Fume hood controllers

Chapter 3.0

3.0
LabSystem
Fume hood controllers

Table of contents
Section Title Page
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1.1 LON network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.1 Constant control 1, 2 or 3 point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.1.1 1 point constant control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1.2 2 point constant control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1.3 3 point constant control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 Constant face velocity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.1 Volume flow limitation to VMIN und VMAX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2.2 Air flow sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 Fully variable volume flow control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3.1 V1 = VMIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3.2 V2 = V40cm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3.3 V3 = VMAX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.1 Control diagram fume hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.1.1 Functional description FC500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1.2 Actual values and setpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2 Schematic diagram FC500-V-LON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2.1 Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2.2 CPU set-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2.3 Two independent watchdog circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.3 Terminal diagram FC500 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.1 Advantages of fully variable fume hood control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4.1.1 Plausibility check with three different sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.1.2 Control parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.1.3 Teach-in mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

5.1 Measuring and control components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

5.2 Venturi measuring tube with integrated damper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5.2.1 Compact design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

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Fume hood controllers
Chapter 3.0

Table of contents
Section Title Page
5.3 Static differential pressure sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Determination of volume flow via differential pressure measurement of the
5.3.1 11
damming body. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.4 Dynamic air flow sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5.5 Position sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.6 Detection of thermal loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
5.7 Fast servo motor with feedback potentiometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

6.1 Planning values for sound and exhaust air volume flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6.2 Performance features fume hood controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6.2.1 Performance features FC500 fume hood controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6.2.2 Peformance features iCM fume hood controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

7.1 Product overview fume hood controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

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 Fume hood controllers
Chapter 3.0

1.1 Introduction

Depending on the requirements, various control types are

necessary for fume hoods. With the LabSystem product
range, SCHNEIDER supports the most varying system
requirements of users and is in a position to completely
fulfil the demands of the market.

The most significant common feature of all control types is

to avoid the escape of contaminants from the fume hood
every time the sash is opened. This applies both during
the opening of the sash as well as to a fully open sash and
requires safe, rapid and precise control of the exhaust air
volume flow.

Table 3.1 shows the various control types and the

corresponding product from the LabSystem series.

Figure 3.1: FC500 fume hood controller

Control type LabSystem ● Products

Constant volume flow control (1 point, 2 point or 3 point) FC500-K
Constant face velocity FC500-F iCM-F
Constant face velocity with volume flow limitation to VMIN and VMAX FC500-FP
Fully variable volume flow control FC500-V
(recording of the vertical sash and horizontal slide window)
Position sensor volume flow control FC500-W
(vertical recording of the sash)
Volume flow control for supply/exhaust air fume hoods FC500-Z
constant (1 point or 2 point)

Table 3.1: Control modes

1.1.1 Network connection via field bus modules Pressure fluctuations in the duct system are regulated
quickly, precisely and steadily.The exhaust air volume
The FC500 fume hood controller can be connected flows V1, V2 and V3 are freely programmable.
to a network via field buses that can be retrofitted. The
BACnet®, LON® and Modbus® bus systems are supported.
Connection to the building services management is easily 2.1.1 1 point constant control
implemented and provides all necessary data via the
network. In 1 point constant controllers the exhaust air volume
flow is constantly regulated to V1, independent of the sash
The various control types are described on the following position.
pages.

2.1.2 2 point constant control

2.1 Constant 1, 2 or 3 point control
A 2 point constant controller regulates the exhaust air
The FC500 control system regulates the exhaust air volume flow to V1 (sash = SHUT) or V2 (sash = OPEN),
volume flow in relation to the sash position of the fume depending on the sash position.
hood. The fume hood exhaust air is regulated either by a
motor-driven damper (for hoods that are connected to a The sash position (SHUT) is recognized by a limit switch.
central exhaust air system) or by an integrated exhaust air It is also possible to switch to reduced operating mode
motor with a frequency inverter. (night-time operation and work-free time) manually on the
fume hood or via a remote control input.

