Pak History Main Events 1857-1900

Event Date Detail

War of Independence May 10, 1857 – Other name: Sepoy Mutiny/First War of Independence.
Nov 1,1858 Begun in Meerut
Reason of revolt: used kartoos made of pig, cow oil-
Religious factor
Government of India 2 August 1958 Dissolution of the British East India Company and passed the
Act 1858 power to British crown (Queen). The British Governor-
General of India was given the title of viceroy In
Government of India Act 1858. Charles John Canning(1st)
Indian Council Act 1861 1 August 1861 Was introuduced to
Urdu Hindi controversy 1867 Urdu vs. Hindi Devnagri at Banaras
First census in 17th February, Viceroy: Lord Ripon
subcontinent 1881
Indian National 28 December 1885 Founded at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in Bombay,
Congress is founded by with 72 delegates. Allan Octavian Hume assumed office as
A.O. Hume the General Secretary, and Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee of
Calcutta was elected President.
Indian council 1892 20 June 1892 The Indian Councils Act 1892 was an Act of British
Parliament that introduced various amendments to the
composition and function of legislative councils in British
India. Most notably, the act entailed provisions on the
number of additional members to be represented in the central
and provincial councils.

1900-1940

Partition of Bengal 19-20 July 1905 Bengal Division was divided into two sub parts by Lord
Curzon due to administering issue. West part had Hindu
majority and east part had Muslim majority. Hindus opposed
partition.
Simla Deputation  1st October 1906 35 leaders of Muslim community went to meet to the viceroy,
under the leadership of Sir Aga Khan, in Simla on 1st October
1906. demands that rights of separate electorates
AIML 30 dec,1906 3000 delegates attended the meeting. headed by both Nawab
(Dhaka) Waqar-ul-Mulk Kamboh and Nawab Muhasan-ul-Mulk (the
Secretary of the Muhammaden Educational Conference).
the All-India ‘All India Muslim League’ name was proposed by Samiullah
Muhammadan Khan.
Educational
Conference was Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah (Aga Khan III) became first
held in Dhaka from president of AIML.
27 December until
30 December 1906 six vice-presidents, a secretary, and two joint secretaries 
All India Muslim
League was
established in 1908 in
London under the
 Presidency of Ameer
Ali.

*Quaid-e-Azam Joined Indian National Congress 1906

Morley Minto Reforms( 12 March 1909  Separate Electorate for the Muslims
Indian Councils Act
1909
)
Indian press act 1910 The Press Act of 1910 was legislation promulgated in
British India imposing strict censorship on all kinds of
publications.
Annulment Of Bengal 12th December On the occasion of the visiting His Majesty George V to
1911 Indo-Pakistan and holding of Darbar Delhi the partition of
Bengal was cancelled under the viceroy of Lord Hardinge.
Capital was changed from Calcutta to Delhi.

*Quaid-e-Azam Joined All India Muslim League 1913 on the request of

Maulana Muhammad Ali Johar
December 25, 1876, Karachi
September 11, 1948, Karachi

Did his barrister in Lincoln’s Inn College London, 1896

The title of Quaid e Azam was given to Mohammad Ali Jinnah by Maulana Mazharuddin Shaheed
in 1938.

Lucknow Pact December 1916 Joint Session of Indian National congress and AIML allowed
the separate muslim electorate for religious minorities in the
provincial legislatures.
Montague Chelmsford 1919 giving more representation to the natives in India.
Reforms(Mont-Ford The Central Legislature was to consist of two houses, Upper
Reforms) House (Council of the State), and the Lower House
Government of India (Legislative Assembly). Council of the State was to consist of
60 members, out of them 35 members would be elected and
Act, 1919
rest of them would be nominated by the Governor General.
The Legislative Assembly was to consist of 144 members, out
of them 103 were to be elected and 41 to be nominated by the
Governor General. The duration of the Upper House was five
and of the Lower House was three years.

