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Definition of Critical Thinking: Deductive Arguments Claim Inductive Arguments Claim

This document contains a mid-term test for a critical thinking course. The 10-question test assess students' abilities to identify logical patterns in arguments, determine whether arguments are deductive or inductive, complete arguments with missing premises, and critically evaluate the validity and strength of arguments. It contains multiple choice and short answer questions requiring analysis of arguments and use of Venn diagrams.

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46 views

Definition of Critical Thinking: Deductive Arguments Claim Inductive Arguments Claim

This document contains a mid-term test for a critical thinking course. The 10-question test assess students' abilities to identify logical patterns in arguments, determine whether arguments are deductive or inductive, complete arguments with missing premises, and critically evaluate the validity and strength of arguments. It contains multiple choice and short answer questions requiring analysis of arguments and use of Venn diagrams.

Uploaded by

Mỹ Hạnh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MID-TERM TEST

Course: Critical Thinking Test code: MIDCRIT101


Course code: 4112042 Credits: 02
Date: Time allocation: 50’
ENGLISH FACULTY
Name: …………………............... SCORE EXAMINER Code number
Class: ……………………………...
ID number:………………..............
Registration number:……………….

1. Complete the definition of Critical thinking with expressions given in the box below. (1m)
Critical thinking is the general term given to a wide range of .................. skills and .....................
dispositions needed to:
1. …………………………………………………………………..
2. …………………………………………………………………..
3. …………………………………………………………………..
4. …………………………………………………………………..
evaluate …… …… …… …… …… …… ……

2. Put each of the letters (A, B, C ...) for expressions in the correct box of these four standards of critical
thinking. (1m)
A ……………………………………… F ………………………………………
B ……………………………………… G ………………………………………
C ……………………………………… H ………………………………………
D ……………………………………… I ………………………………………
E ……………………………………… J ………………………………………
Consistency (2) Logical corectness (3) Completeness (6) Fairness (3)

3. Put each of the letters (A, B, C ...) of these expressions in the correct box of components of an argument.
(1m)
A ……………………………………… E ………………………………………
B ……………………………………… F ………………………………………
C ……………………………………… G ………………………………………
D ……………………………………… H ………………………………………
Argument Statement Conclusion Premise conclusion premise
indicator indicator
…………… …………… …………… …………… …………… ……………

4. Fill in the blank with the words/expressions that define deductive argument claim and inductive
argument claim. (1m)
Deductive arguments claim Inductive arguments claim

5. Write an argument (your own one) for the logical pattern or form in the box below. (1m)

e.g. Premise 1: If A then B. Premise 1:


Premise 2: A. Premise 2:
Conclusion: Therefore, B. Conclusion:

6. Write down the logical pattern or form for the following argument. (1m)

e.g. Premise 1: If we’re in Jupiter, then we’re in the solar system.


Premise 2: We’re not in the solar system.
Conclusion: Therefore, we’re not in Jupiter.

Deductive/inductive Logical pattern Name of this pattern


deductive If A, then B Modus Tollens (denying
Not B consequence)
Therefore, not A
7. What kind of argument is it? Provide your explanation for determining the kind of argument. (1m)

E.g. Premise 1: If anything is a dog, then it is a mammal.


Premise 2: If anything is a mammal, then it is an animal.
Conclusion: Therefore, if anything is a dog, then it is an animal.
i) Is it deductive or inductive?
ii) What kind of argument is it?
iii) Provide your explanation for determining the kind of argument.

Deductive/inductive Name of this pattern Logical pattern


deductive Modus Tollens (denying If A, then B
consequence) Not B
Therefore, not A

8. Examine the options below and answer the following question. (2ms)
E.g. 1) a. Anything that eats fish swims.
b. Fish swim and are eaten by things that swim.
c. Anything that swims eats fish.

Choose one of the premises given above to complete the following deductive argument.

Premise 1: ..................................................................................................
Premise 2: All turtles can swim.
Conclusion: So turtles eat fish.

E.g. 2)
a. Lawyers don't usually like to dance.
b. Dancers aren't interested in making money.
c. Being a lawyer is a day job.
d. Professional dancers can't write essays.
e. All professional dancers cannot hold a day job.
Choose two of the premises given above to complete the following deductive argument.

Premise 1: ..................................................................................................
Premise 2: ..................................................................................................
Conclusion: So, no lawyer is a professional dancer.
9. Draw the figure with Venn Cricles to represent the logical pattern of this argument (1m)
If anything is a dog, then it is a mammal.
If anything is a mammal, then it is an animal.
Therefore, if anything is a dog, then it is an animal. animal

mammal

dog

10. Examine the options below and answer the following question. (1m)
E.g. 1)
 All dogs are animals.
 Lassie is an animal.
 Therefore, Lassie is a dog.
i) Is the argument valid and sound? (for deductive argument)
ii) Explain your critical assessment.

valid sound explanation


no no The conclusion does not follow from the premise.
If Lassie is an animal, it does not necessarily mean Lassie is a dog, It can be a cat.
E.g. 2)
 Most college students own MP3 players.
 Andy is a college student.
 So, Andy probably owns an MP3 player.
i) Is the argument strong and cogent? (for inductive argument)
ii) Explain your critical assessment.
strong cogent explanation
yes yes Strong: if the premises are true, the conclusion is very likely true; the premise is
stated with high statistics (most/90% …)
Cogent: the argument is true, and all the premises are true with high statisics

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