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 Fume hood controllers
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2.1.3 3 point constant control

A 3 point constant controller regulates the exhaust air 0,8

V3
600

volume flow to V1 (sash = SHUT) or V2 (sash < 40 cm

v [m/sec]

Air volume V [m3/h]

0,6 450
OPEN) or V3 (sash > 40 cm OPEN). The sash positions V2
(SHUT and > 40 cm) are both signalled by a limit switch.
0,4 300
The limit switch >40 cm can, of course, also be mounted

Face velocity
at another sash position. Switching to night-time operation
0,2 150
is also possible. V1

If the fume hood has slide windows, the slide window SHUT Sash position OPEN
position (SHUT) must also be determined and in the 2 point
= Face velocity
or 3 point operating mode allowance must be made for the
= Air volume
slide window position so that the exhaust air volume flow is
increased accordingly when the slide window is opened.

Figure 3.2: 3 point constant control

2.2 Constant face velocity

The FC500 F, FC500-FP or iCM control systems
regulate at a constant face velocity (e.g. v = 0.5 m/sec), 2.2.2 Air flow sensor
independent of the sash position. The exhaust air volume
flow is changed in relation to the fume hood sash position With the air flow sensor specially developed by
so that the face velocity remains constant. The fume hood SCHNEIDER a change in the position of the slide window
exhaust air volume flow is regulated either by a motor- is automatically detected and integrated in the control
driven damper (in hoods connected to a central exhaust algorithm.
air system) or by an integrated exhaust air motor with a
frequency inverter.

Pressure fluctuations in the duct system are regulated

quickly, precisely and steadily. The face velocity v and
0,8 600
the exhaust air volume flows VMIN and VMAX are freely VMAX

programmable (model FC500-FP only).

v [m/sec]

Air volume V [m3/h]

0,6 450

0,4 300
2.2.1 Volume flow limitation to VMIN and VMAX
Face velocity

0,2 150
When the sash is closed, the face velocity is increased VMIN

v > 0.5 m/sec. To ensure the safetyy of the operating

personnel, a minimum exhaust air volume flow VMIN is SHUT Sash position OPEN
guaranteed. Regulation now takes place to a constant
= Face velocity
minimum exhaust air volume flow.
= Air volume

When the sash is opened, the face velocity is reduced v <

0.5 m/sec. When the safe exhaust air volume flow VMAX for
the specific fume hood is reached, this value is constantly Figure 3.3: face velocity control
regulated. Thus the fume hood is within the safe range
and definitely containment-safe. The limitation of the
exhaust air volume flow to VMAX ensures an energy saving
effect and guarantees maximum safety for the operating
personnel. The load on the ventilation system is only as
high as is absolutely necessary for the operating status of
the particular fume hood.

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 Fume hood controllers
Chapter 3.0

2.3 Fully variable volume flow control 2.3.2 V2 = V50cm

This control system is the most expedient and the best The second vertex of the exhaust air volume flow is
method of fume hood control. A very fast control algorithm V2, which represents the exhaust air volume flow when
and stable regulation of the setpoint volume flow are the the sash is partly open (e.g. sash = 50 cm). Seamless
most notable technical features of this control type. regulation of the demand-related exhaust air volume flow
takes place between V1 and V2 (SHUT ≤ sash ≤ 50 cm),
The FC500-V control system seamlessly regulates the independent of the sash opening. The vertices V1, V2 and
exhaust air volume flow in relation to the position of the V3 are freely programmable and can be assigned to any
sash and side window of the fume hood. The fume hood sash opening, e.g. V2 at sash = 50 cm.
exhaust air volume flow is regulated either by a motor-
driven damper (for hoods that are connected to a central
exhaust air system) or by an integrated exhaust air motor 2.3.3 V3 = VMAX
with a frequency inverter.
The third vertex of the exhaust air volume flow is V3, which
Pressure fluctuations in the duct system are regulated represents the exhaust air volume flow when the sash is
quickly, precisely and steadily. The exhaust air volume fully open (e.g. sash = 90 cm). Seamless regulation of the
flows V1, V2 and V3 are freely programmable and define required exhaust air volume flow takes place between V2
the vertices of the control curve. and V3 (50 cm ≤ sash ≤ 90 cm), dependent on the sash
opening.

