References:

Pettinger, T. (2019, December 3). Economies of scale examples. Economics Help.

https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/326/concepts/economies-of-scale-examples/#:%7E:text=Examples%20of%20economies

%20of%20scale%20include&text=To%20produce%20tap%20water%2C%20water,brings%20the%20average%20cost

%20down.

Allan Dahl Andersen, Anabel Marìn, Erlend O. Simensen. (2018) Innovation in natural resource-based industries: a

pathway to development? Introduction to special issue. Innovation and Development 8:1, pages 1-27.

How Globalization Impacts International Investors and Economic Growth. (n.d.). The Balance.

https://www.thebalance.com/globalization-and-its-impact-on-economic-growth-1978843

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). (n.d.). Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/fdi.asp#:%7E:text=A%20foreign

%20direct%20investment%20(FDI)%20is%20an%20investment%20made%20by,assets%20in%20a%20foreign%20company.

Does Globalization Make the World More Unequal? (n.d.). NBER. https://www.nber.org/digest/sep01/does-globalization-make-

world-more-unequal

Source: https://www.thebalance.com/globalization-and-its-impact-on-economic-growth-1978843
 Technological
Innovation
Technological
Innovation

- increased international
integration of economic
activities and the raising
importance of
knowledge in economic
processes.
BENEFITS Foreign Direct
Economies of scale
BENEFITS Investment
Foreign Direct
Economies of scale
Investment
GLOBALIZATION
GLOBALIZATION Inequitable
Interdependence
RISK Distribution
Inequitable
Interdependence
RISK Distribution

- global financial
flows, multinational
corporations, global
media empires, and the
Internet etc.

Threat to
Sovereiggnity
Threat to
Sovereiggnity
Source: https://www.thebalance.com/globalization-and-its-impact-on-economic-growth-1978843
 - occurs when in-creased - takes place when an
output leads to lower unit investor establishes
-costs.
occurs when in- Technological- takes place when an
creased output leads to Innovation investor establishes foreign business
- technical, specializa-tion, opera-tions or acquires
lower unit costs. foreign business
bulk buying, marketing, - increased interna- fo-reign business
risk bea-ring,specializa-
container opera-tions or acquires
- technical, tional integration of assets in a foreign
princi-ples, fo-reign business
tion, bulk financial,
buying, economic activities company.
external assets in a foreign
marketing, risk bea- and the raising impor-
company.
ring, container princi- tance of knowledge in
ples, financial, economic processes.
external
Foreign Direct
Economies of scale
Investment

GLOBALIZATION
Inequitable
Interdependence
- The Distribution
nations that
- this is where each
nation gained
- The thenations
most from
- this is and their
where each - global financial that
economies are flows, multinational globalization are
gained the most from those
nation and their
dependent poor countries that
economies on other are corporations, global globalization are those
nations for products media empires, and the changed their policies
poor countries that
dependent on other
and goods. Internet etc. to exploit it, while
changed their policies the
nations for products
ones that it,gained
to exploit the
while the
and goods.
least
ones did
that not, or were
gained the
too isolated.
least did not, or were
Threat to
Sovereiggnity too isolated.
Source: https://www.thebalance.com/globalization-and-its-impact-on-economic-growth-1978843