CIRCULATION AT GENERAL HOSPITAL

PREPARED BY: SUPERVISED BY:

• PESHSEWA MUHAMMED • L.MAYADA HIKMET
• ARYAN HASSAN • L. AKO NURI
• HEVAN SAEED • L.FUAD JALAL
• SHAHLA AKRAM • L. AMANJ
• WAFA LATIF 12 Dec 2018
CONTENT
SECTION SLIDE NUMBER

EXTENAL CIRCULATION 3-24

INTERNAL CIRCULATION 25-77

BUILDING ARRANGEMENT AND TYPES 78-93

STANDARD DIMENTIONS 94-109

SIMILAR EXAMPLES 114-144

Dec-18 2
EXTERNAL CIRCULATION
Dec-18 3
EXTERNAL CIRCULATION

External
circulation

Emergency Visitors Out patient Staff Services Morgue

Dec-18 4
 Visitor circulation
• The main public entrance needs high visibility and easy access, leading to the main public space or lobby .
• Drop off and parking needs to be conveniently provided for all types of traffic .
• relationship to available parking areas to minimize walking distances
• Provide ground level access for public.
• Visitor entrance leads to Public functions include entrance lobbies, atriums, meeting places, visitor and family
accommodations, food services, amenities such as shops and public services, and access to administration and
registration functions.

Visitors
Entrance

Dec-18 5
Service circulation
• The service area can be a separated
building from the main building of
hospital .
• As the service include cafeteria ,
laundry , mechanical , electrical and
maintenance .
• The service entrance and loading
bays need to be easily accessible but
out of public view.

Dec-18 6
 Service circulation
•This type of circulation considered to be
separated from public and visitors
entrance and staff route .
•Service should be obtained to cafeteria ,
mechanical , electrical and maintenance
for all parts of the hospital .
•Services such as maintenance , food and
equipment can arrive to wards and
upper floors of the building via service
elevator .
• Relationships between the loading
docks, materials handling, food services
and the elevators are the drivers at the
service floor level while the distance
from the elevators to supply and
distribution facilities in the care areas are
the drivers on the patient care or
treatment floors.

Ward

Dec-18 7
 Morgue circulation
•For morgue zone in general hospital
two entrances are required . One of
them to families and viewing area
and other one to the hospital units .
•The morgue entrance has considered
not to be visible for people . As
patients of the hospital circulation do
not cross the morgue circulation .
•There is parking area near morgue
entrance to transfer bodies.

Dec-18 8
Mortuary circulation

Dead bodies
Service entrance
transferring out

Transfer Dead
bodies from
hospital parts to
mortuary zone

Mortuary

Dec-18 9
Entrances example

Visitor circulation
Emergency circulation
Staff circulation
Service circulation
Atrium circulation
Mortuary exit

Helipad
Service separated building

Dec-18 10
 Advantages and disadvantages
Advantages
•Separated entrances for hospital parts (visitors , emergency , staff , service ).
•Easy access to emergency part .
•Service circulation is not visual for patient or staff .
•Mortuary exit is not visual to people .
Disadvantages
•No visual axis to the main entrance .
•The position of Helipad is away from emergency .

Dec-18 11
Emergency
Entrance Emergency
1-must be not close to the other zone
entrance of the general hospital
2-this entrance must be not
directly on the crowding road
3-have an open space go to the
emergency spaces Ambulance
4-not mixture with another parts
of the hospital because we most Parking
not have any crowding in here

Emergency
Ambulance parking
Entrance
Dec-18 12
Emergency entrance Main road
Emergency
Main entrance
Parking ambulance

Dec-18 13
Example
we have two entrances in the main elevation that one of it is emergency entrance that is disadvantage of
the project because in here we have crowding.

Dec-18 14
outpatient
entrance
Clinics
1-it must be with car parking
facilities nearby
2--must be close to the main
entrance

Out patient
parking

outpatient
entrance

Dec-18 15
 Main road

Clinics
Main entrance
Out patient entrance

Dec-18 16
Staff Entrance
1-must be close to the main
entrance Staff Zone
2-must be close to the parking
3- it has Easy administrative
organization given a centralized
management that controls the
operation of all modules in the Staff parking
vertical growth general hospital
building.
4-it has not Easy administrative
organization that given a
centralized management to
controls the operation of all
modules in the horizontal growth
Staff entrance
general hospital building.

