S-TEC

Pilot’s Operating Handbook

IntelliFlight 2100
®
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* Asterisk indicates pages changed, added, or deleted by

List of Effective Pages
current revision.

Retain this record in front of handbook. Upon receipt of a

Record of Revisions revision, insert changes and complete table below.
Revision Number Revision Date Insertion Date/Initials
st
1 Ed. Sep 30, 06
nd
2 Ed. Sep 30, 07

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 i

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Table of Contents
Sec. Pg.

1 Overview...........................................................................................................1–1

1.1 Document Organization....................................................................1–3

1.2 Purpose..............................................................................................1–3

1.3 General Control Theory....................................................................1–3

1.4 Principal Modes of Operation..........................................................1–4

1.4.1 Roll Axis Control.................................................................1–4

1.4.2 Pitch Axis Control...............................................................1–5

1.4.3 Yaw Axis Control.................................................................1–5

1.5 Block Diagram....................................................................................1–5

1.6 Display Legend..................................................................................1–5

2 Pre-Flight Procedures...................................................................................2–1

2.1 Power-Up Test....................................................................................2–3

2.2 Pre-Flight Test....................................................................................2–8

3 In-Flight Procedures......................................................................................3–1

3.1 Normal Operating Procedures........................................................3–3

3.1.1 Roll Attitude (ROLL) Mode.................................................3–3

3.1.2 Heading (HDG) Mode........................................................3–5

3.1.3 Navigation (NAV) Mode......................................................3–7

3.1.3.1 Pilot Selectable Intercept Angle.......................3–10

3.1.4 Global Positioning System Steering (GPSS) Mode....3–12

3.1.5 Control Wheel Steering (CWS) Mode............................3–13

3.1.6 Pitch Attitude (PITCH) Mode.............................................3–14

3.1.7 Indicated Airspeed (IAS) Mode........................................3–16

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3.1.8 Vertical Speed (VS) Mode.................................................3–18

3.1.9 Altitude Hold (ALT) Mode..................................................3–20

3.1.10 Altitude Pre-Select Function.............................................3–22

3.1.11 Automatic Trim Annunciations.........................................3–24

3.1.12 Manual Trim Annunciations...........................................3–24

3.1.13 Manual Electric Trim..........................................................3–25

3.2 Precision Approach Procedures.....................................................3–26

3.2.1 Straight-In ILS Approach....................................................3–26

3.2.2 ILS Approach with Procedure Turn................................3–29

3.3 Non-Precision Approach Procedures............................................3–29

3.3.1 Straight-In Back Course Approach..................................3–29

3.3.2 Back Course Approach with Procedure Turn...............3–32

3.3.3 Straight-In LOC Approach................................................3–35

3.3.4 Straight-In VOR Approach.................................................3–37

3.3.5 LOC Approach with Procedure Turn..............................3–39

3.3.6 VOR Approach with Procedure Turn..............................3–42

3.3.7 GPSS T Approach..............................................................3–45

3.4 Yaw Damper (YD) Mode...................................................................3–47

3.5 Flight Director (FD) Operation.........................................................3–47

3.5.1 AP and FD Modes Engaged...........................................3–48

3.5.2 FD Mode Engaged and AP Mode Disengaged............3–49

3.6 Go-Around (GA) Switch.....................................................................3–50

3.7 Menu (MNU) Switch...........................................................................3–50

3.8 Automatic Trim Disable....................................................................3–51

3.9 Autopilot Disconnect ........................................................................3–51

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4 Operating Parameters..................................................................................4–1

4.1 Roll Axis Limits..................................................................................4–3

4.2 Pitch Axis Limits.................................................................................4–3

4.3 Yaw Axis Limits..................................................................................4–3

5 Glossary...........................................................................................................5–1

List of Figures
Fig. Pg.

1–1 IntelliFlight 2100 Block Diagram................................................................1–6

1–2 IntelliFlight 2100 Programmer/Computer Legend..................................1–7

2–1 AP Display, Self Test In Progress................................................................2–4

2–2 AP Display, INITIAL AHRS ALIGNMENT......................................................2–4

2–3 PFD Display, INITIAL AHRS ALIGNMENT...................................................2–4

2–4 AP Display, AP RDY........................................................................................2–5

2–5 P FD Display, AP RDY....................................................................................2–5

2–6 AP Display, AP FAIL........................................................................................2–6

2–7 PFD Display, AP FAIL.....................................................................................2–6

2–8 AP Display, ADAHRS Failure.......................................................................2–7

2–9 PFD Display, ADAHRS Failure.....................................................................2–7

2–10 AP Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)...................2–9

2–11 PFD Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)................2–9

2–12 AP Display, HDG and PITCH Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)...................2–11

2–13 PFD Display, HDG and PITCH Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)................2–11

2–14 AP Display, HDG and IAS Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight).........................2–12

2–15 PFD Display, HDG and IAS Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)......................2–12

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2–16 AP Display, HDG and VS Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)..........................2–14

2–17 PFD Display, HDG and VS Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight).......................2–14

2–18 AP Display, HDG and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)............2–15

2–19 PFD Display, HDG and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight).........2–15

2–20 AP Display, CWS Mode Engaged (Pre-Flight).........................................2–17

2–21 PFD Display, CWS Mode Engaged (Pre-Flight)......................................2–17

2–22 AP Display, AUTO TRIM DN in Progress (Pre-Flight).............................2–19

2–23 PFD Display, AUTO TRIM DN in Progress (Pre-Flight)..........................2–19

2–24 AP Display, AUTO TRIM UP in Progress (Pre-Flight).............................2–20

2–25 PFD Display, AUTO TRIM UP in Progress (Pre-Flight)..........................2–20

2–26 AP Display, MANUAL ELECTRIC TRIM in Progress (Pre-Flight)..........2–23

3–1 AP Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged........................................3–3

3–2 PFD Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged.....................................3–4

3–3 AP Display, HDG and PITCH Modes Engaged..........................................3–5

3–4 AP Display, HDG and PITCH Modes Engaged..........................................3–6

3–5 AP Display, NAV and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged.....................................3–7

3–6 PFD Display, NAV and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, A/C on 45° Intercept Angle...3–8

3–7 PFD Display, NAV and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, A/C Turning onto Course......3–9

3–8 PFD Display, NAV and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, A/C Tracking Course...........3–10

3–9 AP Display, HDG and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, NAV Mode Armed ...............3–11

3–10 PFD Display, HDG and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, NAV Mode Armed .............3–11

3–11 AP Display, GPSS and PITCH Modes Engaged.....................................3–12

3–12 PFD Display, GPSS and PITCH Modes Engaged..................................3–12

3–13 AP Display, CWS Mode Engaged..............................................................3–13

3–14 AP Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged......................................3–15

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3–15 PFD Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged...................................3–15

3–16 AP Display, ROLL and IAS Modes Engaged............................................3–17

3–17 PFD Display, ROLL and IAS Modes Engaged.........................................3–17

3–18 AP Display, ROLL and VS Modes Engaged.............................................3–19

3–19 PFD Display, ROLL and VS Modes Engaged..........................................3–19

3–20 AP Display, ROLL and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged................................3–21

3–21 PFD Display, ROLL and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged.............................3–21

3–22 AP Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged, ALT HOLD Mode Armed............3–23

3–23 AP Display, ROLL and VS Modes Engaged, ALT HOLD Mode Armed................3–23

3–24 AP Display, ROLL and ALT HOLD CAP Modes Engaged...................................3–23

3–25 AP Display, ROLL and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged...........................................3–23

3–26 AP Display, AUTO TRIM UP in Progress......................................................3–24

3–27 AP Display, AUTO TRIM DN in Progress.....................................................3–24

3–28 AP Display, MANUAL ELECTRIC TRIM in Progress...............................3–25

3–29 AP Display, APR LOC and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, GS Mode Armed ..........3–27

3–30 PFD Display, APR LOC and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, GS Mode Armed......3–27

3–31 AP Display, APR LOC and GS CAP Modes Engaged..............................3–27

3–32 AP Display, APR LOC and GS Modes Engaged......................................3–28

3–33 PFD Display, APR LOC and GS Modes Engaged...................................3–28

3–34 Straight-In ILS Approach...............................................................................3–28

3–35 AP Display, REV Mode Engaged, Track LOC Back Course Inbound...3–30

3–36 AP Display, REV Mode Engaged, Track LOC Back Course Inbound...3–30

3–37 Straight-In Back Course Approach.............................................................3–31

3–38 AP Display, APR LOC Mode Engaged, Track LOC Back Course Outbound........3–32

3–39 AP Display, HDG Mode Engaged, A/C on Procedure Turn.....................3–33

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3–40 AP Display, HDG Mode Engaged, REV Mode Armed..............................3–33

3–41 AP Display, REV Mode Engaged, Track LOC Back Course Inbound..................3–35

3–42 Back Course Approach with Procedure Turn..........................................3–34

3–43 AP Display, APR LOC Mode Engaged, Track LOC Front Course Inbound..........3–35

3–44 Straight-In LOC Approach............................................................................3–36

3–45 AP Display, APR Mode Engaged, Track VOR Front Course Inbound.................3–37

3–46 Straight-In VOR Approach............................................................................3–38

3–47 AP Display, REV Mode Engaged, Track LOC Front Course Outbound..............3–39

3–48 AP Display, HDG Mode Engaged, A/C on Procedure Turn.....................3–40

3–49 AP Display, HDG Mode Engaged, APR LOC Mode Armed.....................3–40

3–50 AP Display, APR LOC Mode Engaged, Track LOC Front Course Inbound..........3–40

3–51 LOC Approach with Procedure Turn.........................................................3–41

3–52 AP Display, REV Mode Engaged, Track VOR Front Course Outbound..............3–42

3–53 AP Display, HDG Mode Engaged, A/C on Procedure Turn.....................3–43

3–54 AP Display, HDG Mode Engaged, APR Mode Armed..............................3–43

3–55 AP Display, APR Mode Engaged, Track VOR Front Course Inbound...3–43

3–56 VOR Approach with Procedure Turn.........................................................3–44

3–57 AP Display, GPSS and PITCH Modes Engaged, T Approach................3–45

3–58 GPSS T Approach..........................................................................................3–46

3–59 AP Display, YD Mode Engaged..................................................................3–47

3–60 AP Display, YD Mode Disengaged............................................................3–47

3–61 AP Display, AP and FD Modes Engaged..................................................3–48

3–62 PFD Display, Magenta Steering Command Bars...................................3–48

3–63 AP Display, FD Mode Engaged, AP Mode Disengaged..........................3–49

3–64 PFD Display, Green Steering Command Bars.......................................3–49

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3–65 MUTED ON Icon............................................................................................3–50

3–66 MUTED OFF Icon...........................................................................................3–50

List of Tables
Table Pg.

