Structural report on Dang Project

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS & DESIGN

REPORT

OF

MULTIPURPSOE CONVENTION HALL

GHORAHI, DANG

July, 2016

Page | 0
 Structural report on Dang Project

Table of Content Pages

1. PROJECT DETAILS………………………………………………………. 3 - 4
1.1 Salient features of the project

2. STRUCTURE FEATURES………………………………………………….5-
2.1 Building foundation
2.2 Framing description

3. CODES AND STANDARDS…………………………………………………6

4. MATERIALS CHARACTERISTICS……………………………………….6 - 7
4.1 Concrete
4.2 Reinforcement bar
4.3 Soil bearing

5. LOADS………………………………………………………………………… 7 - 10
5.1 Dead loads
5.2 Imposed or live loads
5.3 Earthquake loads
5.4 Load combinations

6.0 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS………………………………………………… 10 - 23

6.1 Method

6.2 Conditions

6.3 Input data

6.4 Dead and imposed load calculation

6.5 Lateral loads

6.6 Output of analysis

7. MEMBER DESIGN………………………………………………………………24 - 68

7.1 Floor slab design

7.2 Floor beam design

7.3 Column design

Page | 1
 Structural report on Dang Project
7.4 Foundation design

7.5 Plinth level tie beams

7.6 Shear wall

7.7 Staircase design

7.8 Roof truss design

Page | 2
 Structural report on Dang Project
1. PROJECT DETAILS

Name of the project: Multipurpose Convention Center

Location : Ghorahi, Dang Nepal

Type of Building : Multipurpose Hall

The building is multipurpose convention hall. The plinth area of the building is 1631.28
sqm. The building is a four storey building on strip and isolated footing foundation.
The columns are 500x500 except the two columns in stage which are 600x600 and
columns those supporting balcony beams are 750x750. The roof above the Audience hall
is metal truss tied with secondary trusses. The roofing is uPVC sheet.

1.1 Salient feature of the project

A Name of the project Multipurpose Convention Center

location Ghorahi , dang
Structural system RCC frame structure (SMRF type)
Plinth area 1596.22 m2
No. of storey 4 storey except stair
Floor to floor height Varies ( from 3.1m to 3.7m)
Type of slabs Two way slab
Type of beams Rectangular i) varies 400x550, 450x750
& 500x900 & secondary beams 300x450
Type of column Varies 500x500, 600x600 & 750x750
Type of foundation Isolated and continuous strip footing
Type of staircase Open well staircase & dogged legged
staircase
Concret grae used M25
Reinforcement bar Fe 415
Dead load As per the material usage in building
Live load & seismic load As per usage & as specified in relevant
NNBC code
Topography Plane terrain

B Soil investigation
Soil investigation report Yes
Allowable bearing capacity 120kN/m2
Liquefaction system Please refer the soil test report

C Structural analysis and design

Soft ware use for analysis 3D model analysis in SAP2000 version
16

Page | 3
 Structural report on Dang Project

Structural system RCC column beam system ( Special

moment resisting frame type)
D Load parameter
Dead load As per the IS 875:1987 part 1b
Live load As per the IS 875:1987 part 1I.c.
Seismic load calculation: As per the IS 1893 part I:2002

Seismic zone = 0.36 for zone V

Importance factor = 1.5

Fundamental time period = 0.39 sec.

Building total height = 9.0m

Time period T = 0.075*H*0.75 = 0.39 sec. ( as per the IS 1893 part I:2002
clause 7.6.1)

Response reduction actor = 5

Soil type = II
Damping = 0.5%
Seismic response acceleration coefficient = 2.5

Building seismic weight = 61,741.82 kN

Base shear = 6015.74 kN

Height to width ratio of the building 0.56

Length to width ratio of the 1.66
building

2. STRUCTURAL FEATURES

2.1 Building foundation

Page | 4
 Structural report on Dang Project
Basically most of the footings for the building are isolated footing and are rigidly
connected with foundation beams of size 300x550. The continuous strip footing is
provided along the concrete wall with the width of footing 2.0 m. The depth of
foundation is 2.0m from the original ground level. The thickness of footing is
750mm.Below the mat concrete of the footing, there is a layer of 150mm th. Stone dust
and aggregate with well compaction.

2.2Framing description
All the main beams at floor level are of size 400x550 mm d secondary beams are of sizes
300x450mm. The stage beam at the level +10400 is 500x900. The cantilever beams for
balcony slab at level +7300 are 450x750

location/orientation:

All the internal beams are concentric with the columns i.e. the center line of beams
match with t the to column centre line. The beams at the periphery are flushed with
column outer face. It I s to be noted that the side surface of beams may be matched
with surfaces of column, walls/ partitions by additional concrete as required in
architectural drawings.

2.2.1 Columns

All the columns are square shape in various sizes. The size is varies from 500x500 to
750x750. The buttresses column and column below the audience floor slab is of size
350x350. The secondary columns as vertical tie for clad wall in building four corners are
of size 200x230mm.

2.2.2 Slab

Concrete slab 150mm thick is provided at the floor level. For staircase cover, similar
thickness of concrete slab is provided.

2.2.3 Staircase

There are two concrete e staircases. One is doglegged stair and other is open well
staircase. The dogged staircase is located south west whereas s the open well staircase I
located at north east corner. Besides RC staircase, there is a metal stair case in the
North West corner to serve as emergency stair.

3.0 CODES AND STANDARDS

THE main design standards followed for structural design are given below.

Page | 5
 Structural report on Dang Project

S.N. Code and Descripti

1 Standards
IS 456: 2000 on - Code of Practice
Plain and Reinforced Concrete
2 IS 875 (Part 1): Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than
1987
Earthquake) for Buildings and Structures: Part 1 Dead
Loads – Unit Weights of Building Material and
3 IS 875 (Part 2): Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than
1987 Earthquake) for Buildings
and Structures: Part 2 Imposed Loads (Second Revision)

4 IS 875 (Part 3): Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than
1987 Earthquake) for Buildings
5 SP 34: 1987 Handbook on Concrete Reinforcement and Detailing
6 IS 13920: 1993 Ductile detailing of reinforced concrete structures
subjected to seismic
7 IS 1893: 2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of structures
8 IS 1786: 1985 Specification for high strength deformed steel bars and
wires for concrete
9 SP 16 : 1980 Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete to IS 456 : 1978
10

4.0 MATERIALS CHARACTERISTICS

4.1 Concrete
All concrete structures ( substructures as well as super structure) are designed for
concrete grade M25 to IS 456:2000

Unless noted otherwise concrete is to be normal weight with a typical dry density of
2400 kg/m3

Concrete is to achieve the28 days cube strength as 25 N/mm2

4.2 Reinforcement bar:

Reinforcement bar are to be in accordance with IS 456: specification for carbon steel
bars for the reinforcement of concrete is to be in accordance with IS 1786 specification
for high deformed steel bars fro the reinforcement of concrete i.e. Fe 415

Page | 6
 Structural report on Dang Project

4.3 Ground soil character

The soil bearing capacity is considered as 120kN/m2 for analysis and design of the
building foundation. The safe bearing capacity of soil is as, mentioned in the soil test
report.

5.0 LOADS

5.1 Dead loads

All loads /forces due to gravity on the components of the building structure including
the structures self weight roofing flooring suspended ceiling wall/partitions service
including machinery piping rack with all associated finishing permanently attached
thereto are calculated in accordance with IS 875 (Part I) -1987

5.2 Imposed or Live loads

The load assumed to be produced by the intended use and occupancy of a building,
including the loads of moveable partitions, impact, vibration and dust but excluding
wind, seismic snow and other loads due to temperature changes creep shrinkage
differential settlement etc in accordance with IS 875( part II) -1987

5.3 Earth quake load

The earthquake load is calculated to the seismic coefficient method of static analysis
using equivalent lateral force procedures in accordance with IS 1893Part I: 2002 the
static force in the structure are derived from the design base shear ( Vb) given by

Vb = Ah* V (CL. 7.5.3)

W = seismic Wight of the building equal to the total dead load plus appropriate
amounts of specified imposed load

The design horizontal seismic coefficient Ah = Z*I*Sa/g /2*R

Where :

Z = Zone factor given in table 2, IS 1893 (Part 2) -2002

I = Importance factor depending upon the functional use of the structures , characterized
by hazardous consequences of its failure, post earthquake functional needs
historical value of economic importance as given in table 6 IS 1893 part 2 : 2002

Page | 7
 Structural report on Dang Project
R= Response reduction factor depending on the perceived seismic damage performance
of the structure, characterized by ductile or brittle deformations.

Sa/g = Average response acceleration coefficient for rock or soil sites as be given in fig.
below and table 3 IS 1893 (part 20-2002) based on approximate natural periods and
damping g of the structure.