Viceroy: Chelmsford
Rowlett Act Act of 21 March legislation passed by the Imperial Legislative Council, the
1919 legislature of British India. The acts allowed certain political
cases to be tried without juries and permitted internment of
suspects without trial.
Jalinawala Bagh 13th April 1919 Where the British Indian army opened fire on gathering who
Massacre(Amritsar gathered in Jalinawala Bagh for oppsosition of Rowlett Act at
massacre) Bisakhi festival. According to official source 379 people were

killed. Ordered by General

 Reginald Dyer.
Khilafat 1919 , 1920 Muslims under the leadersip of Shaukat Ali and Maulana
Movement(1919-1922) Muhammad Ali Johar(brothers) started movement to restore
and Hijrat the Khilafat of Turkey, When the British did not pay much
Movement(1920) heed, The ulamas called the Indian territory Darul-Harb and
asked for the massive migration to Afghanistan.
non cooperation 1st August, 1920 Mahatma Gandhi with the aim of self-governance and
movement obtaining full independence as the Indian National Congress
(INC) withdraw its support for British reforms following the
Rowlatt Act of 21 March 1919, and the Jallianwala Bagh
massacre of 13 April 1919.
Simon Commission 3rd February1928 group appointed in November 1927 by the British
Conservative government under Stanley Baldwin to report on
the working of the Indian constitution established by the
Government of India Act of 1919
Nehru Report 10 August 1928 appeal for a new dominion status and a federal set-up of
government for the constitution of India.It was prepared by a
committee of the All Parties Conference chaired by Motilal
Nehru with his son Jawaharlal Nehru acting as a
secretary.Proposed joint electrorate with reservation of seats
for minorities in the legislatures and opposed separate
electrolate. AIML and Hindu Mahasaba Opposed the Nehru
report
Fourteen Points of 28 March 1929 the Muslim League session was held at Delhi under the
Quaid-i-Azam presidency of Jinnah .

Allahabad address 29 December 1930 25th annual session of the All-India Muslim League.
(Allama Iqbal ) Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan and NWFP

Sir Muhammad Iqbal Biography(9 November

1877 – 21 April 1938)

In 1907, Iqbal moved to Germany to pursue his

doctoral studies, and earned a Doctor of
Philosophy degree from the Ludwig Maximilian
University of Munich in 1908.

Because of his learning and knowledge, people soon

began to call him 'Allama' Iqbal and in 1922, King
George V of Britain, made him a knight, giving him
the title of Allama 'Sir' Muhammad Iqbal

Iqbal was elected president of the Muslim League

in 1930 at its session in Allahabad

The Tomb of Allama Muhammad Iqbal, or Mazaar-

e-Iqbal (Urdu: ‫ )مزار اقبال‬is a mausoleum located
within the Hazuri Bagh, in the Pakistani city of
Lahore, capital of Punjab province.
Round table conference 1st=12 nov,1930- In response to the inadequacy of the Simon Report, the
19,jan 1931 Labour Government, which had come to power under
communal award of 2nd=Sep 7, 1931 – Ramsay MacDonald in 1929, decided to hold a series
1932 Dec 1, 1931 of Round Table Conferences in London. DR B. Ambedhkar
3rd= Nov 17, 1932- demanded separate electorate for untouchable.
24 Dec 1932
Irwin pact between Gandhi and lord Irwin On 5 March
1931, pact was signed between M.K Gandhi and
The Communal Lord Irwin the Viceroy of India. The pact made the British
Award, announced Government concede some demands, which were given
by Ramsay below: To withdraw all ordinances and prosecutions. To
MacDonald on 16 release all the political prisoners before second round table. In
August 1932, 2RTC Gandhi opposed the separate electorate.
ensured the
retention of The third Round Table Conference was not attended by
separate electorates the Indian National Congress and Gandhi. Many other Indian
leaders were also absent. Like the two first conferences, little
was achieved. The recommendations were published in a
White Paper in March 1933 and debated in Parliament
afterwards. A Joint Select Committee was formed to analyse
the recommendations and formulate a new Act for India. The
Committee produced a draft Bill in February 1935 which was
enforced as the Government of India Act of 1935 in July
1935.

