Wideband Pass Filter with OP Amplifier

Agnes, Rico Gabriel A.

Dayego, John Michael Vincent B.

Macadangdang, Edwin Dominic,

Manao, Antoinette A.

Mendoza , Bernard Benedic R.

EECE Department, Mapua University

Muralla St, Intramuros, Manila, Philippines

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

[email protected] [email protected]

Abstract — Modern Computers can be referred to as f H , where f Lis the lower cut-off frequency and f H is the
hardware or software programs that can be instructed to carry higher cut-off frequency.
out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations that can be
displayed in the screen or electrical circuits. Computers are The center frequency is denoted by {f} rsub {C} and
built by putting other different components that enables the it is also called as resonant frequency or peak frequency.
device to execute different tasks depending on what
The f L must always be less than the value of . The pass band
instructions the user gave.
of the filter is nothing but the bandwidth. The gain is filter is
This project focuses on TINA PRO simulations that maximum at resonant or center frequency and this is
simulates the wideband pass filter with operational amplifiers referred as total pass band gain. This pass band gain is
that computes the denoted by ‘ Amax ’
In this paper, includes the discussion of the functionality Band Pass Filter are commonly used in transmitters and
ofeach component were able to build showing that by receivers that are wireless. In a transmitter, the main purpose
implementing different logic gates and other components we of such filter is to restrict the output signal bandwidth to the
can execute the input data given by the user into instructions band allocated for the transmission. This prevents other
and come up with a working (partially) computer, the stations from interfering with the transmitter
simulation of this project is possible with the help of a software
called Logisim. A filter is a device in signal processing used to allow
wanted frequency components from the signals and to
Keywords – Bandpass Filter, Low Pass Filter, High Pass remove the unwanted ones. The background noise of the
Filter, Operational Amplifier , Wideband pass filter, Active Band interfacing signals is reduced by eliminating some
Pass Filter frequencies, which is known as filtering. Filter circuits can
be designed to combine the properties of the LPF (Low Pass
I. INTRODUCTION (SECTION 1) Filter) and HPF (High Pass Filter) into a single filter, which
As mankind progresses that gives birth to digital is known as a bandpass filter. This filter can be created by
technology, many electronic devices are invented such as combining a low pass filter and a high pass filter.
cellphones, telephones, laptops and other technology that III. Low Pass Filter (SECTION 1)
makes our life easier. Each electronic device consists of a
transmitter and receivers that converts the information into a A low pass filter is a filter that passes signals with a
signal suitable for transmission over a given frequency lower than a selected cut-off frequency and
communications medium then the receivers that will accept attenuates signals with frequencies higher than the cut off
the transmitted message from the channel and convert them frequency, the exact frequency response of the filter depends
into a form understandable to humans. on the filter design. For a low pass filter this pass band starts
from the initial for a low pass filter and continues up to the
specified cut-off frequency point at a certain decibel down
II. Bandpass Filter (SECTION 1) from the maximum pass band gain. Equally, the pass band
. begins from this low decibel cut-off frequency for a high
pass filter and continues to infinity or to the full open loop
Band Pass Filter is a circuit which allows only particular gain for an active filter.
band of frequencies to pass through it. This Pass Band is
mainly between the cut-off frequencies and they are f L❑and
IV. High Pass Filter (SECTION 1) these prototypes as an important part of our daily
living. The concepts and equations involved in
designing these filters showed us the behavior of
A high-pass filter is an electronic filter that passes the the design.
signals with a frequency higher than a certain cut-off
frequency and attenuates signals with frequencies lower than
a cutoff frequency. The amount of attenuation for each b. Objective (SECTION 1)
frequency depends on the filter design. A high pass filter is
usually modeled as a linear time-variant system.
The objective of this project is to compute the high and
High pass filter works as high frequency signals passes and
blocks, or impedes, low-frequency signals. In other words, low pass filter by looking at the wideband pass filter that
indicate the where the high pass and low pass is, by
high-frequency signals go through much easier than the low-
frequency signals. obtaining these two, we can compute the center frequency or
the resonant frequency. We can solve the Bandwidth by
subtracting lowpass filter and the high pass filter. Quality
factor is a dimensional parameter that describes how
V. Operational Amplifier (SECTION 1) underdamped an oscillator, we can solve this by dividing the
center frequency by bandwidth. The half power frequencies
are the point where the rms current or the voltage is
An operational amplifier is a DC-coupled high gain observed. There is two formula for this if the quality factor
electronic voltage amplifier with a differential input and is less than 10.
usually, a single ended output. The operational amplifier can
be a voltage amplifying device that is designed to be used
with external feedback components such as resistor and
capacitors between its output and input terminals. It is a IX. METHODOLOGY/PROCEDURE (SECTION
high-gain electronic voltage amplifier with differential input 2)
and output that usually a single-ended output. Op-amps are
among the most widely used for electronic devices today as
they are used in a vast array of consumer, industrial and For us to accomplish or build this project a software
scientific devices. called Tina Pro was used to simulate the wide band pass
filter with operational amplifier. Tina Pro (Toolkit for
VI. Wideband Pass Filter (SECTION 1) Interactive Network Analysis) is a spice-based electronics
design and training software.
In a wide band pass filter, by simply cascading high-pass
and low-pass sections, a large bandpass filter can be created
and is generally the option for simplicity of design and
efficiency, although a number of possible circuits can
realize such a circuit. A first-order high-pass a
nd a first order low-pass sections are cascaded to from a
decade bandpass filter ;a second-order pass filter and a
second order low-pass are linked in sequence, and so on for
a decade bandpass filter is defined by the order of the high-
pass and low-pass filters of which its is composed.