2–1 Power-Up Test...............................................................................................2–3

2–2 Pre-Flight Test...............................................................................................2–8

3–1 Roll Attitude (ROLL) Mode Engagement....................................................3–3

3–2 Heading (HDG) Mode Engagement...........................................................3–5

3–3 Navigation (NAV) Mode Engagement.........................................................3–7

3–4 Pitch Attitude (PITCH) Mode Engagement...............................................3–14

3–5 Indicated Airspeed (IAS) Mode Engagement..........................................3–16

3–6 Vertical Speed (VS) Mode Engagement...................................................3–18

3–7 Altitude Hold (ALT HOLD) Mode Engagement........................................3–20

3–8 Glideslope (GS) Mode Armed.....................................................................3–26

3–9 Reverse (REV) Mode Engagement, BCRS LOC Approach...................3–29

3–10 Approach Localizer (APR LOC) Mode Engagement, BCRS.................3–32

3–11 Approach Localizer (APR LOC) Mode Engagement..............................3–35

3–12 Approach (APR) Mode Engagement.........................................................3–37

3–13 Reverse (REV) Mode Engagement, LOC Approach...............................3–39

3–14 Reverse (REV) Mode Engagement, VOR Approach...............................3–42

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SECTION 1
OVERVIEW

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1.1 Document Organization

Section 1 Overview
Section 2 Pre-Flight Procedures
Section 3 In-Flight Procedures
Section 4 Operating Parameters
Section 5 Glossary

1.2 Purpose

This Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH) provides Pre-Flight and In-Flight

operating procedures for the S-TEC IntelliFlight ® 2100 Digital Flight Control
System (DFCS), hereafter also referred to as autopilot (AP), installed in selected
aircraft (A/C) and integrated with the Avidyne Primary Flight Display (PFD), as
well as the Garmin GNS 430/530 Navigation Receiver.

Note:

This POH must be carried in the A/C and made available to the pilot at
all times. It can only be used in conjunction with the Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA) approved Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) or Aircraft Flight
Manual Supplement (AFMS). Refer to the applicable AFM or AFMS for
A/C specific information, such as unique ground tests, limitations, and
emergency procedures.

Note:

The IntelliFlight® 2100 DFCS is a tool provided to pilots, that serves to assist
them with cockpit workload management. The ability of the autopilot to
provide optimum assistance and performance is directly proportional to the
pilot's knowledge of its operating procedures. Therefore, it is highly
recommended that the pilot develop a thorough understanding of the autopilot,
its modes, and operating procedures in Visual Meteorological Conditions
(VMC), prior to using it under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR).

1.3 General Control Theory

The IntelliFlight® 2100 DFCS is a three-axis attitude based autopilot. It controls

the roll, pitch, and yaw axes through selected modes of operation.

When in control of the roll axis, the autopilot senses roll attitude, roll rate,
heading error, and course error inputs from the air data, attitude, and heading
reference system (ADAHRS), and a course deviation input from the selected
navigation receiver.

When in control of the pitch axis, the autopilot senses pitch attitude, pitch rate,
pressure altitude, indicated airspeed, vertical speed, and vertical acceleration
inputs from the ADAHRS, and a glideslope deviation input from the selected
glideslope receiver.

When in control of the yaw axis, the autopilot senses a yaw rate input from the
ADAHRS, and a lateral acceleration input from an accelerometer in the yaw damper.

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These sensed data provide feedback to the autopilot, which processes them in
order to control the aircraft through the use of servos coupled to the control
system. The roll servo is coupled to the ailerons, the pitch servo is coupled to
the elevator, and the yaw servo is coupled to the rudder.

The autopilot senses an out of trim condition about the pitch axis whenever a
sensor in the pitch servo is activated. In response to this, the autopilot drives the
trim servo, which is coupled to the trim tabs, in the proper direction until the
aircraft is in trim.

The autopilot also includes an altitude pre-select function.

1.4 Principal Modes of Operation

1.4.1 Roll Axis Control

Autopilot (AP) Mode

Used to Engage Roll Servo

Flight Director (FD) Mode

Used to Laterally Drive Steering Command Bars

Roll Attitude (ROLL) Mode

Used to Hold Roll Attitude

Heading (HDG) Mode

Used to Turn onto a Selected Heading and Hold it

Navigation (NAV) Mode

Used to Intercept and Track a VOR Course

Approach (APR) Mode

Used to Intercept and Track a LOC Front Course Inbound

Reverse (REV) Mode

Used to Intercept and Track a LOC Back Course Inbound

Control Wheel Steering (CWS) Mode

Used to Capture and Hold new Roll Attitude, Pitch Attitude, Indicated Airspeed,
Vertical Speed, or Altitude

Global Positioning System Steering (GPSS) Mode

Used to Laterally Steer along a Course defined by GPS

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1.4.2 Pitch Axis Control

Autopilot (AP) Mode

Used to Engage Pitch Servo

Flight Director (FD) Mode

Used to Vertically Drive Steering Command Bars

Pitch Attitude (PITCH) Mode

Used to Hold Pitch Attitude

Indicated Airspeed (IAS) Mode

Used to Hold Indicated Airspeed

Vertical Speed (VS) Mode

Used to Hold Vertical Speed

Altitude Hold (ALT HOLD) Mode

Used to Hold Altitude

Glideslope (GS) Mode

Used to Intercept and Track Glideslope

Automatic Trim Mode

Used to Automatically Trim about Pitch Axis

1.4.3 Yaw Axis Control

Yaw Damper (YD) Mode

Used to Dampen Excessive Adverse Yaw

1.5 Block Diagram

The IntelliFlight® 2100 Block Diagram is shown in Fig. 1-1.

1.6 Display Legend

The IntelliFlight® 2100 Programmer/Computer Legend is shown in Fig. 1-2.

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Fig. 1-1. IntelliFlight® 2100 Block Diagram

1-6 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07
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1. Autopilot (AP) Mode Selector Switch

2. Flight Director (FD) Mode Selector Switch
3. Yaw Damper (YD) Mode Selector Switch
4. Heading (HDG) Mode Selector Switch
5. Navigation (NAV) Mode Selector Switch
6. Approach (APR) Mode Selector Switch
7. Reverse (REV) Mode Selector Switch
8. Ambient Light Sensor
9. Indicated Airspeed (IAS) Mode Selector Switch
10. Vertical Speed (VS) Mode Selector Switch
11. Altitude Hold (ALT HOLD) Mode Selector Switch
12. Menu (MNU) Mode Selector Switch
13. Altitude Selector (ALT SEL) Knobs
14. Up/Down (UP/DN) Modifier Switches
15. Altitude Selector/Alerter Annunciation
16. Active Pitch Mode Annunciation
17. Armed Pitch Mode Annunciation
18. Active Roll Mode Annunciation
19. Armed Roll Mode Annunciation
20. Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)

Fig. 1-2. IntelliFlight® 2100 Programmer/Computer Legend

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1-8 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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SECTION 2
PRE-FLIGHT PROCEDURES

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2.1 Power-Up Test

Perform the actions shown in Table 2-1. For each action, verify the corresponding
response where applicable.

Table 2-1. Power-Up Test

ACTION RESPONSE

1. Set Trim Master Switch to OFF ------

position.

2. Set Battery Master Switch to ON ------

position.

3. Set Avionics Master Switch to ON ------

position.

4. Set AP Master Switch to ON Self Test In Progress annunciation

position. appears on AP display as shown in
Fig. 2-1, followed by ATTITUDE FAIL
as shown in Fig. 2-2.

INITIAL AHRS ALIGNMENT

annunciation appears on PFD
display, as shown in Fig. 2-3.

AP READY annunciation appears on

AP display as shown in Fig. 2-4, and
AP RDY annunciation appears on
PFD display as shown in Fig. 2-5
(Note).

Note:

Should an AP failure be detected, the AP FAIL annunciation will appear on the

AP display as shown in Fig. 2-6, and on the PFD display as shown in Fig. 2-7.
However, should an ADAHRS failure be detected instead, the ATTITUDE
FAIL annunciation will remain on the AP display indefinitely as shown in Fig. 2-8,
and the PFD display will appear as shown in Fig. 2-9. In either event, the AP will
not operate. If this occurs, recycle power. Contact your local S-TEC dealer
should the condition persist.