2.3.1 V1 = VMIN The volume flow basic values V1, V2 and V3 are all freely
programmable and can thus be adapted for any type of
When the sash is closed (SHUT) regulation takes place to fume hood construction. Of course, the volume flow value
a programmable V1 exhaust air flow (minimum exhaust air V2 can also be set to V3 = VMAX. This would mean that
volume flow). The containment-safety of the fume hood is no increase in the volume flow would take place when the
guaranteed at all times while air consumption remains at sash is above the 50 cm opening position.
a minimum.

V3=VMAX
0,8 600
v [m/sec]

Air volume V [m3/h]

0,6 450
V2=V40cm

0,4 300
Face velocity

0,2 150
V1=VMIN

SHUT Sash position OPEN

= Face velocity
= Air volume

Figure 3.5: Fully variable control

Figure 3.4: Controlled fume hoods

Factory picture: Wesemann

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 Fume hood controllers
Chapter 3.0

3.1 Control diagram fume hood controllers

The SCHNEIDER FC500 and iCM control systems work value corresponds to the calculated, sash-dependent
with the closed loop principle. A demand-related exhaust setpoint. Calculating the exhaust air volume flow setpoint
air volume flow is regulated dependent on the sash results in a clear command signal that is independent of
opening. disturbance variables (e.g. unfavourable flow conditions),
and this enables rapid, stable and accurate regulation of
the required exhaust air volume flow.
Exhaust
air

Battery backup

2
1 3
M
230 VAC Power
- Day/Night operation
p Digital In-/Outputs
+ Fume hood
controller 6 7
4 FC500 Analogue Output

5 Fieldbus
Fume hood 8
Display
panel
Air volume display
high m3
okay h
low

RS 232

Supply
air Monitoring according to
EN 14175
Servicemodule
1 Maintenance-free measuring tube with damper SVM-100
2 Damper actuator with feed back potentiometer Laptop
3 Static differential pressure transmitter F1 F2 F3

4 Air velocity sensor 1 2 3

4 5 6
5 Sash position sensor or limit switch
7 8 9
6 Digital In-/Outputs for special application
* 0 ,
7 Analogue Output 0(2)...10V DC for room group controller GC10

8 Fieldbus BACnet, LON or Modbus

Figure 3.6: Control diagram FC500

3.1.1 Functional description FC500

With the SVM100 service module or a laptop with the

PC2500 software installed, all parameters, such as If the setpoint cannot be regulated, e.g. due to lack of
setpoint volume flows (normal operation, night-time air, an optical and acoustic alarm is activated when the
operation, etc.), alarm delay time, alarm threshold, etc., exhaust air setpoint is underrun. The acoustic alarm can
can be programmed. be acknowledged with the Reset button, while the optical
alarm is only switched off when the exhaust air setpoint is
3.1.2 Actual values and setpoints either reached or exceeded.

The command variables face velocity (contact-free bypass The Close sash LED (function display) flashes when the
measurement) and optionally the vertical sash position fume hood sash is opened by more than 50 cm (working
are continually measured. An internal linearisation of the height exceeded).
actual values as well as a fast control algorithm predictively
calculates the setpoint for the exhaust air volume flow that The emergency power pack guarantees a supply of power
is to be regulated, and this is regulated by means of the in the case of a mains voltage failure. The control behaviour
motor-driven damper or an exhaust air motor controlled in the case of a mains voltage failure is programmable (e.g.
by a frequency inverter. A static differential pressure control damper OPEN, control damper SHUT, etc.).
sensor (transmitter) constantly measures the actual
value of the exhaust air volume flow, which is regulated
by means of the motor-driven damper until the actual

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 Fume hood controllers
Chapter 3.0