Dec-18 17
 Ground floor Plan

merlin Park Hospital

Packing

Vertical circulation
Dec-18 18
 First floor Plan

merlin Park Hospital

Staff zone

Dec-18 19
Dec-18 20
parking
Parking can be provided in 3 ways
Short term parking: should be such placed that they
can be used by visitors. Can be provided on the ground
floor.
Long term parking: provided for people working in
offices and , can be provided in the basement or on the
roof top.
Service core parking: provided for service traffic.
Should be provided on the backside of the building for
easy loading & unloading of goods.

Dec-18 21
parking

Dec-18 22
External circulation to the internal circulation

Dec-18 23
 entrance
Visitor
‫مدخل خاص‬
‫بالمشرحة‬
Visitor
entra Pedestrian
nce entrances
entrances

residence

anatomy

‫طريق عام‬
Patient
entranc Intensive
e Birth operation
clinics
X- care

ray
Patient
entrance
Cars
emergen Central entrance
cy sterilization
laborator
ies
Service
stay Entrance entrance
Ambulan of
ce service
entrance administrat
&admini
Ambulance entrance

Entrance to ground ive strative

Entrance to the
Building

‫عام `طريق‬
INTERNAL CIRCULATION
Dec-18 25
General hospital relationship

Dec-18 26
 ZONES
The different areas of a hospital shall be grouped according to zones

Dec-18 27
Outer Zone
areas that are immediately accessible to the public:
emergency service
outpatient service
administrative service.
They shall be located near the
entrance of the
hospital.

Dec-18 28
Second Zone
Areas that receive workload from the outer zone:
Laboratory
pharmacy,
radiology.

They shall be located near

the outer zone.

Dec-18 29
Inner Zone – areas that provide nursing care and
management of patients: nursing service. They shall
be located in private areas but accessible to guests.

Service Zone – areas that provide support to hospital

activities: dietary service, housekeeping service,
maintenance and motor pool service, and mortuary.
They shall be located in areas away from normal
traffic.

Deep Zone – areas that require asepsis to perform the

prescribed services: surgical service, delivery service,
nursery, and intensive care. They shall be segregated
from the public areas but accessible to the
outer, second and inner zones.

Dec-18 30
Internal Circulation

Horizontal &
vertical
circulation

Patient
Doctors (Inpatient- Visitors Service
Outpatient)

Dec-18 31
Internal Circulation

Dec-18 32
Internal Circulation

Dec-18 33
Internal Circulation (vertical circulation)
The vertical arraignment within a hospital should be designed so that the functional areas can be
connected and accessed most efficiently as follows: (according to Neufert standards)
entrances
Radiology
store
Medical service
Physiotherapy Emergency wards
basement Ground floor
Radiotherapy Administration
Cafeteria
kitchen Ambulance
information

Dec-18 34
Internal Circulation (vertical circulation)
Surgical 2nd and 3rd floor wards

Central
sterilization

first floor ICU Helipad

Maternity Top floor Nursing school

Children's hospital laboratories

Dec-18 35
Entrances to the building
OPD entrance

Emergency
entrance
entrances
Visitor and
inpatient entrance

Service entrance

Dec-18 36
 Internal Circulation
Service entrance
Kitchen
OPD Rest area for
staff
sterilization
Laboratory

X-Ray Staff entrance

Lobby and Emergency
visitor service

Maternity section

Emergency
Out patient Main
in Patient entrance
Staff
Service
visitors Ground Floor Plan emergency entrance
Dec-18
37
Internal Circulation

Emergency
Out patient
in Patient
visitors

Ground Floor Plan

Dec-18 38
Internal Circulation
Advantage : surgery is close to the ICU section
Disadvantage: there is no a goof connection between
laboratory and other parts like out patient emergency and surgery
other parts..