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Fig. 2-1. AP Display, Self Test In Progress

Fig. 2-2. AP Display, INITIAL AHRS ALIGNMENT

Fig. 2-3. PFD Display, INITIAL AHRS ALIGNMENT

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Fig. 2-4. AP Display, AP READY

Fig. 2-5. PFD Display, AP RDY

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Fig. 2-6. AP Display, AP FAIL

Fig. 2-7. PFD Display, AP FAIL

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Fig. 2-8. AP Display, ADAHRS Failure

Fig. 2-9. PFD Display, ADAHRS Failure

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2.2 Pre-Flight Test

Prior to takeoff and with engine running, perform the actions shown in Table 2-2.
For each action, verify the corresponding response where applicable. All actions
pertaining to mode selector switches apply to the AP, and not the PFD.
Table 2-2. Pre-Flight Test (continued on page 2-10)
ACTION RESPONSE

1. Move A/C Control Wheel left and ------

right, to sense its freedom of
movement about roll axis.

2. Move A/C Control Wheel forward ------

and aft, to sense its freedom of
movement about pitch axis.

3. Actuate A/C Rudder Pedals ------

alternately in succession, to sense
their freedom of movement about yaw
axis.

4. Press AP mode selector switch, to AP, FD, and YD LEDs illuminate,

engage roll attitude, pitch attitude, while ROLL and PITCH
flight director, and yaw damper annunciations appear on AP display,
modes. as shown in Fig. 2-10.

AP, ROLL and PITCH annunciations

appear on PFD display, along with
magenta FD Steering Command
Bars, as shown in Fig. 2-11.

5. Attempt movement of A/C Control A/C Control Wheel’s reduced

Wheel left and right. freedom of movement indicates that
Roll Servo is engaged.

Roll Servo can be overridden. If not,

disconnect autopilot and do not use.

6. Attempt movement of A/C Control A/C Control Wheel’s reduced

Wheel forward and aft. freedom of movement indicates that
Pitch Servo is engaged.

Pitch Servo can be overridden. If not,

disconnect autopilot and do not use.

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Fig. 2-10. AP Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)

Fig. 2-11. PFD Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)
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Table 2-2. Pre-Flight Test (continued from page 2-8)

ACTION RESPONSE

7. Attempt actuation of A/C Rudder A/C Rudder Pedals’ reduced freedom

Pedals, alternately in succession. of movement indicates that Yaw
Servo is engaged.

Yaw Servo can be overridden. If not,

disconnect autopilot and do not use.

8. Set PFD Hdg Bug under Lubber ------

Line.

9. Press HDG mode selector switch HDG annunciation replaces ROLL on

to engage heading mode. AP display, as shown in Fig. 2-12.

HDG annunciation replaces ROLL on

PFD display, as shown in Fig. 2-13.

10. Turn PFD Hdg Bug to the left A/C Control Wheel turns to the left.
side of Lubber Line.
FD Steering Command Bars on PFD
slowly move to a left bank position.

11. Turn PFD Hdg Bug to the right A/C Control Wheel turns to the right.
side of Lubber Line.
FD Steering Command Bars on PFD
slowly move to a right bank position.

12. Set PFD Hdg Bug under Lubber A/C Control Wheel stops.
Line.

13. Press IAS mode selector switch IAS annunciation replaces PITCH on
to engage indicated airspeed mode. AP display, and number 100 appears
to indicate lowest airspeed allowed in
KTS, as shown in Fig. 2-14.
IAS annunciation replaces PITCH on
PFD display, as shown in Fig. 2-15.

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Fig. 2-12. AP Display, HDG and PITCH Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)

Fig. 2-13. PFD Display, HDG and PITCH Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)
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Fig. 2-14. AP Display, HDG and IAS Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)

Fig. 2-15. PFD Display, HDG and IAS Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)
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Table 2-2. Pre-Flight Test (continued from page 2-10)

ACTION RESPONSE

14. Press/Hold UP Modifier Switch. Airspeed indication increases on both

AP display and PFD display.

15. Press/Hold DN Modifier Switch. Airspeed indication decreases on

both AP display and PFD display.

16. Press VS mode selector switch VS annunciation replaces IAS on AP

to engage vertical speed mode. display, and number 0 appears to
indicate current vertical speed in
FPM, as shown in Fig 2-16.

VS annunciation replaces IAS on

PFD display, and VS Bug appears as
shown in Fig. 2-17.

17. Press/Hold UP Modifier Switch A/C Control Wheel moves aft – pilot
until a commanded vertical speed of may have to assist a heavy yoke.
500 (500 FPM climbing) is reached.
FD Steering Command Bars on PFD
slowly move to a pitch up
indication.

18. Press/Hold DN Modifier Switch A/C Control Wheel moves forward.

until a commanded vertical speed of
500 (500 FPM descending) is FD Steering Command Bars on PFD
reached. slowly move to a pitch down
indication.

19. Press ALT mode selector switch ALT HOLD annunciation replaces VS
to engage altitude hold mode. on AP display, and vertical speed
indication is extinguished, as shown
in Fig. 2-18.

ALT HOLD annunciation replaces VS

on PFD display, and FD Steering
Command Bars move to a level flight
indication, as shown in Fig. 2-19.

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Fig. 2-16. AP Display, HDG and VS Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)

Fig. 2-17. PFD Display, HDG and VS Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)

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Fig. 2-18. AP Display, HDG and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)

Fig. 2-19. PFD Display, HDG and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged (Pre-Flight)
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Table 2-2. Pre-Flight Test (continued from page 2-13)

ACTION RESPONSE

20. Press/Hold CWS Switch to CWS annunciation appears flashing

engage control wheel steering mode. on AP display as shown in Fig. 2-20,
and on PFD display as shown in Fig.
2-21, while audible alert sounds a
periodic tone.

21. Move A/C Control Wheel left and A/C Control Wheel’s increased
right. freedom of movement indicates that
Roll Servo is disengaged.

22. Move A/C Control Wheel forward A/C Control Wheel’s increased
and aft. freedom of movement indicates that
Pitch Servo is disengaged.

23. Actuate A/C Rudder Pedals A/C Rudder Pedals’ increased

alternately in succession. freedom of movement indicates that
Yaw Servo is disengaged.

24. Release CWS Switch to CWS annunciation is extinguished on

disengage control wheel steering AP display and PFD display.
mode.

25. Attempt movement of A/C A/C Control Wheel’s reduced

Control Wheel left and right. freedom of movement indicates that
Roll Servo is engaged.

26. Attempt movement of A/C A/C Control Wheel’s reduced

Control Wheel forward and aft. freedom of movement indicates that
Pitch Servo is engaged.

27. Attempt actuation of A/C Rudder A/C Rudder Pedals’ reduced freedom
Pedals, alternately in succession. of movement indicates that Yaw
Servo is engaged.

28. Set Trim Master Switch to ON ------

position.

2-16 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Fig. 2-20. AP Display, CWS Mode Engaged (Pre-Flight)

Fig. 2-21. PFD Display, CWS Mode Engaged (Pre-Flight)

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 2-17
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Table 2-2. Pre-Flight Test (continued from page 2-16)

ACTION RESPONSE

29. Move A/C Control Wheel as far After 3 seconds, TRIM Arrow
aft as possible. appears on AP display as shown in
Fig. 2-22, TRIM DN annunciation
appears on PFD display as shown in
Fig. 2-23, and A/C Elevator Trim
Wheel runs nose down.

After 12 seconds, TRIM Arrow

flashes and verbal alert “Trim in
Motion” sounds repeatedly.

30. Move A/C Control Wheel as far After 3 seconds, TRIM Arrow
forward as possible. appears on AP display as shown in
Fig. 2-24, TRIM UP annunciation
appears on PFD display as shown in
Fig. 2-25, and A/C Elevator Trim
Wheel runs nose up.

After 12 seconds, TRIM Arrow

flashes and verbal alert “Trim in
Motion” sounds repeatedly.

31. Set Trim Master Switch to OFF ------

position.

32. Move A/C Control Wheel as far After 3 seconds, TRIM Arrow
aft as possible. appears on AP display as shown in
Fig. 2-22, TRIM DN annunciation
appears on PFD display as shown in
Fig. 2-23, and verbal alert “Check
Pitch Trim” sounds once.

After 12 seconds, TRIM Arrow

flashes.

2-18 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Fig. 2-22. AP Display, AUTO TRIM DN in Progress (Pre-Flight)

Fig. 2-23. PFD Display, AUTO TRIM DN in Progress (Pre-Flight)

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 2-19
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Fig. 2-24. AP Display, AUTO TRIM UP in Progress (Pre-Flight)

Fig. 2-25. PFD Display, AUTO TRIM UP in Progress (Pre-Flight)

2-20 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07
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Table 2-2. Pre-Flight Test (continued from page 2-18)

ACTION RESPONSE

33. Move A/C Control Wheel as far After 3 seconds, TRIM Arrow
forward as possible. appears on AP display as shown in
Fig. 2-24, TRIM UP annunciation
appears on PFD display as shown in
Fig. 2-25, and verbal alert “Check
Pitch Trim” sounds once.

After 12 seconds, TRIM Arrow

flashes.

34. Move A/C Control Wheel aft until ------

TRIM Arrow is extinguished.

35. Turn Yaw Trim Knob fully CCW. Left A/C Rudder Pedal slowly
moves forward.

36. Turn Yaw Trim Knob fully CW. Right A/C Rudder Pedal slowly
moves forward.

37. Turn Yaw Trim Knob CCW until ------

A/C Rudder Pedals stop.

38. Press AP DISC / TRIM INTR AP READY annunciation appears

Switch. flashing on AP display and audible
alert sounds, while all other
annunciations and all LEDs are
extinguished.

AP READY annunciation stops

flashing on AP display but remains,
and verbal alert “Autopilot
Disconnect” sounds once.

AP RDY annunciation appears on

PFD display, while all other autopilot
annunciations and FD Steering
Command Bars are extinguished.

