Exercise 6B

1 a y  4e 7 x 2 a f ( x)  34 x
4x
dy f ( x)  eln(3 )  e 4 x ln 3  e(4ln3) x
 4  7e 7 x  28e 7 x
dx f ( x)  (4 ln 3)e(4ln 3) x  4 ln 3e 4 x ln 3
4x

b y  3x  4 ln 3eln 3  34 x 4 ln 3
x
y  e ln(3 )  e x ln 3  e (ln 3) x
b f ( x )   32 
2x
dy x
 ln 3e(ln 3) x  ln 3e ln(3 )  3x ln 3
dx dy
Using the result y  a kx   a kx k ln a
dx
c y   12  with a  and k  2 :
x 3
2

dy f ( x )   
3 2x
2ln 32
Using the result y  a kx   a kx k ln a 2
dx
with a  12 and k  1: c f ( x )  24 x  42 x
dy dy
  12  ln 12
x
Using the result y  a kx   a kx k ln a
dx dx
for each term :
d y  ln 5x f ( x )  2 4 x 4ln 2  42 x 2 ln 4
y  ln5  ln x
dy 1 1 Alternatively,
 0 
dx x x f ( x )  24 x  (22 )2 x  24 x  2 4 x  2  24 x
f ( x)  2  24 x 4 ln 2
e y  4  13 
x

dy 27 x  8x
Using the result y  a kx   a kx k ln a d f ( x) 
dx 42 x
with a  13 and k  1: 27 x  23 x
f ( x)  4x
 23 x  2 x
dy 2
 4  13  ln 13
x

dx f ( x)  2 3ln 2  2 x (1) ln 2
3x

 23 x 3ln 2  2 x ln 2
f y  ln(2 x ) 3

y  ln 2  ln ( x3 )  ln 2  3ln x 3 y  (e 2 x  e 2 x )2  e 4 x  2  e 4 x
dy 1 3 dy
 0  3   4e 4 x  4e4 x  4(e4 x  e 4 x )
dx x x dx
Where x  ln 3 :
g y  e 3 x  e 3 x
dy
dy
dx
4


 4(e 4ln3  e 4ln 3 )  4 eln 3  eln 3
4


 3e3 x  ( 3e3 x )
dx  4  34  34   4  81  811 
 3e3 x  3e3 x  323.95

(1  e x ) 2
h y
ex
1  2e x  (e x )2
y  e x  2  e x
ex
dy
  e x  0  e x  e  x  e x
dx
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4 y  2 x  2 x dP
7 b P  P0 k t   P0 k t ln k
dy dt
 2 x 1n 2  2 x 1n 2 With P0  37 000, k  1.01086..., t  100 :
dx
dP
dy  37 000  1.0108629100  ln1.0108629
When x  2,  4 1n 2 – 14 1n 2  154 1n 2 dt
dx  1178

 the equation of the tangent at  2, 174  is c The rate of change of population in the
y 17
 15
1n 2( x  2) year 2000.
4 4

or 4 y  (151n 2) x  (17  30 1n 2) 8 The student has treated ln kx as if it were ekx

– they applied the incorrect differentiation
formula.
5 y  e 2 x  ln x
1
dy 1 The correct derivative is
 2e 2 x  x
dx x
dy
When x  1, y  e 2 and  2e2  1 9 Let y  a kx
dx kx
Then y  eln a  e kx ln a  e( k ln a ) x
Equation of tangent at (1, e2) is dy
 (k ln a ) e ( k ln a ) x  k ln a ekx ln a
y  e 2  (2e 2  1)( x  1) dx
kx
Rearranging gives  k ln a eln a  a kx k ln a
y  (2e 2  1) x  2e 2  1  e 2
or y  (2e 2  1) x  e 2  1 10 a f ( x)  e2 x  ln ( x 2 )  4  e 2 x  2ln x  4
2
f ( x)  2e 2 x 
6 R  200  0.9t x
dR
 200  (0.9) t ln 0.9  100 ln 0.9  (0.9)t
dt b At P,
f ( x)  2 and x  a
When t = 8: 2
dR so 2e2 a   2
 200 ln 0.9  0.98  9.07 (3 s.f.) a
dt 1
e2a   1  0
a
7 a When t = 0, P = 37 000
ae  1  a  0
2a

So 37 000  P0 k 0  P0  a (e 2 a  1)  1
P0  37 000
11 a y  5sin 3x  2 cos 3x
When t = 100, P = 109 000 When x  0,
So 109000  37 000 k 100 y  5sin 0  2 cos 0  0  2  2
109
 k 100 Hence P (0, 2) lies on the curve.
37

and hence k   109

37 
1
100
dy
b  15 cos 3x  6 sin 3x
 1.01086287... dx
dy
 1.01 (3 s.f.) When x  0,  15 cos 0  6sin 0  15
dx
Equation of normal at P is
y  2   151 ( x  0)
or y   151 x  2

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12 y  2  34 x
dy
 2  34 x 4 ln 3  8 ln 3  34 x
dx
When x  1, y  2  81  162
dy
and  8 ln 3  34  648 ln 3
dx
Equation of normal at P is
1
y  162    x  1
648ln 3
1 1
or y   x  162
648ln 3 648 ln 3

Challenge

y  e4 x  5 x
dy
 4e 4 x  5
dx
Lines parallel to y  3x  4 have gradient 3.
dy
 3  4e 4 x  5  3
dx
e4 x  2
4 x  ln 2
ln 2
x
4
ln 2 ln 2 ln 2
When x  , y  eln 2  5  25
4 4 4
Equation of tangent at this point is
 ln 2   ln 2 
y 25   3 x  
 4   4 
ln 2 ln 2
y  3x  3  25
4 4
y  3x  2 ln 2  2

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