Article - Regenerative Architecture PDF
Article - Regenerative Architecture PDF
Regenerative Architecture | Beyond
Sustainability Design to Actively Heal
the Environment
Updated on April 6, 2013
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What is regenerative architecture?
Regenerative architecture, and the regenerative mode of thinking is to move beyond the linear throughput model
of inputsconsumptionwaste that characterize all of our current development. Beyond being zero energy or being
carbon neutral, it is a fundamental repositioning of the question. Regenerative seeks to go beyond doing no harm
it is the coevolution of human and natural systems, to design to actively heal the environment.
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Introduction
The current dominant industrial development model is a linear throughput one. This process generates waste and
results in environmental pollution and degradation when the waste generated is greater than the capacity of the
sinks. This has pretty much been the way human consumption patterns have ever been, but waste from our
current consumption patterns are now breaching the capacity of Earth to absorb. There is habitat destruction,
resource depletion, watershed degradation and waste generation.
Nature in contrast, presents a very different model of production and consumption. It is a closed loop model where
the effluents of one organism serves as the raw material of another organism. This is a cycle where material flows
are constantly exchanged and renewed.
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The Sustainability Equation
The primary difference between these two models lie in their end goals. To much of human consumption and
production, the primary objective has been efficiency as the end goal. Even in the current sustainability drive,
efficiency has very much been the main focus of efforts. What regenerative thinking seeks to overturn is this
concept of efficiency.
In contrast, regenerative systems have a very different focus. Rather than asking the question of "Is it efficient",
the primary question that regenerative systems ask is this "is it EFFECTIVE?" For example, we keep seeking to
produce more and more fuel efficienct cars, but ultimately that is a zero sum game. Instead, the 1st question we
should have asked is whether cars are good, whether cars are an effective mode of transport in the first place!
Thus, for regenerative systems and architecture, the key principles are the following:
Effectiveness as end goal
Close loop system
Integrate human processes with natural processes
Symbiosis between different elements
Multiple pathways to the same goal
Within renewal capacity
Principles explained
1. Effectiveness This is mainly concerned with making good decisions. 'Good' is not defined as for the sole
benefit of the human species, but good in terms of all species. We are not detached from the ecosystem and
we need to start to recognize what is good for us may not be good at all for the ecosystem.
2. Closed looped system We need to design and remake our production processes to form closed loops
where material flows are cycled and remove the concept of waste. This field of study is termed industrial
ecology. An industrial ecosystem is a system in which the consumption of energy and materials is optimized,
waste generation is minimized and the effluents of one process serves as the raw material for another
process.
3. Integrate human processes with natural processes We are very much part of nature, as much as we don't
realize it. Plants covert carbon dioxide to the oxygen that we breathe. The hydrological cycle constantly
replenishes our freshwater supply. We need to start to redesign our processes to be aligned with natural
processes, to protect, reinforce and strengthen them where possible. For example, rather than building
seawalls to protect against erosion and flooding, it's far more effective to use natural vegetation to do the
same work!
4. Symbiosis between different elements We nee to start designing our systems to take advantage of share
linkages that would provide mutual benefit. This is similar to processes in nature where bees and flowers for
example share are mutually dependent.
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5. Multiple pathways Like ecosystems, we need to redesign our systems to have multiple means to the same
goal. This makes our system resilient. Going by the efficiency theory, only one method should be the best, but
viewing from the lenses of effectiveness, it creates a dynamic web of flexible, mutually supporting
relationships. Using the same example of bees and flowers. Although flowers depends on bees to pollinate,
alternative pathways exist like the hummingbird, which also fulfill the same function.
6. Within renewal capacity Any system, when overloaded, will degrade over time. Hence, regenerative
systems must work within the carrying capacity. Hence, the role of the designer is to decide what is
appropriate development and how much is optimal development.
Strategies for Regenerative Design
John Tillman Lyle proposes the following strategies for regenerative design in his book "Regenerative Design for
Sustainable Development"
1. Let nature do the work
2. Consider nature as both model and context
3. Aggregate, not isolate
4. Seeking optimum levels for multiple functions
5. Matching technology to need
6. Using information to replace power
7. Providing multiple pathways
8. Seeking common solutions to disparate problems
9. Managing storage
10. Shaping form to guide flow
11. Shaping form the manifest process
12. Prioritize for sustainability
These design strategies encompasses the 6 key principles discussed above and any designer would do well to
implement the strategies into their designs.
To understand regenerative design
Regenerative
Design for
Sustainable
Development
Regenerative Design for Sustainable Development
The 12 strategies of regenerative design are explained in detail here along with case studies of actual application
to real projects. Flies in face of conventional sustainable thinking. Groundbreaking.
Buy Now
Case study: Center for Environmental Studies, Oberlin College,
Ohio (2000)
Features: Campus, Higher Education, Library, Auditorium
Architect: William McDonough
Built up Area: 1206 sqm, 2 Storey
Occupancy: 80
Annual energy purchased: 4.23 kBtu/sqft
This is an energy POSITIVE building which is powered by sunlight, producing more energy than it consumes.
(Matching technology to need)
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A Living Machine, a series of tanks with plants and aquatic wildlife, treats wastewater for irrigation. This closes the
hydrological cycle and returns water to the local environment at the outdoor pond. The pond becomes a natural
habitat for wildlife and becomes a living classroom. (Let nature do the work, managing storage)
The local ecosystem is also being restored and biodiversity is preserved. The apple trees and vegetable gardens
produce food. (Seeking common solutions to disparate problems)
In addition, there is a monitoring network for all the critical parameters to provide information feedback so as to
have appropriate and optimized management. (Using information to replace power)
The community is also involved as the architecture becomes a living classroom. The whole design disinvents the
concept of waste while building prosperity within ecological limits. (Shaping form to manifest process)
Building features
Cradle to
Cradle:
Remaking the
Way We Make
Things
Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things
An extremely important book describing the closed loop concept by the architect William Mcdonough
Buy Now
View of pond and living machine
Ecosystem restoration Source: http://www.oberlin.edu/
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