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 2-21

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Table 2-2. Pre-Flight Test (continued from page 2-21)

ACTION RESPONSE

39. Move A/C Control Wheel left and A/C Control Wheel’s increased
right. freedom of movement indicates that
Roll Servo is disengaged.

40. Move A/C Control Wheel forward A/C Control Wheel’s increased
and aft. freedom of movement indicates that
Pitch Servo is disengaged.

41. Actuate A/C Rudder Pedals A/C Rudder Pedals’ increased

alternately in succession. freedom of movement indicates that
Yaw Servo is disengaged.

42. Set Trim Master Switch to ON ------

position.

43. Press both forward and aft on In each case, A/C Elevator Trim
each segment of Manual Electric Trim Wheel does not run.
Switch, independently of the other.

44. Press/Hold aft on both segments TRIM annunciation appears flashing

of Manual Electric Trim Switch. on AP display as shown in Fig. 2-26,
and A/C Elevator Trim Wheel runs
nose up.

45. Press/Hold AP DISC / TRIM A/C Elevator Trim Wheel stops.

INTR Switch.

46. Release AP DISC / TRIM INTR A/C Elevator Trim Wheel resumes
Switch. running nose up.

47. Release Manual Electric Trim TRIM annunciation is extinguished on

Switch. AP display, and A/C Elevator Trim
Wheel stops.

2-22 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Table 2-2. Pre-Flight Test (continued from page 2-22)

ACTION RESPONSE

48. Press/Hold forward on both TRIM annunciation appears flashing

segments of Manual Electric Trim on AP display as shown in Fig. 2-26,
Switch. and A/C Elevator Trim Wheel runs
nose down.

49. Press/Hold AP DISC / TRIM A/C Elevator Trim Wheel stops.

INTR Switch.

50. Release AP DISC / TRIM INTR A/C Elevator Trim Wheel resumes
Switch. running nose down.

51. Release Manual Electric Trim TRIM annunciation is extinguished on

Switch. AP display, and A/C Elevator Trim
Wheel stops.

52. Press GA Switch. FD LED illuminates, while ROLL and

PITCH annunciations appear on AP
display.

ROLL and PITCH annunciations

appear on PFD display, while FD
Steering Command Bars move to an
8° pitch up attitude.

53. Trim A/C for takeoff. ------

Fig. 2-26. AP Display, MANUAL ELECTRIC TRIM in Progress (Pre-Flight)

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 2-23
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Page Intentionally Blank

2-24 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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SECTION 3
IN-FLIGHT PROCEDURES

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-1

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Page Intentionally Blank

3-2 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.1 Normal Operating Procedures

3.1.1 Roll Attitude (ROLL) Mode

From any active condition shown in Table 3-1, the corresponding subsequent
event will engage the roll attitude mode. The ROLL annunciation will appear as
shown in Fig. 3-1. The autopilot will hold the aircraft at its current (captured) roll
attitude. A typical view of the PFD with the roll attitude mode engaged is shown
in Fig. 3-2.

Table 3-1. Roll Attitude (ROLL) Mode Engagement

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

AP READY AP Switch Pressed ROLL Mode Engaged

HDG Mode Engaged HDG Switch Pressed ROLL Mode Engaged

NAV Mode Engaged NAV Switch Pressed ROLL Mode Engaged

GPSS Mode Engaged NAV Switch Pressed ROLL Mode Engaged

REV Mode Engaged REV Switch Pressed ROLL Mode Engaged

Fig. 3-1. AP Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-3

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Fig. 3-2. PFD Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged

3-4 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.1.2 Heading (HDG) Mode

Set the PFD Hdg Bug to the desired heading on the compass card. From any
active condition shown in Table 3-2, the corresponding subsequent event will
engage the heading mode. The HDG annunciation will appear as shown in Fig.
3-3. The autopilot will turn the aircraft onto the selected heading and hold it. A
new heading can be selected thereafter by setting the PFD Hdg Bug to it. A
typical view of the PFD with the heading mode engaged is shown in Fig. 3-4.

Table 3-2. Heading (HDG) Mode Engagement

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

ROLL Mode Engaged HDG Switch Pressed HDG Mode Engaged

NAV Mode Engaged HDG Switch Pressed HDG Mode Engaged

GPSS Mode Engaged HDG Switch Pressed HDG Mode Engaged

APR Mode Engaged HDG Switch Pressed HDG Mode Engaged

APR LOC Mode Engaged HDG Switch Pressed HDG Mode Engaged

REV Mode Engaged HDG Switch Pressed HDG Mode Engaged

Fig. 3-3. AP Display, HDG and PITCH Modes Engaged

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-5

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Fig. 3-4. PFD Display, HDG and PITCH Modes Engaged

3-6 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.1.3 Navigation (NAV) Mode

Select the VOR frequency on the Navigation Receiver. Set the PFD Crs Pointer to
the desired course on the compass card. From any active condition shown in
Table 3-3, the corresponding subsequent event will engage the navigation mode.
The NAV annunciation will appear as shown in Fig. 3-5.

When CDI needle deflection is greater than 50% from center, the autopilot will
establish the aircraft on a 45° intercept angle relative to the selected course.
Even if CDI needle deflection is less than 50%, the autopilot may still establish
an intercept angle of 45°, provided that the aircraft's closure rate to the selected
course is sufficiently slow. Otherwise, the intercept angle will be less than 45°.
An exception to this occurs in the case of a pilot selectable intercept angle
(reference section 3.1.3.1). A typical view of the PFD during this stage of the
intercept sequence is shown in Fig. 3-6. Once the point has been reached at
which the autopilot must begin to turn the aircraft onto the course, the course is
captured. A typical view of the PFD during the ensuing turn is shown in Fig. 3-7.
After completing the turn, the autopilot will establish the crosswind correction
angle and track the course. A typical view of the PFD during tracking is shown in
Fig. 3-8.

Table 3-3. Navigation (NAV) Mode Engagement

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

ROLL Mode Engaged NAV Switch Pressed NAV Mode Engaged

HDG Mode Engaged, Course Captured NAV Mode Engaged

NAV Mode Armed

GPSS Mode Engaged VOR or LOC Selected NAV Mode Engaged

APR Mode Engaged NAV Switch Pressed NAV Mode Engaged

REV Mode Engaged NAV Switch Pressed NAV Mode Engaged

Fig. 3-5. AP Display, NAV and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-7

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Fig. 3-6. PFD Display, NAV and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, A/C on 45°° Intercept Angle

3-8 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Fig. 3-7. PFD Display, NAV and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, A/C Turning onto Course

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-9

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Fig. 3-8. PFD Display, NAV and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, A/C Tracking Course

Should the NAV Flag appear, the NAV and FAIL annunciations will alternately
flash on both the AP and PFD displays. If this occurs prior to course capture, the
autopilot will hold the aircraft's wings level, and not attempt to capture the course.
However, if this occurs after course capture, the autopilot will hold the last
known crosswind corrected course, and ignore CDI needle deflection.

Once tracking, should CDI needle deflection exceed 50% from center for a
period of 15 seconds, the NAV annunciation will flash on both the AP and PFD
displays. If the aircraft subsequently returns to within 50% CDI needle
deflection from center, the NAV annunciation will stop flashing but remain.

3.1.3.1 Pilot Selectable Intercept Angle

To select an intercept angle other than 45°, set the PFD Hdg Bug to the desired
intercept heading on the compass card, such that the difference between this
heading and the desired course is the intercept angle. Set the PFD Crs Pointer
to the desired course. Engage the heading mode, and press the NAV mode
selector switch to arm the navigation mode. The HDG and NAV annunciations
will appear as shown in Fig. 3-9.

3-10 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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The autopilot will establish the aircraft on the selected intercept angle (heading).
A typical view of the PFD during this stage of the intercept sequence is shown in
Fig. 3-10. The autopilot will hold this heading until the course is captured. At that
point in the intercept sequence, the HDG annunciation will extinguish and NAV
will move into its place on each display, to indicate engagement of the
navigation mode.

Fig. 3-9. AP Display, HDG and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, NAV Mode Armed

Fig. 3-10. PFD Display, HDG and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, NAV Mode Armed

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-11

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3.1.4 Global Positioning System Steering (GPSS) Mode

Program a valid waypoint or flight plan into the GPS Navigator, and press the NAV
mode selector switch. The NAV GPSS annunciation will appear as shown in Fig.
3-11. The autopilot will laterally steer the aircraft along the predefined
course. During the GPSS mode of operation, the autopilot will not accept any
course error input from the PFD Crs Pointer. A typical view of the PFD with the
GPSS mode engaged is shown in Fig. 3-12.

Fig. 3-11. AP Display, GPSS and PITCH Modes Engaged

Fig. 3-12. PFD Display, GPSS and PITCH Modes Engaged

3-12 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.1.5 Control Wheel Steering (CWS) Mode

Press and hold the CWS Switch to engage the CWS mode. The CWS
annunciation will appear flashing as shown in Fig. 3-13, while an audible alert
sounds. In addition, both the roll and pitch servos will disengage. Maneuver the
aircraft as desired, and then release the CWS Switch to disengage the CWS
mode. The CWS annunciation will extinguish, the audible alert will be squelched,
and both servos will re-engage.

The autopilot will resume operation in the previous mode. If the HDG mode was
engaged, the autopilot will hold the selected heading. If the NAV, GPSS, APR, or
REV mode was engaged, the autopilot will track the selected course. If the
IAS, VS, or ALT mode was engaged, the autopilot will hold the new indicated
airspeed, vertical speed, or altitude, respectively. If the ROLL or PITCH mode
was engaged, the autopilot will hold the new roll attitude or pitch attitude,
respectively.

