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Module 1 Week 3 T-CEET213 1st Sem SY 20-21

The document discusses several geological and seismic concepts including lithification, hydrologic and biogeochemical cycles, erosion, faults, body waves, surface waves, and methods for mineral prospecting such as geological analysis, geophones, airborne magnetometers, electrodes, and Geiger counters.

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Jan Maykel
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40 views

Module 1 Week 3 T-CEET213 1st Sem SY 20-21

The document discusses several geological and seismic concepts including lithification, hydrologic and biogeochemical cycles, erosion, faults, body waves, surface waves, and methods for mineral prospecting such as geological analysis, geophones, airborne magnetometers, electrodes, and Geiger counters.

Uploaded by

Jan Maykel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lithification, complex process whereby

freshly deposited loose grains of


sediment are converted into rock. It
may occur at the time a sediment is
deposited or later.
HYDROLOGIC CYCLE

Describes the movement


of water between the
mediums of atmosphere,
earth, and ocean and back
again.
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE

Traces the movement of


an element, like carbon, in
the air, water, on and in
the land, and as used by
living organisms.
EROSION
Faults - A fault is a fracture along which the blocks of crust on either side have
moved relative to one another parallel to the fracture.
The majority of the seismic energy
released in the world is from
earthquakes occurring along the
plate boundaries, particularly
around the Pacific Rim or the so-
called Ring of Fire The next most
seismic region is the Alpide Belt
which slices through Europe and
Asia.
BODY WAVES SURFACE WAVES
Traveling through the interior of the earth, body waves Travelling only through the crust, surface waves are of a
arrive before the surface waves emitted by an earthquake lower frequency than body waves and are easily
distinguished on a seismogram as a result.
a. P Waves - This is the fastest kind of seismic a. Love Waves - named after A.E.H. Love, a
wave, and, consequently, the first to 'arrive' at a British mathematician who worked out the
seismic station. P waves are also known as mathematical model for this kind of wave in
compressional waves 1911. It's the fastest surface wave and moves
b. S waves- An S wave is slower than a P wave the ground from side-to-side
and can only move through solid rock, not b. Rayleigh Waves - wave rolls along the ground
through any liquid medium. just like a wave rolls across a lake or an ocean.
Because it rolls, it moves the ground up and
down, and side-to-side in the same direction
that the wave is moving.
1. Geological Analysis - where geologist carefully study the earths ground around a known ore
deposit
2. Geophones - it is the use of vibrations that are produces by dynamites or by hammering into
the ground using large devices
3. Airborne Magnetometer - another way of looking for ores. it is a way of prospecting using
an airplane with a magnetometer attached to it, it will fly low as possible, this result to a large
deal of ground to be search in a short length of time
4. Electrodes - attached and stuck into the earth, by putting an electricity in these rods,
geologist will be able to see metals that are highly conductible to energy and find their
locations.
5. Geiger Counter - if ores are not too deep underground, their radioactive can be read by the
Geiger counter, specially uranium, thorium and radium.

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