FREE NCERT SOLUTIONS

CLASS - 12

DETERMINANTS

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EXERCISE 4.1 - Question No. 1

Evaluate the determinants in |24 - 5 - 1|

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EXERCISE 4.1 - Question No. 2

Evaluate the determinants in (i) |cosθ - sinθsinθcosθ| (ii)

|x 2
- x + 1x - 1x + 1x + 1 |
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EXERCISE 4.1 - Question No. 3

If A =
[ ]
1 2
4 2
, then show that |2A| = 4|A|

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EXERCISE 4.1 - Question No. 4

[ ]
1 0 1
If A = 0 1 2 , then show that |3A| = 27|A|
0 0 4

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EXERCISE 4.1 - Question No. 5

Evaluate the determinants (i) |3 - 1 - 200 - 13 - 50| (ii) |3 - 4511 - 2231| (iii)

|012 - 10 - 3 - 230| (iv) |2 - 1 - 202 - 13 - 50|

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EXERCISE 4.1 - Question No. 6

If A = [11 - 221 - 354 - 9] . Find |A| .

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EXERCISE 4.1 - Question No. 7

Find values of x, if (i) |2451| - |2x46x| (ii) |2345| - |x32x5|

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EXERCISE 4.1 - Question No. 8

If
| || |
x
18 x
2
=
6
18 6
2
, then x is equal to (A) 6 (B) ± 6 (C)- 6 (D) 0

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 1

Using the property of determinants and without expanding, prove that:

|xax + ayby + bzcz + c| = 0

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 2

Using the property of determinants and without expanding, prove that:

|a - - - ab - - aa - bc - aa - - c| = 0

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 3

Using the property of determinants and without expanding, prove that:

|276538754986| = 0

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 4

Using the property of determinants and without expanding, prove that:

|1bca(b + c)1cab(c + a)1abx(a + b)| = 0

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 5

Using the property of determinants and without expanding, prove that:

|b + cq + ry + zc + ar + pz + xa + bp + qx + y| = 2|apxbqycrz|

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 6

Using the property of determinants and without expanding, prove that:

|0a - b - a0 - cbc0| = 0

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 7

Using the property of determinants and without expanding, prove that:

| - a abacbab bacb - c | = 4a b c
2 2 2 2 2 2
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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 8

By using properties of determinants. Show that: (i)

|1aa 1 ^ 21 ^ 2 | = (a - b)(b - c)(c - a) (ii)

2

|111abca b c | = (a - b)(b - c)(c - a)(a + b + c)

3 3 3

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 9

By using properties of determinants. Show that:

| × yzyy zxzz xy | = (x - y)(y - z)(z - x)(xy + yz + zx)

2 2 2

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 10

By using properties of determinants. Show that: (i)

| | | |
x+4 2x 2x y+k y y
2x x+4 2x = (5x - 4)(4 - x) 2 (ii) y y+k y = k 2(3y + k)
2x 2x x+4 y y y+k

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 11

By using properties of determinants. Show that: (i)

|a - b - c2a2a2 - c - a2b2c2 - a - b| = (a + b + c) 3 (ii)

|x + y + 2zxyzy + z + 2xyzxz + x + 2y| = 2(x + y + z) 3

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 12

|
By using properties of determinants. Show that: 1 × 2x 21 × x 21 = 1 - x 3 | ( ) 2

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 13

By using properties of determinants. Show that:

| | (
1 + a 2 - b 22ab - 2b2ab1 - a 2 + b 22a2b - 2a1 - a 2 - b 2 = 1 + a 2 + b 2 ) 3

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 14

By using properties of determinants. Show that:

|a 2
| (
+ 1abaca ^ 2 + 1bacbc 2 + 1 = 1 + a 2 + b 2 + b 2 )
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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 15

Let A be a square matrix of order 3 × 3 , then |kA| is equal to (A) k|A| (B) k 2|A|

(C) K 3|A| (D) 3k|A|

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EXERCISE 4.2 - Question No. 16

Which of the following is correct (A) Determinant is a square matrix. (B)

Determinant is a number associated to a matrix. (C) Determinant is a number

associated to a square matrix. (D) None of these

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EXERCISE 4.3 - Question No. 1

Find area of the triangle with vertices at the point given in each of the following :

(i) (1, 0), (6, 0), (4, 3) (ii) (2, 7), (1, 1), (10, 8) (iii) ( - 2, - 3), (3, 2), ( - 1, - 8)

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EXERCISE 4.3 - Question No. 2

Show that points A(a, b + c) , B(b, c + a) , C(c, a + b) are collinear.