3.2 Schematic diagram FC500 3.2.2 CPU set-up

Figure 3.7 shows the schematic diagram of the entire The CPU consists of a microcontroller with integrated RAM
FC500 fume hood controller. (Random Access Memory), a UART (Universal Asynchron
Receiver Transmitter), internal timers, Input/Output ports
and an A/D (Analogue/Digital converter).
3.2.1 Power supply
In addition to a CPU kernel, there is also a D/A (Digital/
All SCHNEIDER products have their own 230V AC power Analogue converter) as well as an input and an output
supply, which eliminates the need for a 24V AC power interface on the control board. The peripheral sensors
supply via an external transformer. The integrated power and acutators are connected to the corresponding port
supply makes planning easier, generates no additional cables.
costs and considerably improves system safety and
stability of the electronics. With an external 24 V power The control parameters are saved mains voltage failure-
supply the entire supply line would fail in the case of a safe in the EE-PROM. The ROM or the flash memory card
short circuit or other defect. contains the application software.

An external 24 VAC power supply is also possible without

the internal transformer. 3.2.3 Two independent watchdog circuits

The external emergency power pack is connected when The FC500 controller has two independent watchdog
the mains supply does not provide an uninterrupted power circuits. The microcontroller is checked for errors at regular
supply (UPS). In the case of a mains voltage failure, the intervals and in the case of an error in the CPU, one or
exhaust air damper is moved to a predefined position both of the watchdog circuits trigger a hardware reset,
(programmable) or regulation continues. which restarts the CPU. This unique watchdog concept
additionally increases operating safety.

Figure 3.7: Schematic diagram FC500

Watchdog 2 EE-PROM ROM/FLASH

Relay: Light
Relay Operation
Night
Alarme
Output
TTL: Actuator
Functional-
TTL display

LON-network FTT-10A I/O RAM

Air velocity sensor CPU

Differential pressure transmitter Analogue output
Waysensor (sash sensor)
A/D Timer Room control
Damper-Feed back poti Supply and
D/A exhaust air
Watchdog 1 UART Frequency inverter
control
GND +5V +12V

RS 232
TTL: Functional-
Voltage TTL display
On/Off
Input Input
Backup
230/115 V AC batterie OC: Night
Power supply Optocoupler On/Off
VMAX

Serial interface

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 Fume hood controllers
Chapter 3.0

3.3 Terminal diagram FC500

Figure 3.8 shows the terminal diagram of an fully variable
FC500 fume hood controller as well as the wiring plan
and the hose connection to a static differential pressure
transmitter.

All cables are pre-assembled and fitted with screw

terminals. When mounting, you only have to plug the
screw terminals into the slots provided and the wiring is
complete. This ensures that wiring is easy, cost-efficient
and error-free.

The following points must be completed when carrying out

the wiring:

1. Connection of the damper motor cable to X13.

2. Connection of the function display cable to X15
(FAZ1).
3. Connection of the flow sensor cable to X19.
4. Connection of the position sensor cable to X12.
5.    Connection of the power pack cable from X9 to the
power pack if an uninterruptable power supply (UPS)
is not available.
It is essential to ensure correct + and – polarity!
6. Connection of the hoses of the static differential
pressure transmitter (+) = positive pressure (red
hose) and (-) = negative pressure (blue hose).
7. Connection of the 230 VAC power supply to X1.
8. Connect a LON cable IY-(St)Y 2x2x0.8 or a Belden
cable to X11.29 LON-A) and X11.30 (LON-B)
(only if the LON network is required).
9. Connect a fluorescent tube (with electronic ballast) for
lighting the fume hood interior (optional) to X3.

After the self-test the set-up is complete and the fume

hood controller functions automatically.

If the room controller and/or the connection to the BMS

should be implemented via the LON network, the LON
network variables (SNVTs) must also be included in order
to define the overall functionality.

See Chapter 7.0 LON technology for more information

about the network variables.

Technical data sheets, further information and tender

specifications for the FC500 and iCM fume hood
controllers are available for download on the Internet at
www.schneider-elektronik.de.

