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GENERAL APTITUDE
Q. No. 1 – 5 Carry One Mark Each

1. Based on the given statements, select the appropriate option with respect to grammar and usage.
Statements: (i) The height of Mr. X is 6 feet.
(ii) The height of Mr. Y is 5 feet.
(A) Mr. X is longer than Mr. Y
(B) Mr. X is more elongated than Mr. Y
(C) Mr. X is taller than Mr. Y
(D) Mr. X is lengthier than Mr. Y
Answer: (C)

2. The students ________the teacher on teachers’ day for twenty years of dedicated teaching.
(A) facilitated (B) felicitated
(C) fantasized (D) facilitated
Answer: (B)

3. After India’s cricket world cup victory in 1985, Shrotria who was playing both tennis and cricket till then,
decided to concentrate only on cricket. And the rest is history.
What does the underlined phrase mean in this context?
(A) history will rest in peace (B) rest is recorded in history books
(C) rest is well known (D) rest is archaic
Answer: (C)

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Given ( 9 inches ) = ( 0.25 yards ) 2 , which one of the following statements is TRUE?
1 1
2
4.

(A) 3 inches = 0.5 yards (B) 9 inches = 1.5 yards

(C) 9 inches = 0.25 yards (D) 81 inches = 0.0625 yards
Answer: (C)

5. S, M, E and F are working in shifts in a team to finish a project. M works with twice the efficiency of
others but for half as many days as E worked. S and M have 6 hour shifts in a day, whereas E and F have
12 hours shifts. What is the ratio of contribution of M to contribution of E in the project?
(A) 1:1 (B) 1:2 (C) 1:4 (D) 2:1
Answer: (B)

Q. No. 6 – 10 Carry Two Marks Each

6. The Venn diagram shows the preference of the student population for leisure activities.

Read Watch TV
books
13 12 19
7
44 17
15

Play sports

From the data given, the number of students who like to read books or play sports is _______.
(A) 44 (B) 51 (C) 79 (D) 108
Answer: (D)

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7. Social science disciplines were in existence in an amorphous form until the colonial period when they
were institutionalized. In varying degrees, they were intended to further the colonial interest. In the time of
globalization and the economic rise of postcolonial countries like India, conventional ways of knowledge
production have become obsolete.
Which of the following can be logically inferred from the above statements?
(i) Social science disciplines have become obsolete.
(ii) Social science disciplines had a pre-colonial origin.
(iii) Social science disciplines always promote colonialism.
(iv) Social science must maintain disciplinary boundaries.
(A) (ii) only (B) (i) and (iii) only
(C) (ii) and (iv) only (D) (iii) and (iv) only
Answer: (A)

8. Two and a quarter hours back, when seen in a mirror, the reflection of a wall clock without number
markings seemed to show 1:30. What is the actual current time shown by the clock?

(A) 8:15 (B) 11:15 (C) 12:15 (D) 12:45

Answer: (D)

9. M and N start from the same location. M travels 10 km East and then 10 km North-East. N travels 5 km
South and then 4 km South-East. What is the shortest distance (in km) between M and N at the end of
their travel?
(A) 18.60 (B) 22.50 (C) 20.61 (D) 25.00
Answer: (C)

10. A wire of length 340 mm is to be cut into two parts. One of the parts is to be made into a square and the
other into a rectangle where sides are in the ratio of 1:2. What is the length of the side of the square (in
mm) such that the combined area of the square and the rectangle is a MINIMUM?
(A) 30 (B) 40 (C) 120 (D) 180
Answer: (B)

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Q. No. 1 – 25 Carry One Mark Each

3 2 4 
1. 
The value of x for which the matrix A =  9 7 13  has zero as an eigenvalue is _________.
 −6 −4 −9 + x 

Answer: (1)

Consider the complex valued function f ( z ) = 2z + b z where z is a complex variable.

3 3
2.

The value of b for which the function f(z) is analytic is __________.

