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Title: Fractional Distillation

Fractional distillation is used to separate crude oil into fractions based on differences in boiling points. Mohammed Adalat Rashid conducted an experiment to fractionally distill a mixture containing acetone, gasoline, and kerosene. Losses occurred during the experiment due to a lack of temperature control, leaks between equipment, and not using a boiling chip which caused excessive bubbling. The summary identified key steps and findings of the experiment and distillation process in under 3 sentences.

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lya Ahmed
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103 views

Title: Fractional Distillation

Fractional distillation is used to separate crude oil into fractions based on differences in boiling points. Mohammed Adalat Rashid conducted an experiment to fractionally distill a mixture containing acetone, gasoline, and kerosene. Losses occurred during the experiment due to a lack of temperature control, leaks between equipment, and not using a boiling chip which caused excessive bubbling. The summary identified key steps and findings of the experiment and distillation process in under 3 sentences.

Uploaded by

lya Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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2020

2021

TECHNICAL COLLAGE OF ENGINEER-DUHOK


DEPARTMENT OF PETROCHEMICAL
THIRD YEAR

Title: fractional distillation

BY:

Mohammed Adalat Rashid


Group. B
Report No. EXP 4
Subject: petroleum refinery
Date of the lecture 3/11/2020
Delivery date. 10/11/2020
Objective

fractional distillation is used in oil refineries to separate crude oil into


useful substances (or fractions) having different hydrocarbons of different
boiling points. The crude oil fractions with higher boiling points: have more
carbon atoms.

Calculation
 Acetone
T1= 58 c
T2= 60 c
The Amount distillated by ml = 9 ml
 Gasoline
T1= 75 c
T2= 160 c
The Amount distillated by ml = 44 ml
 Kerosene
T1= 160 c
T2= 200 c
The Amount distillated by ml = 18 ml

R = 23 ml
D = 9 + 44 + 18 = 71

LOSS = (100 – (D + R)) * %100


= (100 – (71 + 23)) * %100
= (100 – (94)) * %100
= (6) * %100 = 6%
Discussion
Firstly I talk about acetone we put out 9 ml of acetone by distillate at the
t1= 58 and t2=60 at
Q1
Why we get 9 ml where is the 1 ml was we loss it?
That 1 ml evaporated because we don’t controlled the temp.
Secondly we distillated gasoline we put out 44 ml of gasoline by distillate
at the t1= 75 c, t2= 160 c
at the mixture we distillated was 40 ml of gasoline inside it but we put out
4 ml extra
Q2
Whats wrong we do it we put out 4 ml extra is not gasoline ?
At the first we don’t controlled the temp and when we change the cylinder
we were late at the change the cylinder that 4 ml extra is kerosene in side
the 40 ml of gasoline.
Finally we distillated the kerosene in the mixture at the t1= 160 c , t2=
200c
We put out 18 ml and it isn’t was complete amount of kerosene in the
mixture the complete amount of kerosene in the mixture was 25 .
Q3
What happened to the complete amount of kerosene?
4 ml of kerosene was mixed in the gasoline when we distillated and nearly
3 ml of kerosene came be to the vapor .
Q4
Why we loss the kerosene by vaporization ?
Because we have a leak was vapor getting out at the leak.
Q5
Why we use grease in fractional distillation ?
We use grease to close the leaks and after test we getting out the parts of
equipment to be save and it not let the equipment be broken .
Q6
Whats the boiling.ch ?
It’s a circle glass like a ball we put in the flask to stop the bubbles when we
heat the flask.

Observation
In the experiment I have some notes
1. We haven’t the grease and this was a cuase to vaporation the
mixture
2. We haven’t the boiling.ch we used siramic and we don’t get the
range of temp. of kerosene be cause we have a lot of bubbles.
3. There was leaks between the parts of equipments there was
getting out vapor in there

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