Fig. 3-13. AP Display, CWS Mode Engaged

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-13

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3.1.6 Pitch Attitude (PITCH) Mode

From any active condition shown in Table 3-4, the corresponding subsequent
event will engage the pitch attitude mode. The PITCH annunciation will
appear as shown in Fig. 3-14. The autopilot will hold the aircraft at its current
(captured) pitch attitude. A typical view of the PFD with the pitch attitude mode
engaged is shown in Fig. 3-15.

The captured pitch attitude may be increased or decreased by pressing the UP

or DN Modifier Switch, respectively. A single press of the switch will change the
pitch attitude 0.25°. However, pressing and holding the switch will cause the
pitch attitude to change at a rate of 1°-per-second.

Table 3-4. Pitch Attitude (PITCH) Mode Engagement

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

AP READY AP Switch Pressed PITCH Mode Engaged

AP READY FD Switch Pressed PITCH Mode Engaged

IAS Mode Engaged IAS Switch Pressed PITCH Mode Engaged

ALT HOLD Mode Engaged ALT Switch Pressed PITCH Mode Engaged

GS Mode Engaged GA Switch Pressed PITCH Mode Engaged

3-14 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Fig. 3-14. AP Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged

Fig. 3-15. PFD Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-15

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3.1.7 Indicated Airspeed (IAS) Mode

From any active condition shown in Table 3-5, the corresponding subsequent
event will engage the indicated airspeed mode. The IAS annunciation will
appear as shown in Fig. 3-16, along with the current (captured) indicated
airspeed. The latter appears as a number in units of KTS (i.e., for example, 105
KTS). The autopilot will hold the aircraft at the captured indicated airspeed. A
typical view of the PFD with the indicated airspeed mode engaged is shown in
Fig. 3-17.

The captured indicated airspeed may be increased or decreased by pressing

the UP or DN Modifier Switch, respectively. A single press of the switch will
change the indicated airspeed by 1 KT. However, pressing and holding the
switch will cause the indicated airspeed to change at a rate of 20 KTS-per-
second.

Table 3-5. Indicated Airspeed (IAS) Mode Engagement

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

PITCH Mode Engaged IAS Switch Pressed IAS Mode Engaged

VS Mode Engaged IAS Switch Pressed IAS Mode Engaged

ALT CAP Mode Engaged IAS Switch Pressed IAS Mode Engaged

ALT HOLD Mode Engaged IAS Switch Pressed IAS Mode Engaged

GS Mode Engaged IAS Switch Pressed IAS Mode Engaged

Caution:

Engine power and airspeed must be monitored when the IAS mode is
engaged, since:

Insufficient power at low airspeeds may cause the aircraft to stall, and the
autopilot to disconnect.

Although the autopilot should limit the airspeed to 3-5 knots below the
aircraft's maximum operating airspeed Vmo, large power changes at higher
airspeeds may cause the aircraft to momentarily exceed Vmo.

3-16 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Fig. 3-16. AP Display, ROLL and IAS Modes Engaged

Fig. 3-17. PFD Display, ROLL and IAS Modes Engaged

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-17

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3.1.8 Vertical Speed (VS) Mode

From any active condition shown in Table 3-6, the corresponding subsequent
event will engage the vertical speed mode. The VS annunciation will appear as
shown in Fig. 3-18, along with the current (captured) vertical speed. The latter
appears as a number in units of FPM, prefixed by either an K arrow to indicate a
climb, or a L arrow to indicate a descent (i.e., for example, K500 indicates 500
FPM climbing). The autopilot will hold the aircraft at the captured vertical speed.
A typical view of the PFD with the vertical speed mode engaged is shown in
Fig. 3-19.

The captured vertical speed may be increased or decreased by pressing the UP

or DN Modifier Switch, respectively. A single press of the switch will change the
vertical speed by 100 FPM. However, pressing and holding the switch will cause
the vertical speed to change at a rate of 400 FPM-per-second.

During a climb, should the commanded vertical speed exceed the actual vertical
speed by 300 FPM for a period of 10 seconds, the VS annunciation will flash as
an alert to the potential for an impending stall condition. In this event,
immediately increase the aircraft's thrust if possible, reduce the commanded
vertical speed using the DN Modifier Switch, or both, until the VS annunciation
stops flashing.

Table 3-6. Vertical Speed (VS) Mode Engagement

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

PITCH Mode Engaged VS Switch Pressed VS Mode Engaged

IAS Mode Engaged VS Switch Pressed VS Mode Engaged

ALT CAP Mode Engaged VS Switch Pressed VS Mode Engaged

ALT HOLD Mode Engaged VS Switch Pressed VS Mode Engaged

GS Mode Engaged VS Switch Pressed VS Mode Engaged

3-18 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Fig. 3-18. AP Display, ROLL and VS Modes Engaged

Fig. 3-19. PFD Display, ROLL and VS Modes Engaged

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-19

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3.1.9 Altitude Hold (ALT HOLD) Mode

From any active condition shown in Table 3-7, the corresponding subsequent
event will engage the altitude hold mode. The ALT HOLD annunciation will
appear as shown in Fig. 3-20. Rotating either concentric ALT SEL Rotary Knob
a single detent will cause the current (captured) baro-corrected altitude to also
appear, as a number in units of FT (i.e., for example, 12500 FT). The autopilot
will hold the aircraft at the captured altitude. A typical view of the PFD with the
altitude hold mode engaged is shown in Fig. 3-21.

The captured altitude may be increased or decreased by pressing the UP or DN

Modifier Switch, respectively. A single press of the switch will change the altitude
by 20 FT, and the range is ±500 FT from the original captured altitude. However,
pressing and holding the switch will cause the altitude to change at a rate of 40
FT-per-second.

Table 3-7. Altitude Hold (ALT HOLD) Mode Engagement

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

PITCH Mode Engaged ALT Switch Pressed ALT HOLD Mode Engaged

IAS Mode Engaged ALT Switch Pressed ALT HOLD Mode Engaged

VS Mode Engaged ALT Switch Pressed ALT HOLD Mode Engaged

ALT CAP Mode Engaged ALT Switch Pressed ALT HOLD Mode Engaged

ALT CAP Mode Engaged Target Altitude Captured ALT HOLD Mode Engaged

GS Mode Engaged ALT Switch Pressed ALT HOLD Mode Engaged

GS Mode Engaged APR LOC Mode Disengaged ALT HOLD Mode Engaged

3-20 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Fig. 3-20. AP Display, ROLL and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged

Fig. 3-21. PFD Display, ROLL and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-21

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3.1.10 Altitude Pre-Select Function

The Altitude Pre-Select Function allows the pilot to pre-select a target altitude,
and the vertical speed (if within the aircraft's capabilities) at which the aircraft will
climb or descend, until that altitude is captured.

Pre-select the target altitude using the concentric ALT SEL Rotary Knobs. Rotate
either knob clockwise (CW) to increase the target altitude, or counter-clockwise
(CCW) to decrease the target altitude. Each outer knob detent changes the
target altitude by 1000 FT, whereas each inner knob detent changes the target
altitude by 100 FT. The target altitude will appear as a number in units of FT, as
shown in Fig. 3-22 (i.e., for example, 12500 FT), along with the ALT annunciation
to indicate that the ALT HOLD mode is armed. Pressing the inner knob once
cancels the target altitude, and displays dashes instead. Pressing the inner
knob a second time restores the target altitude. If no target altitude is initially
selected as indicated by dashes, then rotating either concentric knob a single
detent will cause the current altitude to appear.

Engage the VS mode, and use the UP or DN Modifier Switch to select the
desired rate of climb or descent, respectively. The VS annunciation will replace
the prior pitch axis mode annunciation, and the selected vertical speed will
appear as a number in units of FPM, as shown in Fig. 3-23 (i.e., for example,
K500 indicates 500 FPM climbing).

When the aircraft arrives at a distance of 1000 FT from the target altitude, an
audible alert sounds, followed by the verbal alert "One Thousand to Go". Once
the point has been reached at which the autopilot must begin a scheduled
reduction in vertical speed, the target altitude is captured. The VS annunciation
will be replaced by CAP, as shown in Fig. 3-24, to indicate engagement of
the ALT HOLD CAP mode. At 200 FT from altitude, the audible alert sounds
again, followed by the verbal alert "Two Hundred to Go". When the aircraft finally
reaches altitude, the verbal alert "Altitude" sounds and the ALT HOLD mode
engages. The ALT annunciation will extinguish and ALT HOLD will replace CAP,
as shown in Fig. 3-25. Should the aircraft happen to subsequently exceed a
distance of ±200 FT from the captured altitude, the audible alert "Check Altitude"
will sound.

3-22 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Fig. 3-22. AP Display, ROLL and PITCH Modes Engaged, ALT HOLD Mode Armed

Fig. 3-23. AP Display, ROLL and VS Modes Engaged, ALT HOLD Mode Armed

Fig. 3-24. AP Display, ROLL and ALT HOLD CAP Modes Engaged

Fig. 3-25. AP Display, ROLL and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-23
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3.1.11 Automatic Trim Annunciations

When the Trim Master Switch is in the ON position, the autopilot will provide a
trim annunciation whenever it is automatically trimming the aircraft. Should the
pitch servo loading exceed a preset threshold for a period of 3 seconds, the
autopilot will annunciate either a TRIM K Arrow or a TRIM L Arrow, as an
advisement that the autopilot is automatically trimming the aircraft in the indicated
direction. This is shown in Fig. 3-26 and Fig. 3-27, respectively. If the autopilot
is still in the process of automatically trimming the aircraft after 9 more seconds,
the trim annunciation will flash, and the verbal alert "Trim in Motion" will sound
repeatedly. As soon as the aircraft has been sufficiently trimmed, such that the
pitch servo loading is below the preset threshold, the trim annunciation will
extinguish and the verbal alert will be squelched.