Answer: (0)

3. As x varies from −1 to +3, which one of the following describes the behaviour of the function
f ( x ) = x3 − 3x 2 + 1?

(A) f(x) increase monotonically

(B) f(x) increases, then decreases and increases again
(C) f(x) decreases, then increases and decreases again
(D) f(x) increases and then decreases
Answer: (B)

4. How many distinct values of x satisfy the equation sin(x) = x/2, where x is in radians?

(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4 or more
Answer: (C)

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5. Consider the time-varying vector I = x15cos

ˆ ( t ) + y5sin
ˆ ( t ) in Cartesian coordinates, where   0 is a

constant. When the vector magnitude |I| is at its minimum value, the angle  that I makes with the 𝑥 axis
(in degrees, such that 0    180 ) is _________.

Answer: (900)

6. In the circuit shown below, 𝑉𝑆 is a constant voltage source and ILis a constant current load.

The value of IL that maximizes the power absorbed by the constant current load is

Vs Vs Vs
(A) (B) (C) (D) 
4R 2R R

Answer: (B)

7. The switch has been in position 1for a long time and abruptly changes to position 2 at= 0.

If time t is in seconds, the capacitor voltage VC (in volts) for t>0 is given by

(A) 4 (1 − exp ( − t 0.5 ) ) (B) 10 − 6 exp ( −t 0.5)

(C) 4 (1 − exp ( − t 0.6 ) ) (D) 10 − 6exp ( −t 0.6)

Answer: (D)

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8. The figure shows an RLC circuit with a sinusoidal current source.

At resonance, the ratio IL IR , i.e., the ratio of the magnitudes of the inductor current phasor and the

resistor current phasor, is ___________.

Answer: (0.316)

9. The z-parameter matrix for the two-port network shown is

 2j j 
 j 3 + 2j ,
 

Where the entries are in .

suppose Zb ( j) = R b + j.

Then the value of R b ( in ) equals to __________.

Answer: (3)

sin ( 4 t )
10. The energy of the signal x ( t ) = is __________.
4t
Answer: (0.25)

11. The Ebers-Moll model of a BJT is valid

(A) only in active mode
(B) only in active and saturation modes
(C) only in active and cut-off modes
(D) in active, saturation and cut-off modes
Answer: (D)

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12. A long-channel NMOS transistor is biased in the linear region with VDS = 50mV and is used as a
resistance. Which one of the following statements is NOT correct?

(A) If the device width W is increased, the resistance decreases.

(B) If the threshold voltage is reduced, the resistance decreases.
(C) If the device length L is increased, the resistance increases.
(D) If VGS is increased, the resistance increases.
Answer: (D)

13. Assume that the diode in the figure has Von = 0.7V, but is otherwise ideal.

R1

2 k
R2 i2
+ 2V
− 6 k

The magnitude of the current i2 (in mA) is equal to _________.

Answer: (0.25)

14. Resistor R1 in the circuit below figure has been adjusted so that I1 = 1 mA.

VCC

R1
I2

Q1 Q2

I1 R2

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The bipolar transistors Q1 and Q2 are perfectly matched and have very high current gain, so their base
currents are negligible. The supply voltage Vcc is 6 V. The thermal voltage kT/q is 26 mV.
The value of R2(in Ω) for which I2 =100 µA is ___________.

Answer: (598.65)

15. Which one of the following statements is correct about an ac-coupled common-emitter amplifier operating
in the mid-band region?
(A) The device parasitic capacitances behave like open circuits, whereas coupling and by pass
capacitances behave like short circuits.
(B) The device parasitic capacitances, coupling capacitances and bypass capacitances behave like open
circuits.
(C) The device parasitic capacitances, coupling capacitances and bypass capacitances behave like short
circuits.
(D) The device parasitic capacitances behave like short circuits, whereas coupling and bypass
capacitances behave like open circuits.
Answer: (A)

16. Transistor geometries in a CMOS inverter have been adjusted to meet the requirement for worst case
charge and discharge times for driving a load capacitor C. This design is to be converted to that of a NOR
circuit in the same technology, so that its worst case charge and discharge times while driving the same
capacitor are similar. The channel lengths of all transistors are to be kept unchanged. Which one of the
following statements is correct?

