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International Journal
of Recent Scientific
International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Research
Vol. 6, Issue, 7, pp.5070-5071, July, 2015
ISSN: 0976-3031
RESEARCH ARTICLE
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY IN MEDICINAL PLANT (STEVIA REBAUDIANA ) USING
TWOSOLVENTS
Sunitha.V*, Irene wilsy J and Reginold.M
Department of Botany & Research Centre, Scott Christian College (Autonomous) Nagercoil,
Kanyakumari -629 003, Tamil Nadu., India

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT

Article History: The present study was to investigate the antibacterial activity obtained from Stevia rebaudianaagainst
nd Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E.coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris by disc
Received 2 , June, 2015 diffusion method. The ethanol extract showed maximum activity againstStevia rebaudiana root in E.coli
Received in revised form 10th, and the minimum zone of inhibition was observed in Proteus vulgaris, E.coli using ethanol extractin leaf.
June, 2015
Accepted 4th, July, 2015
Published online 28th,
July, 2015

Key words:
Steviarebaudiana, crude extract,
disc diffusion method.

Copyright © Sunitha.V et al., This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS

Medicinal plants are of great interest to the researchers in the Sample collection and solvent extraction
field of biotechnology as most of the drug industries depend in
part on plants for the production of pharmaceutical compounds The materials selected for the present study were Stevia
(Chand et al.,1997). rebaudiana .The plants were collected from Cheruvarakkonam,
Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India. Plants were dried
WHO estimated that 80% of the population of developing under shade condition for one month and cut into small pieces,
countries relies on traditional medicines, mostly plant drugs, pulverized in a grinder and stored in sterile containers for
for their primary health care needs. The developed nations are further use. A Soxhlet extractor apparatus was used for
also looking for eco-friendly treatment of various diseases extraction, with ethanol and methanol solvents.
through plant based source.
Bacterial Strains
In addition, many valuable herbal drugs have been discovered
by knowing that particular plant was used by the ancient folk In the present study five human pathogens were used, namely
healers for the treatment of some kind of ailment (Ekka and E.coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Proteusvulgaris, Pseudomonas
Dixit, 2007). Microbiological investigations of stevia plant aeruginosa, Staphylococcusaureusobtained from Inbiotics
extract against pathogenic species using an array of solvents Institute of Biology of clinical Research, Nagercoil. Stock
has neither been attempted earlier by many workers seriously cultures were maintained in nutrient agar medium at 400C,then
nor reported much (Takai, 1985; Tomita, 1997; Tadhani et al., subcultured in nutrient broth at 370C prior to each microbial
2006). Stevia rebaudiana leaf extracts demonstrated test.
antibacterial, antifungal, antiyeast and antitumor activity. To
the best of our knowledge, there is no previous reported work Disc Diffusion Method
on the antimicrobial and antitumor activity of Stevia
rebaudiana except that of (Tadhani and Subash, 2006).The Disc Diffusion method was used to screen the antibacterial
present study was undertaken to further analyze the activity (Bauer et al., 1966).The sensitivity test of the
antibacterial activity of Stevia rebaudiana. chloroform and ethanol extracts were determined using agar–

*Corresponding author: Sunitha.V

Department of Botany & Research Centre, Scott Christian College (Autonomous) Nagercoil, Kanyakumari -629 003, Tamil Nadu., India
 Sunitha.V et al., Antibacterial Activity In Medicinal Plant (Stevia Rebaudiana )
Using Twosolvents

disc diffusion method. Media were prepared using Muller- best solvent to result in good antibacterial activity but they did
Hinton Agar poured in petridishes and inoculated with test not examine other extract aganist selected bacteria.
organisms from the broth using cotton swabs. Disc
impregnated with the plant extract were placed on the swabbed CONCLUSION
plate. The plates were incubated overnight at 370C for 24
hours. Amikacin was used as positive reference standard. After Stevia is a natural sweetener plant having commercial
incubation, the clear zone around the discs were measured and importance and it is used all over the world.
expressed in mm as a measure of their antibacterial activity.
Table.1 Antibacterial Activity In Stevia Rebaudianausing A Disc Diffusion Method (Zone Of Inhibition In Mm)
S.no Name of the bacteria solvent Stem Root Callus Leaf
1 E.coli Ethanol 9.00±0.50 12.16±0.30 10.33±0.05 7.03±0.15
Methanol 8.25±0.25 - 8.0±0.26 8.16±0.35
2 K.pneumoniae Ethanol 8.00±0.40 - - 11.23±0.25
Methanol 9.57±0.36 10.13±0.35 8.0±0.17 -
3 P.aeruginosa Ethanol 11.00±0.10 8.00±0.26 8.03±0.20 10.16±0.15
Methanol 9.00±0.10 - - -
4 S.aureus Ethanol 10.00±0.20 8.00±0.26 - -
Methanol 9.00±0.10 8.01±0.32 - -
5 P.vulgaris Ethanol 12.13±0.15 8.06±0.28 10.0±0.20 7.03±0.15
Methanol - - 8.0±0.10 -

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION From the above results, it is concluded that S. rebaudiana
showed antibacterial activity and also used as a medicinal
The results of antibacterial activity in two extract of medicinal plant.
plant like Stevia rebaudiana against human pathogens were
shown in Table 1.The present investigation showed that the Acknowledgements
tested plant extract possess potential antibacterial activity
against E.coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, The authors are thankful to the principal, Head of the
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus. Department of Botany and the management of Scott Christian
College (Autonomus), Nagercoil for providing laboratory
The Ethanol extract of Stevia rebaudianastem showed the facilities during the period of this study.
antibacterial activity against five pathogens with the inhibition
zones of 9.00,8.00,11.00,10.00 and 12.13mm, respectively. The References
methanol extract of Steviarebaudiana stem showed the
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