Adopted coefficient are as follows

Z = 0.36

Importance factor I = 1.5

Average response acceleration coefficient Sa/g =2.5

Soil type = II

Response
reduction
actor = 5

The approximate fundamental natural time period of vibration ( ta) in seconds of a

moment resisting frame building without brick infill panels may be estimated by the
empirical expression:

Ta = 0.075*h 0.75

Page | 8
 Structural report on Dang Project
Where :

H = Height of the building in ‘m’ as defined in CL 7.6.1

Distribution of earthquake load

The design base shear ( Vb) computed in CL.7.5.3 shall be distributed along the
height of the building as per the following expression

Qi = Wi*HI/∑WiHi

Where

Qi = design lateral force at floor i

Wi = seismic weight of floor i

Hi = height of the floor I measured from the base

N = number of storey in the building is the number of levels at which the masses are
located

NOTE: in calculating the seismic weight of the floors, the full dead load at each storey is
considered while the imposed load is considered as per the following criteria (IS 1893;
2002 table 8)

5.1 LOAD COMBINATIONS

For design of concrete elements the default load combination ( DCIN 1 To DCON 14)
defined by the computer software for concrete design is followed as pert he Indian
standard IS 456:2002

Where

DL = Dead load

LL = live load or imposed load

EQx = Earthquake load in X direction

EQy = Earthquake load in Y direction

Page | 9
 Structural report on Dang Project

Load Specified
Combo Name
No. DL LL EQx EQy
LC1 DCON 1 1 1 0 0
LC2 DCON2 1.5 1.5
LC3 DCON3 1.5 0 1.5 0.0
LC4 DCON4 1.5 0 -1.5 0.0
LC5 DCON5 1.5 0 0 1.5
LC6 DCON6 1.5 0 0 -1.5
LC7 DCON7 0.9 0 0 0
LC8 DCON8 0.9 0 0 0
LC9 DCON9 0.9 0 0 1.5
LC10 DCON10 0.9 0 0 -1.5
LC11 DCON11 1.2 1.2 1.2 0
LC12 DCON12 1.2 1.2 -1.2 0
LC13 DCON13 1. 1.2 0 1.2
2
LC14 DCON14 1.2 1.2 0 -1.2

If
imposed load > 3kN/m2 consider only 50% of imposed load

If imposed load <3kN/m2 consider only 25% of imposed load

For roofs -Nil

6.0 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

6.1 Method
All the structural elements of reinforced concrete are designed to Limit State method

Program used SAP200 version 16 is used for thaliana static analysis and design of three
dimensional structural models in computer. In which the spatial distribution of the
mass and stiffness of the structure is adequate for the calculation of the significant
features of structures

6.2 Conditions

Page | 10
 Structural report on Dang Project
Since all the columns are rigidly connected to the foundation we can assume that there
would be no any deflection or rotation of these columns at base. Hence the supporting
conditions for column are fixed.

Similarly at the level where the RC slab panels are rigidly connected to the beams we
assume that there should b e equal displacement i.e. the concrete floor acts as rigid floor
diaphragm

6.3 Input data

Generally the design of structure in SAP200 version16 starts with the modeling of
structure and then defining all the parameters required for the analysis and design
(such as materials conditions as mentioned above loading information codes and stands
etc.

The input data for the design of structure generally includes the dead load except the
self weight of structure presented in the model. The imposed lade the lateral loads the
wind load and other special loads (for example loads due to thermal effects)

Frame section: Column

Page | 11
 Structural report on Dang Project

Floor beam

Page | 12
 Structural report on Dang Project

The 3D model of building is as shown below:

Page | 13
 Structural report on Dang Project

6.4 Dead load & imposed load calculation

Dead load

Dead load are calculated on the basis of unit weight of the specified construction
materials in accordance with IS 875

Reinforced concrete 25kN/m3

Brick wall with plaster 19.20kN/m3

Sand/cement screed 24 kN/m3

230 th. masonry wall w/o opening 4.42 kN/m2

110th. Masonry partitions 1.1kN/m2

Finishing load ( 50mm including screed) 1.2kN/m2

Live load

The live load for the building has been adopted as given in IS 875 – Part VI section I
loads for assembly buildings

The following values have been adopted

S/No area Imposed load kN/m2

1 Accessible roof 1.5
2 Toilet /bathroom 2
3 Administration office rooms 4
4 Corridor/passage/stairs/ 4
lobbies

5 Balconies 4

6 Dressing rooms 3

7 Cinema slab 4

Reductions in live load as given in the code has been applied for the design of column
and footings

6.5 Lateral loads

Page | 14
 Structural report on Dang Project
SAP2000 version 16 automatically incorporates all the required calculations for lateral
loads as per the IS 1893:2002 based on the input data we provide. The required
parameter for lateral loads calculations has already mentioned in 6.3

Based on seismic coefficient method SAP2000 version16 utilizes the following

procedure to generate the lateral seismic loads

User provides seismic zone coefficient and desired seismic load command

Programme calculate the structural natural period T 0.075*h0.75

Programmed calculate Sa/g utilizing T

Programme calculates Vb from the above equations W is obtained from the weight
data provided by the user.

The total lateral seismic load ( base shear ) is then distributed by the programme
among different levels of the structure as per the IS 1893 (part I) :2002 procedures

6.6 Output of analysis

After all loading information is provided I n the structural model. The analysis the
structure and gives the required output ( i.e. exact stress, support reaction,

Page | 15
 Structural report on Dang Project
displacement, bending moment shear stress etc.) some of the output information as
obtained from SAP12000 after analyzing the structure is shown below.

Bending moment diagram M3-3

Page | 16
 Structural report on Dang Project

Axial force diagram

Page | 17
 Structural report on Dang Project

Shear force 2-2 diagram

Page | 18
Structural report on Dang Project

Page | 19
 Structural report on Dang Project

Support reaction

Table 1 : Support Reactions - Load Case: 1.5(DL+LL)

Page | 20
S.N. Story Load Gri FZ FZ (Un-
1 BASE DCON A1 (Factored)
1845.82 Factored)
1,230.55
2 2
BASEStructural
DCON report
B1 on Dang Project
3091.64 2,061.09
3 BASE DCON2 C1 2806.10 1,870.73
4 BASE DCON D1 2456.34 1,637.56
2
5 BASE DCON E1 2373.28 1,582.19
2
6 BASE DCON F1 578.35
2
385.57

7 BASE DCON G1 1499.56 999.71

2
8 BASE DCON H1 697.25 464.83
2
9 BASE DCON I1 -
2
1 BASE DCON A2 2299.95 1,533.30
0 2
1 BASE DCON B2 1041.73 694.49
1 2
1 BASE DCON C2 576.58 384.39
2 2
1 BASE DCON D2 736.16 490.77
3 2
1 BASE DCON E2 428.58 285.72
4 2
1 BASE DCON F2 875.80 583.87
5 2
1 BASE DCON G2 2456.20 1,637.47
6 2
1 BASE DCON H2 786.91 524.61
7 2
1 BASE DCON I2 -
8 2
1 BASE DCON A3 1808.10 1,205.40
9 2
2 BASE DCON B3 1635.88 1,090.59
0 2
2 BASE DCON C3 702.21 468.14
1 2
2 BASE DCON D3 -
2 2
2 BASE DCON E3 -
3 2
2 BASE DCON F3 3083.82 2,055.88
4 2
2 BASE DCON G3 2257 1,504.67
Page | 21
5 2
2 BASE DCON H3 407.43 271.62
6 2
 Structural report on Dang Project
Deflection of the building

Displacement along the X-X direction

Displacement along the Y-Y axis

Page | 22
 Structural report on Dang Project
Deflection of the building:

Storey Displacement Displacement Inter storey Drift X-X Drift Y –Y

in X direction in Y direction height ( mm) direction direction

Top floor 7.95 15.22 3600 0.00184 0.0021

Lvl +17600

Four floor 1.35 7.765 3600 0.000168 0.000534

Lvl
+14000

Third floor 0.7441 5.84 3100 0.00011 0.000703

Lvl + 10400

Second 0.404 3.66 3600 0.0000758 0.000933

floor
Lvl +7300

First floor 0.131 0.301 3700 0.000035 0.000081

Lvl + 3700

Ground
floor lvl
+0.00

The permissible storey drift as per the code IS 1893-2002 is 0.004 times the storey
height in the elastic range. In our case the maximum drift is 0.0021 <<<< 14.8

7.0 MEMBER DESIGN

7.1 Floor slab design

The behavior of a two way slab is very complex and being highly indeterminate. Its
analysis is made using approximate theory which yields a satisfactory result for design
purposes. Detail design of the slab is done for each slab panel and result has been
tabulated for sake f convince.