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(A) Widths of PMOS transistors should be doubled, while widths of NMOS transistors should be
halved.
(B) Widths of PMOS transistors should be doubled, while widths of NMOS transistors should not be
changed.
(C) Widths of PMOS transistors should be halved, while widths of NMOS transistors should not be
changed.
(D) Widths of PMOS transistors should be unchanged, while widths of NMOS transistorsshould be
halved.
Answer: (B)

17. Assume that all the digital gates in the circuit shown in the figure are ideal, the resistor R = 10k and the
supply voltage is 5V. The D flip-flops D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 are initialized with logicvalues 0,1,0,1 and 0,
respectively. The clock has a 30% duty cycle.

The average power dissipated (in mW) in the resistor R is __________.

Answer: (1.5)

18. A 4:1 multiplexer is to be used for generating the output carry of a full
adder. A and B are the bits to be added while Cin is the input carry and Cout
is the output carry. A and B are to be used as the select bits with A
being the more significant select bit. Which one of the following
statements correctly describes the choice of signals to be connected to the
inputs I0, I1, I2 and I3 so that the output is Cout?

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(A) I0=0, I1 =Cin, I2 =Cinand I3 =1

(B) I0=1, I1 =Cin, I2 =Cin and I3 =1
(C) I0=Cin, I1 =0, I2 =1and I3 =Cin

(D) I0=0, I1 =Cin, I2 =1 and I3 =Cin

Answer: (A)

s−2
19. The response of the system G ( s ) = to the unit step input u(t) is y(t).
( s + 1)( s + 3)

dy
The value of at t = 0+ is _________.
dt
Answer: (1)

20. The number and direction of encirclements around the point −1 + 𝑗0 in the complex plane by the Nyquist
1− s
plot of G ( s ) = is
4 + 2s

(A) zero
(B) one, anti-clockwise
(C) one, clockwise
(D) two, clockwise
Answer: (A)

21. A discrete memoryless source has an alphabet {a1, a2, a3, a4] with corresponding probabilities

 1 1 1 1

, , , . The minimum required average code world length in bits to represent this source for error-
2 4 8 8
free reconstruction is _________.
Answer: (1.75)

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22. A speech signal is sampled at 8 kHz and encoded into PCM format using 8 bits/sample. The PCM data is
transmitted through a baseband channel via 4-level PAM. The minimum bandwidth (in Hz) required for
transmission is ______.

Answer: (16000)

23. A uniform and constant magnetic field B = zB

ˆ exists in the ẑ direction in vacuum. A particle of mass m
with a small charge q is introduced into this region with an initial velocity v = xˆ  x + zˆ  z . Given that B, m,
q, vx and vz are all non-zero, which one of the following describes the eventual trajectory of the particle?

(A) Helical motion in the ẑ direction.

(B) Circular motion in the xy plane.

(C) Linear motion in the ẑ direction.

(D) Linear motion in the x̂ direction.

Answer: (A)

24. Let the electric field vector of a plane electromagnetic wave propagating in a homogenous medium be
ˆ x e− j(t −z) , where the propagation constant  is
expressed as E = xE a function of the angular

frequency . Assume that  ( ) and Ex are known and are real. From the information available,which one

of the following CANNOT be determined?

(A) The type of polarization of the wave.
(B) The group velocity of the wave.
(C) The phase velocity of the wave.
(D) The power flux through the z = 0 plane.
Answer: (D)

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25. Light from free space is incident at an angle i to the normal of the facet of a step-index large core optical

fibre. The core and cladding refractive indices are n1 = 1.5 and n2 = 1.4, respectively.

