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Department of Petrochemical Engineering College of Technical Engineering University of Polytechnic-Duhok

This document reports on an experiment to determine the rate constant and half-life of the hydrolysis of ethyl acetate with sodium hydroxide. The hydrolysis reaction produces ethanol and acetic acid. The rate of the second order reaction was measured over time and the rate constant was calculated to be 0.4285 M-1S-1. The half-life of the reaction was determined to be 93.37 seconds.

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Walid Adnan
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59 views

Department of Petrochemical Engineering College of Technical Engineering University of Polytechnic-Duhok

This document reports on an experiment to determine the rate constant and half-life of the hydrolysis of ethyl acetate with sodium hydroxide. The hydrolysis reaction produces ethanol and acetic acid. The rate of the second order reaction was measured over time and the rate constant was calculated to be 0.4285 M-1S-1. The half-life of the reaction was determined to be 93.37 seconds.

Uploaded by

Walid Adnan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Petrochemical Engineering

College Of Technical Engineering

University Of Polytechnic-Duhok

Subject: physical chemistry

Report Number: 3

Group number : B

Title:

Reporter Name: Walid Adnan Taher

Date Of Submits: 15/10/2019


Introduction
Hydrolysis is a chemical decomposition involving breaking of a bond and the
addition of elements of water. In this hydrolysis of ester (ethyl acetate) with an
alkali (sodium hydroxide), produce ethanol and acetic acid, the acetic acid
produced further reacts with available alkali to produce a salt, Sodium acetate,
HCl was used as catalyst to accelerate it.
CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → CH3COONa + C2H5OH
The hydrolysis of ethyl acetate illustrates a bimolecular reaction that gives sodium
acetate and ethanol as the product from which second order reaction, because
the reaction rate depends on the concentration of both the ester and sodium
hydroxide.

Therefor the rate of the second reaction


dx/dt=k[a-x][b-x]……… (1)
by Integration
K=[1/t(a-b)ln[b(a-x)/a(b-x)]……..(2)
Suppose that a=b
K=(1/t).[x/a(a-x)……..(3)
x/a(a-x)= k.t
or 1/a-x=1/a+kt

Half life (t)= 1\ak


Objective
To find
1. rate constant (k)
2. half life(t1/2)
Procedure
1-Prepare the following:
50 ml (0.05N) CH3COOC2H5.
50 ml (0.05N) NaOH.
10 ml (0.025) HCl.
100 ml (0.025) NaOH, in the burette.
Ph.ph.as indicator
2-Prepare a mixture of: (50) ml (0.05N) CH3COOC2H5+ (50 ) ml (0.05N) NaOHin a
conical flask and open the time with shaking the mixture continuously.
3-After (5min.) take:
(10) ml from the mixture + (10) ml of (0.025N) HCl+ (2-3) drops of ph.ph. and
titrate with (0.025) NaOHto determine (V1). The color changes from colorless to
pink.
Note (we use HCL to stop the reaction Or to stop the hydrolysis of ethyl acetate).
Calculation

Time s a (N) X (N) a-x (N)


40 0.025 0.0075 0.0175

NaOH=N1=0.025 Volume of NaOH in burette (V1)=3ml


HCI=N2=? Volume of HCI (V2)=10ml

N1V1(NaOH)=N2V2(HCI)
0.025×3=N2×10
N2=0.0075 N
Discussion
1. The order is second order reaction because the reaction rate depends on the
concentration of both the ester and base.
NaOH=a=0.025, Volume of NaOH in burette (V1)=3ml
HCI=N2=X=0.0075 Volume of HCI (V2)=10ml t=40 sec
The reaction rate constant K is
K=(1/(a-x)-1/a)/t=(1/0.025-0.0075)-1/0.025)/40
K=0.4285

2. k=3.5e-4 M-1S-1, a=0.26M , X=0.11M , t=?


t= x/a(a-x)÷k= 0.11/0.26(0.26-0.11)÷3.5e-4
t=8058.6 sec
3. The order is second order reaction
Slope=x/a(a-x)÷t=0.0075/0.025(0.025-0.0075)÷40
Slope=0.4285
Slope=k=0.4285

18

16

14

12
x/a(a-x)

10

0
35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80

Time

t0.5=1/ka=1/0.4285×0.025=93.37 sec

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