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Lecture 12 PDF

The document discusses objectives and types of organizational plans. Objectives are targets that guide an organization's efforts and are determined at both the organizational and departmental levels. Objectives should be comprehensive, measurable, follow a hierarchy, address multiple priorities, be achievable, specific, and flexible. There are two types of organizational plans - standing plans like policies, procedures, and rules that are used long-term; and single used plans like programs and projects that address short-term challenges. Standing plans provide guidelines for actions to achieve objectives, while single used plans have a narrower scope.

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79 views

Lecture 12 PDF

The document discusses objectives and types of organizational plans. Objectives are targets that guide an organization's efforts and are determined at both the organizational and departmental levels. Objectives should be comprehensive, measurable, follow a hierarchy, address multiple priorities, be achievable, specific, and flexible. There are two types of organizational plans - standing plans like policies, procedures, and rules that are used long-term; and single used plans like programs and projects that address short-term challenges. Standing plans provide guidelines for actions to achieve objectives, while single used plans have a narrower scope.

Uploaded by

zozo goldz
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Objectives

Objectives are something that one's efforts or actions are planned to achieve the target. These are
the special target to be achieved by an organisation. Objectives are determined in such a manner
as to make the mission of the organisation meaningful. The objective of the whole organisation is
laid down very first and then the objectives of different departments are determined for the
achievement of the organisational objectives. Objectives are helpful in planning, organising,
staffing, directing and controlling.

Features of Objectives The following are the features of business objectives:

1. Comprehensive and Measurable: - The business objectives should be comprehensive and


measurable and must be communicated to the investors, employees, partners etc. Unless the
objectives are set the organisation will not be able to compare the actual performance with the
planned target.

2. Hierarchy of objectives: -Business objectives are determined at different levels and these are
structured according to the hierarchy. All the objectives are not equally important. It should be
achieved according to its priority and importance. The most important objective should be
achieved first.

3. Multiplicity of objectives: - Organisational objectives are multiple in natures. The primary


objective of every business is profit followed with customer satisfaction. Business also has
objectives towards society that comprises of employees, shareholders, creditors, government etc.

4. Achievable and specific: - Business objectives must be achievable and should be framed
taking into consideration its capabilities and resources. The objectives must be specific in terms
of time, quality and quantity. Specific objectives help in the accomplishment of those objectives
in the specified time frame and resource availability.

5. Flexible: - Business objectives should be flexible and must not be rigid. Business
environment keeps on changing. Therefore the objectives should be changed or modified
according to the changing situation. The objectives must be able to reframe in the light of
changes in the environment.

Type of plans

Plans can be classified on the basis of time (long term and short term plans), on the basis of level
(upper level, middle level and lower level plans) and on the basis of repetitiveness (plans used
only once and plans used many times). But main organizational plans can be categorized as
under:- Those include plans that are used over and over again because they focus on
organizational situations that occur repeatedly.
1.Standing Plans: Standing plans are used over a long period of time , and can be altered as per
the change in circumstances.

(a) The policy: - Policy is a standing plan that furnishes broad guidelines for action which are
consistent with reaching organizational objectives. For e.g policy for employee interaction

(b) Procedures: - Procedures are standing plans that outline a series of related actions that must
be taken to accomplish a particular task. For ex. Procedures for internal reporting. organizational
plans standing plans policies procedures rules single used plans programmes project

(c) Rules: - Rules designate specific required action. A rule indicates what an organization
member should or should not do. For ex. No smoking in the office or prescribing a dress code.

2. Single used plans: Single used plans are created to address short term challenges. They are
narrow in scope as compared to standing plans.

(a) Program: - Program is a single used plan encompassing a range of projects. e.g Budget,
which is a statement that expresses the expected results in numerical terms. It may be referred to
as ‘a numberized program’.

(b) Project: A project is a single used plan having less scope than a programme. e.g an outline
for an advertising campaign .

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