A.

Basic Voltage source inverter

1. The full-bridge topology can offer the higher output power (up to 5 kW) and control flexibility, and its
efficiency can be significantly optimized through the proper control strategy. However, its higher cost
makes it unfeasible for the mean IH appliance. The half-bridge series resonant inverter is the most used
topology due to its appropriate balance between performance, complexity, and cost.
2. The half-bridge series resonant inverter (Fig. 1) is the most employed topology due to its simplicity,
appropriate balance between performance, its cost effectiveness, and the electrical requirements of its
components. This implies a wide operation range, where a ZVS condition must be fulfilled to ensure high
efficiency. It is used to design converters with up to 3.5-kW output power.

B.Multi output Voltage Source Inverter

Multi output and multisource systems are widely present in the current technology. These systems require supplying
either a fixed voltage or power for each load. Domestic induction heating appliances are an example, where different
output powers are required for each load. Besides, it requires a cost-effective and high-power density
implementation to compete in nowadaysDomestic induction-heating market.

a. On the 230-V ac network, the more suitable converter is the series-resonant half-bridge operating in zero-
voltage switching (ZVS) mode (up to the resonant frequency). Taking advantage of the performances
characterizing the current 600-V insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) devices, this topology leads to a
very good compromise between efficiency, technical simplicity, and cost. The main advantage of this
topology than previous one that total power sizing of electronics is very less.
b. The synthesized converter can be considered as a two-output extension of a full-bridge topology. It allows
the control of the two outputs, simultaneously and independently, up to their rated powers saving
component count compared with the two-converter solution and providing a higher utilization of
electronics. A fixed-frequency control strategy is digitally implemented with good final performances for
the application, including ZVS operation for active devices and a quick heating function. Although it is
low-power induction heating, it can be probably useful for other power electronic applications.
c. Fig. Shows a half-bridge topology featuring frequency selectable resonant loads [45]. Each resonant tank is
tuned at a different resonant frequency, allowing selectingamong them with the inverter operating
frequency.
d. The proposed n-output series-resonant inverter topology, called series-resonant multi-inverter, is a dc-link
inverter based on a common inverter block and a resonant-load block [13] [see Fig. 3]. The basic inverter
topology chosen for the common inverter block is the half bridge, due to its appropriate balance between
number of switches, electrical stress, and performance.

Advntages- These systems require controlling either the supplied voltage or power to several loads with
different requirements simultaneously. As a consequence, the cost and size of the power stage may increase
beyond the admissible limits for certain applications.

C. AC- AC Converter
Direct ac–ac converters have been widely used in many applications due to the component count reduction achieved,
reducing the intermediate dc-link storage requirements. Fig. 6 summarizes some of the proposals made by several
authors.
a. In Fig. 6(a) , several switching devices are combined to build bidirectional switches to implement a full-
bridge direct ac–ac power converter. The main drawback is the increased number of switches, which
increases the cost and complexity of the power converter.
b. Half-bridge topology using Reverse Blocking IGBTs based resonant matrix inverter deals with a novel type
soft switching utility frequency AC- high frequency AC converter using asymmetrical PWM bidirectional
active switches which can be defined as high frequency resonant matrix converter.This power frequency
changer can directly convert utility frequency AC power to high frequency AC power ranging more than
 20kHz up to 100kHz. This high frequency cyclo-converter uses bidirectional IGBTs composed of anti-
parallel one-chip reverse blocking IGBTs. This high frequency cyclo-converter has some remarkable
features as electrolytic capacitor less DC bus link, unity power factor correction and sine wave line current
shaping, simple configuration with minimum circuit components and low cost, high efficiency and
downsizing, with similar advantages and drawbacks than the previous implementation. To overcome these
limitations, the proposals shown in Fig. 6(c) presented.
On one hand, Fig. 6(c) proposes a direct ac–ac half-bridge power converter featuring high-frequency
rectifier diodes, which avoids the use of additional switching devices. This power converter not only increases the
voltage applied to the load, but also exhibits higher efficiency levels

Intro
The traditional concept of gas and the electric stoves is still the most popular in the market. There are ongoing
debates, as to which is the best technology for cooking and why. Nowadays Induction heating for cooking
applications is quickly gaining popularity. Induction cooking technology not only offers the advantage of having a
better efficiency conversion compared to the standard solutions (Gas and electric stoves), but also offers the
advantages of rapid heating, local spot heating, direct heating, high power density, high reliability, low running cost
and non-acoustic noise. According to the U.S. Department of Energy the efficiency of energy transfer in these
systems is about 84%, compared to 74% for a smooth-top non-induction electrical unit, providing an approximate
10% saving in energy for the same amount of heat transfer. The principle behind an induction cooking stove is to
excite a coil of wire and induce a current into a pot made of a material which must have high magnetic permeability
and which stands in the proximity of the aforementioned coil. The way it works is similar to an inductor where the
pan is a very lossy core. The generated heat is due to the eddy currents generated in the pot’s bottom layer combined
with the hysteresis losses from that magnetic material in the pan. For nearly all models of induction cooktop, a
cooking vessel must be made of a ferromagnetic metal, or placed on an interface disk which enables non-induction
cookware to be used on induction cooking surfaces.
In an induction cooker, a coil of copper wire is placed underneath the cooking pot. An alternating electric current
flows through the coil, which produces an oscillating magnetic field. This field induces an electric current in
the pot. Current flowing in the metal pot produces resistive heating which heats the food. While the current is large,
it is produced by a low voltage. The heart of such systems is the electronics which is the biggest challenge in terms
of the design. It is a combination of a power stage coupled with a digital control system and also must deal with the
thermal management issues. The heat generated, follows the Joule effect R times the square of the inducted current.
Figure 2 shows a block diagram of an induction cooker inverter. The main blocks are an EMI filter plus some over
voltage and over current protections, a rectifier bridge plus the bus capacitor, the resonant inverter, the coil, all the
sensor and actuators, an auxiliary power supply, a thermal management system and a control unit.

Fig. 3 illustrates the switching voltage and current waveforms of the conventional single-ended ZVS pulse
frequency modulation (ZVS-PFM) inverter with a single IGBT. The quasi resonant ZVS-PFM inverter can be
operated under zero-voltage soft-switching control condition for the output power regulation due to the simple PFM
scheme. This topology has the significant disadvantage of high peak voltage across the active switch. Therefore, this
circuit topology is not suitable for 200-V utility power source connected high-power applications.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic circuit system of the single-ended push–pull-type ZVS-PWM resonant inverter using new-
generation IGBT’s. This inverter is to be operated under a condition of CFVP control strategy. This IH cooking
appliance connected to a 200-V utility ac power grid is especially introduced for the multi-burner system structure
and induction-heated cooker with microwave oven for home and business uses. This inverter is able to combine
with multiple IH load vessels or pans coupled to the working heating coil. Its control circuit is based on
microcomputer based power regulation and system protection, and IGBT IC driver modules are incorporated into
this inverter.