. Means
x y z
 
2 3 6
x y 3x
if  then y 
2 3 2
x z 6x
if  then z   3x
2 6 2

Prepared by: Dawood Shahid, ACA(f), CPA, MPhil, MBA, OCE

 Put the values of y and z in equation (1)
3x
X   3 x  1870
2
11x  3740 x  340
( first part )
so
3 x 3(340)
y   510 (sec ond equation)
2 2
and
z  3x 3(340)  1020 (third part )
(b) By the given condition the equation is 5x + 3y = 4000 ..........................((1)
Second equation is 6x + 2y =3000................................ (2)
Multiplying eq. (1) by 2 and eq.(2) by 3 and then subtracted.
10 x  6 y  8000
18 x  6 y  9000
 8 x   1000
8 x  1000
x  125
Put the value of x in eq.(1)
5 x  3 y  4000
5(125)  3 y  4000
3 y  4000  625
3 y  3375
y  1125
So ingredients 11x = 1375 and 5y = 5625 should by purchased to satisfy the production
requirement.
J -8 [Spring 1999]
(a) The charges of a hired car.
Rs. 8 per km for first 60 km Rs. 6 per km for next 60 km Rs. 4 per km for further journey.
Total journey is 450 km.
Total charges:
 8(60)  6(60)  4(330)
 480  360  1320  2160
If the balance amount is 1/4 of total charges.
1
Balance amount with Mr. Rashid  (2160)  540
4
Total amount initially with him: =2160 +540 = 2700
(b) Solve by using quadratic formula: 9y2 + 62y + 2 = 0
Quadratic formula if ax2 + b x + c = 0 Then

Prepared by: Dawood Shahid, ACA(f), CPA, MPhil, MBA, OCE

  b  b 2  4ac
2a
here a  9 b  6 & c 2
Put these values in the above formula.
 6  2  72  6 2
   2
18 18
Roots are real and equal
J -9 [Spring 1999]
Let cost of shampoo = Rs x
Cost of conditioner = Rs 2x
Cost of hair spray = Rs(x-100
Total cost of shampoo, conditioner and hair spray
x  2 x  ( x  100)  800
4 x  100  800
x  225
Hence cost of shampoo = Rs. 225
Cost of conditioner  Rs . 450
Cost of hair spray  Rs . 125
J -10 [Spring 2000]
Let the retail price  x
And the rate of sales tax is 18% charged on retail price.
Then by the given information:
x  18% of x  295
1.18 x  295
x 250 (retail price )
then the required sales tax is  Rs. 45 (18% of Re tail price ) .
J -10 [Spring 2000]
(a) Let no of Boeing 747 = x
Let no of Air Bus 747 = y
First condition of total budget
150 x  115 x  60 y  710
265 x  60 y  710 (1)
2nd condition of seating capacity
400 x  300 x  200 y  2000
700 x  200 y  2000 (2)
Multiplying eq (1) by 200 and eq(2) by - 60 and adding
53,000 x  12,000 y  142,000
- 42,000 x  1200 y  120,000
11,000 x  22,000
x 2
y 3

Prepared by: Dawood Shahid, ACA(f), CPA, MPhil, MBA, OCE

 Hence ... Air line purchase Boeing 747 = 2
Air line purchases Boeing 747 = 2
And Air Bus =3
I -27 [Spring 2004]
Let the numbers of colour TV. sets sold = x
Let the numbers of CD. players sold = y
Let the numbers of radios sold = z
By the given condition:
x = 3 (y + z)

Here if
x = 72
z = 8
y = ?

Then
72 = 3(y + 8)
= 3y + 24
3y = 48
y = 16
Hence 16 CD. Players were sold.

J -11 [Autumn 2009]

(a) 4m  9m  2  0
4 2

4m 4  8m 2  m 2  2  0
4m 2 (m 2  2)  1(m 2  2)  0
(4m 2  1)( m 2  2)  0
4m 2  1  0 or m2  2  0
4m 2  1 or m2  2
1
m2  or m2  2
4
1
m or m   1.14
2
J – 12 [Autumn 2009]
9 x 2  81  0
general quadratic equation ax  bx  c  0, a  9, b  0, and c  81
2

Quadratic Formula

Prepared by: Dawood Shahid, ACA(f), CPA, MPhil, MBA, OCE

  b  b 2  4ac
x
2a
 0  0  4(9)( 81)
x
2(9)
x 3
J – 14 [Autumn 2010]
a ) W e k n o w t h a t A  P (1  r )n
C o n d i t i o n 600,000(1  0.08)n 1,320000(1  0.08)n
1320000
(1.08)n  (1.05)n
600000
(1.08)n  2.2(1.05)n
Taking log
n log( 1.08)  log 2.2  n log( 1.05)
n(0.033424)  0.342423  n(0.021189)
0.0122344n  0.342423
0.342423
n  27.98  28 years (rounded )
0.0122344

b ) 8x  2 xy  3 y  0
2 2

By factorization
8 x 2  6 xy  4 xy  3 y 2  0
2 x(4 x  3 y )  y (4 x  3 y )  0
(4 x  3 y )( 2 x  y )  0
(4 x  3 y )  0 or (2 x  y )  0
4x
y or y   2 x
3
J – 15 [Spring 2011]
4x+1 = 2–7(2x)
(22)x+1= 2–7(2x)
22x+2 = 2–7(2x)
22×22x +7(2x)–2= 0
Let 2x=y
Now the equation becomes
2 2 × ( y) 2 + 7 ( y) – 2 = 0
4 y2 +7 y– 2 =0
4 y 2 + 8 y – 1 y– 2 = 0
( 4 y – 1 ) ( y+ 2 ) = 0
4 y= 1 o r y= – 2
Replacing y with 2x
4(2)x = 1 or 2x = –2

Prepared by: Dawood Shahid, ACA(f), CPA, MPhil, MBA, OCE

 Taking log on both equations
log4(2x) = log1 or log2x = log(–2)
log4+xlog2=log1 or log2x = not possible
(𝐥𝐨𝐠𝟏−𝐥𝐨𝐠𝟒)
x = = – 2
𝐥𝐨𝐠𝟐
J – 16 [Spring 2012]
(2e 5 x  5e x )( 2e 2 x  11)  55e x
let a  e x , then equation wil become
(2a 5  5a )( 2a 2  11)  55a
4a 7  22a 5  10a 3  55a  55a
4a 7  22a 5  10a 3  0
taking 2a 3 as common
2a 4  11a 2  5  0
2a 4  10a 2  a 2  5  0
2a 2 (a 2  5)  1(a 2  5)  0
(a 2  5)( 2a 2  1)  0
(a 2  5)  0 or (2a 2  1)  0
a2  5 or 2a 2  1
1
a 5 or a
2
Now Replacing “a” with ex
e x  5  2.236 or e x  1/ 2  0.707
Taking natural Log (ln) on both sides
ln( e x )  ln 2.236 or ln( e x )  ln( 0.707)
x ln e  0.8047 or x ln e  0.3467
x  0.8047 or x  0.3466

Prepared by: Dawood Shahid, ACA(f), CPA, MPhil, MBA, OCE