8 LabSystem Planning Manual ● Air technology for laboratories

 Fume hood controllers
Chapter 3.0

Figure 3.8: Terminal diagram FC500

Maintenance-free measuring
tube with integrated damper
M
Face velocity sensor Sash position sensor
-
(optional) (optional)

Fume hood
high

okay

low

Reset Service module

SVM100

F1 F2 F3
1 2 3
Display and 4 5 6 Laptop
controlpanel
EN 14175 7 8 9
Supply air * ,
standard or 0
customer specified

250 mAT
F2 FC500 JP4 JP5 X21 +
8 8
7 1 2 3 4 5 7

Transformer
6
5
4
CPU
6
5
4
JP7
-
15VA 3 3
2
Reset 2 1 2 3 4 5
3,15 AT 1 1
JP8
12
F1 Prim.: 230 VA
11
10 Run
JP6
9
8

Sek : 22 VAC/1,25A 7
6 FC500
CONNECTING X1 5
4
3
VOLTAGE 1 2 3 2
1

L JP3
230 VAC N X7
50/60Hz
19 20 21 22 23 24 X20 69 70 71 72 73 FAZ 1
X8
X14
X15
Relay Relay Relay Relay JP1
Light On/Off Day/Night Fault alarm X19 RS485-1 RS485-2 FAZ 2
JP2

CONNECTING X18 X17 X16

VOLTAGE LIGHT K1 K2 K3 K4 X10
2 1

L
X9 LON
N X12 X13
230 VAC
25 26 X11
50/60Hz
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68
- +
7 8 9 Accu 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60
X3 X4 X5 X6 backup
L N

19 20 21 22 23 24
X8

L N L N
IN OUT
24V AC
EXTERNAL
VOLTAGE

69 70 71 72 73
X14
JP1
DIGITAL INPUTS
external voltage
24VDC/50mA
X11
p
29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59
+ -

30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60
- - - -
+ + +
24V 24V 24V 24V
+ In1, In2, In3, In4
Jumper not connected
FUME HOOD CONTROLLER
DC DC DC DC
external voltage with integrated monitor function according to EN 14175
24VDC/50mA
maximum cable lenght
< 1000m
Terminal connection diagram FC500
Rev.: Date:
1.0 23. August 2009

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 Fume hood controllers
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4.1 Advantages of fully variable fume hood 4.1.3 Teach-in mode

control
A software controlled, automatic self-learning mode (teach
The containment-safety of the fume hood is guaranteed in in) facilitates and optimizes setup. The FC500 and iCM
all sash opening positions while at the same time ensuring controllers determine and program all necessary system
minimal air consumption. Robustness is achieved by data and control parameters fully automatically in teach-in
appropriate programming of the volume flow values V1, mode.
V2 and V3 and can be individually adapted to any type of
fume hood construction.
5.1 Measuring and control components
The position sensor ensures continuous regulation of the
exhaust air volume flow over the entire sash area (e.g. Accurate design of the measuring and control components
90 cm), while a face velocity controller only regulates the is crucial for the speed, stability and accuracy of the entire
sash opening area from 0 cm (SHUT) to a maximum of 25 control process. SCHNEIDER products are developed
cm. Depending on the preset face velocity value (e.g. 0.5 with the best available technology and fulfil these
m/s) and the required exhaust air volume flow (e.g. 400 requirements.
m3/h per metre), the required exhaust air volume flow is
already reached at a sash opening height of 25 cm. That
is, the value of containment-safety tested for the fume 5.2 Maintenance-free measuring device with
hood (e.g. 400 m3/h when the sash is fully open) is already integrated damper
regulated in the first 25 cm of the sash opening height.
This means that the savings potential of a fume hood with SCHNEIDER Elektronik always uses its patented
fully variable regulation is not fully exploited when a face maintenance-free measuring devices. This has the
velocity controller is used. following advantages:

In addition to the additional safety for the user, a fully  very high measuring accuracy
variable volume flow controller with a position sensor is the  integrated annulus measurement process to determine
most expedient alternative in terms of energy efficiency, as the mean value
the full sash opening height (e.g. 90 cm) is continuously  maintenance-free with self-cleaning effect due to
and linearly regulated. Another advantage of a using lateral flow over the measuring holes
position sensor to capture the actual value of the vertical  only slight pressure loss
sash opening is that it provides a stable measurement  low air flow sound levels
value that is independent of disturbance variables and  compact design
thus ensures fast and stable regulation.  independent of the inlet and outlet route

4.1.1 Plausibility check with three different

sensors

The FC500 controller uses three different sensors 140

(position sensor, static differential pressure sensor and
flow sensor) to constantly check the mutual plausibility
of the sensors. It checks at regular intervals whether the Actuator

actual values of the sensors (differential pressure and

80

flow sensor) are in a logical context to the setpoint of the

position sensor. This offers additional security for the entire
control system and for the user.