Fig. 3-26. AP Display, AUTO TRIM UP in Progress

Fig. 3-27. AP Display, AUTO TRIM DN in Progress

3.1.12 Manual Trim Annunciations

When the Trim Master Switch is in the OFF position, the autopilot will provide a
trim annunciation whenever it is necessary to manually trim the aircraft using
the Elevator Trim Wheel. Should the pitch servo loading exceed a preset
threshold for a period of 3 seconds, the autopilot will annunciate either a
TRIM K Arrow or a TRIM L Arrow, as shown in Fig. 3-26 or Fig. 3-27, respectively.
In addition, the verbal alert "Check Pitch Trim" will sound once. After 9 more
seconds, the trim annunciation will flash. As soon as the aircraft has been
sufficiently trimmed, such that the pitch servo loading is below the preset
threshold, the trim annunciation will extinguish.

3-24 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.1.13 Manual Electric Trim

The Manual Electric Trim Switch is located on the Control Wheel. It can only be
used to trim the aircraft when the AP Mode is disengaged. Attempting to use it
otherwise will disconnect the autopilot. To trim the aircraft nose up, press aft
and maintain pressure on both segments of the Manual Electric Trim Switch. To
trim the aircraft nose down, press forward and maintain pressure on both
segments of the Manual Electric Trim Switch. In either case, the TRIM
annunciation will appear flashing as shown in Fig. 3-28.

Fig. 3-28. AP Display, MANUAL ELECTRIC TRIM in Progress

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-25

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3.2 Precision Approach Procedures

3.2.1 Straight-In ILS Approach

Execute a straight-in intercept and track of the FRONT INBOUND LOC course
(reference section 3.3.3), with either the PITCH, IAS, VS, or ALT HOLD mode
engaged. From any active condition shown in Table 3-8, the corresponding
subsequent event will arm the GS mode. The GS annunciation will appear as
shown in Fig. 3-29. A typical view of the PFD during this stage of the ILS
approach sequence is shown in Fig. 3-30.

Table 3-8. Glideslope (GS) Mode Armed

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

No Armed Pitch Mode APR LOC Mode Engaged, GS Mode Armed

CDI < 50%,
GDI < 50% Above GS

ALT HOLD Mode Armed APR LOC Mode Engaged, GS Mode Armed
CDI < 50%,
GDI < 50% Above GS

The armed GS mode can be subsequently disarmed by engaging a different roll

mode.

With the GS mode armed, once the aircraft arrives within 25% of the GS
centerline, either above or below, the glideslope is captured. The active pitch
mode annunciation will be replaced by CAP, to indicate engagement of the GS
CAP mode, and a vertical speed will be established that is proportional to the
indicated airspeed, as shown in Fig. 3-31.

With the GS CAP mode engaged, once the aircraft arrives within 5% of the GS
centerline, either above or below, or a period of 10 seconds has elapsed, the GS
mode engages. The CAP annunciation will extinguish and GS will move into its
place, as shown in Fig. 3-32. This marks the end of the intercept sequence, and
the beginning of tracking. A typical view of the PFD during tracking is shown in
Fig. 3-33.

Once tracking, should GDI needle deflection exceed 50% from center, the GS
annunciation will flash. Should the GS Flag appear, the GS and FAIL
annunciations will alternately flash.

At the Decision Height (DH) or Missed Approach Point (MAP), disconnect the
autopilot to execute either a manual landing or go-around, respectively.

A pictorial of this procedure is shown in Fig. 3-34.

3-26 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Fig. 3-29. AP Display, APR LOC and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, GS Mode Armed

Fig. 3-30. PFD Display, APR LOC and ALT HOLD Modes Engaged, GS Mode Armed

Fig. 3-31. AP Display, APR LOC and GS CAP Modes Engaged

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-27

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Fig. 3-32. AP Display, APR LOC and GS Modes Engaged

Fig. 3-33. PFD Display, APR LOC and GS Modes Engaged

GS Intercept
Decision Height (DH)

Fig. 3-34. Straight-In ILS Approach

3-28 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.2.2 ILS Approach with Procedure Turn

Execute a procedure turn intercept and track of the FRONT INBOUND LOC
course (reference section 3.3.5) above the approach altitude, just until the
aircraft is established on the FRONT INBOUND PROCEDURE TURN heading,
with the HDG mode still engaged. Press the VS mode selector switch to engage
the VS mode, and select the desired descent speed using the DN Modifier
Switch. Upon reaching the approach altitude, press the ALT mode selector
switch to engage the ALT HOLD mode. Press the APR mode selector switch to
arm the APR LOC mode, such that the autopilot will execute a straight-in intercept
and track of the FRONT INBOUND LOC course (reference section 3.3.3).
Execute a straight-in intercept and track of the GS (reference section 3.2.1).

3.3 Non-Precision Approach Procedures

3.3.1 Straight-In Back Course Approach

Select the LOC frequency on the Navigation Receiver. Set the PFD Crs Pointer to
the FRONT INBOUND LOC course on the compass card. From any active
condition shown in Table 3-9, the corresponding subsequent event will engage
the REV mode. The REV annunciation will appear as shown in Fig. 3-35. The
autopilot will intercept and track the BACK INBOUND LOC course. A typical view
of the PFD during tracking is shown in Fig. 3-36.

Table 3-9. Reverse (REV) Mode Engagement, BCRS LOC Approach

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

ROLL Mode Engaged REV Switch Pressed REV Mode Engaged

HDG Mode Engaged, BACK INBOUND LOC REV Mode Engaged

REV Mode Armed Course Captured

NAV Mode Engaged REV Switch Pressed REV Mode Engaged

APR Mode Engaged REV Switch Pressed REV Mode Engaged

APR LOC Mode Engaged REV Switch Pressed REV Mode Engaged

A summary pictorial of this procedure is shown in Fig. 3-37.

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-29

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Fig. 3-35. AP Display, REV Mode Engaged, Track LOC Back Course Inbound

Fig. 3-36. PFD Display, REV Mode Engaged, Track LOC Back Course Inbound

3-30 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Back Course
265° 085°

310°
a. Select LOC frequency.

b. Set PFD Crs Pointer to FRONT INBOUND LOC course.

c. Either:

Press REV mode selector switch to engage REV mode.

Or:

Set PFD Hdg Bug to desired intercept heading.

Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.

Press REV mode selector switch to arm REV mode.

d. Intercept and track BACK INBOUND LOC course.

Fig. 3-37. Straight-In Back Course Approach

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-31

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3.3.2 Back Course Approach with Procedure Turn

Select the LOC frequency on the Navigation Receiver. Set the PFD Crs Pointer to
the FRONT INBOUND LOC course on the compass card. From any active
condition shown in Table 3-10, the corresponding subsequent event will
engage the APR LOC mode. The APR LOC annunciation will appear as shown
in Fig. 3-38. The autopilot will intercept and track the BACK OUTBOUND LOC
course.

Table 3-10. Approach Localizer (APR LOC) Mode Engagement, BCRS

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

ROLL Mode Engaged APR Switch Pressed APR LOC Mode Engaged

HDG Mode Engaged, LOC Back Course APR LOC Mode Engaged
APR LOC Mode Armed Captured

NAV Mode Engaged APR Switch Pressed APR LOC Mode Engaged

REV Mode Engaged APR Switch Pressed APR LOC Mode Engaged

Fig. 3-38. AP Display, APR LOC Mode Engaged, Track LOC Back Course Outbound

At the appropriate time, set the PFD Hdg Bug to the BACK OUTBOUND
PROCEDURE TURN heading. Press the HDG mode selector switch to engage
the heading mode. The HDG annunciation will appear as shown in Fig. 3-39.
Hold this heading until the point at which it is time to turn the aircraft again. At
that point, turn the PFD Hdg Bug in two successive 90° increments, to establish
the aircraft on the BACK INBOUND PROCEDURE TURN heading. Press the
REV mode selector switch to arm the REV mode. The REV annunciation will
appear below the HDG annunciation, as shown in Fig. 3-40. Once the BACK
INBOUND LOC course is captured, the HDG annunciation will extinguish and
REV will move into its place, as shown in Fig. 3-41. The autopilot will intercept
and track the BACK INBOUND LOC course.

A summary pictorial of this procedure is shown in Fig. 3-42.

3-32 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Fig. 3-39. AP Display, HDG Mode Engaged, A/C on Procedure Turn

Fig. 3-40. AP Display, HDG Mode Engaged, REV Mode Armed

Fig. 3-41. AP Display, REV Mode Engaged, Track LOC Back Course Inbound

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-33

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1.
Back Course
265° 085°

2.
N
310°

130°

1. a. Select LOC frequency.

b. Set PFD Crs Pointer to FRONT INBOUND LOC course.
c. Either:
Press APR mode selector switch to engage APR LOC mode.

Or:

Set PFD Hdg Bug to desired intercept heading.

Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.

Press APR mode selector switch to arm APR LOC mode.

d. Intercept and track BACK OUTBOUND LOC course.

2. a. At appropriate time, set PFD Hdg Bug to BACK OUTBOUND PROCEDURE

TURN heading.
b. Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.
3. a. Turn PFD Hdg Bug in two successive 90° increments, to establish
aircraft on BACK INBOUND PROCEDURE TURN heading.
b. Press REV mode selector switch to arm REV mode.

c. Intercept and track BACK INBOUND LOC course.

