Republic of the Philippines

Polytechnic University of the Philippines

College of Architecture and Fine Arts
Department of Architecture

INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

MODULE 2: creating objects

Prepared by

LUISITA F. FRANCISCO – GEGAJO, UAP

Associate Professor V

Anonas cor Pureza Streets, Sta. Mesa, Manila 1016

Direct Line: 8713-9304|
Website: www.pup.edu.ph | Email: [email protected]

THE COUNTRY’S 1st POLYTECHNICU

Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP

Module 2 – Getting Started using the different commands and tools

Lesson 2: Creating Drawings and Templates

2.1 Getting Started Using the different commands:

New drawing start from either default drawing template file or a custom drawing template file being
created. Drawing template files store default settings, styles, and additional data.

When AutoCAD starts, the Start tab is displayed by default. Here, you can quickly start a new drawing
file based on the current drawing template file or can specify a different template file from the templates
list start a new drawing.

Figure 10. Start- Up template in creating new drawing or opening an existing file

When starting a new drawing click start drawing. A drawing template will be displayed below.
When

opening the drawing display, modification on the display drawing environment can be created based on
the lecture given in Module 1.
Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP
2.2 Setting Units
Units –Controls coordinate and angle display formats and precision.

Every object created is measured in drawing units. Before starting to draw, decision what drawing unit
will be used based on the plan to draw.

Command: Type UNITS / Enter

• Dialog Box will be displayed
• Change Precision to Two digits
• Change units to scale to Millimeters
2.3 Setting Limits

LIMITS to enhance drawing speed and efficiency,

display and Snap to a rectangular pattern of grid points.
It can also control its spacing, angle and alignment.
Aside from enhancing the speed it also limits the
drawing area since the area is infinite. Setting the
drawing area into smaller one. The one-meter distance
can be seen in the drawing space.

Command: Type LIMITS / enter (Command Line)

• Specify lower corner or (ON /OFF)
Figure 11. Drawing Units Dialog Box
< 0.00, 0.00> /ENTER
• Specify upper right corner (12000,9000) change the value to
• Type 420000, 297000 for x and y value
• Type Z/ Enter
• Type E/ Enter

2.4 Setting LAYERS

LAYERS is applied when creating the different line to

be used in the drawing. These different lines must have
their own name, color, type and weight. Besides, turning
ON or OFF and RENAME may do so. Using different
and numerous lines in a set of drawing identification or
recognizing of these lines may be easy if layers has been
created and set.
Figure 12. Layer Properties Panel

Command: Type LAYERS or CLICK from the TAB menu layer dialog box will appear

Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP

 Figure 13. Current / New Layer Properties Manager Dialog Box

Command: Click NEW or Type ALT + N enter.

❖ Change the name of LAYER being highlighted delete or backspace then type the
NAME.

❖ Change COLOR dialog box will * Change the LINE TYPE dialog box be
displayed choose color click OK(Fig.13) be displayed choose line type click OK

Figure 14. Line Type Layer Properties

Panel dialog box
Click LOAD another
be display, choose the type of line/
OK (Fig.14)
Figure 13. Color Layer Properties Panel

❖ Change the LINE WEIGHT dialog box

will be displayed choose the line weight
to be used. Then click OK (Fig.15)
To CREATE LAYERS in your drawing use the following:
1. 0.05 Construction line/ guideline (Light Gray)
2. 0.10 Furniture (RED)
3. 0.20 Doors and Windows (yellow)
4. 0.30 Wall (Light Green)
5. 0.35 Text (Dark Blue)
6. 0.40 Column (Cyan)
7. 0.50 Boarder Line (Magenta Figure 15. Line Weight Layer Properties
Panel

Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP

2.5 DRAW COMMANDS / TOOLBARS
From the Draw Panel the different commands will be
Utilized.
1. LINE(L)
2. POLYLINE(PL)
3. CIRCLE(C)
4. ARC(A)
5. RECTANGLE (REC)/ POLYGON(POL)
6. ELLIPSE(EL)
7. HATCH(H)/GRADIENT /BOUNDARY
8. SPLINE
9. SPLINE CV
10. CONSTRUNTION LINE
11. RAY
12. POINT
13. DIVIDE
14. MEASURE
15. REGION
16. WIPEOUT
17. 3DPOLYLINE
18. HELIX/DONUT /RECTANGLE REVISION CLOUD
2.6 MODIFY COMMANDS / TOOLBARS
The following commands under MODIFY PANEL
1. MOVE
2. ROTATE
3. TRIM / EXXTEND
4. EARASE
5. COPY
6. MIRROR
7. FILLET/ CHAMPER
8. EXPLODE
9. STRECH
10. SCALE
11. ARRAY/RECTANGULAR/POLAR/PATH
12. OFFSET
13. BREAK / BREAK AT A POINT/JOIN/REVERSE/
14. SET LAYERS/ SET SPACE
15. LENGHTEN/ EDIT POLYLINE/ EDIT SPLINE
16. EDIT HATCH/ EDIT ARRAY
17. ALIGN/ DELETE DUPLICATE OBJECTS

Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP

2.7 To be familiar with the different commands. Let us do EXERCISE 1 creating the different 2D
Furnitures.
Create a LAYERS assigning the name, color, line type and line weight and set the UNITS into in
MILLIMETERS

1. SOFA
Command: RECTANGLE: Click the Rectangle Icon in the Draw Panel
In the drawing Space: Start Point: Click in the drawing space/drag/hold
Format : type @500, 500/enter (x,y values)(Figure A)

Command: EXPLODE: Click icon explode icon in the modify panel

In the drawing space: select rectangle/ enter

Command: OFFSET: Click icon offset in the modify panel

Command Line: specify distance to offset: 75/enter
select line 1 click A (1’). Do the same for Line 2 & 3 (Figure B)

Command: EXTENDS: Click extend tool bar in the modify panel (See Figure C,D,E & F
)
In the drawing space: Click line 1 extends to 2’ (5) / enter/enter
Click line 2 extends to 1’ (6) / Enter / enter
Click line 3 extends to 2’ (7) / enter / enter
Click line 2 extends to 3’ (8) / enter / enter
Click line 4 extends to 1’ (9) / enter / enter
Click line 4 extends to 3’ (10) / enter / enter

Make Block: Click tool bar make block

or type WBLOCK
Dialog Box: Click convert to block
Click select object/
Select object from drawing space / enter
Dialog Box: Click Browse/ folder/
change filename/ SAVE
Click pick point in the dialog box
click midpoint of Line 2
in the drawing space / enter / OK

Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP

 2. SOFA 2
For SOFA 2 use the dimension @1500,500
Use the same procedure as in SOFA 1

3. ROUND DINING TABLE with Eight (8) Chairs

Command: CIRCLE: Click circle from toolbars draw

Click in drawing space then drag hold
Command Line : Specify radius or diameter: type r for radius
Type d for diameter / enter (use d)
Specify the value of d: type 1500/ enter (Figure A)
4. CHAIR 1
Command: Click RECTANGLE /click in drawing space /drag/ hold
Command Line: Specify other point: @400,400/ enter (Figure A)

CHAMFER: Click the tool bar chamfer

Command Line: Select the first Line: Type D(distance) / Enter
Specify first Chamfer distance: Type 100 / enter
Specify Second chamfer distance: Type 100/enter
In the Drawing Area: click line 1 and click line2
Click line 1 and click line 3 (Figure B,C & D)

Command: In the drawing space move the chair near the round table consider the position
and distance of the chair from the table.

Command: MOVE Click move icons in the modify panel

In the drawing space: Select CHAIR / enter
Command Line: Specify displacement: click center of chair and
drag near the table (Figure B)

Command: ARRAY Click array icon click dropdown arrow

Select POLAR Array / enter
Select Chair / enter
Command Line: Specify axis of rotation: click center of table(midpoint)(Figure C)

Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP

Modification on the number of chair may be created based on the POLAR ARRAY Panel
Change the no of items: 8 all the other must be the same:

5. DINING TABLE RECTANGLE with Eight (8) Chairs

Command: RECTANGLE click icon rectangle from draw panel

In drawing space: Click/ drag /hold: type @ 2000, 1200/ enter
(Figure A)
FILLET
Command: Click FILLET icon from modify panel
Command Line: Select first object or (Undo Radius Trim Multiple): Type R/enter
Specify Fillet Radius: Type 100/enter
In the Drawing Space: Click line 1 & line 4 / enter = A
Click line 1 & line 2/ enter = B
Click line 2 & line 3/enter = C
Click line 3 & line 4/ enter = D (Figure B)