*Choudhry Rahmat Ali in his pamphlet Now or Never gave word PAKSTAN 1933
The Pakistan National Movement was founded in 1933 by Choudhry Rahmat Ali in London
Government of India Act 2 August 1935 having 321 sections and 10 schedules
1935 The Act led to:
1. Establishment of RBI.
2. FPSC, PPSC, JPSC.
3. Federal Court in 1937.
4. Bicameralism in 6 provinces
(Bombay, Madras, Bengal, Bihar, Assam and United
Provinces) out of 11 provinces.

Indian 1937 Provincial 1936-37 Provincial elections were held in British India in the
Elections(congress winter of 1936-37 as mandated by the Government of
ministries) India Act 1935. Elections were held in eleven provinces
- Madras, Central Provinces, Bihar, Orissa, United
Provinces, Bombay
Presidency, Assam, NWFP, Bengal, Punjab and Sindh.
The final results of the elections were declared in
February 1937. The Indian National Congress emerged
in power in seven of the provinces - the exceptions
being Punjab and Sindh. The All-India Muslim
League failed to form the government in any province.
Day of Deliverance 22 Dec, 1939 The "Day of Deliverance" ( Youm-e-Nijat) was a
celebration day marked by the All-India Muslim
League and others on 22 December 1939 during
the Indian independence movement. It was led by Muslim
League president Muhammad Ali Jinnah, and intended to
rejoice the resignation of all members of the
rival Congress party from provincial and central offices in
protest over their not having been consulted over the
decision to enter World War II alongside Britain.

1940-1947
Lahore Resolution 23 march,1940 The Lahore Resolution was written and prepared
by Muhammad Zafarullah Khan[1][2][3] and was presented
by A. K. Fazlul Huq, the Prime Minister of Bengal, was a
formal political statement adopted by the All-India
Muslim League on the occasion of its three-day general
session in Lahore on 22–24 March 1940. The resolution
called for independent states as seen by the statement:
Cripps Mission 1942 The British were alarmed at the successive victories of
Japan during 1940s. When Burma was turned into a
battle field and the war reached the Indian boarders,
the British started feeling more concerned about the
future of India. Situation in the country was further
complicated as the Congress wanted to take advantage
of the situation by accelerating their efforts in their
struggle for independence. Moreover the differences
between the Congress and the Muslim League were
widening fast and visibly there was no chance to bring
both the parties on a common agenda. In these
circumstances, the British Government sent a mission
to India in 1942 under Sir Stafford Cripps, the Lord Privy
Seal, in order to achieve Hindu-Muslim consensus on
some constitutional arrangement and to convince the
Indians to postpone their struggle till the end of the
Second World War.
Simla Conference (1945) When the war ended in August 1945, Viceroy Lord
Wavell decided to hold a political conference to which
he invited Muslim League and Congress
representatives. The conference began in Simla on June
24, 1945 and lasted till July 14, 1945.
The Viceroy proposed an Interim Central Government
in which all the portfolios except that of war would be
given to Indians.

The Congress denied Muslim League’s claim of being

the sole representative of the Indian Muslims. Quaid-i-
Azam took a strong stand on these two issues and the
 conference failed to achieve anything and finally ended
on 14th July, 1945.
Elections of 1945-46 December 1945 Leagues performance was even more impressive as it
to January 1946 managed to win all the 30 seats reserved for the
Muslims. The results of the provincial election held in
early 1946 were not different. Congress won most of
the non-Muslim seats while Muslim League captured
approximately 95 percent of the Muslim seats. On the
other hand League celebrated January 11, 1946 as the
Day of victory and declared that the election results
were enough to prove that Muslim League under the
leadership of Quaid-i-Azam was the sole representative
of the Muslims of the region
Cabinet Mission Plan New Delhi on 24 3 members
March 1946 After an extensive discussion with Congress and
Muslim League the Cabinet Mission gave its own
proposal on May 16 1946.
Interim Government Muslim League joined the Interim Government on
1946-47 October 25, 1946

Poor Man’s Budget Liaquat as Finance Minister, however, was the budget
(1947) he presented on February 28, 1947.

Lord Mountbaten plan 3rd june, 1947 Royal assent: 18 July 1947

Radcliffe Line between 17 August. On 16 August 1947 at 5:00 pm, the Indian and Pakistani
india and pak representatives were given two hours to study copies,
before the Radcliffe award was published 
By Cyril Radcliffe(lawyer)