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Introduction To The Theory of Ferromagnetism: Problem Solving

This document discusses three problems related to ferromagnetism. Problem A involves plotting graphs of differential magnetic susceptibility versus temperature and field for non-interacting magnetic moments. Problem B derives the field dependence of differential magnetic susceptibility at the Curie point using the Ising model. Problem C calculates the net magnetic moment for a system where the magnetic moment can have several discrete values, and plots graphs of the magnetic moment versus field and temperature.

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Anderson Garcia
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56 views

Introduction To The Theory of Ferromagnetism: Problem Solving

This document discusses three problems related to ferromagnetism. Problem A involves plotting graphs of differential magnetic susceptibility versus temperature and field for non-interacting magnetic moments. Problem B derives the field dependence of differential magnetic susceptibility at the Curie point using the Ising model. Problem C calculates the net magnetic moment for a system where the magnetic moment can have several discrete values, and plots graphs of the magnetic moment versus field and temperature.

Uploaded by

Anderson Garcia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to the Theory

of Ferromagnetism

Problem solving

Examples of problems solving


Problem A
Plot graphs of differential magnetic susceptibility versus
temperature at constant magnetic field and differential
magnetic susceptibility versus magnetic field at constant
temperature for the system of noninteracting local
magnetic moments.
Magnetization of the system of noninteracting local
magnetic moments
N 0  H 
M tanh  0 
V  T 
Recall the definition of differential magnetic susceptibility
M  N 0  0 H  N 0 0 T N  02 1
  tanh    
H H V  T  V cosh 2   0 H T  VT cosh 2   0 H T 
Problem A
Differential magnetic Differential magnetic
susceptibility versus susceptibility versus
temperature at constant magnetic field at
magnetic field constant temperature

N  02 1
  H ,T  
VT cosh 2   0 H T 

System of noninteracting local magnetic moments


Problem B
Find the magnetic field dependence of differential
magnetic susceptibility of ferromagnet at Curie point
in the Ising model.
Free energy
F  x, T , H  F0 T , H  1  4
  T    x  x  xh 
2

N N 2 12
 4 
 F  x, , H   F0  , H   N  x  xh 
12 
1
  3  3h 
F  x, , H   0  x  h  0  x   
3

x 3   
2
F  x , , H   x 2
 0  minimum!
x 2
Problem B
Magnetization
1 1
NB N  B  3h 
3 N  B  3 B 
3
1
M x      H 3
V V    V   
Differential magnetic susceptibility

1
M 1 N  B  3 B 3 
2
    H 3
H 3 V   

1
 2
3
H
Problem C
The projection of local magnetic moment on the z-axis can
assume the values −2μ0 ; −μ0 ; 0; +μ0 ; +2μ0 in a magnetic
field parallel to the z-axis. Find the net value of μ𝑧 (𝑇, 𝐻).
Plot the graphs μ𝑧 𝐻 at T = const and μ𝑧 (𝑇) at H = const.

Hamiltonian
Hˆ  ˆ z H
   Tr ˆ e
2 0 H 0 H 0 H 2 0 H

ˆ z 
Tr ˆ z e  Hˆ T
z
ˆ z H T
  2 e
0

T
 0e

T
 0e T
 2 0 e T

Tr e   Hˆ T
 Tr  e ˆ z H T
 e

2 0 H
T
e

0 H
T
1 e
0 H
T
e
2 0 H
T

 2 H   H 
4 0 sinh  0   2 0 sinh  0 
  T   T 
 2 H   H 
1  2cosh  0   2cosh  0 
 T   T 
Problem C
Net value of the magnetic moment operator

 H   2 H 
sinh  0   2sinh  0 
ˆ z  2 0  T   T 
 H   2 H 
1  2cosh  0   2cosh  0 
 T   T 
Problem C
Net value of the magnetic moment operator

 H   2 H 
sinh  0   2sinh  0 
ˆ z  2 0  T   T 
 H   2 H 
1  2cosh  0   2cosh  0 
 T   T 

 μ0 H 
μ z T   μ 0 tanh  
 T 

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