Air direction
4.1.2 Control parameters
Pressure nibble

All project-specific control parameters, such as the upper

NW

and lower limits for maximum and minimum volume flow, + -

can easily be retrieved, changed and monitored on site
via the service module or a laptop. Frequent, sequential
retrieval and verification of the control actual values and
setpoint values guarantees fast, stable, demand-related
volume flow control.
Maintenance-free
measuring device
L

Figure 3.9: Maintenance-free measuring device with

integrated damper

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 Fume hood controllers
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5.2.1 Compact design

In consideration of structural conditions in laboratories, we

have developed a compact maintenance-free measuring Air direction
device that can be mounted directly on fume hood exhaust
air outlets. A special inlet route is not necessary. For a pipe
diameter of DN200 the compact measuring device with
integrated damper requires a length of just 235 mm.
p
Table 3.2 shows the relationships between the nominal
width (NW), overall length (L) and the nominal volume flow p = Differential pressure
VNOM at a flow velocity of 6,0 m/s.

In order to adhere to the sound levels stipulated for the Figure 3.10: Differential pressure measurement on a
laboratory, the planned face velocity should not exceed measuring orifice
5.0 m/s, i.e. the specified VNOM volume flow values must
be reduced by 33 % in this case.
The volume flow is calculated using the following formula:

Nominal width Overall length Volume flow

NW [mm] L [mm] VNOM [m3/h] p
160 340 434
V = c.
200 350 679
optionally 235
250 400 1060 .
315 490 1683 V = Air volume

c = Constant factor
Table 3.2: Nominal widths of the maintenance-free
measuring devices with integrated damper p = Differential pressure

= Density of the air

5.3 Static differential pressure sensor

Only static differential pressure measurement is suitable

for contaminated or abrasive air, because the air does not 5.4 Dynamic air flow sensor
flow through the static differential pressure sensor.
Using an air flow sensor specially developed by
SCHNEIDER a change in position of both the slide window
5.3.1 Determination of volume flow via (horizontal) and the front sash (vertical) is registered on
differential pressure measurement the fume hood and provided as a standardized output
on the damming body signal 0...10 V DC.

The basis for determining the volume flow is the differential A measuring principle devised by SCHNEIDER Elektronik
pressure on the damming body, which may take the recognizes the direction of the air flow and enables very
form of a measuring device, a measuring orifice or a precise, fast measurements in the range 0...1 m/s. This
measuring cross. SCHNEIDER always uses the patented measuring range is particularly suitable for determining
maintenance-free measuring device due to its very high the face velocity in fume hoods (e.g. 0.5m/s).
measuring accuracy and especially due to the fact that it is
not dependent on an inlet and outlet route. The AFS100 air flow sensor is mounted on the fume hood
in a suitable position and measures the flow of air in the
Air flow that occurs on a damming body generates bypass into the fume hood.
resistance pressure proportional to flow velocity, which
results in corresponding differential pressure.

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 Fume hood controllers
Chapter 3.0

The air flow measured in the bypass corresponds exactly

to the face velocity in the sash area, both in the open and

Exhaust
air
Air velocity sensor
shut positions. If the sash is opened, the face velocity drops in bypass-measuring method

and is thus directly dependent on the sash opening. M

230 VAC Power
Controller Night operation
-
p Digital In-/Output
+
FC500 Analogue Output

Fieldbus

Fume hood
Display Linear sash sensor

Okay
Low
Reset

Supply
air

Figure 3.12: Fume hood with air flow

and position sensor

Figure 3.11: AFS100 air flow sensor

5.5 Position sensor

A position sensor (cable potentiometer) determines

the vertical sash position with an absolute accuracy of
more than 2 mm. The reproducible and seamless linear
determination of the sash position enables very fast,
precise, stable control. With this technique overshoot or
undershoot are largely avoided.
Figure 3.13: SPS100 linear position sensor
The position sensor is easy to mount and ensures an
absolutely safe and stable actual value signal for the
vertical sash position.