6. CHAIR 2

Command: RECTANGLE; Click icon from draw panel

In drawing space: Click/ drag/ hold: type @ 400,400/ enter (Figure A)
Do the same procedure for FILLET in Dining Table Rectangle: Use R= 50

MOVE and RECTANGULAR ARRAY

Command: Move click move / select the chair 2 /enter /
Pick at the center of chair 2 /drag to the table
(See position on the figure C)

COMMAND; RECTANGULAR ARRAY

Click ARRAY / click drop down arrow/
Click RECTANGULAR ARRAY
In the drawing space select chair along
Line A/ enter ( it will display the no of colums
And no of rows of object). Change the no of
Columns and rows on display tab.(see below figure C)

On the TAB DISPLAY for Rectangular Array

Change the value of column to 3:
Change the value of ROW to 1

Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP

 MIRROR
Command: Click icon MIRROR at the Modify Panel
In the drawing space: select objects 3 chairs/enter
Command Line: Specify the MIRROR Line:
In the drawing space: Click point D drag to Point C /enter (Figure D)

For Chair along line D: Mirror Click object and use the
Mirror Line at point A drag to point B / enter (Figure E)

7. GAS RANGE OBJECT with 4 BURNER

Command: RECTANGLE: Click rectangle icon in Draw Panel

In the drawing space: Click/ drag/ hold: type @ 500, 600/ ENTER(Figure A)

Command: LINE click line icon in drawing panel / enter

Command Line: Specify first Point: Click 1 to 3/enter, click 4 to 2/ enter
Click A to D/ enter; Click B to C/ enter; click 4 to 1/ enter
Click 1 to 2/ enter; click 4 to 3/ enter; click 3 to 2 / enter

Figure above show the different of line connections between points (Figure B, C & D)
Command: CIRCLE; Click circle icon in drawing panel / enter
In the drawing space: Click and drag/ hold
Command Line: Specify radius or diameter: type D/enter
Type 215/enter; select circle 1 move to point e
Create Circle 2 use D = 175/ enter; select circle 2 move to point g (Figure E)
Copy Circle 1 to point h and circle 2 to point f (Figure F)

Command: TRIM; click trim icon in modify panel/enter

Command Line: Select object to trim or (select all); enter
In drawing space: click all diagonal lines around circle/ enter

Figure above show the different sequence in trimming diagonal line

Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP

 8. WATER CLOSET

Command: RECTANGLE; click rectangle icon in the drawing panel

In the drawing space: Click / drag/ hold: Type @ 500,200/ enter

Command: LINE: click line icon in the drawing panel

Command On the drawing space: Click point A to B (Figure A)

Command: OFFSET; Click offset icon in the Modify Panel

Command Line: Specify offset distance: TYPE 175/ click space A’/enter/
enter (fig. A)
Use same offset command: Line 2 distance = 300/ enter/ enter
Line 3 distance = 600/ enter/ enter (figure B)

Command: LINE; Click Line icon from draw panel

In the drawing space: click midpoint line 1 to midpoint line 4/enter

Command: OFFSET; click offset icon from modify panel

Command Line: Specify distance to offset: TYPE 200/ click left side space
And right-side space (figure C)

Command: ELLIPSE: click ellipse icon in the drawing panel; click drop down
Arrow: select Center ellipse/ enter
In the drawing space, click midpoint of line 3/ drag to midpoint line 1;
Click point 3/ enter (figure D)

Command: OFFSET; click offset icon from the modify panel

Command Line: Specify distance to offset: Type 50/ click inner part of
Ellipse / enter (figure E)

Command: TRIM and ERASE

Click TRIM icon in the Modify Panel

Command Line: Select object to TRIM or (select all): Enter
Click ellipse 1 and 2 and line see figure/drawing:
Remove all unnecessary guidelines use the command
ERASE. (figure F)

Command: ERASE; click icon erase in modify panel

In the drawing space: click all the lines and ellipse/ enter (figure H)

Command: FILLET; Click fillet icon on the Modify Panel

In the drawing space: Type R = 50 / enter; click lines on the part
intended to fillet. (See figure I)

Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP

 9. KITCHEN SINK

Command: RECTANCLE: Click rectangle icon in the drawing panel

In the drawing space; Click/ drag/ hold: Type @1400, 600/ enter

Command: EXPLODE: Click Explode icon in the modify panel

In the drawing space: select object rectangle / enter (Figure A)