Load calculation sheet for slab design

Page | 23
 Structural report on Dang Project

S.NO Details Thickness Unit wt. Load Load

(kN/m3) ( kN/m2)

1 slab self wt. 0.15 25 3.75

2 Floor 1.20
finishes
3 Live load 4.0
4 other
5 Total 8.95 kN/m2 9.0kN/m2
DL+LL

Reference steps Calculations

Overall depth assume D = 150mm
Effective depth d = 133mm
Lx =3.75m
Ly =3.75m
Ly/Lx =1.0 ( one long edge discontinuous)

BM x or y = ax/y *W*Lx 2

Where
ax & ay are coefficient given in table 26

Mx & My are Bending moment on strip of unit width spanning

lx & ly respectively

W is load on slab area

Lx & ly are length of shorter span & longer span respectively

Here we have for slab edge condition ONE LONG EDGE

DISCONTINUOUS

ax ( edge) = 0.037 ax ( mid) = 0.028

IS 456:2000
annex D ay ( edge) = 0.037 ay ( mid) = 0.028
table 26

Moment calculation
DL+LL = 9.75kN/m2
IS 456:2000
Annex D The factored load =1.5*9.75 = 14.63kN/m2
clause D
1.1 Mx (edge) = ax ( edge) *W* Lx2

Page | 24
Structural report on Dang Project

= 0.037*14.63*3.752
= 7.61 kNm

Mx (mid) = ax (mid) *W* Lx2

= 0.028*14.63*3.752
= 5.76 kNm

My (edge) = ax ( edge) *W* Lx2

= 0.037*14.63*3.752
= 7.61 kNm

My (mid) = ax (mid) *W* Lx2

= 0.028*14.63*3.752
= 5.76 kNm

Computation of depth of the slab

Effective depth d = √BM/0.138*fck*1000

= √7.61*106/0.138*25*1000

= 46.96mm < 133 mm ( Ok)

Computation of steel area

From the use of SP16

BM = 0.87*fy*Ast*( d-fy*Ast/fck*b)

Ast along the Lx (shorter span) at edge

7.61* 106 = 0.87*415*Ast (133-415*Ast/25*1000)

= 48019.65Ast -5.99Ast 2

Ast2 -8016.64Ast + 1.27*106 = 0

Ast = 161.68 mm2

Provided 10mmm dia bar @ 150c/c

Ast along the Lx (shorter span) at mid

5.76* 106 = 0.87*415*Ast (133-415*Ast/25*1000)

Page | 25
 Structural report on Dang Project

= 48019.65Ast -5.99Ast 2

Ast2 -8016.64Ast + 0.96*106 = 0

Ast = 121.60mm2
Provided 10mm dia. Bars @ 150c/c

Ast along the Ly (longer span) at edge

7.61* 106 = 0.87*415*Ast (133-415*Ast/25*1000)

= 48019.65Ast -5.99Ast 2

Ast2 -8016.64Ast + 1.27*106 = 0

Ast = 161.68 mm2

Provided 10mmm dia bar @ 150c/c

Ast along the Lx (shorter span) at mid

5.76* 106 = 0.87*415*Ast (133-415*Ast/25*1000)

= 48019.65Ast -5.99Ast 2

Ast2 -8016.64Ast + 0.96*106 = 0

Ast = 121.60mm2
Provided 10mm dia. Bars @ 150c/c

Check for minimum reinforcement

Amin. = 0.12% of total cross section
= 0.12/100 *133*1000
= 159.60mm2 < Ast x provided

Therefore it is OK

IS 456:200 Check for deflection

fig. 4
Pt = 413.33*100/1000*133 = 0.311%
Service Stress in steel Fs = 0.58*415*161.68/413.33 = 94.15
N/mm2

Page | 26
 Structural report on Dang Project

Hence MF = 2 ( l/d ) max =26*2 = 52

D =3750/52 = 72.12 >d provided

( l/d ) adopted = 3.75 *1000/100 = 37.5

Since (l/d0 max > (l/d0 adopted, Hence safe in deflection

Check for shear

Average depth d = 133m m
Max. shear force =0.5*W*Lx
IS 456:2000 = 0.5*14.63*3.75
table 13 = 27.43kN
Nominal shear stress tv = Vu/b*d
= 27.43*1000/1000*133
= 0.21n/mm2

For the percentage of steel = 413.33/1000*133 =0.31%

IS 456:200 the tc = 0.396 N/mm2 > nominal shear stress
CL40.2.1.1
the design shear strength of the concrete for 150mm overall
depth
tc *K where K =1.30
therefore tc * K = 0.396*1.30 = 0.5148 N/mm2
Since K* tc > tv hence safe in shear

Page | 27
 Structural report on Dang Project

7.2 Floor Beam design

The beams are designed automatically by SAP2000 version 16 as per the IS 456:2000
based on design moments and forces ( shear ) obtained after analyzing the structure
and considering the most severe load combination

Preliminary design for adopting the size of beam

Effective depth of beam should lies within the range such that: L / 15  deff < L / 12

Adopting effective depth of beam is 1/15 of span

For span 7.500m = 7500mm

d eff = 1/15.  7500 = 500 mm

Providing 20 mm  bar and 25 mm clear cover

Effective cover = 25 +20/ 2 = 35 mm

Overall depth ( D ) = 500 + 35 = 535 mm

Overall depth ( D ) = 550 mm

Width ‘b’ / Depth ‘D’ =1/2

Width ‘b’ = 1 / 2  550 = 275 mm

Adopt width ‘b’ = 400 mm

Beam size 400x550mm

= 350mm  230mm

For span 12.50m = 12500mm

d eff = 1/15  12500 = 834 mm

Providing 16 mm  bar and 25 mm clear cover

Effective cover = 25 +10 / 2 = 35 mm

Overall depth ( D ) = 834 + 35 = 869 mm

Overall depth ( D ) = 900 mm

Page | 28
 Structural report on Dang Project
Width ‘b’ / Depth ‘D’ =1/2

Width ‘b’ = 1 / 2  900 = 450mm

Adopt width ‘b’ = 230 mm

Beam size = 450mm  900mm

DESIGN OF BEAM

BEAM ALONG THE AXIS 3-3 BETWEEN B &C

Reference steps calculations

s
Beam span 7500mm

Design value:
1 MU ( - ve) = 177.84 KN-m
VU = 104.49 KN
Clear cover (C) = 25 mm
Assumed dia. of bar () = 20mm
Now, the effective depth deff = 550 – 25 – 20/2 =
515 mm
Ultimate moment of resistance
MU,lim = 0.36  fck  b  xm  ( d – 0.42  xm)
= 0.36254000.48515(515 –
0.420.48515)

Page | 29
 Structural report on Dang Project

= 365.91 KN-m > MU

Therefore, the section can be designed as single reinforced

section.
2 Calculation of reinforcement

Area of tension steel corresponds to MU,lim

Mu/bd2 = 1.68
From the SP 6 for M 25N/mm2 & Fe =415
Pt = 0.508 % Ast = 1046.48mm2 Provide 3nr. 20 dia.
Throughout +
2nrs. 25mm
IS: 456- dia extra
2000, 3 A =1902mm2
Clause Pc = 0.254% Asc = 523 mm2 provide 3 nr. 20 dia throughout
26.5.1.1 Check for minimum reinforcement

As per IS: 456-2000, Clause 26.5.1.1

For minimum reinforcement
Ao 0.85
b×d = fy
Ao = 0.85400515/415 = 421mm2 < Ast
Hence OK.

4 Check for maximum reinforcement

A st ×100
b×D = (1902) X 100)/400 x 515 = 0.92% 
4% Hence OK.
Check for shear reinforcement
Maximum shear occurs at the face of the support.
VU = 104.49 KN
VU
Nominal shear stress, v = b×d = (104.49 x 1000)/
400X515 = 0.51 N/mm2
A st ×100
% of tension steel = b×d = 0.92 %
From IS: 456-2000, Table - 19
IS: 456- Shear strength for M25 concrete, c = 0.63 N/mm2
2000, > v
Clause Hence nominal shear reinforcement is enough
26.5.1.5 Sv  515 mm

Page | 30
 Structural report on Dang Project

 0.75  d = 0.75  515 = 386

mm
5  100 mm

Check for ductility

Maximum spacing of vertical stirrup at the support
SV, max = 0.25  d = 0.25  515
= 128 mm C/C
Therefore, provide 2- legged 8mm  vertical stirrup @ 75 mm
Beam nr. C/C up to L/4
2 from the face of the support & 125mm c/c in the remaining
length.