Fig. 3-42. Back Course Approach with Procedure Turn

3-34 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.3.3 Straight-In LOC Approach

Select the LOC frequency on the Navigation Receiver. Set the PFD Crs Pointer to
the FRONT INBOUND LOC course on the compass card. From any active
condition shown in Table 3-11, the corresponding subsequent event will
engage the APR LOC mode. The APR LOC annunciation will appear as shown
in Fig. 3-43. The autopilot will intercept and track the FRONT INBOUND LOC
course.

Table 3-11. Approach Localizer (APR LOC) Mode Engagement

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

ROLL Mode Engaged APR Switch Pressed APR LOC Mode Engaged

HDG Mode Engaged, LOC Course Captured APR LOC Mode Engaged
APR LOC Mode Armed

NAV Mode Engaged APR Switch Pressed APR LOC Mode Engaged

REV Mode Engaged APR Switch Pressed APR LOC Mode Engaged

Fig. 3-43. AP Display, APR LOC Mode Engaged, Track LOC Front Course Inbound

A summary pictorial of this procedure is shown in Fig. 3-44.

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-35

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1. a. Select LOC frequency.

b. Set PFD Crs Pointer to FRONT INBOUND LOC course.

c. Either:

Press APR mode selector switch to engage APR LOC mode.

Or:

Set PFD Hdg Bug to desired intercept heading.

Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.

Press APR mode selector switch to arm APR LOC mode.

d. Intercept and track FRONT INBOUND LOC course.

2. a. At middle marker, if missed approach is declared, disconnect autopilot.

b. Stabilize aircraft.

c. Set PFD Hdg Bug to missed approach heading.

d. Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.

Fig. 3-44. Straight-In LOC Approach

3-36 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.3.4 Straight-In VOR Approach

Select the VOR frequency on the Navigation Receiver. Set the PFD Crs Pointer to
the FRONT INBOUND VOR course on the compass card. From any active
condition shown in Table 3-12, the corresponding subsequent event will
engage the APR mode. The APR annunciation will appear as shown in Fig. 3-45.
The autopilot will intercept and track the FRONT INBOUND VOR course.

Table 3-12. Approach (APR) Mode Engagement

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

ROLL Mode Engaged APR Switch Pressed APR Mode Engaged

HDG Mode Engaged, VOR Course Captured APR Mode Engaged

APR Mode Armed

NAV Mode Engaged APR Switch Pressed APR Mode Engaged

REV Mode Engaged APR Switch Pressed APR Mode Engaged

Fig. 3-45. AP Display, APR Mode Engaged, Track VOR Front Course Inbound

A summary pictorial of this procedure is shown in Fig. 3-46.

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-37

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1. a. Select VOR frequency.

b. Set PFD Crs Pointer to FRONT INBOUND VOR course.

c. Either:

Press APR mode selector switch to engage APR mode.

Or:

Set PFD Hdg Bug to desired intercept heading.

Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.

Press APR mode selector switch to arm APR mode.

d. Intercept and track FRONT INBOUND VOR course.

2. a. At middle marker, if missed approach is declared, disconnect autopilot.

b. Stabilize aircraft.

c. Set PFD Hdg Bug to missed approach heading.

d. Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.

Fig. 3-46. Straight-In VOR Approach

3-38 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.3.5 LOC Approach with Procedure Turn

Select the LOC frequency on the Navigation Receiver. Set the PFD Crs Pointer to
the FRONT INBOUND LOC course on the compass card. From any active
condition shown in Table 3-13, the corresponding subsequent event will
engage the REV mode. The REV annunciation will appear as shown in Fig. 3-47.
The autopilot will intercept and track the FRONT OUTBOUND LOC course.

Table 3-13. Reverse (REV) Mode Engagement, LOC Approach

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

ROLL Mode Engaged REV Switch Pressed REV Mode Engaged

HDG Mode Engaged, FRONT OUTBOUND REV Mode Engaged

REV Mode Armed LOC Course Captured

NAV Mode Engaged REV Switch Pressed REV Mode Engaged

APR Mode Engaged REV Switch Pressed REV Mode Engaged

APR LOC Mode Engaged REV Switch Pressed REV Mode Engaged

Fig. 3-47. AP Display, REV Mode Engaged, Track LOC Front Course Outbound

At the appropriate time, set the PFD Hdg Bug to the FRONT OUTBOUND
PROCEDURE TURN heading. Press the HDG mode selector switch to engage
the heading mode. The HDG annunciation will appear as shown in Fig. 3-48.
Hold this heading until the point at which it is time to turn the aircraft again. At
that point, turn the PFD Hdg Bug in two successive 90° increments, to
establish the aircraft on the FRONT INBOUND PROCEDURE TURN heading.
Press the APR mode selector switch to arm the APR LOC mode. The APR LOC
annunciation will appear below the HDG annunciation, as shown in Fig. 3-49.
Once the FRONT INBOUND LOC course is captured, the HDG annunciation will
extinguish and APR LOC will move into its place, as shown in Fig. 3-50. The
autopilot will intercept and track the FRONT INBOUND LOC course.

A summary pictorial of this procedure is shown in Fig. 3-51.

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-39
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Fig. 3-48. AP Display, HDG Mode Engaged, A/C on Procedure Turn

Fig. 3-49. AP Display, HDG Mode Engaged, APR LOC Mode Armed

Fig. 3-50. AP Display, APR LOC Mode Engaged, Track LOC Front Course Inbound

3-40 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.

130°

N
310°
4.

1. a. Select LOC frequency.

b. Set PFD Crs Pointer to FRONT INBOUND LOC course.
c. Either:
Press REV mode selector switch to engage REV mode.

Or:

Set PFD Hdg Bug to desired intercept heading.

Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.

Press REV mode selector switch to arm REV mode.

d. Intercept and track FRONT OUTBOUND LOC course.

2. a. At appropriate time, set PFD Hdg Bug to FRONT OUTBOUND PROCEDURE

TURN heading.
b. Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.
3. a. Turn PFD Hdg Bug in two successive 90° increments, to establish
aircraft on FRONT INBOUND PROCEDURE TURN heading.
4. a. Press APR mode selector switch to arm APR LOC mode.

b. Intercept and track FRONT INBOUND LOC course.

c. At middle marker, if missed approach is declared, disconnect autopilot.

d. Stabilize aircraft.

e. Set PFD Hdg Bug to missed approach heading.

f. Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.

Fig. 3-51. LOC Approach with Procedure Turn

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-41

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3.3.6 VOR Approach with Procedure Turn

Select the VOR frequency on the Navigation Receiver. Set the PFD Crs Pointer to
the FRONT INBOUND VOR course on the compass card. From any active
condition shown in Table 3-14, the corresponding subsequent event will
engage the REV mode. The REV annunciation will appear as shown in Fig. 3-52.
The autopilot will intercept and track the FRONT OUTBOUND VOR course.

Table 3-14. Reverse (REV) Mode Engagement, VOR Approach

Active Condition Subsequent Event Result

ROLL Mode Engaged REV Switch Pressed REV Mode Engaged

HDG Mode Engaged, FRONT OUTBOUND REV Mode Engaged

REV Mode Armed VOR Course Captured

NAV Mode Engaged REV Switch Pressed REV Mode Engaged

APR Mode Engaged REV Switch Pressed REV Mode Engaged

Fig. 3-52. AP Display, REV Mode Engaged, Track VOR Front Course Outbound

At the appropriate time, set the PFD Hdg Bug to the FRONT OUTBOUND
PROCEDURE TURN heading. Press the HDG mode selector switch to engage
the heading mode. The HDG annunciation will appear as shown in Fig. 3-53.
Hold this heading until the point at which it is time to turn the aircraft again. At
that point, turn the PFD Hdg Bug in two successive 90° increments, to establish
the aircraft on the FRONT INBOUND PROCEDURE TURN heading. Press the
APR mode selector switch to arm the APR mode. The APR annunciation will
appear below the HDG annunciation, as shown in Fig. 3-54. Once the FRONT
INBOUND VOR course is captured, the HDG annunciation will extinguish and
APR will move into its place, as shown in Fig. 3-55. The autopilot will intercept
and track the FRONT INBOUND VOR course.

A summary pictorial of this procedure is shown in Fig. 3-56.

3-42 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Fig. 3-53. AP Display, HDG Mode Engaged, A/C on Procedure Turn

Fig. 3-54. AP Display, HDG Mode Engaged, APR Mode Armed

Fig. 3-55. AP Display, APR Mode Engaged, Track VOR Front Course Inbound

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-43

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3.

130°

N
310°
4.

1. a. Select VOR frequency.

b. Set PFD Crs Pointer to FRONT INBOUND VOR course.
c. Either:
Press REV mode selector switch to engage REV mode.

Or:

Set PFD Hdg Bug to desired intercept heading.

Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.

Press REV mode selector switch to arm REV mode.

d. Intercept and track FRONT OUTBOUND VOR course.

2. a. At appropriate time, set PFD Hdg Bug to FRONT OUTBOUND PROCEDURE

TURN heading.
b. Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.
3. a. Turn PFD Hdg Bug in two successive 90° increments, to establish
aircraft on FRONT INBOUND PROCEDURE TURN heading.
4. a. Press APR mode selector switch to arm APR mode.

b. Intercept and track FRONT INBOUND VOR course.

c. At middle marker, if missed approach is declared, disconnect autopilot.

d. Stabilize aircraft.

e. Set PFD Hdg Bug to missed approach heading.

f. Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.

Fig. 3-56. VOR Approach with Procedure Turn

3-44 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.3.7 Global Positioning System Steering (GPSS) T Approach

Program the approach into the GPS Navigator, and press the APR mode
selector switch. The APR GPSS annunciation will appear as shown in Fig. 3-57.
The autopilot will laterally steer the aircraft along the predefined approach,
toward the IAF and FAF, making the required turn between them. Begin the
descent at the IAF in either the VS or IAS mode. During the GPSS mode of
operation, the autopilot will not accept any course error input from the PFD Crs
Pointer.