The position sensor cable has an ejection length of 1m and

can easily be hooked into the front sash counterweight.

The SPS100 position sensor developed by SCHNEIDER 10-turn-Potentiometer

is specially designed for precise, reproducible and stable +
determination of the vertical sash opening height.

Measuring signal
sash position

Figure 3.14: Connection diagram linear position sensor

12 LabSystem Planning Manual ● Air technology for laboratories

 Fume hood controllers
Chapter 3.0

5.6 Detection of thermal loads

Thermal loads must be detected quickly and safely and

dissipated by increased exhaust air volume flow. The air
flow sensor is not suited to the additional task of detecting
thermal loads. It must be temperature compensated in order
to generate a safe face velocity value that is independent
of the room temperature as a command variable for the
fume hood controller.

For this purpose, SCHNEIDER offers a PT-100 thermal

element in V4A casing for precise, safe measurement of
the interior temperature of the fume hood. As soon as the
interior temperature increases and a freely programmable
value is exceeded, the exhaust air volume flow is increased
instantly and safely.

5.7 Fast running servo motor with

feedback potentiometer

The required exhaust air volume flow is adjusted via the

damper. The very fast servo motor (3 sec. for 90 °) specially Figure 3.15: Damper with maintenance-free measuring
developed for SCHNEIDER is mounted directly on the device and fast running servo motor
damper shaft and with a torque of 4 Nm has sufficient Model: PPs, flange/flange
power reserves. The servo motor is operated directly by
the control electronics (direct drive), which guarantees
fast, stable control behaviour. This form of actuation has
considerable advantages over analogue motor actuation
(0...10V DC). With analogue actuation of the motor, stable DN

regulation of the setpoint volume flow is not possible, due

to the manufacturer-independent internal hysterisis.

A feedback potentiometer reports the actual value of

the current damper position to the control electronics. A Feedback
potentiometer
special control algorithm quickly and directly “starts up” for damper position

the required exhaust air volume flow without undefined Dampermotor,

overshoot. When the servo motor is activated, a damper M 4Nm
3 sec for 90 °
control concurrently checks whether the damper position NMQ 15
is actually changed (flap control). This control concept with Dampermotor with

integrated servo motor monitoring functionality exceeds feedback

potentiometer
the stringent safety criteria for fume hood controllers. (for damper position)

-
6.1 Planning values for sound and exhaust Pressure nozzle

air volume flow

The sound value tables in the technical data sheets of the

selected fume hood controller should be consulted when
planning a system, in order to project an optimal ratio
between exhaust air volume flow, control behaviour and Figure 3.16: Schematic diagram connection servo
minimum sound values. motor

Ideally the duct inlet pressure on the fume hood controller

should be approx. 130 pascal.

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 Fume hood controllers
Chapter 3.0

6.2 Performance features fume hood

controllers

The FC500 fume hood controller can be used for all control
types (fully variable, face velocity, constant, position
sensor, etc.) and has a slot for a field bus for connection to
the building services management (BMS).

The iCM fume hood controller is designed as a compact

fitted device and is only available for the face velocity
control type.