L = 12500mm Along the axis C between 3 & 5

Design value:
MU ( - ve) = 791.00 KN-m
VU = 286.00 KN
Clear cover (C) = 25 mm
Assumed dia. of bar () = 20mm
Now, the effective depth deff = 900 – 25 – 25/2 =
862.50mm
Breadth provided b = 500mm
Ultimate moment of resistance
MU,lim = 0.36  fck  b  xm  ( d – 0.42  xm)
= 0.36254000.48862.50(862.50
– 0.420.48862.50)
= 1282.90 KN-m > MU
1
Therefore, the section can be designed as single reinforced
section.

Calculation of reinforcement

Area of tension steel corresponds to MU,lim

Mu/bd2 = 2.13
From the SP 6 for M 25N/mm2 & Fe =415
Pt = 0.662 % Ast = 2854.87mm2 Provide 6nr. 25 dia.
Throughout +
3nrs. 16mm
2
dia extra
A =1902mm2
IS: 456-
Pc = 0.331% Asc = 1427.44mm2 provide 4 nr. 25 dia
2000,
throughout A = 1920mm2
Clause
Check for minimum reinforcement

Page | 31
 Structural report on Dang Project

26.5.1.1 As per IS: 456-2000, Clause 26.5.1.1

For minimum reinforcement
Ao 0.85
3 b×d = fy
Ao = 0.85500862.50/415 = 883.28mm2 < Ast
Hence OK.

Check for maximum reinforcement

A st ×100
b×D = (3483) X 100)/500 x862.50 = 0.81%
 4% Hence OK.
Check for shear reinforcement
Maximum shear occurs at the face of the support.
VU = 286.00kn
VU
Nominal shear stress, v = b×d = (286.00x 1000)/
500X862.50 = 0.664 N/mm2
IS: 456- A st ×100
2000, Table b×d
% of tension steel = = 0.81 %
-19
From IS: 456-2000, Table - 19
Shear strength for M25 concrete, c = 0.61 N/mm2
< v
IS: 456- As per
2000, c, max = 2.8 N/mm2
Clause c, max  v < c
26.5.1.5 Hence shear reinforcement must be designed for shear value
(v - c)  b  d
Sv = 0.87*4*62*415*862.5/(0.81-0.61)*500*862.50 = 895mm
4 As per IS: 456-2000, Clause 26.5.1.5
Sv  862.50mm
<0.75  d = 0.75  862.50 = 646.88 mm

 100 mm
Check for ductility
Maximum spacing of vertical stirrup at the support
SV, max = 0.25  d = 0.25  862.50
= 215.62 mm C/C
Therefore, provide 4- legged 10mm  vertical stirrup @ 125
mm C/C throughout

Page | 32
 Structural report on Dang Project

7.3 Column design

Column is designed in biaxial bending. The value of moment and axial force is taken
from the model analysis.

Column size = 750x750mm

Grade of concrete = M25

Characteristic strength of reinforcement = 415N/mm2

Factored load Pu =366kN

Factored moment acting parallel to the larger dimension Mux =544kNm

Factored moment acting parallel to the shorter dimension Muy = 142.77kNm

Reference steps Calculations

s
1 Assume percentage of steel

Pt = 1.60%
Pt/fck = 1.60/25 = 0.064

Uni-axial moment capacity of the section about the X-X axis &
y-y axis

D’/D = 40/750 = 0.05

Pu/fck*b*d = 366000/25*750*750
= 0.026

Mu/fck*b*d2 = 0.115

Mux1 = 0.115*25*7503

= 1213 kNm = Muy1

Calculation of Pz

Puz = 0.45*fck*Ag + 0.75*fy* Ast

= 0.45*25*( 750x750 -0.016*750*750) +

0.75*415*0.016*750*750

Page | 33
 Structural report on Dang Project

= 0.45*25*553500 +0.75*415*9000

= 9028.13kN

Calculation of Pu/Puz

Pu/Puz = 366000/9028130
= 0.0405

Mux/Mux1 = 544/1213 = 0.45

Muy/Muy1 = 142.77/1213 =0.12

an = 2/3 { 1+2.5*P/Pz}
= 0.67*(1+2.5*0.0405)
= 0.74

Criteria to be satisfied

(Mux/Mux1) an + (Muy/Muy1) an <1

= 0.45 0.74 +0.12 0.74

= 0.47<1

Calculation of area of steel

Ast = 1.6 /100 * 750x750 = 9000 mm2

Provide 4nr.s 32mm dia & 12nrs. 25mmdia.

A = (3216.99+ 5890. 49) = 9107.48mm2 > required

Maximum shear in column

Vc =315.622kN
IS 456:2000 Shear stress =315000/750*750
= 0.56 N/mm2
Table 19
For percentage of steel pt =9107/750x750 =1.62%
The shear strength from table 19 =0.76

Page | 34
 Structural report on Dang Project

Shear stress = d* tc
Where

d = 1+(3*Pu/Ag*fck)

Pu = axial compression in N
Ag = gross cross section of concrete
fck = characteristic compressive strengthof concrete

d = 1+(3*Pu/Ag*fck)
IS 456:2000
clause = 1 + ( 3* 366000/750*750 *25)
40.2.2 = 1.07

Shear strength 1.07*0.56 = 0.60 N/mm2 < design shear

strength

Cl. Design of transverse steel

26.5.3.2©
Diameter of links not less than 32/4 or 6mm

Use 10mm dia spacing least of

a) dimension of column =750mm

b) 16times dia meter of long steel = 16*32 =512mm

c.) min. 300 mm

Here we have adopted shear reinforcement 6 legged 10mm

dia. @ 100c/c spacing

Column is designed in biaxial bending. The value of moment and axial force is taken
from the model analysis.

Column size = 600x600mm

Grade of concrete = M25

Characteristic strength of reinforcement = 415N/mm2

Factored load Pu = 3018.73kN

Page | 35
 Structural report on Dang Project
Factored moment acting parallel to the larger dimension Mux = 423.45kNm

Factored moment acting parallel to the shorter dimension Muy = 143.05kNm

Reference steps Calculations

s
1 Assume percentage of steel

Pt = 3.57%
Pt/fck = 3.5725 = 0.143

Uni-axial moment capacity of the section about the X-X axis &
y-y axis

D’/D = 40/600 = 0.07

Pu/fck*b*d = 3018.73*1000/25*600*600
= 0.335

Mu/fck*b*d2 = 0.19

Mux1 = 0.19*25*6003

= 1026 kNm = Muy1

Calculation of Pz

Puz = 0.45*fck*Ag + 0.75*fy* Ast

= 0.45*25*( 600x600 -0.0357*600*600) +

0.75*415*0.0357*600*600

= 0.45*25*347148 +0.75*415*12852

= 7905.60kN

Calculation of Pu/Puz

Pu/Puz = 3018.73/7905.60
= 0.38

Mux/Mux1 = 423.45/1026 = 0.413

Page | 36
 Structural report on Dang Project

Muy/Muy1 = 143.05/1026 =0.139

an = 2/3 { 1+2.5*P/Pz}
= 0.67*(1+2.5*0.38)
= 1.31

Criteria to be satisfied

(Mux/Mux1) an + (Muy/Muy1) an <1

= 0.413 1.31 +0.139 1.31

= 0.389<1

Calculation of area of steel

Ast = 3.57 /100 * 600x600 = 12852 mm2

Provide 16 nr.s 32mm dia .

A = 16*804.25 = 12868 mm2 > required

Maximum shear in column

Shear force in column = (162.39+50.51)/ 3.6 = 59.14kN
IS 456:2000 Shear stress = 59.14 *1000/520*520
= 0.22 N/mm2
Table 19
For percentage of steel pt =9107/750x750 =3.57%
The shear strength from table 19 = 0.92

Shear stress = d* tc
Where

d = 1+(3*Pu/Ag*fck)

Pu = axial compression in N
Ag = gross cross section of concrete
fck = characteristic compressive strengthof concrete

d = 1+(3*Pu/Ag*fck)
IS 456:2000

Page | 37
 Structural report on Dang Project

clause = 1 + ( 3* 366000/750*750 *25)

40.2.2 = 1.07

Shear strength 1.07*0.92 = 0.98 N/mm2 > shear stress

Cl. Design of transverse steel

26.5.3.2©
Diameter of links not less than 32/4 or 6mm

Use 10mm dia spacing least of

a) dimension of column =750mm

b) 16times dia meter of long steel = 16*32 =512mm

c.) min. 300 mm

Here we have adopted shear reinforcement 6 legged 10mm

dia. @ 100c/c spacing

Table showing column reinforcement bars

S.n GRID size Column Actual Reinforcement bar Remark

o Name %
a b 32mm 25mm 20mm
dia. dia. dia.
1 A1 0.50 0.50 C4 2.80 12 4
B1 0.50 0.50 C4 2.8 12 4
C1 0.50 0.50 C4 2.80 12 4
D1 0.50 0.50 C2 1.77 4 8
E1 0.50 0.50 C2 1.77 4 8
G1 F1 0.50 0.50 C4 2.8 12 4
G1 0.50 0.50 C4 2.8 12 4
H1 0.50 0.50 C5 2.54 4 8
I1

