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001-Composit Climate

The composite climate zone of central India experiences hot and dry, warm and humid, and cold conditions. Cities like New Delhi, Kanpur, and Allahabad experience this composite climate. Summers are very hot with daytime temperatures from 32-45°C while winters are milder from 10-25°C. Buildings in this zone are oriented northeast/southeast for maximum winter sun and minimum summer sun. Large overhangs, thick walls, and courtyards provide shade while windows have adjustable shades. Vegetation, water bodies, and high insulation help moderate temperatures.

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Anudeep Chandra
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81 views

001-Composit Climate

The composite climate zone of central India experiences hot and dry, warm and humid, and cold conditions. Cities like New Delhi, Kanpur, and Allahabad experience this composite climate. Summers are very hot with daytime temperatures from 32-45°C while winters are milder from 10-25°C. Buildings in this zone are oriented northeast/southeast for maximum winter sun and minimum summer sun. Large overhangs, thick walls, and courtyards provide shade while windows have adjustable shades. Vegetation, water bodies, and high insulation help moderate temperatures.

Uploaded by

Anudeep Chandra
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COMPOSITE CLIMATE

• Composite climate displays the characteristics of hot & dry, warm


& humid as well as cold climates.

WORLD
CLIMATE ZONE
COMPOSITE CLIMATE

• The composite zone covers


the central part of India.
Some cities that experience
this type of climate are New
Delhi, Kanpur and Allahabad.
CLIMATE DETAILS
• Summer temperature : 32-45 ºC (daytime),
27-32 ºC (night time)

• Winter temperature : 10-25 ºC (daytime),


4-10 ºC (night time)

• Precipitation : varies b/w 500–1300mm/year

• Relative humidity : 20–25% in dry periods


55–95% in wet periods.
CLIMATE DETAILS
• Cloudy days: 8-10 days in a month

• Clear skies: 20-22 days in a month

• Average wind speed: 3-5 km/h

• The intensity of solar radiation is very high in summer.

• In monsoons, the intensity is low with predominantly diffuse


radiation.
CLIMATE DETAILS
• This region receives strong winds during monsoons from the
south-east and dry cold winds from the north-east.

• In summer, the winds are hot and dusty

•The sky is overcast and dull in the monsoon, clear in winter


and frequently hazy in summer.

• The presence of high humidity during monsoon months is one


of the reasons why places like New Delhi and Nagpur are
grouped under the composite and not hot and dry climate.
CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS
• ORIENTATION: The orientation
of the houses should be such that,
penetration of the sun rays
maximum in winter and minimum
in summer. Proper orientation
also helps in receiving natural
light and ventilation.

• In composite climate the orientation of the building is preferable to


be in North-East & South- East direction.
• This helps in receiving less radiation.
• Proper orientation helps in receiving natural light & ventilation,
thus it helps in saving energy.
CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS
• WINDOW SHADES:

Window shades should cut off


sun in the summer but allow the
sun in the under heated period.
Further, the window section
should enhance air velocity
while still acting as shade. This
could be achieved either by
introducing a planter at the
window sill or else by adding
smaller shades at the glazing.
CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS
• PROJECTIONS: Large projecting
and wide verandahs are needed
in composite climate as out-door
living areas, to reduce sky glare,
keep out the rain and provide
shades.
CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS
• JALIS: Jalis on the outer facade
of the building helps in cooling,
shading and ventilation.

• WALL THICKNESS: Walls work


as an insulator of heat so that
they don't allow heat to attack
inside the building in summers
and to spread outside from the
inside in winters. That is why
thickness of walls are provided
more than usual at some places.
CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS
• PLINTH: High plinth is provided to prevent the
rainwater for coming inside the building.
CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS
• WATER BODIES:

Water absorbs relatively large


amounts of radiation. It also
allow evaporative cooling. As a
result, during the daytime areas
around water bodies are
generally cooler. At night,
however, water bodies release
relatively large amounts of heat
to the surroundings and used
for.
CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS
• OPENINGS:
To reduce the humidity and for ventilation openings (i.e. doors,
windows, ventilators and corridor's) are provided large in
numbers.
CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS
• VEGITATION: Deciduous trees, creepers and vines provide shade
when needed and also allow the sun rays to penetrate inside in
the cool season when they loose their foliage.
CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS
• COURTYARD: Courtyard should be designed in such a way so as
to allow sun penetration during the winter months, but provides
shading in the hot season.
CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS
• ROOF AND WALL INSULATION: Placed at the outer surface of
walls and roofs and helps retain cool in summer heat in winter.
This can create a major impact on indoor thermal comfort of the
building.
CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS
• ROOF POND :
THANK YOU

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