6.2.1 Performance features FC500

 Microprocessor based variable control system

 Integrated power supply 230V AC
 All system data are saved mains voltage failure-safe
in the EEPROM Figure 3.17: FC500 fume hood controller
 Separate terminal board for for simple cable
connection and fast setup
 Pluggable mainboard for easy setup and servicing
 Programming and retrieval of all system values via
the service module SVM100 or software PC2500
 Static differential pressure transmitter 3...300 Pa
(optionally 8...800 Pa) with high long-term stability for
measuring the exhaust air actual value (volume flow)
 Linear sash position sensor for stable, error-free
measurement of the vertical front sash opening
 Air flow sensor for measuring the face velocity
 Air volume flow range 10:1
 Standard diameter DN250, overall length only 400
mm
 Integrated functional monitoring of safe fume hood
operation in accordance with EN 14175 with acoustic
and optical alarm
 Monitoring of the customer ventilation system
 Maintenance-free measuring system
 High-speed, predictive control algorithm
 Rapid, stable, precise control through direct
activation of the servo motor with feedback
potentiometer
 Control parameters are adaptively optimized online
 Reaction time and upward regulation of the exhaust
air volume flow ≤ 2 sec (VMIN → VMAX)
 Programming of the downward regulation control
time for the exhaust air volume flow ≤ 2...24 sec (VMAX → VMIN)
 Closed loop control
 Internal functional monitoring of all sensors for
plausibility
 Emergency operation (override) = VEMERGENCY
 Night-time reduction (reduced operation) = VNIGHT
 Optical and optionally acoustic alarm for the
operating status “Sash position > 50cm”
 Emergency power pack (optional) for mains voltage
failure-safe operation
 Control behaviour after a power failure freely
programmable
 Integrated battery pack charging connection with low
voltage disconnect
 Retrofitting of ON field bus module FTT-10A possible
 Suitable for all fume hood constructions

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 Fume hood controllers
Chapter 3.0

6.2.2 Performance features iCM

Standard model Figure 3.18: iCM fume hood controller

 Microprocessor based variable control system with
full graphic LC display
 Numeric and bar graph display of the face velocity in
m/s or ft/min
 Low cost controller as a compact fitted version
 External mains adapter 230V AC/15V DC
 All system data are saved mains voltage failure-safe
in the EEPROM
 Programming and display of all system values via
integrated operating level, SVM100 service module
or PC2500 software
 Air flow sensor for measuring the face velocity
 Air volume flow range 10:1
 Integrated functional monitoring of safe fume hood
operation in accordance with EN 14175 with acoustic
and optical alarm
 Optical and optionally acoustic alarm for the
operating status “Sash position > 50cm”
 Emergency operation (override) = VEMERGENCY
 Night-time reduction (reduced operation) = VNIGHT
 Monitoring of the customer ventilation system
 High-speed, predictive control algorithm
 Rapid, stable, precise control through direct activation
of the servo motor with feedback potentiometer
 Reaction time and upward regulation of the exhaust
air volume flow ≤ 2 sec (VMIN → VMAX)
 Programming of the downward regulation control time
for the exhaust air volume flow ≤ 2...24 sec (VMAX → VMIN)
 Closed loop control

with optional additional device E2:

 Integrated power supply 230V AC
 Separate terminal board for for simple cable
connection and fast setup
 Static differential pressure transmitter 3...300 Pa
(optionally 8...800 Pa) with high long-term stability for
measuring the exhaust air actual value (volume flow)
 Maintenance-free measuring system
 Linear sash position sensor for stable, error-free
measurement of the vertical front sash opening
 Internal functional monitoring of all sensors for
plausibility
 Suitable for all fume hood constructions

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Fume hood controllers
Chapter 3.0

7.1 Product overview fume hood

controllers

The diagram shows an overview of the products that are Technical data sheets, further information and tender
available from SCHNEIDER in the product group Fume specifications for the FC500 and iCM fume hood
hood controllers. controllers are available for download on the Internet at
www.schneider-elektronik.de.
See Chapter 1, Section 6.1 for the full LabSystem product
overview.

Product group Product Short description Chapter

Fume hood control- FC500 Requirement-driven, sash-dependent, fast running fume hood controller 3.0
lers with integrated with static differential pressure transmitter and optional field bus module,
monitoring in accor- operating modes: fully variable, position sensor, face velocity, constant (1
dance with DIN EN point, 2 point or 3 point)
14175 iCM Requirement-driven, sash-dependent, fast running fume hood controller 3.0
with flow sensor, operating modes: face velocity

16 LabSystem Planning Manual ● Air technology for laboratories