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EXERCISE 4.3 - Question No. 3

Find values of k if area of triangle is 4 sq. units and vertices are (ii)

(2, 0), (0, 4), (0, k)

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EXERCISE 4.3 - Question No. 4

(i) Find equation of line joining (1,2) and (3,6) using determinants, (ii) Find

equation of line joining (3, 1) and (9,3) using determinants.

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EXERCISE 4.3 - Question No. 5

If area of triangle is 35 sq units with vertices (2, - 6), (5, 4)and(k, 4) . Then k is

(A) 12 (B) - 2 (C) 12, 2 (D) 12, 2

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EXERCISE 4.4 - Question No. 1

Write Minors and Cofactors of the elements of following determinants: (i)

|2 - 403| (ii) |acbd|

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EXERCISE 4.4 - Question No. 2

Write Minors and Cofactors of the elements of following determinants: (i)

|100010001| (ii) |10435 - 1012|

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EXERCISE 4.4 - Question No. 3

Using Cofactors of elements of second row, evaluate Δ = |538201123|

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EXERCISE 4.4 - Question No. 4

Using Cofactors of elements of third column, evaluate Δ = |1xyz1yzx1zxy|

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EXERCISE 4.4 - Question No. 5

| |
a 11 a 12 a 13

If Δ = a 21 a 22 a 23 and A ij is cofactors of a ij , then value of Δ is given by

a 31 a 32 a 33

(A) a 11 + A 31 + a 12A 32 + a 13A 33 (B) a 11A 11 + a 12A 21 + a 13A 31 (C)

a 21A 11 + a 22A 12 + a 23A 13 (D) a 11A 11 + a 21A 21 + a 31A 31

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 1

Find adjoint of the matrice in [1234]

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 2

Find adjoint of the matrice in [1 - 12235 - 201]

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 3

Verify A(adjA) = (adjA)A = |A|I [23 - 4 - 6]

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 4

Verify A(adjA) = (adjA)A = |A|I

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 5

Find the inverse the matrix (if it exists)given in [2 - 243]

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 6

Find the inverse the matrix (if it exists)given in [ - 15 - 32]

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 7

Find the inverse the matrix (if it exists)given in [123024005]

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 8

[ ]
1 0 0
Find the inverse the matrix (if it exists)given in 3 3 0
5 2 -1

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 9

Find the inverse the matrix (if it exists) given in [2134 - 10 - 721]

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 10

Find the inverse the matrix (if it exists)given in [1 - 1202 - 33 - 24]

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 11

Find the inverse the matrix (if it exists)given in [0000cosαsinα0sinα - cosα]

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 12

Let A = [3725] and B = [6879] . Verify that (AB) - 1 = B - 1A - 1 .

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 13

If A = [3112] , show that A 2 - 5A + 71 = 0 . Hence find A - 1 .

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 14

For the matrix A=

[ ] 3 2
1 1
, find the numbers a and b such that A 2 + aA + bI = O.

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 15

For the matrix A = [11112 - 3213] . Show that A 3 - 6A 2 + 5A + 11I = 0 . Hence,

find A - 1 .

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 16

[ ]
2 -1 1
If A = -1 2 - 1 .Verify that A 3 - 6A 2 + 9A - 4I = 0 and hence find A - 1 .
1 1 2
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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 17

Let A be a non-singular square matrix of order 3 × 3. Then |adj A| is equal to (a)

|A| (B) |A| 2 (C) |A| 3 (D) 3|A|

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EXERCISE 4.5 - Question No. 18

( )
If A is an invertible matrix of order 2, then det A - 1 is equal to (a) det (A) (B)

1
(C) 1 (D) 0
det(A)

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 1

Examine the consistency of the system of equations x + 2y = 2 2x + 3y = 3

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 2

Examine the consistency of the system of equations 2x - y = 5 x + y = 4

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 3

Examine the consistency of the system of equations x + 3y = 5 2x + 6y = 8

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 4

Examine the consistency of the system of equations x + y + z = 1,

2x + 3y + 2z = 2, ax + ay + 2az = 4

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 5

Examine the consistency of the system of equations 3xy2z = 2 2yz = 1 3x5y = 3

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 6

Examine the consistency of the system of equations 5xy + 4z = 5

2x + 3y + 5z = 2 5x2y + 6z = 1

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 7

Solve system of linear equations, using matrix method, 5x + 2y = 4 7x + 3y = 5

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 8

Solve system of linear equations, using matrix method, 2. x - y = - 2 3x + 4y = 3