The maximum value of i (in degrees) for which the incident light will be guided in the core of the fibre is
___________.
Answer: (32.58)

Q. No. 26 – 55 Carry Two Marks Each

26. The ordinary differential equation

dx
= −3x + 2, with x ( 0 ) = 1
dt

is to be solved using the forward Euler method. The largest time step that can be used to solve the
equation without making the numerical solution unstable is _________.
Answer: (0.66)

Suppose C is the closed curve defined as the circle x + y = 1 with C oriented anti-clockwise.
2 2
27.

The value of  ( xy2dx + x 2 ydy ) over the curve C equals __________.

Answer: (0)

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28. Two random variables X and Y are distributed according to

( x + y ) , 0  x  1, 0  y  1
f X,Y ( x, y ) = 
 0, otherwise

The probability P ( X + Y  1) is ____________.

Answer: (0.333)

a 0 3 7
2 5 1 3 
29. The matrix A =  has det(A) = 100 and trace(A) = 14.
0 0 2 4
 
0 0 0 b

The value of a − b is ___________.

Answer: (3)

30. In the given circuit, each resistor has a value equal to 1 Ω.

What is the equivalent resistance across the terminals a and b?

(A) 1/6 Ω (B) 1/3 Ω (C) 9/20 Ω (D) 8/15 Ω
Answer: (D)

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31. In the circuit shown in the figure, the magnitude of the current (in amperes) through R2 is________.

Answer: (5)

2s + 6
32. A continuous-time filter with transfer function H ( s ) = is converted to a discrete time filter with
s + 6s + 8
2

2z2 − 0.5032z
transfer function G ( z ) = so that the impulse response of the continuous-time filter,
z2 − 0.5032z + k
sampled at 2 Hz, is identical at the sampling instants to the impulse response of the discrete time filter.
The value of k is ____________.
Answer: (0.049)

33. The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of the 4-point sequence

x  n  = x 0, x 1, x  2, x 3 = 3,2,3,4 is

X  k  = X 0,X 1,X  2,X 3 = 12,2j,0, −2j.

If X1  k  is the DFT of the 12-point sequence x1  n  = 3,0,0,2,0,0,3,0,0,4,0,0, the value of

X1 8
is ___________.
X1 11

Answer: (6)

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34. The switch S in the circuit shown has been closed for a long time. It is opened at time t = 0 and remains
open after that. Assume that the diode has zero reverse current and zero forward voltage drop.

The steady state magnitude of the capacitor voltage VC (in volts) is ____________.
Answer: (100)

35. A voltage VG is applied across a MOS capacitor with metal gate and p-type silicon substrate
at T = 300K. The inversion carrier density (in number of carriers per unit area) for VG = 0.8 V
is 2 1011 cm−2 . For VG = 1.3V, the inversion carrier density is 4 1011 cm−2 . What is the value of the
inversion carrier density for V = 1.8 V?

(A) 4.5 1011 cm−2 (B) 6.0 1011 cm−2 (C) 7.2 1011 cm−2 (D) 8.4 1011 cm−2
Answer: (B)

36. Consider avalanche breakdown in a silicon p + n junction. The n-region is uniformly doped with a donor
density ND. Assume that breakdown occurs when the magnitude of the electric field at any point in the
device becomes equal to the critical field E crit . Assume E crit to be independent of ND. If the built-in voltage

of the p + n junction is much smaller than the breakdown voltage, VBR, the relationship between 𝑉BR and 𝑁𝐷
is given by

(A) VBR  ND = constant (B) ND  VBR = constant

(C) ND  VBR = constant (D) ND VBR = constant

Answer: (C)

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37. Consider a region of silicon devoid of electrons and holes, with an ionized donor density
of N d+ = 1017 cm −3 . The electric field at x = 0 is 0 V/cm and the electric field at x = L is 50 kV/cm in the
positive x direction. Assume that the electric field is zero in the y and z directions at all points.