Fig. 3-57. AP Display, GPSS Mode Engaged, T Approach

A summary pictorial of this procedure is shown in Fig. 3-58.

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-45

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1. a. Program approach into GPS Navigator.

b. Press APR mode selector switch to engage GPSS mode.
c. Steer along predefined approach.
d. Begin descent at IAF in VS or IAS mode.
2. a. Prepare for turn toward FAF.
3. a. At MAP, if missed approach is declared, disconnect autopilot.
b. Stabilize aircraft.

c. Set PFD Hdg Bug to missed approach heading.

f. Press HDG mode selector switch to engage HDG mode.

Fig. 3-58. GPSS T Approach

3-46 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.4 Yaw Damper (YD) Mode

With the AP READY annunciation displayed, pressing the AP mode selector

switch will engage the yaw damper mode. This mode can be subsequently
disengaged by pressing the YD mode selector switch, and then reengaged by
pressing the switch again. Engagement is indicated by an illuminated YD LED,
whereas disengagement is indicated by an extinguished YD LED. This is shown
in Fig. 3-59 and 3-60, respectively. The yaw damper mode can be engaged or
disengaged at any time, regardless of whichever roll axis or pitch axis mode
happens to be engaged.

When the yaw damper mode is engaged, the yaw damper will dampen any
excessive adverse yaw. The Yaw Trim Knob should be adjusted as required,
to maintain a centered slip/skid ball.

Fig. 3-59. AP Display, YD Mode Engaged

Fig. 3-60. AP Display, YD Mode Disengaged

Caution:

1. Following any large power or flight profile change, disengage the yaw
damper mode and check the basic aircraft rudder trim. Retrim if necessary
using the Rudder Trim Wheel, and then reengage the yaw damper mode.

2. The yaw damper mode should always be disengaged prior to takeoff

and landing.

3.5 Flight Director (FD) Operation

The flight director is a display of the flight profile. It is commanded by the

autopilot. A pair of Steering Command Bars and an Aircraft Reference Symbol
(ARS), superimposed upon a pitch ladder, comprise the flight director. The flight
director operates either with both the AP and FD modes engaged, or with the AP
mode disengaged and the FD mode engaged. Although the ARS is always
yellow, the color of the Steering Command Bars is different for each of the two
conditions of flight director operation.
2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-47
S–TEC
3.5.1 AP and FD Modes Engaged

With the AP READY annunciation displayed, pressing the AP mode selector

switch will engage the AP and FD modes. Engagement of these modes is
indicated by an illuminated AP LED and FD LED, respectively, as shown in
Fig. 3-61. With both modes engaged, the Steering Command Bars are magenta,
as shown in Fig. 3-62. The autopilot will steer the aircraft toward the Steering
Command Bars, until the ARS is tucked into them, for any roll axis or pitch axis
mode of operation. The flight director provides a visual indication of how
accurately the autopilot is tracking its own roll and pitch commands.

Fig. 3-61. AP Display, AP and FD Modes Engaged

Fig. 3-62. PFD Display, Magenta Steering Command Bars

3-48 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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3.5.2 FD Mode Engaged and AP Mode Disengaged

With the AP READY annunciation displayed, pressing the FD mode selector

switch will engage the FD mode, as indicated by an illuminated FD LED shown
in Fig. 3-63. Alternately, with the AP READY annunciation displayed, pressing
the AP mode selector switch will engage the AP and FD modes. Under this
circumstance, press the AP mode selector switch again to disengage the AP
mode, thereby disengaging both the roll and pitch servos. With the FD mode
engaged and the AP mode disengaged, the Steering Command Bars are green,
as shown in Fig. 3-64. The pilot must steer the aircraft toward the Steering
Command Bars, until the ARS is tucked into them, for any roll axis or pitch
axis mode of operation. The flight director provides a visual indication of how
accurately the pilot is tracking the autopilot's roll and pitch commands.

Fig. 3-63. AP Display, FD Mode Engaged, AP Mode Disengaged

Fig. 3-64. PFD Display, Green Steering Command Bars

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-49
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3.6 Go-Around (GA) Switch

Pressing the GA Switch will result in the following simultaneous events:

1. Disengagement of AP Mode

2. Engagement of FD Mode

3. Engagement of ROLL Mode, holding the roll attitude of wings level

4. Engagement of PITCH Mode, holding a pitch attitude specific to aircraft type

5. Cancellation of any armed roll mode

6. Cancellation of any armed pitch mode

7. Cancellation of any target altitude

3.7 Menu (MNU) Switch

Pressing the MNU mode selector switch enables the display contrast
and brightness to be modified, and selected verbal alerts to be muted, as
follows:

1. Rotate outer ALT SEL Concentric Knob CW to increase display contrast.

2. Rotate outer ALT SEL Concentric Knob CCW to decrease display contrast.

3. Rotate inner ALT SEL Concentric Knob CW to increase display brightness,

and also that of mode selector switches.

4. Rotate inner ALT SEL Concentric Knob CCW to decrease display brightness,
and also that of mode selector switches.

5. Press inner ALT SEL Concentric Knob to alternately select between MUTED
ON and MUTED OFF, as indicated by the appearance of each particular icon
shown in Fig. 3-65 and 3-66, respectively. When MUTED ON is selected,
all verbal alerts are muted except for "Autopilot Disconnect". When MUTED
OFF is selected, no verbal alerts are muted.

Fig. 3-65. MUTED ON Icon Fig. 3-66. MUTED OFF Icon

3-50 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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6. Press UP Modifier Switch to increase brightness of AP, FD, and YD LEDs.

7. Press DN Modifier Switch to decrease brightness of AP, FD, and YD LEDs.

Menu activity does not affect the currently engaged autopilot modes of operation.
If the autopilot does not detect any menu activity for a period of 5 seconds, it will
revert to the previous display. All menu settings will be retained through
subsequent power cycles, except for muted verbal alerts.

3.8 Automatic Trim Disable

The automatic trim function can be disabled by any of the following means:

1. Press/Hold Remote AP DISC / TRIM INTR Switch.

2. Set Trim Master Switch to OFF position.

3. Pull TRIM Circuit Breaker.

3.9 Autopilot Disconnect

The autopilot can be disconnected by any of the following means:

1. Press Remote AP DISC / TRIM INTR Switch.

2. Set AP Master Switch to OFF position.

3. Pull AP Circuit Breaker.

4. Press AP mode selector switch when AP mode is engaged, but FD mode is

disengaged.

5. Press FD mode selector switch when FD mode is engaged, but AP mode is

disengaged.

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 3-51

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3-52 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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SECTION 4
OPERATING PARAMETERS

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 4-1

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4-2 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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4.1 Roll Axis Limits

Roll Attitude

38° (AP Disconnects)

Roll Rate

10°/sec (Roll Servo goes to Idle)

4.2 Pitch Axis Limits

Pitch Attitude

22° (AP Disconnects)

Pitch Rate

4°/sec (Pitch Servo goes to Idle)

Vertical Force Due to Acceleration

±0.6 g disregarding 1 g due to gravity (Pitch Servo goes to Idle)

1.6 g including 1 g due to gravity (Pitch Servo goes to Idle)

0.4 g including 1 g due to gravity (Pitch Servo goes to Idle)

4.3 Yaw Axis Limits

Lateral Force Due to Acceleration

0.05 g (Yaw Servo goes to Idle)

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 4-3

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4-4 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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SECTION 5
GLOSSARY

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 5-1

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5-2 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

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Term Meaning
A/C Aircraft
ADAHRS Air Data, Attitude, and Heading Reference System
AFM Aircraft Flight Manual
AFMS Aircraft Flight Manual Supplement
AHRS Attitude and Heading Reference System
ALT Altitude
AP Autopilot
APR Approach
APU Auxiliary Power Unit
ASI Airspeed Indication
BARO Barometric
BCRS Back Course
CCW Counter–Clockwise
CDI Course Deviation Indication
CRS Course
CW Clockwise
CWS Control Wheel Steering
DFCS Digital Flight Control System
DH Decision Height
DISC Disconnect
FAA Federal Aviation Administration
FAF Final Approach Fix
FD Flight Director
FPM Feet–per–Minute
FT Feet
GA Go Around
GDI Glideslope Deviation Indication
GPS Global Positioning System
GPSS Global Positioning System Steering
GS Glideslope
HDG Heading
HSI Horizontal Situation Indicator
IAF Initial Approach Fix
IAS Indicated Airspeed
IFR Instrument Flight Rules
ILS Instrument Landing System
INTR Interrupt
KTS Knots
LED Light Emitting Diode
LOC Localizer
MAP Missed Approach Point
MNU Menu
NAV Navigation
PFD Primary Flight Display
PN Part Number
POH Pilot's Operating Handbook
RDY Ready
REV Reverse
SEL Selector
TAS True Airspeed
VMC Visual Meteorological Conditions
Vmo Maximum Operating Airspeed
VOR Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Radio Range
VS Vertical Speed
VSI Vertical Speed Indication
YD Yaw Damper

2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07 5-3

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5-4 2nd Ed. Sep 30, 07

Information contained in this document is subject to change
without notice. © 2007 S-TEC. All rights reserved. Printed in
the United States of America. S-TEC and the S-TEC logo
are registered trademarks of S-TEC.

Notice:
Contact S-TEC Customer Support at 800-872-7832 for a
Return Material Authorization (RMA) number prior to the
return of any component for any reason.

One S–TEC Way

Municipal Airport
Mineral Wells, TX 76067–9236
Tel: 800–872–7832
Fax: 940–325–3904
www.s-tec.com
S–TEC PN 87251