Patient(emergency or
inpatient
Circulation to the
laboratory for a patient surgery ICU
from
(Emergency or inpatient
or out patient) to
laboratory

Vertical
circulation

first Floor Plan

Dec-18 39
Internal Circulation
service entrance Freezing section

Pharmacy

Vertical
circulation
Staff
Service Kitchen and
dining for stuff Basement Plan Main store

Dec-18 40
 Internal Circulation
laboratory
Advantages: there X-Ray
are entrances for Out patient
most of the parts entrance
Disadvantages:
infertility is in the
ground so noise will Out patient
come from out to
Emergency
the infertility entrance Secondary
entrance

Secondary
emergency entrance
Vertical circulation
Emergency
Out patient Main
entrance
Patient of infertility
Secondary
entrance
Ground Floor Plan Infertility entrance

Dec-18 41
Internal Circulation (Horizontal circulation)

Ground Floor Plan

Dec-18 42
Internal Circulation (vertical)

Dec-18 43
Internal Circulation

Emergency
Out patient
Service
visitors

Ground Floor Plan

Dec-18 44
Internal Circulation
facilities Dining facilities

Wards
ICU-CCU

Emergency
in Patient
Staff
visitors
First Floor Plan

Dec-18 45
Entrances and Parts of the Hospital

Dec-18 46
Hospital Circulation

Dec-18 47
Hospital Circulation

Dec-18 48
Corridors
Outpatients’ division
 External Outpatient Clinics:
 Parts and components of the
division:
• Consultation room.
• Examination room.
• Treatment room.
• Waiting area.
• Staff room.
• WCs.

Dec-18 50
Location :
• Very close to the m
main entrance of
the hospital.
• Close to the
diagnostic services 50 bed hospital , total area = 215 m2
(labs and x-ray).
• Close the
pharmacy.
m
• Separation Of The
Routes Taken By
Emergencies And
Inpatients
Dec-18
100 bed hospital , total area = 305 m2 51
In - Patient

Dec-18 52
 Pharmacy
Location :
• close to eachh part of The Hospital
•Must be Close to Lifts and The Pneumatic Tube Dispatch System

Dec-18 53
 Emergency reception:
Parts and components of the division:
• Entrance + waiting area.
• Registration.
• Staff room.
• Mini-surgery.
• Test room.
• Medical utilities.
• Mini sterilization room.

Dec-18 54
 Location :
•The Emergency Activity
should be located on the
ground floor to ensure easy
access for patients arriving
by ambulance or auto.
• Very close to the exit
door of the emergency.
• Very close to the
radiology.
• Close to the pharmacy,
laboratories, and central
sterilization.
• Direct access to the stairs
and elevators

. Dec-18 55
 Care Area
Areas Patient Care Should be Enclosed And Through Traffic Kept To A minimum By Careful
Planing Of The Circulation Route .
Care Area
 Administration division
Parts and components of the division:
• Reception hall.
• Waiting area.
• Registration.
• Treasury and Accounts.
• Staff offices.
• General manager office.
• Staff lounge.
• Nursing head office.
• WCs.
 Location:
• Very close to main
entrance of the hospital.
• Entrance area,
registration, accounts
should face the entrance,
whilethe manager office
should be back for privacy.
•Should Be Connected By
Corridor To The Entrance
Hall And Be Closed To The
Main Circulation Routes.

Dec-18 59
Administration

Administration

Administration
Laboratories
The most important labs in the hospital are:
• Chemical lab.
• Bacteriology lab.
• Histology lab.
• Pathology lab.
• Serology lab.
• Hematology lab.
• Microbiology lab.
 A. 50 bed hospital.
B. 100 bed hospital.
Location: C. 200 bed hospital.