Command: DIVIDE THE LINE: Click the divide line icon in the drawing
Panel using drop down arrow / enter
Command Line: Select object to divide
In the drawing space: click line 1 / enter
Command Line: Enter the number of segment or block: TYPE 3/enter (Figure B)

Command Line: LINE: Click Line icon in the drawing panel

In the drawing space: locate the node of line divided (appear in circle symbol)
Click the point node A drag to line 2 be sure to turn on orthographic
status bar. Same procedure for line at node B. (Figure C)

Command: OFFSET: Click the OFFSET Icon in the Modify Panel

Command Line: Specify distance to offset: Type 50 / enter
In the drawing space: Click the interior part of rectangle along line 1
Do the same for line 2, line 3 and line 4 (figure A)
Offset Line at node A and B use distance 25 and click space on
Left and right side of the LINE (See figure D)
Command: TRIM: click icon Trim in the modify panel
Command Line: Select objects to Trim or select all: Enter
In the drawing space: Trim the different lines (see figure E)

Command: ERASE: Click the erase icon in the modify panel

Command Line: Select the objects to erase
In the drawing space: click the different lines to erase at the
point A and point B (see figure F)

Command: LINE: click icon Line in the drawing panel

Command Line: Specify the first point: midpoint C to D, F to G,
D to E and H to I. (Turn on the Orthographic
tools in the status bar) (Figure G)

Command: CIRCLE: click circle icon in the drawing panel

In the drawing space: Click/drag/ hold
Command Line: Specify the radius or diameter of circle:
Type D/ enter, Type 100 / enter (Figure H)

Command: TRIM: Click trim icon on the modify panel

Command Line: Select object to trim or select all: Enter
In the drawing space: Click all the lines to trim around
the circle (figure I)
Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP
 Command: ARRAY: Click rectangular icon in the modify panel
Command Line: Select the object: Click line 1/enter

On the Rectangular Array Panel:

Change the value of Column = 1; distance between 1; Row = 20;
distance between =25 (Figure J)

Command: FILLET: Click the fillet icon in the modify panel

Command Line: Select first object or (Undo Polyline Radius Trim
Multiple): Type R / enter; Type 100 / enter
In the drawing space: Click the lines to be fillet (Figure K)

10. LAVATORY
Command: RECTANGLE: Click rectangle icon from draw panel
In the drawing space: Click / drag / hold
Command line: TYPE 400, 400/ enter (Figure A)

Command: OFFSET: Click offset icon from the modify panel

Command Line: Specify distance to offset: Type 25/ enter
In drawing space: click inner space of object / enter (Figure B)

Command: LINE: Click Line icon in the drawing panel

In the drawing space: Click point A to B / enter; C to D/enter (Figure C)

Command: CIRCLE: Click Circle icon in the drawing panel

In the drawing space: Click midpoint of Lines AB/CD / drag/ hold
Command Line: Type D = 100/ enter for circle 1; Type D = 50/enter (Fig. D)

Command: Offset: Click offset icon in Modify Panel

Command Line: Specify distance to Offset: Type 5
In the drawing space: Click in the interior of circle 1 & 2 (Fig. E)

Command: ERASE / TRIM; Click Trim icon in Modify panel

Command Line: Select objects or select all: Enter
In drawing space: Click all the lines to trim / same to erase (Fig. G)

Do the faucet object use command offset/ circle / fillet

Then Fillet the faucet for outer edge use R=100, Interior use R= 75 (Fig. H &I)

Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP

 11. HATCH

Command: Select HATCH icon from Draw panel

There three tools (3) to chosen; select HATCH (Figure 11a)
Figure 11.a

Figure 11.b Hatch Tool Panel

From the Hatch Tool Panel click the downward or upward arrow then select what type of pattern
desired.
Select the NET Pattern
Command Line: Hatch Pick Internal Point or (select objects
undo settings): Pick the point to hatch
or select rectangle It should be a close
boundary from the drawing space / Enter

From the drawing space: Hatch pattern implemented (Figure B)

From the drawing space select hatch on object

(fig.B)
From Figure 11.b select the scale from the
hatch properties panel change the value of scale
100/enter (Figure 11.c)

Figure 11.c

From the Hatch Properties Panel changing COLOR

may do by selecting the COLOR Icon (Figure 11.d)
select color desired / enter

Figure 11.d
Figure C the NET Pattern being display

Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP

Ar. Luisita F. Francisco – Gegajo, MA Architecture, MAED, UAP