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 9

Solve system of linear equations, using matrix method, 4x3y = 3 3x5y = 7

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 10

Solve system of linear equations, using matrix method, 5x + 2y = 3 3x + 2y = 5

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 11

Solve system of linear equations, using matrix method, 2x + y + z = 1

3
x - 2y - z = 3y - 5z = 9
2

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 12

Solve system of linear equations, using matrix method, x - y + z = 4 2x + y3z = 0

x+y+z=2

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 13

Solve system of linear equations, using matrix method, 2x + 3y + 3z = 5

x - 2y + z = - 4 3x - y2z = 3

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 15

( )
2 -3 5
If A = 3 2 - 4 find A - 1. Use it to solve the system of equations
1 1 -2

2x - 3y + 5z = 11 , 3x + 2y - 4z = - 5 and x + y - 2z = - 3

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EXERCISE 4.6 - Question No. 16

The cost of 4 kg onion, 3 kg wheat and 2 kg rice is Rs 60. The cost of 2 kg onion,

4 kg wheat and 6 kg rice is Rs 90. The cost of 6 kg onion 2 kg wheat and 3 kg

rice is Rs 70. Find cost of each item per kg by matrix method.

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 1

Prove that the determinant [xsinθcosθ - sinθ - x1cosθ1x] is independent of 0.

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 2

| || |
a a 2 bc 1 a2 a3
Without expanding the determinant, prove that b b 2 ca = 1 b 2 b 3
c c 2 ab 1 c2 c3

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 3

Evaluate |cosαcosβcosαsinβ - sinα - sinβcosβ0sinαcosβsinαsinβcosα|

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 4

 | |
b+c c+a a+b
If a, b and c are real numbers, and Δ = c + a a + b b + c = 0. Show that
a+b b+c c+a

either a + b + c = 0 or a = b = c

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 5

Solve the equation |x + a × × + a × × + a| = 0 , a ≠ 0

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 6

| |
a2 bc ac + c 2
Prove that a 2 + ab b2 ac = 4a 2b 2c 2
ab b 2 + bc c2

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 7

If A - 1 = [3 - 11 - 156 - 55 - 22] and B = [12 - 2 - 1300 - 21] , find (AB) - 1 .

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 8

( ) ( )
Let A = [1 - 21 - 231115] verify that (i) [adjA] - 1 = adj A - 1 (ii) A - 1
-1
=A

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 9

Evaluate |xyx + yyx + yxx + yxy| .

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 10

 | |
1 x y
Evaluate 1 x + y y
1 x x+y

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 11

Using properties of determinants. Prove that

|αα β + γρρ γ + αγγ α + β | = (ρ - γ)(γ - α)(α - ρ)(α + ρ + γ)

2 2 2

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 12

Using properties of determinants. Prove that

|xx 1 + px yy 1 + py zz 1 + pz | = (1 + pxyz)(x - y)(y - z)(z - x) , where p is any

2 3 2 3 2 3

scalar.

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 13

Using properties of determinants. Prove that

|3a - a + b - a + c - b + a3b - b + c - c + a - c + b3c| = 3(a + b + c)(ab + bc + ca)

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 14

| |
1 1+p 1+p+q
Using properties of determinants. Prove that 2 3 + 2p 4 + 3p + 2q = 1
3 6 + 3p 10 + 6p + 3q

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 15

Using properties of determinants. Prove that

|sinαcosαcos(α + δ)sinβcosβcos(β + δ)sinγcosγcos(γ + δ)| = 0

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 16

2 3 10 4 6 5 6 9 20
Solve the system of equations + + =4 - + =1 + - =2
x y z x y z x y z

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 17

If a, b, c, are in A.P, then the determinant

|x + 2x + 3x + 2ax + 3x + 4x + 2bx + 4x + 5x + 2c| is (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) x (D) 2x

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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 18

If x, y, z are nonzero real numbers, then the inverse of matrix A = [x000y000z] is