• Very close to the

emergency department and
external clinics.
• Easily accessible from
internal division.
• Easily accessible from
maternity and surgery
departments.
• Accessibility from central
storages.
Concerned Mostly With
Preparing and Processing
Blood
Separate From The
Treatment And Nursing General Laboratory
Area
Dec-18 62
Laboratories

Individual
Lboratory
Radiology division:
Parts and components of the division:
• X-ray rooms.
• Control room.
• Waiting area.
• Staff office.
• Utility room.
• Dark room.
• Film view.
• Store.
 Location:
• Very close to the
emergency department and
external clinics.
• Easily accessible from
internal division.
• Ground floor is preferred.
Should Also Be Close To The
Ambulance Entrance
Radiology
This Area In The Ground Or
In The First Basement

Dec-18 65
 Surgical & Operation Department
Srgical department are best located centrally in the core area of the
hospital where they are easy to reach . The reception area for emergency
cases must be as close as possible to the surgical area sincesuch patients
often need to be moved into surgery immediately .

Operating
Room
 Surgical & Operation Department
The Operation Must Be Close To The :
Discharge
 Discharge Room
 Washing Area Washroom

 Anaesthetic
Equipment
 Recovery
 Equipmment Room
Recovery
Room
Washroom

Equipment

Discharge
 Intensive care unit:

• This Part Must Be Separated

• Only Accesible From Lobby
• The Recovery Room in The Operation
Located in The Intensive Care Unit `

Beds
Intensive care unit:
Central sterilization division:
Parts and components of the division:
• Work space.
• Receiving area.
• Washing area.
• Supplies storage.
 Location:
• Very close to the
operation theatre and
maternity division.
• Can be easily accessible
from the emergency
division, laundry
and central storages.

Dec-18 71
Therapeutic services division
Physical therapy division:
Parts and components of the division:
• Waiting area.
• Office.
• Hydrotherapy.
• Exercise room.
• WCs.
Location:
• Close to the main
entrance of the hospital.
• Easy accessible from
external clinics.
• Easy accessible from
internal division.
• Must be in the ground
floor.
• The Department Must be
Accessed Through A Main
Reception Area And
Division Between Wet And
Dry Area .

Dec-18 73
 Teaching Area
To Provaide Practical Experience , a Specific Area In Close Contact With The
Hospital Is Required For Training Medical Student .
Education Part
General Storages:
Spaces of the division:
• Medicine storage.
• Furniture storage.
• Food storage.
• Utilities storage.
• Achieve.
• General storages
Location:

• In the ground floor.

• Close to
housekeeping and
dietary division.
• Direct access to the
service entrance.

Dec-18 76
 WARD LAYOUTS
most common combinations of the spaces in a general ward, access and circulation of the
staff in them.

Radial Corridor Duplex

. Racetrack Cluster

Dec-18 77
BULIDING AND
MOVEMENT TYPES
Dec-18 78
HORIZONTAL MOVEMENT TYPES
Horizontal movement takes several forms:
1-Linear 2-Radial

3-Cluster 4- Grid

Dec-18 79
LINEAR MOVEMENT SYSTEM
The most flexible forms in terms of expansion with survival The strong relationship
between home and abroad is the easiest type The movement is explained, but it leads to
remote sections And create unwanted spaces between Sections sometimes.

The advantages of this type:

oThe existence of a strong and clear motor axis
and easy access Patient to any department of
therapeutic or diagnostic without Making a
difficult effort increases the morbidity Of the
patient.
ohelps in the sequence of events and their
relationships where Sequence of sections in a
gradual manner starting From a strong relationship
to a weak one that facilitates work Functional
Hospital

Dec-18 80
RADIAL MOVEMENT SYSTEM
It is often associated with central forms and buildings So that they are vertical motion
points The head is in the center and the horizontal movement is distributed in a way
Radiation on each floor Flexibility and more difficult shapes in terms of portability The
orientation of the radial motion is clear Less than others for a multiplicity of trends, and
the concentration of movement n the middle which increases congestion and mixing
Users together.

The advantages of this type:

o Movement between sections is few.
o High possibility of solving engineering services.
o Structurally easy to install.
o High efficiency in case of small sites And high
cost per meter.
o Disadvantages of this form: limited and the
possibility of expansionin it

Dec-18 81
 TREE MOVEMENT SYSTEM
This system gives an irregular shape to the movement and the building in The same time, it
also gives sometimes unacceptable relationships, As well as limited flexibility, expansion
and long distance between sections . But it interacts with the site better and especially in
Site with irregular shapes.