A2 0.50 0.50 C4 2.8 12 8

B2 0.50 0.50 C4 2.8 12 8
C2 0.50 0.50 C4 2.80 12 8
D2 0.50 0.50 C6 1.51 12
E2 0.50 0.50 C6 1.51 12

Page | 38
 Structural report on Dang Project

F2 0.75 0.75 C1 1.60 4 12

G2 0.75 0.75 C1 1.60 4 12
H2 0.50 0.50 C5 2.54 4 8
I2

A3 0.50 0.50 C6 1.51 12

B3 0.50 0.50 C6 1.51 12
C3 0.60 0.60 C10 3.57 16
D3
E3
F3 0.75 0.75 C1 1.60 4 12
G3 0.75 0.75 C1 1.60 4 12
H3 0.50 0.50 C6 1.51 12
I3 0.50 0.50 C8 1.0 8

A4 0.50 0.50 C6 1.51 12

B4 0.50 0.50 C6 1.51 12
C4
D4
E4
F4 0.75 0.75 C1 1.60 4 12
G1 0.75 0.75 C1 1.60 4 12
H1 0.50 0.50 C6 1.51 12
I4 0.50 0.50 C8 1.0 8

A5 0.50 0.50 C7 2.0 16

B5 0.50 0.50 C7 2.0 16
C5 0.60 0.60 C10 3.57 12
D5
E5
F5 0.75 0.75 C1 1.60 4 12
G5 0.75 0.75 C1 1.60 4 12
H5 0.50 0.50 C6 1.51 12
I5 0.50 0.50 C8 1.0 8

A6 0.50 0.50 C7 2.0 16

B6 0.50 0.50 C7 2.0 16
C6 0.50 0.50 C6 1.51 12
D6 0.50 0.50 C8 1.0 8
E6 0.50 0.50 C8 1.0 8
F6 0.75 0.75 C1 1.60 4 12
G6 0.75 0.75 C1 1.60 4 12
H6 0.50 0.50 C6 1.51 12

Page | 39
 Structural report on Dang Project

I6

7.4 Foundation design

The foundation has been designed as per the nature of the soil at site and the type of the
structure. Basically most of the footing for the building is isolated footing and is rigidly
connected with beams at the foundation level. The sample calculation of the isolated
footing is given below

Design of a isolated footing

Foundation footing for column G, 4

Factored axial load 1.5* ( DL+LL) Pu = 2577.98kN

The un-factored axial load = 1718.65kN

Reference steps Calculations

s
Obtain the axial load on column base due to dead load
and imposed load from SAP2000 output data
Determine the size of foundation footing considering un-
factored load and safe bearing capacity of ground soil

Un-factored load p =1718.65kN

As pert eh Assume 10% for foundation self weight
soil test Total load on column including its self weight = 1890.52kN
report Safe bearing capacity of soil SBC =120kN/m2

The required area of foundation footi ng = 1890.52/120

=15.75m2

The required size of footing =3.97x3.97

Provided footing size = 4.20x4.20
A = 17.64m2

Net soil pressure

N = 2577.98/17.64
146.14 kN/m2

Depth for one way shear

D = P( L-b)/2P +700L2

Page | 40
 Structural report on Dang Project

IS 456:2000
table 19 = 2577.98 ( 4.20-0.75)/2*2577.98 + 700*4.22

= 2577.98* 3.45/17503.96

= 0.508m

Dept for two way shear

IS critical section at d/2 from the face of the column

Perimeter = 4 ( b+d) = 4 ( 0.75 + 0.692) = 5.768 m

Shear = 2577.98/ 4.22 = 146.14 kN/m2

Shear = 146.14 *( 4.22-1.4422) = 2274.03 Kn/m2

Permissible shear = 0.25√fck = 0.25* 5 = 1.25N/mm2

Effective depth d = 2274.03*1000/1.25*5768 = 315.40mm

Calculation of bending moment in both directions

BM = 146.14*4.2 *{(4.2-0.75)0.5}2

= 146.14*4.2*1.7252

= 1826.40 kn-m

Depth of the footing d = √ BM/0.138*fck*b

= √ 1826.40*106/0.138*25*4200

= 397mm

The overall depth D = 397+50+8 = 455mm

Provide overall depth D = 750mm then effective depth d =
692mm

Calculation of area of reinforcement

Mu = 0.87*fy *Ast* ( d-(fy*Ast/fck*b)}

Page | 41
 Structural report on Dang Project

1826.40 * 10 6 = 0.87*415*Ast { ( 692 – (415*Ast/25*4200)

1826.40 * 106 = 361.05*Ast (692-0.00395 Ast)

1826.40 * 106 = 249846.60 Ast – 1.43 Ast 2

Ast 2 – 174717.90 Ast + 1277.20*106

Solving the equation

Ast = 7644 mm2

Provide 16mm dia. @110mm c/c in both directions

The percentage o f steel pt = 7839/692*4200 = 0.27%

The shear stress for pt =0.27% is Tc = 0.36N/mm2
SP 16 table Check development length ( for bond) of main steel
65
Length from the face of column = ½ (4200-750) = 1725mm

Development length for 25 mm dia. = 1400 mm <

1725mm

Design of isolated footing

Foundation footing for column A, 5 (Footing F3)

Factored axial load 1.5* ( DL+LL) Pu = 1936.86kN

The un-factored axial load = 1291.24kN

Reference Steps Calculations

s
Obtain the axial load on column base due to dead load
and imposed load from SAP2000 output data
Determine the size of foundation footing considering un-
factored load and safe bearing capacity of ground soil

Un-factored load p =1291.24kN

As per the
soil test Assume 10% for foundation self weight
report
Total load on column including its self weight = 1420.36kN

Page | 42
 Structural report on Dang Project

Safe bearing capacity of soil SBC =120kN/m2

The required area of foundation footi ng = 1420.36/120

=11.83m2

The required size of footing = 3.44x3.44

Provided footing size = 3.80x3.80
A = 14.44m2

Net soil pressure

N = 1936.86/14.44
= 134.13 kN/m2

Depth for one way shear

D = P( L-d)/2P +700L2
IS 456:2000
table 19 = 1936.86( 3.80-0.50)/2*1936.86 + 700*3.82

= 1936.86* 3.30/13981.72

= 0.457m

Depth for two way shear

IS critical section at d/2 from the face of the column

Perimeter = 4 ( b+d) = 4 ( 0.50 + 0.692) = 4.768 m

Shear = 1936.86/ 14.44 = 134.13kN/m2

Shear = 134.13 *( 3.82-1.4212) = 1665.996 Kn/m2

Permissible shear = 0.25√fck = 0.25* 5 = 1.25N/mm2

Effective depth d = 1936.86*1000/1.25*4768 = 325mm

Calculation of bending moment in both directions

Page | 43
Structural report on Dang Project

As the footing is square the bending moment in ‘X’

direction will be the same to the bending moment in ‘Y’
direction

BM = 134.13*3.8 *{(3.8-0.50)0.5}2

= 146.14*4.2*1.7252

= 1387.64 kN-m

Depth of the footing d = √ BM/0.138*fck*b

= √ 1387.64*106/0.138*25*3800

= 326mm

The overall depth D = 326+50+8 = 384mm

Provided overall depth D = 750mm then effective depth d
= 692mm

Calculation of area of reinforcement

Mu = 0.87*fy *Ast* ( d-(fy*Ast/fck*b)}

1387.64 * 10 6 = 0.87*415*Ast { ( 692 – (415*Ast/25*4200)

1387.64 * 106 = 361.05*Ast (692-0.00395 Ast)

1387.64* 106 = 249846.60 Ast – 1.43 Ast 2

Ast 2 – 174717.90 Ast + 970.38*106

Solving the equation

Ast = 5742.74 mm2

Provide 16mm dia. @110mm c/c in both directions

The percentage o f steel pt = 5742.74/692*3800 = 0.22%

The shear stress for pt =0.22% is Tc = 0.34N/mm2

The shear stress in footing = 1936.86 /692*3800 =

0.052N/mm2 << 0.36N/mm2

Page | 44
 Structural report on Dang Project

Check development length ( for bond) of main steel

Length from the face of column = ½ (3800-500) = 1650mm

Development length for 20 mm dia. = 1160 mm <

1650mm

7.5 Plinth level Tie beams

Since all the isolated footings for the building has been designed to take required
underneath ground soil pressure, it can be said that the tie beams connected to these
footings will not experience any soil pressure. Similarly since all these tie beams rest on
the grade, these are not subjected to any flexure. Thus a minimum reinforcement would
be sufficient to provide structures integrity between the footing and tie beams. In case
of isolated footing and continuous strip footing of required size and depth have been
provided to overcome the uplift. Here in our case the size of tie beams at the
foundation level and plinth level is 350x550 reinforced with 4nos 20mm dia. at the top
and bottom.