1
(A) [ x - 1000y - 1000z - 1 ] (B) xyz [x - 1000y - 1000z - 1 ] (C) xyz [x000y000z] (D)
1
[100010001]
xyz
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MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISE - Question No. 19

Let A = [1sinθ1 - sinθ1sinθ - 1 - sinθ1] , where 0 ≤ θ ≤ 2π . Then (A)

Det(A) = 0 (B) Det(A) ∈ (2, ∞) (C) Det(A) ∈ (2, 4) (D) Det(A) ∈ [2, 4]

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 1

Evaluate |24 - 12|

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 2

Evaluate | × + 1x - 1x|

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 3

Evaluate the determinant Δ = |124 - 130410|

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 4

Evaluate Δ = |0sinα - cosα - sinα0sinβcosα - sinβ0|

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 5

Find values of x for which |3 × 1| = |3241|

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 6

Verify Property 1 for Δ = |2 - 3560415 - 7|

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 7

Verify Property 2 for Δ = |2 - 3560415 - 7|

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 8

Evaluate Δ = |323223323|

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 9

 | |
102 18 36
Write the value of the following determinant: 1 3 4
17 3 6

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 10

Show that |abca + 2xb + 2yc + 2zxyz| = 0

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 11

Prove that |aa + ba + b + c2a3a + 2B4a + 3b + 2c3a6a + 3b10a + 6b + 3c| = a 3

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 12

 | |
x+y y+z z+x
Without expanding, prove that Δ = z x y =0
1 1 1

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 13

Evaluate Δ = |1abc1bca1cab|

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 14

Prove that |b + caabc + aba + b| = 4abc

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 15

 |
If x, y, z are different and Δ = × 21 + x 3yy 21 + y 3zz 21 + z 3 = 0 , then |
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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 16

| |
1+a 1 1
Show that 1
1
1+b
1
1
1+c
(
= abc 1 +
1
a
+
1
b
+
1
c ) = abc + bc + ca + ab

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 17

Find the area of the triangle whose vertices are (3, 8) ,( - 4, 2) and (5, 1) .

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 18

Find the equation of the line joining A( 1,3) and B (0,0) using determinants and

find k if D(k, 0) is a point such that area of triangle ABD is 3sq units.

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 19

Find the minor of element 6 in the determinant Δ = |123456789|

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 20

Find minors and cofactors of all the elements of the determinant

| |
1 -2
4 3

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 21

Find minors and cofactors of the elements a 11, a 21 in the determinant

|
Δ = a 11a 12a 13a 21a 22a 23a 31a 32a 23 |
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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 22

Find minors and cofactors of the elements of the determinant |2 - 3560415 - 7|

and verify that a 11A 31 + a 12A 32 + a 13A 33 = 0

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 23

Find adj for A = [2314]

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 24

 [ ]
1 3 3
If A = 1 4 3 ,then verify thatAadjA = |A|I . Also find A - 1 .
1 3 4

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 25

If A = [231 - 4] and B = [1 - 2 - 13] , then verify that (AB) - 1 = B - 1A - 1

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 26

Show that the matrix A = [2312] satisfies the equation A 2 - 4A + I = 0

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 27

Solve the system of equations 2x + 5y = 1 and 3x + 2y = 7

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 28

Solve the following system of equations by matrix method. 3x2y + 3z = 8

2x + y - z = 1 4x - 3; y + 2z = 4

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 29

The sum of three numbers is 6. If we multiply third number by 3 and add second

number to it, we get 11. By adding first and third numbers, we get double of the

second number. Represent it algebraically and find the numbers using matrix

method.

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 30

If a, b, c are positive and unequal, show that value of the determinant

Δ = |abcbcacab| is negative.

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 31

| |
2y + 4 5y + 7 8y + a
If a, b, c are in A.P, find value of 3y + 5 6y + 8 9y + b
4y + 6 7y + 9 10y + c

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 32

| |
Show that Δ = (y + z) 2xyz × y(x + z) 2yzxzyz(x + y) 2 = 2xyz(x + y + z) 3 .

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 33

Use product [1 - 1202 - 33 - 24][ - 20192 - 361 - 2] to solve the system of

equations x - y + 2z = 1 2y - 3z = 1 3x - 2y + 4z = 2

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SOLVED EXAMPLES - Question No. 34

Prove that

( )
Δ = [a + bxc + dxp + qxax + bcx + dpx + quvw] = 1 - x 2 |acpbdqucw|

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