MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

LAB SHEET
DJJ 30113 MATERIAL SCIENCE

SESSION
IMPACT TEST (IZOD TEST)
LABSHEET Open web site:
https://sm-nitk.vlabs.ac.in/exp5/index.html#

NAME
MATRIX NUMBER
PHONE NUMBER
PROGRAME
LECTURER

MARKS

REPORT PRACTICAL TASK

/100 /100

Prepared by: Approved by:

Mecahnical Engineering Dept. Head of Manufacturing Programe

Polytechnic Merlimau Mecahnical Engineering Dept.
Polytechnic Merlimau
 RUBRIC OF PRACTICAL TASK / DJJ 30113 MATERIAL SCIENCE

Very Weak Weak Average Good Excellent Score

No Criteria 2 4
1 3 5 Marks
Safety Procedures
 Obey safety rules
NOT Follow NOT Follow NOT Follow NOT Follow
 Using google while Totally follow
FOUR the THREE the TWO the ONE the
operates the the procedure
1 procedure of procedure of procedure of procedure of
machine of Safety
Safety Safety Safety Safety
 Wearing safety Procedures in
Procedures in Procedures in Procedures in Procedures in
shoes the lab.
the lab. the lab. the lab. the lab.
 Wearing appropriate
attire
Able to Able to
Able to Able to Able to
operates the operates the
Set-up and Equipment operates the operates the operates the
machine BUT machine BUT
Care machine, make machine machine
make a little make a little
a mistake and perfectly and perfectly and
 Use the right mistake and mistake and
NOT follow the follow the follow the right
machine/equipment NOT follow follow the
2 right SOP with right SOP with SOP without
 Switch off machine the right SOP right SOP with
direction from direction from direction from
after used with direction direction from
lecturer and lecturer and lecturer and
 Clean the NOT switch off
from lecturer lecturer and
switch off and switch off and
machine/equipment and switch off switch off and
and clean the clean the clean the
after used and clean the clean the
machine after machine after machine after
machine after machine after
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lab needs, give
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give half of give half of give full of lab needs,
3 S.O.P concentration
concentration concentration concentration give full
 Concentration and not refer to
and half refer and refer to and refer to concentration
 Refer to lab sheet lab sheet but
to lab sheet lab sheet but lab sheet but and refer to
make error in
but make little make little make little lab sheet.
operation of
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machine
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Skills Understanding operates the
Able to operates the operates the
 Able to operates the the function of machine and
operate the machine and machine and
4 machine machine but follow the
machine and follow the follow the right
 Able to follow the cannot to right SOP with
some error in right SOP with SOP without
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the SOP. direction from direction from
machine. lecturer &
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members
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TOTAL MARKS ( /25)
TOTAL MARKS ( /100)
1. TITLE : IZOD IMPACT TEST

2. OBJECTIVE : To find the impact resistance of mild steel and cast iron.

3. APPARATUS : Izod Impact test machine (mild/low carbon steel).

4. THEORY :

Impact test signifies toughness of material that is the ability of material to absorb energy during
plastic deformation.Toughness takes into account both the strength and ductility of the material.There are
two distinct type of toughness mechanism and in this case it is appropriate to consider notch as a very
high local stress concentration.

The first type of mechanism occurs in ductile material. This is because very high stresses at the
end of the notch produce local yielding of the material and local plastic flow at the crack tip. This has a
action of blunting the sharp tip of the notch and hence reduces the stress concentration effect.

The second mechanism occurs in fibers, wood materials etc which have a weak interface. Local
tensile stress developed at the front of a propagated crack opens up the interface and produces a crack
sink i.e., blunts the crack by effectively increasing the radius of the crack tip. The stress-concentration at
the notch increases with decreasing notch radius.

Impact testing machine consists of a pendulum suspended from a short shaft that rotates in ball bearing
and swings midway between two rigid upright stands supported on a rigid base near the bottom of which
are the specimen supports anvils. The knife-edge or striking edge is slightly rounded. The pendulum can
be raised to any desired height and rested at that position. It is supported in the starting position by a
catch and can be released by a trigger. The mechanism is so designed that the pendulum is not disturbed
when the catch is released.

Impact strengths are generally lower as compared to strengths achieved under slowly applied
loads.Indian standard method of izod impact test consists of breaking the specimen by one blow from a
swinging hammer under specified condition, a notched test piece is gripped vertically with the bottom of
the notch in the same plane as the upper face of the grips.The-blow is struck at a fixed position on the
face having the notch. When a striker impacts the specimen, the specimen will absorb energy till it yields.
At this point the specimen will begin to undergo plastic deformation at the notch. The specimen continues
to absorb energy and work harden at the plastic zone, when the specimen can absorb no more energy
fracture takes place.
 Generally notch type specimens are used for impact tests. The notch in the test specimen serves
to concentrate the stress, minimize plastic deformation, and direct the fracture to the part of the specimen
behind the notch. Thus scatter in energy-to-break is reduced. The stress-concentration at the notch
decreases with increase in notch radius. Also the use of notched specimen increases the sensitivity and
reproducibility of the measurement.
5. TEST SPECIMEN:

The standard test piece of overall length of 75mm and a square cross-section of 10mm side with a
standard 45° notch, 2mm deep is employed for the test. The notch is at 28mm from one end. In case of
round specimen 11.4mm diameter with a standard 45° notch, 3.3mm deep is employed.

Unbroken Test Piece:

During impact test, if the test piece is not broken completely then the impact value obtained is indefinite.
In test report, it should be stated that the test piece was not broken by striking energy of the testing
machine.
5. PROCEDURES :

Make three times of experiment for each specimen and follow instruction from web.

6. EXPERIMENT:

Specimen 1: CAST IRON

Length L (mm) Breadth B (mm) Depth D (mm) Depth of Notch-d (mm)

[4 marks]

Result of experiment 1: CAST IRON

Energy for failure of

Loss of energy due to Total Loss of energy Et
Trial specimen = KU / Impact
friction, Ef (J) during transit of hammer (J)
Value = Et - Ef in J

Average energy for failure of specimen

[10 marks]

Specimen 2: MILD STEEL

Length L (mm) Breadth B (mm) Depth D (mm) Depth of Notch-d (mm)

[4 marks]

Result of experiment 2: MILD STEEL

Energy for failure of

Loss of energy due to Total Loss of energy Et
Trial specimen = KU / Impact
friction, Ef (J) during transit of hammer (J)
Value = Et - Ef in J

Average energy for failure of specimen

[10 marks]
7. Explain the steps in the experiment for Cast Iron.

[10 marks]
8. Explain the steps in the experiment for Mild Steel.

[10 marks]
9. Draw the specimen after testing for Cast Iron.

[10 marks]
10. Draw the specimen after testing for Mild Steel.

[10 marks]
10. Conclusion

Compare the result between specimen.

[12 marks]

Report Calculation:

/ 80 / 100