The advantages of this type:

o Give different forms to the building.
o The possibility of expanding these sections.
Disadvantages of this form:
o Requires large spaces to accommodate this
type of construction.
o Increase distances between hospital parts to
the limit
o Unwanted.
o The difficulty of implementation because there
is no clear system in the building
o in terms of construction services.

Dec-18 82
GRID MOVEMENT SYSTEM
This system depends on points and open ends More than other systems, with the
possibility of expanding Large and more than one direction at the same time features
Clearly the main network of movement and relationships Good functional intersections
through points The intersection is produced and the yards give a good connection with
The flexibility is the possibility of changing locations Sections are available more than any
other system Because of the possibility of linking with other sections in More than a point.

The advantages of this type:

o Have any expansion or addition of a linked
partition The lines of motion give a wider scope
to connect The sections of the hospital with
each other more possible In other forms of
movement.

Dec-18 83
INTERNAL HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL MOVEMENT PATHS:
These paths are designed to serve both:
- Patients and guests.
- Doctors, nurses and technicians.
- sterile medical materials and tools, as well as contaminated and unclean substances.
- Medical files and reports.

Horizontal movement paths are designed so that no section is accessed through another
section to prevent obstruction for smoothness The functioning of the departments and
the prevention of the spread of infection and take into account the intersection of
corridors of patients with resident corridors Non-resident patients.

Dec-18 84
 The building of the hospital has the following architectural
types;
Hospital 1- Vertical growth
Building Types 2- Horizontal growth

Horizotal growth;
his method is divided between the units of internal
treatment services and internal and external examination
services to sections Which are linked together by specific
medical services. For example, small "corridors" bordering
horizontally with nursing departments Surgery with the
Department of Operations and Obstetrics and Gynecology
with the Department of Birth etc ..
-this type has advantage and disadvantage;

Dec-18 85
Hospital Building Types
-ADVANTAGE -DISADVANTAGE

1-horizontal distribution is appropriate for 1-You need advanced management

unlimited land area capability
2-It gives a close connection between the 2-Lack of flexibility required to increase
dormitory and the medical treatment unit and decrease the number of households in
each section according to the nature of
3-This method of distribution can be used the prevalent diseases
for small hospitals

Dec-18 86
Hospital
Building Types
1- vertical extension
2- Horizontal part +tower
3-Horizontal extension
4-tower building on the form T
5-a horizontal type with a wing
6-a type of cell
7-Repeated T-shaped extensions
8-composite type (Horizontal +
vertical)
9-Horizontal extension
10- Building in different forms
11-Horizontal type
12-Diagnostic wings and sections on
the other side

Dec-18 87
Hospital
Building Types
1-Hospital in irregular form
2-A hospital with a high central part
and low buildings around it
3-A hospital on two parallel wings
with occasional contact
4-Hospital in the form of open boxes
5-Hospital shaped T
6-Hospital shaped T
7-Hospital shaped H
8-Hospital shaped V branch
9-Hospital shaped branch
10-Hospital shaped branch and
linked endings
11-Hospital shaped H with middle
curvature

Dec-18 88
Hospital
Building Types

Dec-18 89
 Vertical growth; This method is based on the collection of
diagnostic and therapeutic medical departments
Hospital (outpatient clinics, emergency, radiation laboratories, birth,
birth) at one or two horizontal levels and then in the
Building Types nursing departments vertically with stairs and lifts

Dec-18 90
Hospital Building Types
ADVANTAGES; DISADVANTAGES;

1- There is a direct and rapid relationship 1- Difficulty to achieve the relationship of

between medical services spatial proximity between the sections of
2- The flexibility of the distribution of residence and operations and other
families in various nursing departments medical departments
according to the circumstances variables
2-The user is forced to patients and
3- Easy administrative organization given a visitors to pass in lines of horizontal and
centralized management that controls the vertical mobility, which may lead to chaos
operation of all modules in motion unless the design takes into
4- Economics in the cost of architectural account the simplicity and ease of
and mechanical engineering awareness of users.
5- - This vertical distribution is suitable for
land with limited area