N d+ =1017 cm −3

x=0 x=L

Given q = 1.6  10−19 coulomb, 0 = 8.8510−14 F/cm, r = 11.7 for silicon, the value of 𝐿 is
________ nm.

Answer: (32.37)

38. Consider a long-channel NMOS transistor with source and body connected together. Assume that the
electron mobility is independent of VGS and VDS . Given,

g m = 0.5 A V for VDS = 50 mV and VGS= 2 V,

g d = 8 A V for VGS = 2 V and VDS = 0 V,

ID I
where g m = and g d = D
VGS VDS

The threshold voltage (in volts) of the transistor is _________.

Answer: (1.2)

39. The figure shows a half-wave rectifier with a 475 F filter capacitor. The load draws a constant current
I0= 1 A from the rectifier. The figure also shows the input voltage Vi, the output voltage VC and the peak-
to-peak voltage ripple V on VC. the input voltage Vi is a triangle-wave with an amplitude of 10 V and a
period of 1ms.

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D +10V Vi

0 t
+
−10V
Vi + 475F VC IO =1A VC
− −
0 t

The value of the ripple V (in volts) is ______.

Answer: (2.1)

40. In the op-amp circuit shown, the Zener diodes Z1 and Z2 clamp the output voltage V0 to +5V or −5V. The
switch S is initially closed and is opened at time t = 0.

+10V

S 100 F +10V
t=0
− 470 k

10 k +

−10V z1
−10V 1 k
4 k z2

0V 0V

The time t = t1(in seconds) at which V0changes state is__________.

Answer: (0.798)

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41. An op-amp has a finite open loop voltage gain of 100. Its input offset voltage Vios= (+5mV) is modeled as
shown in the circuit below. The amplifier is ideal in all other respects. Vinput is 25 mV.

1k 15 k

−
A0 =100
+
+
− Vios =5mV

+
− Vinput

The output voltage (in millivolts) is _________.

Answer: (413.79)

42. An 8 Kbyte ROM with an active low Chip Select input CS is to be used in an 8085 microprocessor ( )
based system. The ROM should occupy the address range 1000H to 2FFFH. The address lines are
designated as A15 to A0, where A15is the most significant address bit. Which one of the following logic

expressions will generate the correct CS signal for this ROM? ( )

(A) (
A15 + A14 + A13 .A12 + A13 .A12 ) (B) A15 .A14 .( A13 + A12 )

(C) (
A15 + A14 + A13 .A12 + A13 .A12 ) (D) A15 + A14 + A13 .A12

Answer: (A)

43. In an N bit flash ADC, the analog voltage is fed simultaneously to 2N− 1 comparators. The output of the
comparators is then encoded to a binary format using digital circuits. Assume that the analog voltage
source Vin(whose output is being converted to digital format) has a source resistance of 75 as shown in
the circuit diagram below and the input capacitance of each comparator is 8 pF.

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The input must settle to an accuracy of 1/2LSB even for a full scale input change for proper conversion.
Assume that the time taken by the thermometer to binary encoder is negligible.
If the flash ADC has 8 bit resolution, which one of the following alternatives is closest to the maximum
sampling rate?
(A) 1 megasamples per second (B) 6 megasamples per second
(C) 64 megasamples per second (D) 256 megasamples per second
Answer: (A)

44. The state transition diagram for a finite state machine with states A, B and C, and binary inputs X,Y and
Z, is shown in the figure.

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Which one of the following statements is correct?

(A) Transitions from State A are ambiguously defined.
(B) Transitions from State B are ambiguously defined.

(C) Transitions from State Care ambiguously defined.