7.6 Shear wall

There is a reinforced concrete shear wall around the stage and audience hall. The
thickness of the concrete wall is 230mm. The interaction between these shear walls and
the column is structurally advantageous in that the walls restrain the frame
deformation on the storyes.

The wall is reinforced with vertical bars of 12mm dia @ 140c/c in both faces. The
horizontal reinforcement is 10mm dia. @ 175c/c.

7.7 Design of staircase

Doglegged staircase ( staircase 1)

Physical properties of staircase

Page | 45
 Structural report on Dang Project
Stair width = 3300

Step length = 1500

Tread =300

Riser = 155

Stair landing width = 1500

References step Calculations

Thickness of staircase slab it is determined by the

serviceability limit state of deflection as follows:
d = l/20*mf
Where
L = effective length of staircase slab
Clear span + d or clear span + width of support
whichever is smaller
Length of staircase l = 5.057m

Consider D = 200mm effective depth d =172mm

Effective length l = 4900 + 172 or 4900+300 which is
smaller = =
5072mm

For percentage o f reinforcement Pt = 0.71% the

modification factor mf = 1.15
D = 5072/20*1.15 = 220.52 = lets say 225mm

The effective length l = 4900+225 = 5125mm

Calculation of load on stair slab

The staircase slab shall be designed for maximum span

moment and the reinforcement required shall eb
extended along the span with necessary curtailment as
follows:
Maximum ultimate span moment

Mu =( 0.5*Wul*l2 + 0.5*Wuw*lf ) ( l1 +lf/4)

Wul = ultimate load on landing slab /m2

= 1.5 * ( dead load + weight of surface finish+ live
load)/m2

Page | 46
Structural report on Dang Project

=1.5 * (25*0.25 +1.2+3.0)

= 1.5*10.45
= 15.675 kN/m2
The load per m length UDL 15.675*1.5 = 23.51 kN/m

Lf = length of landing slab from support

= 1.5+effective depth of slab /2

= 1.5 + 0.222/2 =1.611m

Wuw = Ultimate load on flight per m2 of horizontal plan

area

= 1.5* ( dead weight of waist slab + weight of steps +

weight of surf ace finish + live load)/m2

1.5*( 25*0.25*{( tread2 +riser 2) 0.5/tread} +(25*0.5

*tread*riser/tread) + 1.2+3.0

= 1.5(25*0.25*1.126 +1.94+1.2+3.0)
= 19.77 kN/m2

The load per m length UDL 19.77*1.5 = 29.655 kN/m

Lf = length of horizontal waist slab in horizontal plan

= 3.304m

The support reaction

Ra = 64.60kN Rb =71.26kN

Calculation of Bending moment

The distance from the support, where there will be

maximum bending moment

X = 64.60/23.51 = 2.75m
The maximum BM = 64.60*2.75 -23.51*1.611*1.94 –
29.655*1.139*1.139*0.5
= 177.65 – 73.48 -19.24
= 84.93 kN-m

Required depth of slab = √84.93*106/0.138*25*1500

Page | 47
 Structural report on Dang Project

= 128.11mm
The overall depth D = 128.11+20+8 = 156mm
Provide overall depth 185mm

Effective depth d =185-20-8 = 157mm

Calculation of reinforcement

BMu = 0.87*fy *Ast* ( d-(fy*Ast/fck*b)}

= 0.87*415* Ast (157 -0.0138*Ast)

84.93*106 = 56684.85 Ast – 4.98Ast2

4.98Ast2 – 56684.85 Ast + 84.93 * 106 = 0

Ast2 – 11382.50Ast + 17.05*106 = 0

Ast = 1775.00 mm2

i.e. 16mm dia. Rebar @ 113c/c

Provided 16mm dia @ 110c/c A =2814mm2

IS 456:200 Check for shear

Table 19
Shear force V = 71.26*1000/157*1000 = 0.45N/mm2

For pt = 1.16% tc = 0.69> tv safe in shear

Check for serviceability for deflection

The percentage of steel = 0.77%

The value of effective depth ‘d’ shall be more than the
value given by

dmin. =l/26*mf

= 5057/26* mf

The required area of steel Ast 1 =1775.00mm2

Provided are of steel Ast2 = 2814.00mm2

Steel stress of service fs = 0.58*415*1775.00/2814.00 =

Page | 48
 Structural report on Dang Project

152N/mm2

The modification actor mf = 1.58

Dmin. = 5057/26*1.58 = 123mm < provided effective

depth ‘d’

Design of staircase

Open well staircase ( staircase 2)

Physical properties of staircase

Stair width = 7500

Staircase length = 4500

Step length = 2400

Tread =300

Riser = 150

Stair landing width = 2400

References steps Calculations

Thickness of staircase slab it is determined by the

serviceability limit state of deflection as follows:
d = l/26*mf
Where
L = effective length of staircase slab
Clear span + d or clear span + width of support whichever
is smaller
Length of staircase l = 4903mm

Page | 49
Structural report on Dang Project

Consider D = 200mm effective depth d =172mm

Effective length l = 4903 + 172 or 4903+300 which is smaller
= = 5075mm

For percentage o f reinforcement Pt = 0.93% the

modification factor mf = 1.10
D = 5075/26*1.10 = 178 = lets say 180mm

The effective length l = 4903+180 = 5083mm

Calculation of load on stair slab

The staircase slab shall be designed for maximum span

moment and the reinforcement required shall eb extended
along the span with necessary curtailment as follows:
Maximum ultimate span moment

Mu =( 0.5*Wul*l2 + 0.5*Wuw*lf ) ( l1 +lf/4)

Wul = ultimate load on landing slab /m2

= 1.5 * ( dead load + weight of surface finish+ live
load)/m2
=1.5 * (25*0.18 +1.2+5.0)
= 1.5*10.70
= 16.05 kN/m2
The load per m length UDL 16.05*2.4 = 38.52 kN/m

Lf = length of landing slab from support

= 1.5+effective depth of slab /2

= 2.4 + 0.182/2 = 2.491m

Wuw = Ultimate load on flight per m2 of horizontal plan

area

= 1.5* ( dead weight of waist slab + weight of steps +

weight of surf ace finish + live load)/m2

1.5*( 25*0.18*{( tread2 +riser 2) 0.5/tread} +(25*0.5

*tread*riser/tread) + 1.2+ 5.0

= 1.5(25*0.18*1.12 +1.875+1.2+5.0)

Page | 50
Structural report on Dang Project

= 19.67 kN/m2

The load per m length UDL 19.77*2.4 = 47.214 kN/m

Lf = length of horizontal waist slab in horizontal plan

= 2.10m

The support reaction

Ra = 111.61kN Rb =104.79kN

Calculation of Bending moment

The distance from the support, where there will be

maximum bending moment

X = 111.61/38.52 = 2.90m
The maximum BM = 111.61*2.90 -38.52*0.553*2.62 –
47.214*2.10*1.603 – 38.52*0.247*0.247*0.5
= 323.67 – 55.81 -158.94-1.17
= 108.75 kN-m

Required depth of slab = √108.75*106/0.138*25*2400

= 128.13mm
The overall depth D = 128.13+20+8 = 156mm
Provide overall depth 200mm

Effective depth d =200-20-8 = 172mm

Calculation of reinforcement

BMu = 0.87*fy *Ast* ( d-(fy*Ast/fck*b)}

= 0.87*415* Ast (172 -0.00691*Ast)

108.75*106 = 62101 Ast – 2.49Ast2

2.49Ast2 – 62101 Ast + 108.75* 106 = 0

Ast2 – 24940.16Ast + 43.67*106 = 0

Ast = 1894.97 mm2

Page | 51
 Structural report on Dang Project

i.e. 16mm dia. Rebar @ 250c/c

Provided 16mm dia @ 125c/c A =4020mm2

Check for shear

Shear force V = 111.61*1000/172*2400 = 0.27N/mm2

For pt = 0.97% tc = 0.64> tv safe in shear

Check for serviceability for deflection

The percentage of steel = 0.97%

The value of effective depth ‘d’ shall be more than the
value given by

dmin. =l/26*mf

= 5083/26* mf

The required area of steel Ast 1 =1894.97mm2

Provided are of steel Ast2 = 4020mm2

Steel stress of service fs = 0.58*415*1894.97/4020.00=

113.46N/mm2

The modification actor mf = 2

Dmin. = 5083/26*2.0 = 97.75mm < provided effective depth

‘d’

7.8 Roof truss design

Roof for the Audience is metal truss consist of hollow circular top and bottom rafters
with vertical and diagonal struts. The sloped of the roof is 80 two way sloped. The
roofing is uPVC sheet over hollow square purlins. The roof trusses are supported on
column and beam. Concrete Corbel is designed for supporting trusses wherever not
feasible to support on columns.