Dec-18 91
Hospital Building Types

Dec-18 92
FUTURE EXPANTION
The expansion by adding a new integrated section of the hospital so as not to affect Its
design does not grow a new section but adds a new integrated section

Dec-18 93
STANDARD DIMENSIONS
Dec-18 94
Circulation
Circulation ways have to be dimensioned for the most important circulation.
- Access passages: 1.5m wide,
- Passages for lying patients’ transfer: 2.25m wide minimum,
- Ceilings in passages: 2.40m high minimum,
- Maximal distance between two windows in a passage way: 25m,
- Width of passage ways mustn’t be reduced by any object or post,
- According to the regulations fire doors are required in passage ways.

Dec-18 95
Doors
- Coverings have to be resistant to the maintenance and disinfectant products.
- The same sound insulation as the one for walls is required: a leaf with two walls
can absorb noises up to 27 dB minimum.
- Height of doors: 2.1-2.2m,
- Height of over designed doors for cars: 2.5m,
- Height of doors for the passage of transport vehicles: 2.7-2.8m,
- Minimal height of doors for access to a hall for lying people: 3.5m.

Dec-18 96
Doors

Dec-18 97
Circulation for handicapped people

Dec-18 98
ramps
If ramps change direction at landings, the mini-mum landing
size shall be60 inches by 60 inches . A ramp shall have a nonslip surface.
Each ramp shall have at least 180 cm of straight clearance at the bottom

Dec-18 99
Stairs and lifts
- Stairs and elevators must be in the focal areas of the hospital, Special lifts and ladders
are also provided for different jobs and insulation Vertical movement of patients on the
staff.
- The main stairs for visitors, staff and patients should be wide Adequate width of at least
1.5 m and suitable distances to achieve comfort For users where the best dimensions for
one per cent (0.3 m) horizontally And (0.15 m) vertically.

Escalation stairs should also be provided in certain

areas of the hospital for insurance
Quick evacuation when fires occur.
- Different functions of elevators can be
distinguished by their dimensions
Take the elevators of the large-scale transport of
patients, followed by lift elevators
Equipment and then elevators visitors ..

Dec-18 100
STAIRS dimensions

Dec-18 101
Stairs dimensions

Dec-18 102
Dec-18 103
escalator

Dec-18 104
TRAVELATOR

Dec-18 105
TRAVELATOR types

Dec-18 106
Dec-18 107
Corridors
Corridors

Dec-18 109
conclusion
(i) Internal Circulation:
Internally, traffic routes are required for linking major clinical departments for use by patients
and staff, and for delivery of supplies to these departments.
The circulation space involves corridors, stairways and lifts. Corridors with less than 8 feet
width are not desirable in hospitals, and protective corner beading is a necessity in hospital
corridors.
ADVERTISEMENTS:
A large volume of internal traffic in hospital involves use of patient trolleys. Supplies and stores
are also moved on trolleys. In multistoreyed buildings, provisioning for vertical movement of
patient trolleys has, therefore, to be catered for.
In high-rise buildings the problems of internal circulation arise from wide dispersion of vertical
circulation points.
It may be economical in effort to concentrate lifts at one place than distribute them among
different parts of the building: four lifts banked together will give the same service as eight
individual lifts scattered at separate points.
Two lifts are the minimum for any multi storeyed buildings. In not so high buildings, planning
for ramps for trolley traffic (ramp well) must also be considered in addition to the stairwell.