VIII. Active Bandpass filter (SECTION 1) Center Frequency / Resonant Frequency:

f c =√ f L ∙ f H
An active bandpass is a bandpass filter provide the input
signal. In comparison, a passive bandpass filter does not
provide the input signal with any amplification at all, so the Bandwidth:
bandpass filter peak would be the same as the input voltage f H −f L
signal. The peak of the bandpass filter will be much greater
in the active bandpass filter than the input voltage signal Quality Factor:
because there is passive or active bandpass filter allows a
fC √f f
certain range of frequencies to pass through and greatly Q= = L H
attenuates all frequencies beyond this pass band. All that is BW f H −f L
required are resistors and capacitors for passive need either
transistors or operational amplifiers to amplify the circuit. Half Power Frequencies:
a. Motivation (SECTION 1) P=f c √1+¿ ¿

High Pass Filter:

Our motivation to do this design is to gain more 1
knowledge on different types of filters and to share f L=
the knowledge we have acquired while designing 2 πRC
this filter. Since these filters are widely used in
transmitting and receiving, we therefore consider Low Pass Filter
 1 https://www.electronicshub.org/active-band-pass-
f H=
2 π R' C ' filter/

https://www.electronics-
X. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (SECTION 3) notes.com/articles/analogue_circuits/operational-
High Pass Filter:
amplifier-op-amp/bandpass-active-filter-
1
f L= −6
=212.97 Hz design.php
2 π (15900)(0.047 x 1 0 )
Low Pass Filter:
1
f H= =1000.97 Hz
2 π (15900)( 0.01 x 10−6)

Center Frequency:
f c =√ (212.97)(1000.97) = 461.71 Hz

Bandwidth:
1000.97−212.97=788 Hz
Quality Factor:
461.71
Q= =0. 59
1000.97−212.97

Half Power Frequencies:

P = 461.71 √ 1+ ¿ ¿

P = 213.93

XI. CONCLUSION (SECTION 4)

A wide bandpass filter is composed of two kinds of filter
which is the high pass and the low pass filter. The high pass
filter is cascaded to the low pass filter. The wide band pass
filter’s quality factor is always less than 10. The low pass
filter frequency is always higher than the high pass filter
frequency, therefore, this type of filter will give us a larger
bandwidth. Given the larger bandwidth, the design of the
wide bandpass filter is flexible and easy to create.

REFERENCES

https://www.electronics-
tutorials.ws/filter/filter_7.html

https://www.circuitstoday.com/band-pass-filters

http://www.learningaboutelectronics.com/Articles/
Active-op-amp-bandpass-filter-circuit.ph