Steel truss

Page | 52
 Structural report on Dang Project
The analysis of roof truss consist of determination of loads and reactions as well as
determination of the internal forces in the member of roof trusses. The analysis and
design of steel truss is carried out by SAP 2000 version 16. The spacing between the
truss is 3.125m & 2.5m c/c the length of the truss is 22.50m. the ridge height of the truss
is 2.80m. The elevation of the truss is trapezoidal shape . The truss end height in either
side is 750mm. The main truss is connected by secondary trusses of different height in
lateral direction. The secondary trusses are parallel trusses made of hollow circular
pipes.

7.8.1 Calculation of load

Dead load

The dead load on roof trusses include self weight of trusses, roof coverings, purlins,
false ceiling, wind bracing etc. Usually the dead load on the roof truss is expressed as
the load per unit area in kN/m2

Upvc sheet = 133.00N/m2

Weight of purlin = 150.00N/m2

Weight of false ceiling =150.00 N/m2

Weight of bracing ( assumed0 = 15.00N/m2

Weight of truss = 125.00 N/m2

Weight of secondary truss = 62.50 N/m2

Total = 710.50 N/m2

Total weight 720.50x 6.25x22.50 = 99,914 N

= 99.914 kN

Nodal load for intermediate nodes = 5.0kN

End nodes = 2.5kN

Live load

The slope of the roof truss = 80

Live load 750-8x10 = 670 N/m2

The total live load = 670* 6.25*22.50 = 94218 N

Page | 53
 Structural report on Dang Project
= 94.218kN

Nodal load for intermediate nodes = 4.71kN

End nodes = 2.36kN

Wind load

Design Wind speed at any height z above ground = 47m/sec

Basic wind load Vb = K1*k2*k3*wind velocity

Where k1 = probability factor or risk

K2 = terrain height structure size factor

K3 = topography factor = 1 for slope ø <30 and 1 to 1.36 for upward slope for ø > 3 0

Here we have taken

K1 = 1.08

K2 = 0.93 terrain category 2 class C

K3 = 1.0

Wind load = 1.0*0.93*1.0*47

= 47.207 m/sec

Design of wind pressure ( pz) = 0.6*47.207*47.207

= 1337.1 N/m2

Assuming normal permeability 2.28/22.5 = 0.101 <05

Pitch of the roof = 80

Wind ward slope = -(0.4 – 1.2*2/5) = -0.08

On Lee ward slope = (1.2) = - 1.2

Wind normal to the ridge total pressure = (Cpe - Cpi) * Pz

Cpi = + 0.2 Cpi = -0.2

Wind ward Cpe = -0.08 = 159.05 = 371.11

Page | 54
 Structural report on Dang Project
Lee ward Cpe = -0.84 = - 1378.42 = 848.26

Wind parallel to the ridge = -0.36 = - 212.06 = -742.22

Total wind load 1378.42 * 22.5* 6.25 = 193,840.31 N

= 193.840 kN

Nodal loads for intermediate nodes = 9.69 kN

End nodes = 4.65kN

Load along ‘X’ direction = 9.69* Sin 80 = 1.35kN

Along the ‘y’ direction = 9.69* Cos 80 = 9.6kN

Design of roof Purlin

Salient features of the roof truss

S/no items features

1 Roof truss length 22.50m

2 Truss spacing 3.125 & 2.5 m c/c

3 Truss height 2.28m

4 Grade of steel purposed fy = 210N/mm2

for truss design

5 Yield stress 210N/mm2

6 Ultimate stress 310N/mm2

7 Material used Cold formed tubes and pipes

8 Material type Class 3 semi compact

9 Partial factor of safety IS code 800-2007 table 4, clause

3.5.1 & 5.3.3

10 Partial factor of safety for IS code 800-20007 table 5 clause

joints 5.4.1 shop fabrication

Page | 55
 Structural report on Dang Project
7.8.2 Design of roof purlins

Spacing of purlin = 1.136mc/c

Weight of roofing sheet = 133N/m2

Self Weight of purlin = 150N/m2

Weight of bracing = 15N/m2

Weight of false ceiling = 150N/m2

Total Dead load = 448 N/m2* 1.136 = 509.93 N/m

Live load = 750 -80 = 670N/m2

Total live load on purlin = 670 * 1.136* cos. 80 = 753.71 N/m

Wind load

Maximum wind load 1378.42 N/m2* 1.136 = 1565.88 N/m

Load combination

Dead + live load = 1.5( 509.93+753.71) = 1895.46 N/m

Dead load + wind load = 1.5* ( 509.93 -1565.88) = 1583.93N/m.

References steps Calculations

IS 800-2007
Considering the purlin to be continuous the design
maximum moments are

Muz = 1.89 * 3.1252/10 = 1.846 kNm Muy = 0.265*

3.1252 /10 = 0.26 kNm
Taking the maximum moment of the above
Mu = Muz = 1.846 kNm
Zpz = Mu/(fy/gm0) = 1.846*106/1.1/210 = 9.669 cm3

From steel table provide purlin SHS 75x75x 2.8 @ 6.19

kg/m
( A = 7.89cm2, W = 18.03 cm3)

The maximum required elastic section modulus of

Page | 56
 Structural report on Dang Project

purlin as per the IS 800: 2007

W = W*L/1668
Where w = total distributed service load in kN on one
span of the purlin arising from the dead load and snow
load excluding wind.
For grade of steel st 210 and effectively continuous

W = W*L/1668
= 0.509*3125/1668 = 0.95cm3 < provided
Minimum dimension fro grade St 210 as pert heIS
IS 800:2007 800:2007
L/70 = 3125/70 = 44.64mm < provided
Checking deflection

Allowable maximum deflection for purlin = Span/150

= 3125/150
= 20.84mm

We have deflection = 5/384*W*L3/E*I

L = 3125mm
E = 2.1*10 5 N/mm4
I = 67.63 cm4
W = Dead load + 0.5 live load = 509.93 + 0.5*753.71 =
886.78N/m

Deflection d = 5/384* 0.886*3.125*3.125*3.125/2.1*105 *

67.63*104.

= 0.013*2.70*1010/142.02*109
IS 800-2007
table 2 clause = 2.47mm < 20.84mm
3.7.2 & 3.7.4
The provided roof purlin 75x75x2.8 SHS is adequate ,
hence safe in deflection
The limiting width to thickness ratio
D/t < 88 ε2
88 ε2 = 88 *( √250/210)2 = 88*1.19 = 104.72

We have D/t =75/2.8 = 26.78 < 104.72

Page | 57
 Structural report on Dang Project

7.8.3 Main truss design

The analysis of truss is performed by SAP 2000 version 16 in 2D model analysis. The top
and bottom rafters are assumed 150 CHS pipe where as the internal struts are assumed
100 M CHS pipes.