(D) All of the state transitions are defined unambiguously.
Answer: (C)

1
45. In the feedback system shown below G ( s ) = .
( s + 2s )
2

+ −
r k G (s) y
i

The step response of the closed-loop system should have minimum settling time and have no
Overshoot. The required value of gain k to achieve this is _________.
Answer: (1)

1
46. In the feedback system shown below G (s) = .
(s + 1)(s + 2)(s + 3)

+
r k G (s) y
i −

The positive value of k for which the gain margin of the loop is exactly 0 dB and the phase margin of the
loop is exactly zero degree is___.
Answer: (60)

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K
47. The asymptotic Bode phase plot of G (s ) = , with k and p1 both positive, is
(s + 0.1)(s + 10)(s + p1 )
shown below.

Phase ( )
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 
0
rad/s
−45

−135

−225
−270

The value of p1 is ___________.

Answer: (1)

48. An information source generates a binary sequence n .  n can take one of the two possible values

−1and+1 with equal probability and are statistically independent and identically distributed. This sequence
is precoded to obtain another sequence n  ,as n = n + k n −3 . The sequence n  is used to modulate a

pulse g(t) to generate the baseband signal

1, 0  t  T 
X ( t ) =  n =− n g ( t − nT ), whereg ( t ) = 


0, otherwise
1
If there is a null at f = in the power spectral density of X(t),then k is __________.
3T
Answer: (–1)

49. An ideal band-pass channel 500 Hz - 2000 Hz is deployed for communication. A modem is designed to
transmit bits at the rate of 4800 bits/s using 16-QAM. The roll-off factor of a pulse with a raised cosine
spectrum that utilizes the entire frequency band is ___________.
Answer: (0.25)

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50. Consider a random process X ( t ) = 3V ( t ) − 8, where V(t) is a zero mean stationary random process with

autocorrelation R v (  ) = 4.e−5  . The power in X(t) is ____________.

Answer: (100)

51. A binary communication system makes use of the symbols “zero” and “one”. There are channel errors.
Consider the following events:
x0: a "zero" is transmitted
x1: a "one" is transmitted
y0: a "zero" is received
y1: a "one" is received

1 3 1
The following probabilities are given: P ( x 0 ) = , P ( y0 | x 0 ) = ,and P ( y 0 | x1 ) = . The information in
2 4 2
bits that you obtain when you learn which symbol has been received (while you know that a “zero” has
been transmitted) is_________.
Answer: (0.811)

52. The parallel-plate capacitor shown in the figure has movable plates. The capacitor is charged so that the
energy stored in it is E when the plate separation is d. The capacitor is then isolated electrically and the
plates are moved such that the plate separation becomes 2d.

At this new plate separation, what is the energy stored in the capacitor, neglecting fringing effects?

(A) 2E (B) 2E (C) E (D) E/2

Answer: (A)

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53. A lossless micro strip transmission line consists of a trace of width w. It is drawn over a practically
infinite ground plane and is separated by a dielectric slab of thickness t and relative permittivity r  1. The
inductance per unit length and the characteristic impedance of this line are L and Z0, respectively.

Which one of the following inequalities is always satisfied?

Lt Lt Lw Lw
(A) Z0  (B) Z0  (C) Z0  (D) Z0 
0   w 0   w 0   t 0   t
Answer: (B)

54. A microwave circuit consisting of lossless transmission lines T1 and T2 is shown in the figure. The plot
shows the magnitude of the input reflection coefficient  as a function of frequency f. The phase velocity
of the signal in the transmission lines is 2  108 m s. .

T1 Length = 1m T2 Length = L
Input
Z0 = 50 Z0 = 50
Open

50
T

The length L (in meters) of T2 is ___________

Answer: (0.1)

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55. A positive charge q is placed at x= 0 between two infinite metal plates placed at x= −d and at x = +d
respectively.

+q

at x=–d

at x=+d
x=0

The metal plates lie in the yz plane. The charge is at rest at t= 0, when a voltage +V is applied to the plate
at –d and voltage –V is applied to the plate at x= +d. Assume that the quantity of the charge q is small
enough that it does not disturb the field set up by the metal plates. The time that the charge q takes to
reach the right plate is proportional to

(A) d/V (B) d V (C) d V (D) d V

Answer: (C)

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