Dec-18 110
conclusion
ADVERTISEMENTS:
The point to remember while considering internal circulation is that internal traffic should remain orderly, and there is no undue
criss-crossing of the patients, staff, supplies and visitors.
Use of multi-storeyed buildings is more economical than low buildings connected by long corridors and scattered lifts. In the
linear spine concept of a building, additional departments are entered from a central spine, which may have several levels.
It steers the circulation, takes the hospital growth easily, and labyrinthine patterns, so common in large buildings, are avoided. An
example of the linear spine concept is depicted
In considering the feeling of getting lost in the labyrinth of a large hospital, the hospital is compared to a village where its central
focus is the high street or the market square, wherefrom everyone living or visiting the village are able to orientate themselves.
Planning for efficient internal circulation should therefore consider a central recognisable main communication artery serving the
whole complex, which cannot be confused with departmental corridors.
But it is quite surprising that entrances to major departments in hospitals are given so little prominence and so little identity.
The entrance door to a department should be approached through a “pause space” which serves as a transition between the
public and the private domain. Like the transition from outside to the hospital is through the main hospital entrance, so the
transition from the hospital street to the department should be through its distinctive pause space.
Ramps, steps, and stairs: Handrails must be provided on both sides of steps and stairs, and should extend beyond the first and
the last steps on at least one side. Hard, level, nonskid surfaces are essential for steps and stairs, and handrails must not be of
slipery material.

Dec-18 111
conclusion
(ii) External Circulation:
Only one entrance to the hospital for vehicular traffic from the main road is desirable.
Provided the entrance and exist points are wide enough to take two lanes of traffic, one entry has the advantage
of clarity for all visiting traffic, and one exit the advantage of security from administrative viewpoint.
The volume of external traffic reaching a hospital is quite enormous. Not only the patients but supplies,
ambulances, staff and visitors need access to the hospital at different points. Supplies and stores also arrive on
handcarts, pushcarts, rickshaws and other vehicles.
Patients, their attendants and visitors come to hospitals in a variety of transport. Therefore, appropriate areas
have to be earmarked for scooter, car, rickshaw and bicycle parking facilities for patients, visitors and staff.
The main bulk of hospital stores are delivered at one or two central points. Independent access will be helpful in
transport of heavy or bulky articles directly to the point at which required.
These could also be useful to bring in fire flighting vehicles in case of fire in the hospital.
The circulation routes will be influenced by the orientation of the site, e.g. a site with its broadside facing the
main entrance from the road, a narrow site at right angle to the main road, or a site which is irregular in spread
and level.
Some site may be sloping, but a sloping site is not necessarily a disadvantage. The architect can exploit it by
planning part of the structure on stilt columns and using the basement for car parks, goods delivery points, soiled
disposal, and storage.

Dec-18 112
REFERENCES
newfert architects data 3d edition
time saver architects data
On the Planning and Designof Hospital Circulation Zones: A Review of the Evidence-
BasedLiterature / Shan Jiang, PhD1, and Stephen Verderber, ArchD2
Handbook to Build an Hospital / Prepared by: French red cross
Health Building Note 00-04: Circulation and communication spaces
arch daily.com
pintrest.com

Dec-18 113
SIMILAR EXAMPLES
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 (SHAR HOSPITAL)
400-Bed Hospital at Suleiymany-Iraq
Local example
content
• General Information
• ZONES
• circulation

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(SHAR HOSPITAL)
General Information:

Location : suleimany-Iraq
Number of Beds : 468 Bed
Number of floors : 6 floor
Type of Hospital : General
Height of the building : 28m
Plot Area (build Up Area +Outdoor) = 70.768 meter square
Built up Area (Total Area of Zones + Circulation Area) = 50.560 meter square
Outdoor Area(Green , Parking , Sitting Area) = 20.208 meter square

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ZONES
In Basement: In Second floor:
• Laundry • ICU
• Kitchen and Dining for stuff • Surgical services
• Radiology • Preterm infants
• Furniture store • Maternity unit
• Drug store
• Library In Third Floor:
• pharmacy • Inpatient unit

In Ground Floor: In forth floor:

• Administration • Inpatient unit
• Emergency
• OPD In fifth floor:
• Laboratory • Neurosurgery
• ECHO • The brain and nerves unit
• Cafeteria and store