Bending moment and axial force diagram

Page | 58
 Structural report on Dang Project

The maximum axial force in top rafter is

Compression = - 276.69kN

Tension = 108.74kN

Length of the member L = 1.136m

Assume rafter section = 150M

A = 24.40cm2, wall thickness =4.8mm, unit weight =19.20 kg/m

Radius of gyration r = 5.67cm

References steps Calculations

IS 800-2007 The section is designed in axial compression

Clause 7.1.2 The maximum designed compression load = 276.69 kN

section 7
The effective length factor K = 0.8

The effective length leff. = 0.8* 1.136 = 0.966m = 90.88cm

The maximum allowable slenderness ratio = l/180 =

3125/180
= 17.36

Page | 59
 Structural report on Dang Project

In our case the effective slenderness ratio of the member

KL/r = 90.88/5.67 = 16.03
The design buckling strength of the compression member
can b determined as follows:

As per the IS 800;2007 for buckling curve class ‘b’ and

effective
slenderness ratio = 16.03 and fy =210N/mm2
The buckling design compressive stress = 190.9N/mm2
The design compressive strength = 190.9* 2440
= 465.80 N/mm2 >> 276.69
kN

IS 800:2007 Provided section 150M CHS for top rafter is adequate

Clause 6.2
Check for design tensile strength
The design tensile strength of the member is smaller of the
following
Design strength due to yielding of gross section

T d,g = Ag ( fy/gmo)

= 2440*(210/1.1) = 465.818 kN < 108.74 kN

Design strength due to rupture of theend section
T d,n = a*An ( fu/gmo)
Consider shop fabrication of welded joint a = 0.8
Net area of member An = Ag = 2440mm2
IS 800: 2007 Therefore design tensile strength tdn = 0.8* 2440*(310/1.1)
table 2 clause 550.109kN
3.7.2 & 3.7.4
Therefore designed tensile strength td > t
The limiting width to thickness ratio
D/t < 88 ε2

88* {√250/210}2 = 88*1.19

= 88*1.19 = 104.72
D/t = 165.10/4.8 = 34.39mm < 104.72

Design of the bottom rafter

Compression = - 121.39kN

Tension = 53.37kN

Page | 60
 Structural report on Dang Project
Length of the member L = 1.125m

Assume rafter section = 150M

A = 24.40cm2, wall thickness = 4.8mm, unit weight =19.20 kg/m

Radius of gyration r = 5.67cm

References steps Calculations

IS 800-2007 The section is designed in axial compression

Clause 7.1.2 The maximum designed compression load = - 121.39 kN

section 7
The effective length factor K = 0.8

The effective length leff. = 0.8* 1.125 = 0.90m = 90.00cm

The maximum allowable slenderness ratio = l/180 =

1.125/180
= 6.25
In our case the effective slenderness ratio of the member
KL/r = 90.00/5.67 = 15.87
The design buckling strength of the compression member
can ‘b’ determined as follows:

As per the IS 800;2007 for buckling curve class ‘b’ and

effective
slenderness ratio = 15.87 and fy =210N/mm2
The buckling design compressive stress = 190.9N/mm2
The design compressive strength = 190.9*2440
= 465.80 N/mm2>>
121.39N/mm2

IS 800:2007 Provided section 150M CHS for top rafter is adequate

Clause 6.2
Check for design tensile strength
The design tensile strength of the member is smaller of the
following
Design strength due to yielding of gross section

T d,g = Ag ( fy/gmo)

= 2440*(210/1.1) = 465.818 kN < 108.74 kN

Design strength due to rupture of the end section

Page | 61
 Structural report on Dang Project

T d,n = a*An ( fu/gmo)

Consider shop fabrication of welded joint a = 0.8
Net area of member An = Ag = 2440mm2
IS 800: 2007
table 2 clause Therefore design tensile strength tdn = 0.8* 2440*(310/1.1)
3.7.2 & 3.7.4 550.109kN

Therefore designed tensile strength td > t

The limiting width to thickness ratio
D/t < 88 ε2

88* {√250/210}2 = 88*1.19

= 88*1.19 = 104.72
D/t = 165.10/4.8 = 34.39mm < 104.72

Design of vertical strut

Tensile force = 59.29kN

Compression force = -24.03kN

Length of the member L = 0.858m

Assume strut section = 100M

A = 15.60cm2, wall thickness = 4.50mm, unit weight =12.10 kg/m

Radius of gyration r = 3.89cm

References steps Calculations

IS 800-2007 The section is designed in axial compression

Clause 7.1.2 The maximum designed compression load = -

section 7 24.03kN

The effective length factor K = 0.8

The effective length leff. = 0.8* 0.858 = 0.686m =

68.60cm

Page | 62
 Structural report on Dang Project

The maximum allowable slenderness ratio = l/180 =

686/180
=
3.81
In our case the effective slenderness ratio of the
member
KL/r = 68.60/3.89 = 17.63
The design buckling strength of the compression
member can ‘b’ determined as follows:

As per the IS 800;2007 for buckling curve class ‘b’ and

effective
slenderness ratio = 17.63 and fy =210N/mm2
The buckling design compression stress = 190.9
IS 800:2007 N/mm2
Clause 6.2 The design compressive strength = 190.9*1560
= 297.804 kN>>
24.03kN

Provided section 100M CHS for top rafter is adequate

Check for design tensile strength

The design tensile strength of the member is smaller
of the following
Design strength due to yielding of gross section

T d,g = Ag ( fy/gmo)

IS 800: 2007 = 1560*(210/1.1) = 297.82 kN > 59.29 kN

table 2 clause Design strength due to rupture of the end section
3.7.2 & 3.7.4 T d,n = a*An ( fu/gmo)
Consider shop fabrication of welded joint a = 0.8
Net area of member An = Ag = 1560mm2

Therefore design tensile strength tdn = 0.8*

1560*(310/1.1)
351.71kN

Therefore designed tensile strength td > t

The limiting width to thickness ratio
D/t < 88 ε2

88* {√250/210}2 = 88*1.19

Page | 63
 Structural report on Dang Project

= 88*1.19 = 104.72
D/t = 114.30/4.5 = 25.4mm < 104.72

Design of diagonal strut

Compression force = - 134.83kN

Tensile force = 53.55 kN

Length of the member L = 1.415m

Assume strut section = 100M

A = 15.60cm2, wall thickness = 4.50mm, unit weight =12.10 kg/m

Radius of gyration r = 3.89cm

References steps Calculations

IS 800-2007 The section is designed in axial compression

Clause 7.1.2 The maximum designed compression load = -

section 7 134.83kN

The effective length factor K = 0.8

The effective length leff. = 0.8* 1.415= 1.132m =

113.20cm

The maximum allowable slenderness ratio = l/180 =

1132/180
=
6.29
In our case the effective slenderness ratio of the
member
KL/r = 113.20/3.89 = 29.10
The design buckling strength of the compression
member can ‘b’ determined as follows:
As per the IS 800;2007 for buckling curve class ‘b’ and
effective
IS 800:2007 slenderness ratio = 29.10 and fy = 210N/mm2
Clause 6.2 The buckling design compressive stress

Page | 64
 Structural report on Dang Project

= 184.8-(184.8-183.4)/20*1.10
= 184.72 N/mm2

The design compressive strength = 184.72* 1560 =

288.163 kN>> 134.83 kN
Provided section 100M CHS for top rafter is adequate

Check for design tensile strength

The design tensile strength of the member is smaller
of the following
Design strength due to yielding of gross section

IS 800: 2007 T d,g = Ag ( fy/gmo)

table 2 clause
3.7.2 & 3.7.4 = 1560*(210/1.1) = 297.82 kN > 59.29 kN
Design strength due to rupture of the end section
T d,n = a*An ( fu/gmo)
Consider shop fabrication of welded joint a = 0.8
Net area of member An = Ag = 1560mm2

Therefore design tensile strength tdn = 0.8*

1560*(310/1.1)
351.71kN

Therefore designed tensile strength td > t

The limiting width to thickness ratio
D/t < 88 ε2

88* {√250/210}2 = 88*1.19

= 88*1.19 = 104.72
D/t = 114.30/4.5 = 25.4mm < 104.72

7.8.4 Design of bearing plate of truss on support

The upward factored reaction at the support due to gravity load

1.5 ( DL+WL) = 1.5* ( 99.914+193.84) = 440.63 kN

The downward factored reaction due to wind load = 1.5( 99.914 +94.218) = 291.20 kN

The net upward load = 440.63-291.20 = 149.43kN

Page | 65
 Structural report on Dang Project
Consider the bearing stress of MS plate is 4Mpa

The required area of bearing plate A = 149430/4 = 37357mm2

The minimum size of the plate = 200x200

Lets provide the bearing plate 400x400 A =160000mm2

The net upward pressure N = 149430/160000 = 0.94n/mm2

The bending moment BM = 0.945*200*200/2 =18900 Nmm

The thickness of the base plate is determined by

Tp = √18900*6/189

= 24.49mm

Lets provide 25mm th. Bearing and base plate

7.8.5 Design of anchor bolts

The anchor bolts are designed to resist the uplift factored forces due to

wind load Ru w = 149.43kN

The required cross section area should be larger of the following

The nominal area from the consideration of yielding of gross section

Ag = tu*gmo/fy = 149.43* 103 * 1.1/210 = 782.73mm2

Minimum required area from the consideration of rupture at net section

An = tu*gmo/0.9fu

149.43*103*1.1/0.9*310 = 589.15mm2

Corresponding nominal bolt area = Ag = 589.15/0.75 = 785.34 mm2

Lets provide 4 numbers of 20mm dia. Anchor bolts

Calculation of length of bolt embedded to the concrete

L = 149.43*103*0.6/ 4*3.14*16

356.92mm

Page | 66
 Structural report on Dang Project
Lets provide the length of anchor bolt 450mm in U shaped

Page | 67