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ZONES

Site plan

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ZONES

Car parking for stuff

Car parking for visitors
Parking for buss and taxi
Ambulance parking
Heli pad

Site plan
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circulation

Pedestrian (emergency)
Pedestrian

Site plan

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circulation

service Vehicle path

Stuff path
Emergency ambulance

Site plan

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zones

OPD
Doctor resident
Emergency
Shops
Lift and its lobby
Casher
Pharmacy
Fire escape
Doctor staff room
Administration
Laboratory
Radiology

Ground Floor Plan

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circulation

Vertical circulation
Horizontal circulation
entry Ground Floor Plan

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circulation

Vertical circulation
Doctor and patient circulation
Administration stuff circulation
Doctor circulation
Ground Floor Plan
Public circulation
entry

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zones

Kitchen and dining for stuff

Teaching hall and library
General store
Drug store
Sterilization unit
X-Ray and MRI
Basement Plan
Guard rom and maintenance

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 Basement Plan

Vertical circulation
Horizontal circulation
entry

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Some pictures of the hospital

Main balcony
for waiting
families

Main entrance
lobby

First floor
Ground floor
Basement slop
Gate of
hospital

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conclusion
• Emergency is designed near to the gate for easy access
• OPD , radiology , pharmacy and laboratories are near to the public or second zone
• Public(outer zone) and private (inner zone)parts are separated
• Use topography and for basement

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North Lantau Hospital
CHINA , HONG KONG
North Lantau
Hospital
• Location : China , Hong Kong
• Hospital type: District
• 160 Inpatient beds
• Site Area : 19,539m2 (approx.)
• Construction Floor Area :
49,748m2 (approx.)
• Site Coverage : 23.291%
• Building Height : 41.65m
• No. of Storeys : 9 storeys
• No. of Parking Spaces : 47 car
parking spaces (including 6
accessible parking , 8 ambulance
parking spaces)
• Construct Completion: : 28
December 2012

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 North Lantau Hospital
The hospital also includes
•160 Inpatient beds
•Operating Suite
•Emergency Department
•Medical Imaging
•Pharmacy
•Major Outpatient Services

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 Parts of the hospital
•(A) In-patient general acute care services •(D) Clinic Support Services
with 160 in-patient beds
(i) Diagnostic Radiology
(i) 80 beds for Acute Care
(ii) Clinical Laboratory
(ii) 80 beds for Extended Care
(iii) Pharmacy
•(B) Ambulatory Care Services
(iv) Mortuary
(i) Accident and Emergency (A&E)
Department (v) Admission & Medical Records

(ii) Day Rehabilitation & Geriatrics •(E) General Support Services

(iii) Ambulatory Surgery / Day Procedure •(F) Administrative Services

Centre
•(C) Outpatient Services
(i) Specialist Out-Patient Clinics
(ii) Primary Care Clinics
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Entrances
Main vehicular entrance

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 Entrances

Main
entrance

Emergency
and accident
entrance

Car parking

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Ground floor zones
Main entrance and Visitor lift lobby
Radiology department
Admission and emergency department
Administration
Staff lift lobby

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Ground floor circulation
Future expansion bridge

Horizontal circulation
Vertical circulation
Entrances

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Ground floor circulation
Public horizontal circulation
Public Vertical circulation
Service corridor
Service vertical circulation
Emergency circulation
Radiology
Staff vertical circulation
Administration circulation
Entrances

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Vertical zones

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Zones of typical plan

Staff lift lobby

Visitor corridor
In-patient general acute care
Information and waiting
Service corridor

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Vertical Circulating

Visitor lift lobby

Service lift lobby
Staff vertical circulation
Fire escape

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Horizontal Circulating

Service circulation
staff circulation
visitor circulation

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Car park level
General circulation separated from
transportation of dead bodied
circulation

Entrance to
Car parking

Car parking

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 References
•http://tahpi.net/portfolio_page/north-lantau-hospital/
•file:///C:/Users/DotNet6060/Downloads/HK_2015_Day3_session6_Kenneth-Kan-
2015%20(1).pdf
•https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr09-10/english/fc/pwsc/papers/p09-75e.pdf
•http://www32.ha.org.hk/capitalworksprojects/en/Project/Others/North-Lantau-
Hospital/Summary.html

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